Diesel Fuel; Diesel Fuel Specifications - Yanmar 4TNV98 Service Manual

Diesel Fuel

Diesel Fuel Specifications

Diesel fuel should comply with the following
specifications. The table lists several worldwide
specifications for diesel fuels.
.
Diesel Fuel
Specification
No. 2-D, No. 1-D,
ASTM D975-94
EN590:96
ISO 8217 DMX
BS 2869-A1 or A2
JIS K2204 Grade No.
2
KSM-2610
GB252
Additional Technical Fuel Requirements
• The fuel cetane number should be equal to 45 or higher.
• The sulfur content must not exceed 0.5% by volume. Less
than 0.05% is preferred.
• Bio-Diesel fuels. See Bio-Diesel Fuels on page 4-9.
• NEVER mix kerosene, used engine oil, or residual fuels with
the diesel fuel.
• The water and sediment in the fuel should not exceed 0.05%
by volume.
• Keep the fuel tank and fuel-handling equipment clean at all
times.
• Poor quality fuel can reduce engine performance and / or
cause engine damage.
• Fuel additives are not recommended. Some fuel additives may
cause poor engine performance. Consult your Yanmar
representative for more information.
• The ash content must not exceed 0.01% by volume.
• The carbon residue content must not exceed 0.35% by volume.
Less than 0.1% is preferred.
Location
USA
European
Union
International
United
Kingdom
Japan
Korea
China
• The total aromatics content should not exceed 35% by volume.
Less than 30% is preferred.
• The PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) content should
be below 10% by volume.
• The metal content of Na, Mg, Si, and Al should be equal to or
lower than 1 mass ppm. (Test analysis method JPI-5S-44-95)
• Lubricity: The wear mark of WS1.4 should be Max. 0.018 in
(460 μm) at HFRR test.
Bio-Diesel Fuels
In Europe and in the United States, as well as some
other countries, non-mineral oil based fuel
resources such as RME (Rapeseed Methyl Ester)
and SOME (Soybean Methyl Ester), collectively
known as FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters), are
being used as extenders for mineral oil derived
diesel fuels.
Yanmar approves the use of bio-diesel fuels that do
not exceed a blend of 5% (by volume) of FAME with
95% (by volume) of approved mineral oil derived
diesel fuel. Such bio-diesel fuels are known in the
marketplace as B5 diesel fuels.
These B5 diesel fuels must meet certain
requirements.
1. The bio-fuels must meet the minimum
specifications for the country in which they
areused.
• In Europe, bio-diesel fuels must comply with the European
Standard EN14214.
• In the United States, bio-diesel fuels must comply with the
American Standard ASTM D-6751.
2. Bio-fuels should be purchased only from
recognized and authorized diesel fuel suppliers.
Section 1. Component Identification
12