Appendix A Glossary - ATTO Technology FastFrame NQ41 Installation And Operation Manual

Some terms used in the Network Interface industry are defined below. More information is available through the
ATTO Technology website (www.attotech.com) and the Storage Area Networking Industry Association
(www.snia.org).
Term Definition
ANSI American National Standards Institute
BER Bit Error Rate: a measure of transmission accuracy; the ratio of bits received in error to bits sent
bit smallest unit of data a computer can process: a single binary digit with a value of either 0 or 1
bus a collection of unbroken signal lines used to transmit information from one part of a computer
system to another; taps on the lines connect devices to the bus
byte an ordered set of 8 bits
channel a point-to-point link which transports data from one point to another
CPU Central Processing Unit: the portion of the computer that actually performs computations
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check: an error-correcting code which calculates a numeric value for received
and transmitted data; if no error has occurred during transmission, the CRC for both received and
transmitted data should be the same
device driver a program that allows a microprocessor to direct the operation of a peripheral device
DMA Direct Memory Access: a way to move data from a storage device directly to RAM without using
the CPU's resources
DMA bus master allows a peripheral to control the flow of data to and from system memory by block as opposed to
allowing the processor to control the data by bytes (PIO or programmed I/O)
full-duplex a communication protocol which allows transmission in both directions at the same time
half duplex a communication protocol which allows transmission in both directions, but only one direction at a
time
host a processor, usually a CPU and memory, which communicates with devices over an interface
initiator device a component which originates a command
LED Light-emitting diode: a type of diode that emits light when current passes through it; visible LEDs
are used as indicator lights on all sorts of electronic devices
LUN Logical Unit Number: an identifier for a logical unit (0-7)
MAC Media Access Controller
MAC Address A unique address assigned to an ethernet device
multi-mode fiber an optical fiber which can carry several beams of light at once
N_port a port attached to a node used with point to point or fabric configurations
originator an initiating device; a component which originates a command
parity checking a method which verifies the accuracy of data transmitted over the SCSI bus by adding one bit in
the transfer to make the sum of all the bits either odd or even (for odd or even parity); an error
message occurs if the sum is not correct
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect. Allows peripherals to be connected directly to computer
memory, bypassing the slower ISA and EISA busses
point-to-point a topology where two ports communicate
Port an access point in a device: see N_port, NL_port, etc.
port address also port number; the address, assigned by the PCI bus, through which commands are sent to a
host adapter board
port number see port address
RDMA Remote Direct Memory Access
i ATTO Technology Inc. FastFrame NIC Installation and Operation Manual

Appendix A Glossary