System Operation - Daikin M Series Service And Troubleshooting

SYSTEM OPERATION

Cooling
The refrigerant used in the system is R-410A. It is a clear,
colorless, non-toxic and non-irritating liquid. R-410A is a
50:50 blend of R-32 and R-125. The boiling point at atmo-
spheric pressure is -62.9°F.
A few of the important principles that make the refrigeration
cycle possible are: heat always flows from a warmer to a
cooler body. Under lower pressure, a refrigerant will absorb
heat and vaporize at a low temperature. The vapors may
be drawn off and condensed at a higher pressure and
temperature to be used again.
The indoor evaporator coil functions to cool and dehumidify
the air conditioned spaces through the evaporative process
taking place within the coil tubes.
NOTE: The pressures and temperatures shown in
the refrigerant cycle illustrations on the following
pages are for demonstration purposes only. Actual
temperatures and pressures are to be obtained from
the "Expanded Performance Chart".
Liquid refrigerant at condensing pressure and
temperatures, (270 psig and 122°F), leaves the outdoor
condensing coil through the drier and is metered into the
indoor coil through the metering device. As the cool, low
pressure, saturated refrigerant enters the tubes of the
indoor coil, a portion of the liquid immediately vaporizes.
It continues to soak up heat and vaporizes as it proceeds
through the coil, cooling the indoor coil down to about 48°F.
Heat is continually being transferred to the cool fins and
tubes of the indoor evaporator coil by the warm system air.
This warming process causes the refrigerant to boil. The
heat removed from the air is carried off by the vapor.
As the vapor passes through the last tubes of the coil, it
becomes superheated. That is, it absorbs more heat than
is necessary to vaporize it. This is assurance that only
dry gas will reach the compressor. Liquid reaching the
compressor can weaken or break compressor valves.
The compressor increases the pressure of the gas, thus
adding more heat, and discharges hot, high pressure
super-heated gas into the outdoor condenser coil.
In the condenser coil, the hot refrigerant gas, being
warmer than the outdoor air, first loses its superheat by
heat transferred from the gas through the tubes and fins
of the coil. The refrigerant now becomes saturated, part
liquid, part vapor and then continues to give up heat until
it condenses to a liquid alone. Once the vapor is fully
liquefied, it continues to give up heat which subcools the
liquid, and it is ready to repeat the cycle.
Heat Pump Models
Any time the room thermostat is switched to cool, the O
terminal is energized. This energizes the 24 volt coil on the
reversing valve and switches it to the cooling position.
When the contacts of the room thermostat close, this
closes the circuit from R to Y and R to G in the unit.
This energizes the compressor contactor and will energize
the EEM indoor blower motor after a 6-second delay.
When the thermostat is satisfied, it opens its contacts
breaking the low voltage circuit causing the compressor
contactor to open and indoor fan to stop after the
programmed 60 second off delay on the EEM motor.
If the room thermostat fan selector switch should be set
to the "on" position then the indoor blower would run
continuous rather than cycling with the compressor.
Heating/ Gas & L.P.
The heating cycle is accomplished by using a unique
tubular design heat exchanger which provides efficient gas
heating on either natural gas or propane gas fuels. The
heat exchangers compact tubular construction provides
excellent heat transfer for maximum operating efficiency.
Inshot type gas burners with integral cross lighters are
used eliminating the need for adjustable air shutters.
The same burner is designed for use on either natural or
propane gas fuels.
The induced draft blower draws fuel and combustion air
into the burners and heat exchanger for proper combustion.
A pressure switch is used in conjunction with the I. D.
blower to detect a blocked flue condition.
Blower operation is controlled by the ignition control
module. The module allows for field adjustment of the
blower delay at the end of the heating cycle. The range of
adjustment is for 90, 120, 150 or 180 seconds. The factory
delay setting is 30 seconds delay on 150 seconds delay off.
Direct Spark Ignition (DSI) Systems
A/GPDM3 units are equipped with a direct spark ignition
system. Ignition is provided by 22,000 volt electronic spark.
A flame sensor then monitors for the presence of flame and
closes the gas valve if flame is lost.
HEATING CYCLE
Gas Heating
On a call for first stage heat, the contacts of the room
thermostat close. This energizes terminals R to Y and R
to G, the low voltage circuit to the contactor is completed
starting the compressor and outdoor fan motor. This also
energizes the EEM motor after approximately 6-seconds.
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