Systems Operation Section; General Information; Introduction - Perkins 1204F-E44TA Systems Operation Testing And Adjusting

4

General Information

Systems Operation Section

General Information

Introduction

The 1204F-E44TA and 1204F-E44TTA diesel
engines are electronically controlled. The 1204F-
E44TA and 1204F-E44TTA engines have an
Electronic Control Module (ECM) that receives
signals from the fuel injection pump and other
sensors in order to control the electronic unit injector.
The fuel injection pump supplies fuel to the high-
pressure manifold (Rail). The high-pressure manifold
(Rail) distributes fuel to the electronic unit injectors.
The four cylinders are arranged in-line. The cylinder
head assembly has two inlet valves and two exhaust
valves for each cylinder. The ports for the exhaust
valves are on the right side of the cylinder head. The
ports for the inlet valves are on the left side of the
cylinder head. Each cylinder valve has a single valve
spring.
Each cylinder has a piston cooling jet that is installed
in the cylinder block. The piston cooling jet sprays
engine oil onto the inner surface of the piston in order
to cool the piston. The pistons have a Quiescent or a
Re-entrant combustion chamber in the top of the
piston in order to achieve clean exhaust emissions.
The piston pin is off-center in order to reduce the
noise level.
The pistons have two compression rings and an oil
control ring. The groove for the top ring has a hard
metal insert in order to reduce wear of the groove.
The skirt has a layer of graphite in order to reduce the
risk of seizure when the engine is new. The correct
piston height is important in order to ensure that the
piston does not contact the cylinder head. The
correct piston height also ensures the efficient
combustion of fuel which is necessary in order to
conform to requirements for emissions.
The crankshaft has five main bearing journals. End
play is controlled by thrust washers which are located
on both sides of the number 3 main bearing.
The timing case is made of aluminum or cast iron.
The timing gears are stamped with timing marks in
order to ensure the correct assembly of the gears.
When the number 1 piston is at the top center
position of the compression stroke, the marked teeth
on the idler gear will align with the marks that are on
the fuel injection pump gear, the camshaft gear, and
the gear on the crankshaft. There are no timing
marks on the rear face of the timing case.
This document has been printed from SPI2. NOT FOR RESALE
The crankshaft gear turns the idler gear which then
turns the following gears:
• the camshaft gear
• the accessory drive gear (if equipped)
i05934599
• the fuel injection pump gear
• the water pump gear
The camshaft runs at half the rpm of the crankshaft.
The fuel injection pump runs at the same rpm as the
crankshaft.
The fuel injection pump that is installed on the left
side of the engine is gear-driven from the timing
case. The fuel is transferred to the fuel injection
pump by an external electric transfer pump. The
electric transfer pump draws fuel across a suction
strainer that supplies fuel to the primary fuel filter and
the secondary fuel filter. The fuel then travels to the
fuel injection pump. A pressure regulator that is
installed in the low-pressure fuel system controls the
fuel pressure to the fuel injection pump. The pressure
regulator regulates the fuel at an absolute pressure
of 150 kPa (22 psi) when the engine is at idle speed.
The fuel injection pump increases the fuel to a
maximum pressure of 200 MPa (2900 psi). The fuel
injection pump delivers the fuel to the high-pressure
manifold (Rail). The fuel injection pump is not
serviceable. The engine uses speed sensors and the
Electronic Control Module to control the engine
speed.
For the specifications of the 1204F engine, refer to
the Specifications, "Engine Design".
The following model views show a typical 1204F
engine. Due to individual applications, your engine
may appear different from the illustrations.
UENR4490-01