MSI KM2M Combo User Manual page 85

MS-6738 Micro ATX Mainboard
contents of frequently accessed RAM locations and the addresses where these data
items are stored.
Chipset
A collection of integrated chips designed to perform one or more related functions. For
example, a modem chipset contains all the primary circuits for transmitting and receiv-
ing data; a PC chipset provides the electronic interfaces between all subsystems.
Clock Cycle
Clock cycle (or tick) is the smallest unit of time recognized by a device. For personal
computers, clock cycles generally refer to the main system clock, which runs at 66
MHz. This means that there are 66 million clock cycles per second. Since modern
CPUs run much faster (up to 533 MHz), the CPU can execute several instructions in a
single clock tick.
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)
CMOS is a widely used type of semiconductor, which features high speed and low
power consumption. PCs usually contain a small amount of battery-powered CMOS
memory to retain the date, time, and system setup parameters.
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
A most common type of computer memory. It usually uses one transistor and a
capacitor to represent a bit. As the development of technology, the memory type and
specification used in computer becomes variety, such as SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, and
RDRAM. For further instruction, please see the table below:
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Memory Technologies
Type
FPM (60,70ns)
EDO (50,60,70ns)
SDRAM (66MHz)
SDRAM (100MHz)
SDRAM (133MHz)
RDRAM (Direct Rambus)
DDR SDRAM (100MHz)
DDR SDRAM (133MHz)
* Memory channel width (64 bits started with 75MHz Pentium)
Source: Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
G-2
First Used Clock Rate
1990 25MHz
1994 40MHz
1996 66MHz
1998 100MHz
1999 133MHz
1999 400MHz
2000 100MHz
2000 133MHz
Peak
Bus* Width
Bandwidth
64 bits 200 MBps
64 bits 320 MBps
64 bits 528 MBps
64 bits 800 MBps
64 bits 1.1 GBps
16 bits 1.6 GBps
64 bits 1.6 GBps
64 bits 2.1 GBps
Volts
5v
5v
3.3v
3.3v
3.3v
2.5v
3.3v
3.3v