Special Fuel Systems; Gas Systems; Gas Regulators - Kohler K482 Service Manual

Twin cylinder engine
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When p r o p e r l y i n s t a l l e d a n d m a i n t a i n e d , a g a s f u e l s y s t e m c a n b e j u s t a s s a f e a s a n y o t h e r fuel
While g a s a n d g a s o l i n e a r e b o t h highly v o l a t i l e a n d f l a m m a b l e , g a s p r e s e n t s a n a d d i t ~ o n a l
s y s t e m .
d a n g e r i n t h a t i t i s h e a v i e r t h a n a i r a n d t e n d s t o s e t t l e i n low a r e a s w h e r e e v e n t h e s l i g h t e s t s p a r k could
ignite t h e g a s .
B e c a u s e of t h i s , e x t r a p r e c a u t i o n s m u s t b e t a k e n t o i n s u r e s a f e t y w h e n u s i n g g a s a s a n
e n g i n e fuel.
T h e following p r e c a u t i o n s a r e o f f e r e d not t o d i s c o u r a g e t h e u s e o f g a s but r a t h e r a s
r e m i n d e r s t o e x e r c i s e c a r e i n t h e h a n d l l n g of g a s fuel.
l a w s g o v e r n i n g g a s s y s t e m s l e s s e n s t h e p o t e n t i a l d a n g e r s , good c o m m o n s e n s e i s t h e final s a f e g u a r d i n
i n s t a l l i n g , h a n d l i n g o r r e p a i r i n g e n g i n e s w i t h g a s fuel s y s t e m s .
I n s t a l l a t i o n a n d s u b s e q u e n t r e p a i r of g a s fuel s y s t e m s m u s t h e d o n e only by q u a l i f i e d g a s s y s t e m
t e c h n i c i a n s .
G a s m u s t n e v e r h e u s e d f o r p r e s s u r e t e s t i n g o f new o r r e b u i l t g a s e q u i p m e n t - - c o m p r e s s e d a i r
w i l l d o t h e job s a f e l y .
b l e e d g a s out of a n y p a r t of a g a s s y s t e m t o c h e c k f l o w of g a s o r w h e n a d j u s t i n g , f o r
e x a m p l e , g a s r e g u l a t o r s .
An e n g i n e w i t h a g a s f u e l s y s t e m m u s t n e v e r b e i n s t a l l e d o r o p e r a t e d i n a p o o r l y v e n t i l a t e d a r e a
w h e r e l e a k a g e of g a s could e n d a n g e r t h e s a f e t y o f building o c c u p a n t s o r p e r s o n s i n t h e vicinity.

GAS SYSTEMS

N a t u r a l g a s a n d l i q u e f i e d p e t r o l e u m g a s ( L P G ) s y s t e m s a r e u s e d o n the two c y l i n d e r e n g i n e s .
T h e s e s y s t e m s r e q u i r e s p e c i a l e q u i p m e n t including g a s c a r b u r e t o r s ( o r g a s o l i n e c a r b u r e t o r s with g a s
a d a p t e r s ) and p r i m a r y a n d s e c o n d a r y r e g u l a t o r s .
t h i s p r o v i d e s both p r i m a r y a n d s e c o n d a r y r e g u l a t i o n .
N a t u r a l g a s , a s s u p p l i e d f r o m m a i n t r a n s m i s s i o n l i n e s , i s n o r m a l l y r e c e i v e d a t p r e s s u r e s not
g r e a t e r t h a n 50 p o u n d s p e r s q u a r e i n c h ( p s i ) . With L P G ( b u t a n e o r p r o p a n e o r a m i x t u r e of the two
g a s e s ) t h e p r e s s u r e m a y g o a s h i g h a s 180- 200 p s i depending on t h e m i x t u r e a n d the p r e v a i l i n g t e m p e r a -
t u r e s .
T o b e u s e d b y t h e e n g i n e , t h e p r e s s u r e m u s t h e r e d u c e d t o a b o u t 4 t o
T h e f u e l s u p p l i e r s h o u l d i n s u r e t h a t g a s p r e s s u r e i s s u f f i c i e n t t o o p e r a t e t h e p r i m a r y r e g u l a t o r .
I f p r e s s u r e d r o p s t o o low, t h e r e g u l a t o r m a y not function a t a l l .
v a p o r i z i n g p r e s s u r e e v e n a t t e m p e r a t u r e s down t o - 2 0 "
l i t t l e o r n o v a p o r p r e s s u r e when t h e t e m p e r a t u r e d r o p s t o f r e e z i n g o r 3 2 "
s u p p l i e r s u s u a l l y s u p p l y L P G o f h i g h e r b u t a n e c o n t e n t i n hot w e a t h e r b u t w i l l a l t e r t h i s t o a h i g h e r p e r -
c e n t a g e of p r o p a n e d u r i n g cold w e a t h e r .
m a y b e e n c o u n t e r e d i n c o l d w e a t h e r .
Two d i f f e r e n t t y p e s of L P G s y s t e m s a r e used.
v a p o r t h a t n o r m a l l y f o r m s i n t h e s p a c e a b o v e t h e Liquid f u e l i n t h e t a n k .
g a s f r o m Liquid to v a p o r , t h e m a x i m u m Liquid l e v e l is u s u a l l y h e l d a t a b o u t 80 o r
c a p a c i t y o f t h e t a n k .
enough t o s u s t a i n a d e q u a t e v a p o r i z a t i o n o f t h e fuel.
T h e o t h e r L P G s y s t e m i s t h e liquid w i t h d r a w a l s y s t e m .
t h e tank a n d i n t r o d u c e d into a v a p o r i z e r w h i c h i s mounted s o t h a t a i r h e a t e d b y t h e e n g i n e is u s e d t o
c h a n g e t h e liquid fuel i n t o v a p o r .
Since the g a s c a r b u r e t o r r e c e i v e s f u e l i n vapor s t a t e , it d o e s not h a v e t o p r o v i d e f u r t h e r v a p o r i -
zation a s d o e s a g a s o l i n e c a r b u r e t o r .
g a s to a i r u n d e r v a r y i n g l o a d a n d s p e e d c o n d i t i o n s .
on K o h l e r two c y l i n d e r e n g i n e s .
u s e s a d i a p h r a g m which i s a c t i v a t e d by p r e s s u r e d i f f e r e n t i a l .
v e n t u r i type c a r b u r e t o r , the g a s n o z z l e i s l o c a t e d a t t h e point of g r e a t e s t p r e s s u r e d r o p
a
inside t h e v e n t u r i .
T h i s c r e a t e s a s u c t i o n within that n o z z l e t h a t v a r i e s with changing r a t e of a i r flow
a n d c a u s e s a g r e a t e r v o l u m e of g a s t o b e m e t e r e d a t h e a v i e r l o a d s a n d a l o w e r v o l u m e a t l i g h t e r e n g i n e
load.

SPECIAL FUEL SYSTEMS

PRECAUTIONS
C o m p r e s s e d a i r should b e u s e d f o r t h e s e p u r p o s e s .
If t h i s r a t i o i s not c h a n g e d , s t a r t i n g a n d o p e r a t i n g d i f f i c u l t i e s
With t h i s s y s t e m , t h e t e m p e r a t u r e of t h e a i r s u r r o u n d i n g t h e t a n k m u s t b e high
T h e u s u a l r e g u l a t o r y e q u i p m e n t m u s t a l s o b e u s e d w i t h t h i s s y s t e m .
The g a s c a r b u r e t o r t h e r e f o r e s e r v e s only to c o n t r o l the r a t i o of
One type u t i l i z e s the v e n t u r i a n d nozzle s y s t e m while t h e o t h e r type
While a d h e r e n c e t o f e d e r a l , s t a t e a n d l o c a l
I n s o m e a p p l i c a t i o n s , a 2 - s t a g e r e g u l a t o r i s u s e d - -
While p r o p a n e t e n d s t o m a i n t a i n s o m e
F.,
b u t a n e r e t u r n s t o liquid s t a t e a n d o f f e r s
One s y s t e m , t h e v a p o r w i t h d r a w a l s y s t e m , u t i l i z e s
On t h i s t y p e , liquid fuel is d r a w n out of
T h e r e a r e two b a s i c t y p e s of g a s c a r b u r e t o r s u s e d
6
o u n c e s p e r s q u a r e inch.
F o r t h i s r e a s o n , f u e l
T o a l l o w f o r e x p a n s i o n of t h e
90
p e r c e n t of t h e t o t a l

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