Perkins 1106A-70T Operation And Maintenance Manual page 47

SEBU8728
Sulfur
The level of sulfur is governed by emissions
legislations. Regional regulation, national regulations,
or international regulations can require a fuel with a
specific sulfur limit. The sulfur content of the fuel and
the fuel quality must comply with all existing local
regulations for emissions.
In some parts of the world and for some applications,
high sulfur fuels above 0.5% by mass might only be
available. Fuel with a high sulfur content can cause
engine wear. High sulfur fuel will have a negative
impact on emissions of particulates. High sulfur fuel
can be used if the local emissions legislation will
allow the use. High sulfur fuel can be used in
countries that do not regulate emissions.
When only high sulfur fuels are available, it will be
necessary that high alkaline lubricating oil is used in
the engine or that the lubricating oil change interval is
reduced. Refer to Operation and Maintenance
Manual, "Fluid Recommendations (Lubricant
Information)" for information on sulfur in fuel.
Lubricity
This is the capability of the fuel to prevent pump wear.
The lubricity of the fluid describes the ability of the
fluid to reduce the friction between surfaces that are
under load. This ability reduces the damage that is
caused by friction. Fuel injection systems rely on the
lubricating properties of the fuel. Until fuel sulfur limits
were mandated, the lubricity of the fuel was believed
to be a function of fuel viscosity.
The lubricity has particular significance to the current
low viscosity fuel, low sulfur fuel, and low aromatic
fossil fuel. These fuels are made in order to meet
stringent exhaust emissions.
The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed wear scar
diameter of 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch). The fuel lubricity
test must be performed on an HFRR, operated at
60 °C (140 °F). Refer to "ISO 12156-1".
NOTICE
The fuels system has been qualified with fuel having
lubricity up to 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) wear scar di-
ameter as tested by "ISO 12156-1". Fuel with higher
wear scar diameter than 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) will
lead to reduced service life and premature failure of
the fuel system.
In case of the fuels which do not meet specified
lubricity requirement appropriate lubricity additive can
be used to enhance the lubricity of the fuel.
Contact your fuel supplier for those circumstances
when fuel additives are required. Your fuel supplier
can make recommendations for additives to use and
for the proper level of treatment.
Distillation
This is an indication of the mixture of different
hydrocarbons in the fuel. A high ratio of light weight
hydrocarbons can affect the characteristics of
combustion.
Classification of the Fuels
Diesel engines have the ability to burn wide variety of
fuels. Below is a list of typically encountered fuel
specifications that have been assessed as to their
acceptability and are divided into following
categories:
Group 1: Preferred Fuels
The following fuel specifications are considered
acceptable.
Fuels meeting the requirements that are listed in the
table 15 .
"EN590 - Grades A to F and class 0 to 4"
"ASTM D975 Grade No. 1-D and 2-D"
"JIS K2204 Grades 1, 2 & 3 & Special Grade 3"
acceptable provided lubricity ware scar diameter
does not exceed of 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) as per
"ISO 12156-1" .
"BS2869 - Class A2 Off Highway Gas Oil, Red
Diesel"
Note: The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed
wear scar diameter of 0.46 mm (0.01811 inch) as per
"ISO 12156-1" . Refer to "Lubricity".
Group 2: Aviation Kerosene Fuels
Following kerosene and jet fuel specifications are
acceptable alternative fuels and may be used on a
contingency bases for emergency or continuous use,
where standard diesel fuel is not available and where
legislation allows their use:
"MIL-DTL-83133 NATO F34 (JP-8)"
"MIL-DTL-83133 NATO F35"
"MIL-DTL-5624 NATO F44 (JP-5)"
"MIL-DTL-38219 (USAF) (JP7)"
"NATO XF63"
"ASTM D1655 JET A"
"ASTM D1655 JET A1"
47
Refill Capacities
Fluid Recommendations