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ProxyServer User Guide
Channel: A data communications path between two computer devices. Can refer to a physical medium (e.g., UTP or coax),
or to a specific carrier frequency.
Channel Bank: A device that acts as a converter, taking the digital signal from the T1 line into a phone system and
converting it to the analog signals used by the phone system. A channel bank acts as a multiplexer, placing many slow-
speed voice or data transactions on a single high-speed link.
Circuit-switched Network: A technology used by the PSTN that allocates a pair of conductors for the exclusive use of one
communication path. Circuit switching allows multiple conversations on one talk path only if the end-users multiplex the
signals prior to transmission.
Circuit Switching: The temporary connection of two or more communications channels using a fixed, non-shareable path
through the network. Users have full use of the circuit until the connection is terminated.
Clear Channel: A transmission path where the full bandwidth is used (i.e., no bandwidth needed for signaling, carrier
framing or control bits). A 64K bps digital circuit usually has 8K bps used for signaling. ISDN has two 64K bps circuits, and a
16K bps packet service of which part is used for signaling on the 64K channels.
Client-Server: In TCP/IP, the model of interaction in distributed data processing in which a program at one site sends a
request to a program at another site and awaits a response. The requesting program is called a client; the answering
program is called a server.
Cluster Controller: A device that can control the input/output operations of more than one device connected to it. A cluster
controller may be controlled by a program stored and executed in the unit, or it may be entirely controlled by hardware.
Committed Burst Size: The maximum number of bits that the frame relay network agrees to transfer during any
measurement interval.
Committed Information Rate (CIR): An agreement a customer makes to use a certain minimum data transmission rate (in
bps). The CIR is part of the frame relay service monthly billing, along with actual usage, that users pay to their frame relay
service provider.
Compression: 1. The process of eliminating gaps, empty fields, redundancies, and unnecessary data to shorten the length
of records or blocks. 2. In SNA, the replacement of a string of up to 64-repeated characters by an encoded control byte to
reduce the length of the data stream to the LU-LU session partner. The encoded control byte is followed by the character
that was repeated (unless that character is the prime compression character). 3. In Data Facility Hierarchical Storage
Manager, the process of moving data instead of allocated space during migration and recall in order to release unused
space. 4. Contrast with decompression.
COMx Port: A serial communications port on a PC.
congestion: A network condition where there is too much data traffic. The ITU I.233 standard defines congestion
managemennt in terms of speed and burstiness.
congestion notification: The function in frame relay that ensures that user data transmitted at a rate higher than the CIR
are allowed to slow down to the rate of the available network bandwidth.
Consecutive Severely Errored Seconds (CSES): An error condition that occurs when from 3 to 9 SES (Severely Errored
Seconds) are logged consecutively.
Customer Premise Equipment (CPE): The generic term for data comm and/or terminal equipment that resides at the user
site and is owned by the user with the following exclusions: Over voltage protection equipment, inside wiring, coin operated
or pay telephones, "company-official" equipment, mobile telephone equipment, "911" equipment, equipment necessary for
the provision of communications for national defense, or multiplexing equipment used to deliver multiple channels to the
customer.
D
D4: the T1 4th generation channel bank.
D4 channelization: Refers to the compliance with AT&T TR 62411 for DS1 frame layout.
D4 framing: The T1 format for framing in AT&T D-Series channel banks, in which there are 12 separate 193-bit frames in a
super-frame. A D4 framing bit is used to identify the channel and the signaling frame. Signalling for voice channels is
carried in-band for every channel, along with the encoded voice. See "robbed-bit signaling".
Data Communications Equipment (DCE): Any device which serves as the portal of entry from the user equipment to a
telecommunications facility. A modem is a DCE for the telephone network (PSTN) that is commonly on site at the user's
premises. Packet Switched Networks have another level of DCE which is most often located at a central office.
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI): One of the six components of a frame relay frame. Its purpose is to distinguish
separate virtual circuits across each access connection. Data coming into a frame relay node is thus allowed to be sent
across the interface to the specified "address". The DLCI is confirmed and relayed to its destination, or if the specification is
in error, the frame is discarded.
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MTPSR3-200
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