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Texas Instruments TI-82 Getting Started
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Part I: Texas Instruments TI-82 Graphics Calculator
I.1 Getting started with the TI-82
I.1.1 Basics: Press the ON key to begin using your TI-82 calculator. If you need to adjust the display
contrast, first press 2nd, then press and hold
(the up arrow key) to lighten or
(the down arrow key)
to darken. As you press and hold
or
, an integer between 0 (lightest) and 9 (darkest) appears in the
upper right corner of the display. When you have finished with the calculator, turn it off to conserve battery
power by pressing 2nd and then OFF.
Check the TI-82's settings by pressing MODE. If necessary, use the arrow keys to move the blinking cursor
to a setting you want to change. Press ENTER to select a new setting. To start, select the options along the
left side of the MODE menu as illustrated in Figure I.1: normal display, floating decimals, radian measure,
function graphs, connected lines, sequential plotting, and full screen display. Details on alternative options
will be given later in this guide. For now, leave the MODE menu by pressing CLEAR.
Figure I.1: MODE menu
Figure I.2: Home screen
I.1.2 Editing: One advantage of the TI-82 is that up to 8 lines are visible at one time, so you can see a long
calculation. For example, type this sum (see Figure I.2):
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Then press ENTER to see the answer.
Often we do not notice a mistake until we see how unreasonable an answer is. The TI-82 permits you to
redisplay an entire calculation, edit it easily, then execute the corrected calculation.
Suppose you had typed
12
34
56
as in Figure I.2 but had not yet pressed ENTER, when you realize
that 34 should have been 74. Simply press
(the left arrow key) as many times as necessary to move the
blinking cursor left to 3, then type 7 to write over it. On the other hand, if 34 should have been 384, move
the cursor back to 4, press 2nd INS (the cursor changes to a blinking underline) and then type 8 (inserts at
the cursor position and the other characters are pushed to the right). If the 34 should have been 3 only, move
the cursor to 4 and press DEL to delete it.
Technology Tip: To move quickly to the beginning on an expression you are currently editing, press
(the
up arrow key); to jump to the end of that expression, press
(the down arrow key).
Even if you had pressed ENTER, you may still edit the previous expression. Press 2nd and then ENTRY to
recall the last expression that was entered. Now you can change it. In fact, the TI-82 retains many prior
entries in a "last entry" storage area. Press 2nd ENTRY repeatedly until the previous line you want replaces
the current line.
Technology Guide
Graphing
I-1
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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Summary of Contents for Texas Instruments TI-82

  • Page 1 Figure I.1: MODE menu Figure I.2: Home screen I.1.2 Editing: One advantage of the TI-82 is that up to 8 lines are visible at one time, so you can see a long calculation. For example, type this sum (see Figure I.2): Then press ENTER to see the answer.
  • Page 2 7 ENTER. I.1.3 Key Functions: Most keys on the TI-82 offer access to more than one function, just as the keys on a computer keyboard can produce more than one letter (“g” and “G”) or even quite different characters (“5”...
  • Page 3 Note that the TI-82 distinguishes between subtraction and the negative sign. If you wish to enter a negative number, it is necessary to use (-) key. For example, you would evaluate by pressing (-) 5 –...
  • Page 4 Figure I.4: ANS variable I.1.7 The MATH Menu: Operators and functions associated with a scientific calculator are available either immediately from the keys of the TI-82 or by the 2nd keys. You have direct key access to common arithmetic operations ( , 2nd...
  • Page 5 Here’s one method to use your TI-82 to perform this task. Press the Y= key at the top of the calculator to display the function editing screen (Figure I.6). You may enter as many as ten different functions for the TI-82 to use at one time.
  • Page 6 2nd ENTRY to recall the last line, change 2230 to 1865, and press ENTER. You may also have the TI-82 make a table of values for the function. Press 2nd TblSet to set up the table (Figure I.9). Move the blinking cursor onto Ask beside Indpnt:, then press ENTER. This configuration one at a time.
  • Page 7 Now press GRAPH and the TI-82 changes to a window with the graph of (Figure I.12). While the TI-82 is calculating coordinates for a plot, it displays a busy indicator at the top right of the graph window. Technology Tip: If you would like to see a function in the Y= menu and its graph in a graph window, both at the same time, open the MODE menu, move the cursor down to the last line, and select Split screen.
  • Page 8 You may also edit the entry as you would edit an expression. Remember that a minimum must be less than the corresponding maximum or the TI-82 will issue an error message. Also, remember to use the (-) key, not – (which is subtraction), when you want to enter a negative value. Figures I.12 – 13, I.14 –15, and I.16 –17 show different WINDOW screens and the corresponding viewing window for each one.
  • Page 9 You can change from Connected line to Dot graph on the TI-82 by opening the MODE menu. Move the cursor down to the fifth line; select whichever graph type you require; press ENTER to put it into effect, and GRAPH to see the result.
  • Page 10 The TI-82 can graph piecewise-defined functions by using the options in the TEST menu (Figure I.22) that is displayed by pressing 2nd TEST. Each TEST function returns the value 1 if the statement is true, and the value 0 if the statement is false.
  • Page 11 Figure I.28. This method works because the dimensions of the TI-82’s display are such that the ratio of vertical to horizontal is approximately The two semicircles in Figure I.28 do not connect because of an idiosyncrasy in the way the TI-82 plots a graph.
  • Page 12 ENTER. This equal sign should no longer be highlighted (see Figure I.33). Now press GRAPH and see that only is plotted (Figure I.34). I-12 TI-82 Graphics Calculator Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
  • Page 13 . Eventually you will reach the left or right edge of the window. Keep pressing the arrow key and the TI-82 will allow you to continue the trace by panning the viewing window. Check the WINDOW screen to see that Xmin and Xmax are automatically updated.
  • Page 14 There appears to be an intersection near The TI-82 provides several ways to enlarge the view around this point. You can change the viewing window directly by pressing WINDOW and editing the values of Xmin, Xmax, Ymin, and Ymax. Figure I.36 shows a new viewing window for the range displayed in Figure I.35. The cursor has been moved near the point of intersection;...
  • Page 15 Figure I.42: After a zoom in As you see in the ZOOM menu (Figure I.37), the TI-82 can Zoom In (press ZOOM 2) or Zoom Out (press ZOOM 3). Zoom out to see a larger view of the graph, centered at the cursor position. You can change the horizontal and vertical scale of the magnification by pressing ZOOM 4 [SetFactors...] (see figure I.43)
  • Page 16 Figure I.46: Finding a value Note that if you have more than one graph on the screen, the upper right corner of the TI-82 screen will display the numeral corresponding to the equation of the function in the Y= list whose value is being calculated.
  • Page 17 Next move the cursor along the graph between the two bounds and as close to the minimum/maximum as you can; this serves as a guess for the TI-82 to start its search. Good choices for the lower bound, upper bound, and guess can help the calculator work more efficiently and quickly. Press ENTER and the coordinates of the relative minimum/maximum point will be displayed (see Figure I.48).
  • Page 18 I.2.10 Tangent Lines: Once again, graph in the standard viewing window (see Figure I.49). The TI-82 can draw the tangent line to a graph of a function at a specified point. While on the home screen, press 2nd DRAW 5 [Tangent(] 2nd Y- 1 1 , 1 ) ENTER (see Figure I.53).
  • Page 19 Change the scale on the TI-82 from the WINDOW menu. Move the cursor down to Xscl and enter an appropriate value. So press 2nd CALC to display the intercept of a function’s graph is a root of the equation...
  • Page 20 Then use zoom and trace, or the TI-82’s roots finder, to locate each one. In fact, this equation has just one real solution, 1.414.
  • Page 21 The TI-82 is capable of shading the region above or below a graph or between two graphs. For example, to y ≥ x graph first graph the function . Then press 2nd DRAW 7 [Shade(] 2nd 1 1 , 10 , 2 ) ENTER (see Figure I.63). These keystrokes instruct the TI-82 to shade the region...
  • Page 22 SIN ( 2nd ÷ 6 ) ENTER The first line of keystrokes sets the TI-82 in degree mode and calculates the sine of 45 degrees. While the calculator is still in degree mode, the second line of keystrokes calculates the sine of degrees, 3.1415 .
  • Page 23 $10.03 $10.15 We’ll now use the TI-82 to construct a scatter plot that represents these points and to find a linear model that approximates the given data. The TI-82 holds data in up to six lists. Before entering this new data, press STAT 4 [ClrList] 2nd L1, 2nd L2 , 2nd L3 , 2nd L4 , 2nd L5 , 2nd L6 ENTER to clear all data lists.
  • Page 24 I.5.3 Regression Line: The TI-82 calculates the slope and intercept for the line that best fits all the data. The TI-82 can calculate regression lines in two equivalent forms. After the data points have been entered, press STAT 5 [LinReg(ax + b)] ENTER to calculate a linear regression model with the slope named a intercept named b (Figure I.71).
  • Page 25 I.6 Matrices I.6.1 Making a Matrix: The TI-82 can display and use five different matrices (A through E). Here’s how to store this matrix in your calculator. Press MATRX to see the matrix menu (Figure I.73); then press or just to switch to the matrix EDIT menu.
  • Page 26 *row+(scalar, matrix, row1, row2). Technology Tip: Note that your TI-82 does not store a matrix obtained as the result of any row operations. So when you need to perform several row operations in succession, it is a good idea to store the result of each one in a temporary place.
  • Page 27 First enter this augmented matrix as in your TI-82 : Next store this matrix in (press MATRX 1 STO MATRX 5 ENTER) so you may keep the original in case you need to recall it. Here are the row operations and their associated keystrokes. At each step, the result is stored in replaces the previous matrix The matrix in row-echelon form is shown in Figure I.79.
  • Page 28 Continue to use each answer as in the next calculation. Here are keystrokes to accomplish this iteration on TI-82 calculator (see the results in Figure I.82). Notice that when you use ANS in place of in a formula, it is sufficient to press ENTER to continue an iteration.
  • Page 29 4 ENTER. You can also define the sequence recursively with the TI-82 by selecting Seq in the MODE menu (see Figure I.1). Once again, let’s find the 18th term of an arithmetic sequence whose first term is 7 and whose common difference is 4.
  • Page 30 I.8 Parametric and Polar Graphs I.8.1 Graphing Parametric Equations: The TI-82 plots up to six pairs of parametric equations as easily as it plots functions. In the MODE menu (Figure I.1), go to the fourth line from the top, and change the setting to Par.
  • Page 31 ) ENTER to display the coordinate (see Figure I.90). I.8.3 Graphing Polar Equations: The TI-82 graphs polar functions in the form In the fourth line of the MODE menu, select Pol for polar graphs. You may now graph up to six different polar functions at a time.
  • Page 32 If you purchase a single lottery ticket, your probability of winning is 1 in Press 1 ÷ 40 MATH 3 6 ENTER to calculate your chances, but don’t be disappointed. I-32 TI-82 Graphics Calculator Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
  • Page 33 25, 20, 18, 89, 17, 24, 23, 22, 25, 93 To find the total points earned by the student, first enter the data using the TI-82’s list editor, as shown in Figure I.94. Then press 2nd LIST 5 2ND ENTER.
  • Page 34 In the program, each line begins with a colon : supplied automatically by the calculator. Any command you could enter directly in the TI-82’s home screen can be entered as a line in a program. There are also special programming commands.