Glossary - TrekStor vibez 12GB User Manual

20) Glossary

Bit rate (bps, kbps, Bit/s): data rate within a given time unit (e.g. kbps = kilobits per second). In the context of music
files, this value often represents their technical quality: the lower the bit rate, the poorer the sound. However, a higher
bit rate also correlates with a larger file size.
Bps: abbreviation for "b
its per seCoNd
DRM (Digital Rights Management): a technical procedure which enables music files to be configured so that
certain functions are made unavailable. This can prevent, for example, burning DRM-protected WMA files to a CD.
Many download shops (Napster for instance) use DRM as a kind of copy protection.
FLAC: Free Lossless Audio Codec, a free-of-loss Audio Codec. It is available for free and is not limited in usage by any
software patents.
FM: abbreviation for frequency modulation; often compared incorrectly with UKW in Germany, because the FM process
is only set to frequencies in the UKW (VHF) range due to its large bandwidth.
ID3 tag: additional information at the end of an MP3 file which includes information about title of track, artist, album
and year of release.
MP3: abbreviation for "Mpeg-1 a
for the compression of audio data, because MP3 files are up to ten times smaller than their respective originals in
WAV format, while delivering the same quality – to the effect that instead of 10 MB, a minute of music requires only
1 MB of memory. Music in MP3 format can easily be stored and organized on memory cards and hard disks. Despite
the significantly low data volume, the sound quality is very high. The MP3 format was developed by the Fraunhofer
Society for the Advancement of Applied Research (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung angewandter Forschung e. V.)
in Erlangen, Germany.
MTP: in autumn 2004, Microsoft and Canon presented their Media Transfer Protocol (MTP), which permits commu-
nication between electronic devices. This way, and by means of the corresponding software, e. g. audio data can be
loaded to MTP-compatible MP3 players without additional drivers.
OGG: a file format which may include audio, video, and / or text data. The most widely known codec in this context
is the audio codec called Vorbis, which the OGG is often confused with or seen as a unit, although OGG serves as a
container of Vorbis-encoded content.
OGG Vorbis: often just called Vorbis; a free codec for loss-risking audio compression. The format supports up to
255 channels with variable bit rate and is capable of streaming.
PCM (Puls Code Modulation): a type of modulation in which an analogous signal is encoded binarily.
USB (Universal Serial Bus): a bus system for connecting peripheral devices to a computer. A USB port requires little
space and can supply current to small devices such as mice, telephones, keyboards or MP3 players.
VU: VU-Meter = Volume Unit Meter – an analogous level control tool for playback devices which is often rebuilt in
computer software because of its increased clearness.
WAV: derived from "
". WAV is an uncompressed file format for audio data such as those included on a music CD.
waVe
Windows also saves digital sounds in WAV format as standard. As this is done without compression, the files can be
fairly large, but they also provide a very good sound quality. WAV files can be converted into MP3 format.
WMA (Windows Media Audio): Microsoft®'s compressed audio format is rivaled by the formats AAC and MP3 and is
often offered by commercial download portals in connection with DRM.
For further information on MP3 terminology, please refer to: www.lunanova.de – the MP3 dictionary on the internet.
", which is the speed at which data is processed through a circuit.
l 3", where MPEG stands for "M
udio ayer
p e
oViNg iCture xperts
– 67 –
g ". Was developed
roup
EN