Hints On Combustion; Nozzles; Flame Shape; Fuel Leaks/Air Leaks - Burnham V7 SERIES Installation & Operating Instructions Manual

recommended boil out compound.
iii. Replace safety relief valve.
iv. Fill the entire system with water.
v. Start firing the boiler.
vi. Circulate the water through the entire
system.
vii. Vent the system, including the radiation.
viii. Allow boiler water to reach operating
temperature, if possible.
ix. Continue to circulate the water for a few
hours.
x. Stop firing the boiler.
xi. Drain the system in a manner and to a
location that hot water can be discharged
with safety.
xii. Remove plugs from all available returns and
wash the water side of the boiler as
thoroughly as possible, using a high-
pressure water stream.
xiii. Refill the system with fresh water.
c. Add appropriate boiler water treatment
compounds as recommended by your qualified
water treatment company.
d. Make pH or Alkalinity Test.
After boiler and system have been cleaned and
refilled as previously described, test the pH of
the water in the system. This can easily be done
by drawing a small sample of boiler water and
testing with hydrion paper which is used in the
same manner as litmus paper, except it gives
specific readings. A color chart on the side of
the small hydrion dispenser gives the reading
pH. Hydrion paper is inexpensive and
obtainable from any chemical supply house or
thru your local druggist. The pH should be
higher than 7 but lower than 11. Add
appropriate water treatment chemicals, if
necessary, to bring the pH within the specified
range. With this lower level of protection, care
must be exercised to eliminate all of the free
oxygen in the system.
e. Boiler is now ready to be put into service.
O. HINTS ON COMBUSTION
1. NOZZLES — Although the nozzle is a relatively
inexpensive device, its function is critical to the
successful operation of the oil burner. The selection
of the nozzle supplied with the V7 boiler is the
result of extensive testing to obtain the best flame
shape and efficient combustion. Other brands of the
same spray angle and spray pattern may be used but
may not perform at the expected level of CO
smoke. Nozzles are delicate and should be protected
from dirt and abuse. Nozzles are mass-produced
and can vary from sample to sample. For all of
those reasons a spare nozzle is a desirable item for
a serviceman to have.
2. FLAME SHAPE — Looking into the combustion
chamber through the observation door, the flame
should appear straight with no sparklers rolling up
toward the crown of the chamber. If the flame drags
to the right or left, sends sparklers upward or makes
wet spots on the target wall, the nozzle should be
replaced. If the condition persists look for fuel
leaks, air leaks, water or dirt in the fuel as
described above.
3. FUEL LEAKS — Any fuel leak between the pump
and the nozzle will be detrimental to good
combustion results. Look for wet surfaces in the air
tube, under the ignitor, and around the air inlet.
Any such leaks should be repaired as they may
cause erratic burning of the fuel and in the extreme
case may become a fire hazard.
4. AIR LEAKS — Any such leaks should be repaired,
as they may cause erratic burning of the fuel and in
extreme cases may become a fire hazard.
5. GASKET LEAKS — If 11.5 to 12.5% CO
#1 smoke cannot be obtained in the breeching, look
for air leaks around the burner mounting gasket,
observation door, and canopy gasket. Such air leaks
will cause a lower CO
The smaller the firing rate the greater effect an air
leak can have on CO
6. DIRT — A fuel filter is a good investment.
Accidental accumulation of dirt in the fuel system
can clog the nozzle or nozzle strainer and produce a
poor spray pattern from the nozzle. The smaller the
firing rate, the smaller the slots become in the
nozzle and the more prone to plugging it becomes
with the same amount of dirt.
7. WATER — Water in the fuel in large amounts will
stall the fuel pump. Water in the fuel in smaller
amounts will cause excessive wear on the pump, but
more importantly water doesn't burn. It chills the
flame and causes smoke and unburned fuel to pass
out of the combustion chamber and clog the
flueways of the boiler.
8. COLD OIL — If the oil temperature approaching
the fuel pump is 40°F or lower poor combustion or
delayed ignition may result. Cold oil is harder to
atomize at the nozzle. Thus, the spray droplets get
larger and the flame shape gets longer. An outside
fuel tank that is above grade or has fuel lines in a
shallow bury is a good candidate for cold oil. The
best solution is to bury the tank and lines deep
enough to keep the oil above 40°F.
9. HIGH ALTITUDE INSTALLATIONS
and
2
Air openings must be increased at higher altitudes.
Use instruments and set for 11.5 to 12.5% CO
27
with a
2
reading in the breeching.
2
readings.
2
.
2