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Summary of Contents for Dynali H2S
- Page 1 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY 10, rue de la science,1400 - Nivelles Belgique Tel : +32 (0) 67 55 29 98 Fax : +32 (0) 67 84 05 31 Mail : info@dynali.com _________________________________________________________________________ FLIGHT MANUAL Kit helicopter Ref : DYNH2S/01/01/T01...
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Page 2: Dynali H2S January
DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Copyright © by Dynali Helicopter Company, Nivelles, Belgium This document is protected by copyright. All associated rights, in particular those of translation, reprinting, web transmission, reproduction by photo-mechanical or similar means and storing in data processing facilities, in whole or part, are reserved. - Page 3 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION RECORD OF REVISIONS The validity of this flight manual is dependent on the punctuality with which it is updated. The signature of the person responsible for the assembly of the kit provides a guarantee of updates for himself and for other users.
- Page 4 CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFIC TO LIGHT HELICOPTERS - Low inertia of the rotor (this is not the case with the Dynali H2S). - Rotor rocking ; sudden movement of the cyclic stick or certain flight conditions with light loading may cause the rotor to rock to the limit, which may cause fracture of the rotor mast (mast bumping).
- Page 5 Auto-rotation training should be undertaken over a known surface and under favourable conditions, mass, light headwind, temperature. If you are flying solo (and unless you are undergoing instruction by a Dynali H2S qualified instructor), limit autorotation exercises and open the throttle at 150ft. Avoid sudden inputs to the controls.
- Page 6 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Veterans beware! Almost half of all light helicopter accidents occur with pilots unaccustomed to these types but who have more than 1000 hours flying time on larger machines.
- Page 7 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ less than 100ft/min on a short final taking care to monitor the power progressively prior to hover (it is worth noting that at the correct power calculated for hover already set at 10ft from the ground, the helicopter will settle by inertia at the correct height for the hover, i.e.
- Page 8 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ To avoid doubt when to increase or decrease fuel flow, MORE FINGERS = MORE FUEL (meaning the side of the throttle grip where the four fingers are placed)
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Page 9: Table Of Contents
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 –GENERAL…………………..……………………………………………..11 1.1. CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE…………………………………………………………..14 1.2. DESCRIPTIVE DATA…………………………………………………………………………..…………14 1.3. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – MISCELLANEOUS…………………………………….……16 1.4. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – PERFORMANCE…………………………………………..16 1.5. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – MASS AND BALANCE…………………………….……….17 1.6. - Page 10 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 4 – NORMAL PROCEDURES………………………………………………35 4.1. NORMAL OPERATING SPEED…………………………………………………………………………36 4.2. PREFLIGHT INSPECTION AND CHECKS…………………………………………………………..36 4.3. CHECKLISTS : WARNINGS……………………………………………………………………………..37 4.4. ENGINE START…………………………………………………………………………………………...38 4.5. TAKEOFF…………………………………………………………………………………………………..38 4.6. CRUISE…………………………………………………………………………………………………….39 4.7. APPROACH AND LANDING……………………………………………………………………………..39 4.8.
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Page 11: Chapter 1 -General
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL 1.1. CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE 1.2. DESCRIPTIVE DATA 1.3. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – MISCELLANEOUS 1.4. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – PERFORMANCE 1.5. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – MASS AND BALANCING... - Page 12 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________...
- Page 13 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Instrument panel (Note: instrument panels vary according to specification and customer needs) 1 : Manifold pressure 19 : Free switch 2 : Airspeed indicator 20 : Transponder 3 : General warning...
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Page 14: Characteristics And Performance
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 1.1. CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE Dimensions Main rotor - Diameter ................... 7,16 m Number of blades ....................2 Anti-torque rotor - Diameter ................0,8 m Number of blades ....................8 Fuselage length .................... - Page 15 Main transmission shaft ........hardened stainless steel AISI 431 Diameter ....................... 35 mm Free wheels in upper pulley, number :..............2 Dynali main transmission box : ……....1 conic helicoid spiral type gear R=35 Rear transmission and rear transmission box Rear transmission by shaft. Cardan joint type coupling Rear rotor transmission shaft..
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Page 16: Abreviations And Definitions - Miscellaneous
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Main transmission oil Type .................... hypoid SAE 75/90 Capacity ......................2,5 L Rear transmission oil Type ................... hypoid SAE 70/90 Capacity ......................125 ml 1.3. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – MISCELLANEOUS... - Page 17 1.5. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – WEIGHT AND BALANCE Datum : Reference point for balancing As regards calculations, the Dynali design office has chosen the axis of the main rotor as the datum. Station : Distance from the datum point to the centre of gravity of a component.
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Page 18: Abreviations And Definitions - Conversion Table
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 1.6. ABREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS – CONVERSION TABLE UNITS Symbol Conversion Distance metre 1 m = 3.3 ft centimetre 1 cm = 0,01 m millimetre 1mm = 0,001 m... -
Page 19: Chapter 2 - Utilisation Limits
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 2 – UTILISATION LIMITS 2.1. GENERAL 2.2. COULOUR CODE FOR MARKINGS ON INSTRUMENTS 2.3. ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITS 2.4. SPEED LIMITS 2.5. MARKINGS ON AIRSPEED INDICATOR 2.6. LIMITS AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROTOR AND ENGINE REVS 2.7. - Page 20 Indicates limits of operation. The needle should not enter the red zone during normal operation. 2.3. ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITS Temperature Limits The Dynali H2S may be operated between -15 °C and +45 °C, except in icing or super- cooling conditions. Wind limits Start-up in steady wind Headwind .......................
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Page 21: Markings On Rotor And Engine Revs Counters
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Doors may be opened in flight up to.......... 30 km/h ....16 kts 2.5. MARKING ON THE AIRSPEED INDICATOR Green line (Vpm)............110 km/h ....60 kts Green arc ...............90 à 185 km/h ..50 à 100 kts Red line (VNE) ............... -
Page 22: Vibrations And Harmonics
On startup, while the engine revs are increasing, momentary vibrations occur between 270 and 310 RPM. These engine rev levels should be passed without delay. In normal flight, the Dynali H2S is not vibrating at all. 2.9. LIMITATIONS ON THE SUBARU DS EJ25 ENGINE... -
Page 23: Markings On Engine Instruments
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 2.11. LIMITATIONS RELATING TO FUEL Type of fuel Regular fuel............ 95 or 98 automobile gasoline octane Occasional fuel .............. AVGAS 100 LL or Ethanol Note : AVGAS 100LL or Ethanol may be used as regular fuel provided that the injectors are modified. - Page 24 CNSK, CNRA, LSA, experimental, amateur built or other national regulatory systems. Dynali can supply all documentation required by certifying authorities Depending on the agreements reached in each country concerned, the H2S may fly at night and even under IFR conditions with special equipment (control panel lighting, navigation lights, strobe lights, two artificial horizons, (1 pneumatic, 1 electrical) landing light, mode C transponder, VHF radio, distress beacon.
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Page 25: Limitations On Takeoff
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Turning and banking Banking between 10° and 45° (desirable range in normal use) It has been demonstrated that at a speed above 2/3 Vpm, or 40 kts, in a 45°... -
Page 26: Limitations On Landing On Slopes
You will reduce the risk of dynamic rollover. 2.17. LIMITATIONS TO LOAD FACTOR (mast bumping) AS WITH ALL TWO BLADE ROTOR HELICOPTERS, THE DYNALI H2S CAN NOT FLY WITH A ZERO OR NEGATIVE LOAD FACTOR AS THIS CAN RESULT IN A CONFIGURATION WHICH CAUSES MAST BUMPING. -
Page 27: Cockpit Placards
Flight with the governor out of service is authorised. In this event, the pilot must regulate the engine RPM manually. Note : The instructor responsible for issuing a Dynali H2S type rating must have included in his training program, several exercises involving a failure of the governor. - Page 28 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Speed limits (VNE) Altitudes below 1000 m (3000ft) VNE (with or without power) .......... 190 km/h ....102 kts Altitudes from 1000 to 1500 m (3000ft to 4500 ft) VNE (with or without power) ..........
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Page 29: Chapter 3 - Emergency Procedures
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 3 – EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.1. GENERAL 3.2. ENGINE FAILURE – GENERAL 3.3. ENGINE FAILURE ABOVE 500FT 3.4. ENGINE FAILURE AT LOW ALTITUDE 3.5. ENGINE FAILURE AT LOW ALTITUDE AND LOW SPEED 3.6. -
Page 30: General
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 3.1. GENERAL Speed provides your reserve of potential energy. Altitude 1m in hover ; absolutely avoid hovering above 2m (7ft). While in transition, speed and altitude are the keywords for safety. -
Page 31: Engine Failure At Low Altitude And Low Speed
Note : The H2S is equipped with a limiter for high motor RPM. Do not hesitate to give full throttle if you are worried about the governor failure which has just occurred as, by doing this, you will retain: •... -
Page 32: Engine Fire During Startup
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 3.10. FORCED DITCHING UNDER POWER Position in hover over water. • Unlock doors. • Evacuate passenger. • Move away from passenger downwind if the wind is strong (the passenger •... - Page 33 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 3.15. WARNING LIGHTS Red lights Low rotor RPM - warning horn 92% Action : lower the collective and twist the throttle grip through the governor to recover immediately the lost RPM.
- Page 34 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ In normal operation, the engine oil pressure should remain between 1,5 and 5 bar. The warning lights up if the oil pressure falls below 2 bar. Action : you should land without undue urgency or precipitation within 5 minutes.
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Page 35: Chapter 4 - Normal Procedures
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 4 – NORMAL PROCEDURES 4.1. NORMAL OPERATING SPEED 4.2. PREFLIGHT INSPECTION AND CHECKS 4.3. CHECKLISTS : WARNINGS 4.4. ENGINE START 4.5. TAKEOFF 4.6. CRUISE 4.7. APPROACH AND LANDING 4.8. -
Page 36: Normal Operating Speed
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 4.1. NORMAL OPERATING SPEED Vpm – Minimum power speed ........110 km/h ....60 kts Takeoff and climb speed..........110 km/h ....60 kts Optimal rate of climb ............110 km/h ....60 kts Economical level flight speed......... -
Page 37: Checklists : Warnings
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 4.3. CHECKLISTS : WARNINGS Never fly directly after a mechanical intervention. Check free movement of controls before start-up, check that all tools used during the maintenance have been removed. Start up in the usual way and remain on the ground for some time before taking off and transitioning with caution. -
Page 38: Takeoff
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 4.4. START-UP Seatbelts Fastened Doors Closed and locked Switch Governor Fuel Checked and calculated Weight and balance Checked and calculated Throttle Full idle Ignition Light indicators Check switched ON (charge, Press, low RPM... -
Page 39: Cruise
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 4.6. CRUISE Governor Check reliability Collective stick Trimmed Cyclic controls Do not release Instruments / Alarms Monitor External security Regular Altitude Min. 500ft Speed 80 to 90kts Monitor 4.7. -
Page 40: Autorotation
(still in non-skidding attitude) - THE INERTIA OF THE ROTOR OF THE H2S MUST BE MAINTAINED. - THE DESIRED SPEED DURING DESCENT AND AT THE MOMENT OF INITIATION OF THE FLARE MUST BE ABOVE VPM AND CLOSE TO 100 km/h –... -
Page 41: Engine Shutdown Procedure
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 4.9. ENGINE SHUT DOWN PROCEDURE After touchdown Decrease collective Collective Full idls Cyclic Neutral Rudder pedals Neutral Idle for 3 minutes T° Wait for decrease Instruments Ignition Do not leave the seat while the rotor is turning. -
Page 42: Chapter 5 - Performances
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 5 – PERFORMANCES 5.1. GENERAL 5.2. CALIBRATION OF AIRSPEED INDICATOR 5.3. ALTITUDE / DENSITY TABLE 5.4. CEILING FOR HOVER IN GROUND EFFECT 5.5. CEILING FOR HOVER OUTSIDE GROUND EFFECT 5.6. -
Page 43: General
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.1. GENERAL The agility of the helicopter has been demonstrated by crosswinds and tail winds of up to 35 kts at a mass of 700 kg on the ground VNE : 190 km/h –... -
Page 44: Calibration Of Airspeed Indicator
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.2. CALIBRATION OF AIRSPEED INDICATOR... -
Page 45: Altitude / Density Table
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.3. ALTITUDE / DENSITY TABLE... - Page 46 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.4. HOVER CEILING IN GROUND EFFECT...
- Page 47 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.5. HOVER CEILING OUTSIDE GROUND EFFECT...
- Page 48 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.6. DISTANCE / ALTITUDE RATIO UNDER AUTO-ROTATION This table has been established starting from hover outside ground effect - at 1000 , 2000 and 3000 m at the FE local FE of Maubeuge (3280,65 and 9843 ft).
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Page 49: Height Speed Diagram
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.7. HEIGHT SPEED DIAGRAMME... -
Page 50: Noise Level
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ 5.8. NOISE LEVEL Noise levels, determined under conditions set by article 6 of the decree of 19 /02/ 1987 (chapter 8 and appendix 4 of the second part of appendix 16), are as follows :... -
Page 51: Chapter 6 - Mass And Balance
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 6 – MASS AND BALANCE 6.1. GENERAL 6.2. MASS AND BALANCE 6.3. HELICOPTER LOADSHEET 6.4. LATERAL BALANCING... - Page 52 − the various lubricants − the unusable quantity of fuel (2,5L) The empty weight as well as the empty C.G. must be measured for each H2S helicopter once assembly is complete. There will be slight differences in the empty weight as well as the position of the C.G.
- Page 53 __________________________________________________________________________________ METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE EMPTY C.G. − Roll the H2S onto a round bar under the skids − The bar must be placed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis − Hold the helicopter with the mast vertical, in balance on the bar.
- Page 54 - Firstly determine the balance of your Dynali H2S. You should verify that the position of the C.G. of your Dynali H2S, at the moment of takeoff, is within the fore and aft balance limits. - You must also make sure that the takeoff weight of your Dynali H2S does not exceed the authorised Maximum Takeoff Weight of 700 kg.
- Page 55 60 kg minimum on the passenger seat. In hovering flight, at the limit of the aft balance, the Dynali H2S will be inclined 2° to the rear. At the forward balance limit, the H2S will be inclined 3° forward.
- Page 56 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Position of the centres of gravity of the various parts of the H2S...
- Page 57 DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ Mass/weight Distance % Moment Calculation of balance for your H2S datum [kg] [mm] [kg.mm] Empty weight* Left hand passenger ( !Put the heavier person on the left!) Right hand passenger Usable fuel (0.7 kg/l)(max 90L = 60...
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Page 58: Individual Weight Sheet
*Datum = axis of the rotor mast NOTES Empty C.G. measured at ………mm aft of the axis of the mast, i.e. forward, ** - exact** - aft** of the standard Dynali H2S C.G. (located 115 mm aft of the mast axis) * *delete where inapplicable... -
Page 59: Lateral Balancing
The Dynali H2S is equipped with dual controls. Except in solo flight when the pilot must be in the left hand seat, the Dynali H2S can be piloted from either the left or the right hand seat. In order to guarantee the airworthiness of the aircraft, the left hand side of the helicopter must always be heavier than the right. -
Page 60: Chapter 7 - Systems
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 7 – SYSTEMS 7.1. GENERAL 7.2. CABIN SHELL 7.3. UNDERCARRIAGE 7.4. MAIN ROTOR 7.5. REAR TURBINE OR ANTI-TORQUE ROTOR 7.6. TRANSMISSIONS 7.7. ENGINE 7.8. FLIGHT CONTROLS 7.9. ENGINE – CLUTCH – DRIVE BELTS... -
Page 61: General
7.2. CABIN SHELL The Dynali H2S is a single engine two-seater helicopter with a single main rotor, of primarily metallic construction and equipped with a skid type undercarriage. The highly resistant basic structure or the cell is made of stainless steel tubes to provide passive safety to the crew. -
Page 62: Transmissions
All controls are activated via shafts with maintenance free ball joint ends. The flight controls of the Dynali H2S operate in the same way as the controls of most other helicopters. The cyclic and the collective control the pitch of each blade via a cyclic teetering hinge. -
Page 63: Engine - Clutch - Drive Belts
Note : the control cables are not submitted to any special strain, a system of contra-rotating pinions neutralises the thrust efforts. 7.9. ENGINE - CLUTCH - DRIVE BELTS The H2S has an automatic centrifugal clutch. The drive belt tension is regulated by a floating tension spring. In the receiving pulley there are two free wheels. -
Page 64: Chapter 8 - Handling And Maintenance
DYNALI HELICOPTER COMPANY FLIGHT MANUAL Edition N°3 DYNALI H2S January 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 8 – HANDLING AND MAINTENANCE 8.1. GENERAL 8.2. REQUIRED DOCUMENTS 8.3. MAINTENANCE 8.4. MODIFICATIONS TO THE HELICOPTER 8.5. MANŒUVRES ON THE GROUND 8.6. PARKING AND TIEING DOWN 8.7. - Page 65 5. Log book 6. Civil responsibility insurance 8.3. MAINTENANCE All work must be noted in the appropriate log book supplied by Dynali with the document set. -Date on which the work has been performed. -Number of hours flight. -Description of the work and any comments...
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Page 66: Parking And Tieing Down
If a client wishes to modify his kit, he must show that he has established the appropriate contacts with Dynali Helicopter Company to be able to declare to the ministry of civil aviation that the aircraft, as modified, still complies with the conditions of airworthiness notified by the ministry when the kit was declared to be eligible.
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