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CRAY-1
User Manuals: Cray CRAY-1 Supercomputer
Manuals and User Guides for Cray CRAY-1 Supercomputer. We have
2
Cray CRAY-1 Supercomputer manuals available for free PDF download: Hardware Reference Manual, Reference Manual
Cray CRAY-1 Hardware Reference Manual (216 pages)
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Brand:
Cray
| Category:
Desktop
| Size: 9 MB
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
5
Introduction
12
Memory Section
12
Input/Output Section
12
Exchange Package/Format for Memory Transfer Instructions
14
Basic Computer System
20
Vector Processing
24
Physical Organization
27
Introduction
29
General Chassis Layout
31
Modules
32
Clock
32
Primary Power System
33
Cooling
34
Maintenance Control Unit
34
Front-End Computer
35
External Interface
35
Mass Storage Subsystem
36
Characteristics of a 00-19 Disk Storage Unit
36
Computation Section
37
Computation Section
39
Introduction
39
Register Conventions
41
Operating Registers
41
Registers
41
Register Reservations
43
Vector Control Registers
44
VL Register
44
VM Register
44
S Registers
45
A Registers
46
T Registers
46
B Registers
47
Functional Units
48
Address Functional Units
49
Address Add Unit
49
Address Multiply Unit
49
Scalar Functional Units
50
Scalar Add Unit
50
Scalar Shift Unit
50
Scalar Logical Unit
51
Population/Leading Zero Count Unit
51
Vector Functional Units
51
Vector Functional Unit Reservation
52
Recursive Characteristic of Vector Functional Units
52
Vector Add Unit
55
Vector Shift Unit
55
Vector Logical Unit
55
Floating Point Functional Units
56
Vector Population Count Unit
56
Floating Point Add Unit
56
Floating Point Multiply Unit
57
Arithmetic Operations
58
Integer Arithmetic
58
Integer Data Formats
58
Floating Point Arithmetic
59
Floating Point Data Format
59
Normalized Floating Point
60
Double Precision Numbers
62
Addition Algorithm
62
Multiplication Algorithm
63
Division Algorithm
66
Logical Operations
67
Instruction Issue and Control
68
P Register
68
NIP Register
68
Relationship of Instruction Buffers and Registers
68
LIP Register
70
Instruction Buffers
70
Exchange Mechanism
73
Xa Register
73
M Register
73
Exchange Package
73
F Register
75
Exchange Package
76
Memory Error Data
77
Active Exchange Package
78
Exchange Sequence
78
Initiated by Dead Start Sequence
79
Initiated by Interrupt Flag Set
79
Initiated by Program Exit
79
Exchange Sequence Issue Conditions
80
Exchange Package Management
81
Memory Field Protection
82
Ba Register
83
La Register
83
Dead Start Sequence
83
Instructions
85
Instruction Format
87
Arithmetic, Logical Format
87
General Format for Instructions
87
Shift, Mask Format
88
Immediate Constant Format
88
Format for Arithmetic and Logical Instructions
88
Memory Transfer Format
89
Format for Immediate Constant Instructions
89
Branch Format
90
Format for Memory Transfer Instructions
90
Two-Parcel Format for Branch Instructions
90
Instruction Issue
91
Special Register Values
91
Instruction Descriptions
92
Error Exit
93
0014Jk Programmable Clock Interrupt Functions
96
0021Xx Set Floating Point Mode Flag in M Register
99
0022Xx Clear Floating Point Mode Flag in M Register
99
004Xxx Normal Exit
101
005Xjk Branch to (Bjk)
102
006Ijkm Branch to Ijkm
103
011 I J Km
105
Branch to Ijkm if (Ao) to
105
014Ijkm Branch to Ijkm if (So)
106
020Ijkm Transmit Jkm to Ai
107
021 I J Km
107
022Ijk Transmit Jk to A.I
108
023Ijx Transmit (Sj) to Ai
109
025Ijk Transmit (Ai) to Bjk
110
026Ijo Population Count of (Sj) to Ai
111
027Ijx Leading Zero Count of (Sj) to Ai
112
032I J K Integer Product of (Aj) and (Ak) to Ai
114
033Ijk Transmit I/O Status to Ai
115
042Ijk Form 64 - Jk Bits of One's Mask in si from Right 043Ijk Form Jk Bits of One's Mask in si from Left
120
046Ijk Logical Difference of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
121
047I J K Logical Equivalence of (Sk) and Co~Plement of (Sk) to si
121
050I J K Scalar Merge
121
052Ijk Shift (Si) Left Jk Places to so
124
053I J K Shift (S I ) Right 64 - Jk Places to S
124
054I J K Shift (Si) Left Jk Places to si
124
055I J K Shift (S I ) Right 64 - Jk Places to si
124
056Ijk Shift (S I ) and (Sj) Left by (Ak) Places to si
125
060Ijk Integer Sum of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
126
061Ijk Integer Difference of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
126
062Ijk Floating Sum of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
127
063Ijk Floating Difference of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
127
064Ijk Floating Product of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
128
065Ijk Half-Precision Rounded Floating Product of (Sj) and
128
066Ijk Rounded Floating Product of (Sj) and (Sk) to si
128
067Ijk Reciprocal Iteration; 2 - (Sj) * (Sk) to si
128
070Ijx Floating Reciprocal Approximation of (Sj) to si
130
Ijk Transmit (Ak) or Normalized Floating Point Constant to si
131
072Ixx Transmit (RTC) to si
133
073Ixx Transmit (VM) to si
133
074Ijk Transmit (Tjk) to si
133
075Ijk Transmit (Si) to Tjk
133
076Ijk Transmit (Vj Element (Ak)) to si
134
077 I J K Transmit (Sj) to VI Element (Ak)
134
10Hijkm Read from ((Ah) + Jkm) to Ai
135
12Hijkm Read from ((Ah) + Jkm) to si
135
13Hijkm Store (Si) to (Ah) Jkm
135
140Ijk Logical Products of (Sj) and (Vk Elements) to
137
142Ijk Logical Sums of (Sj) and (Vk Elements) to VI Elements
137
143Ijk Logical Sums of (Vj Elements) and (Vk Elements) to
137
Elements
137
144Ijk Logical Differences of (Sj) and (Vk Elements) to
137
145Ijk Logical Differences of (Vj Elements) and
137
146Ijk if VM Bit = 1, Transmit (Sj) to VI Elements
137
If VM Bit = 0, Transmit (Vk Elements) to
137
To VI Elements
147
To VI Elements
149
VI Elements
149
Elements) to VI Elements
149
Ijk Logical Products of (Vj Elements) and (Vk Elements)
137
To VI Elements
137
160Ijk Floating Products of (Sj) and (Vk Elements) to
149
162Ijk Half-Precision Rounded Floating Products of (Sj)
149
And (Vk Elements) to VI Elements
149
163Ijk Half-Precision Rounded Floating Products of (Vj Elements) and (Vk Elements) to VI Elements
149
164I J K Rounded Floating Products of(Sj) and
149
165Ijk Rounded Floating Products F (V J Elements) and (Vk Elements) to VI Elements
149
166Ijk Reciprocal Iterations; 2 - (Sj) * (Vk Elements) to
149
Elements) to VI Elements
152
170Ijk Floating Sums of (Sj) and (Vk Elements) to
152
VI Elements
152
172Ijk Floating Differences of (Sj) and (Vk Elements) to
152
173Ijk Floating Differences of (Vj Elements) and (Vk Elements) to VI Elements
152
174Ijo Floating Point Reciprocal Approximations of
154
174Ij1 Population Counts of (Vj Elements) to VI Elements
156
174Ij2 Population Count Parities of (Vj Elements) to VI Elements
156
175Xj K Test (Vj Elements) and Enter Test Results into VM
157
176Ixk Transmit (VL) Words from Memory to VI Elements
159
Starting at Memory Address (Ao) and Incrementing
159
By (Ak) for Successive Addresses
159
177Xjk Transmit (VL) Words from Vj Elements to Memory
159
Memory Address; 16 Banks
166
Vector Memory Rate * 80 X 10 6 References Per Second
166
Memory Data Path with SECDED
168
Error Correction Matrix
169
Channel Word Assembly/Disassembly
174
Basic I/O Program Flow Chart
176
16-Bit High-Speed Asynchronous Input Channel Signal Exchange
183
16-Bit Synchronous Input Channel Signal Exchange
186
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Cray CRAY-1 Reference Manual (206 pages)
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Brand:
Cray
| Category:
Desktop
| Size: 5 MB
Table of Contents
Preface
3
Table of Contents
5
2 Kernel Tables and Queues
11
Buffer Memory
11
Allocate Table (Bbdisk Bb@) (Bbdal Bb@)
14
Buffer Memory
16
C Packet
17
Channel to Iop Conversion Table (Matt)
18
Crt Channel Table (Bcrt)
19
Crt Demon Interrupt Queue (Crtqu)
20
Crt I/Oqueues (Biqu/Boqu)
21
Crt Table (Tt@)
22
Dal Chain Descriptor (Edes)
24
Demons Index Table (Demons)
25
Disk Activity Link (Da@)
26
Disk Activity Link, Executable (Kd@/Da@)
28
Disk Activity Link, Master (Kd@/Da@)
31
Disk Control Block Table (Dccb)
35
Disk Control Block (DD@/Db@)
36
Disk Demon Queue (Diskq)
40
Disk Error Packet (De@)
41
Physical Unit Table (Put@)
43
Error Log Buffer Table (Errbuff)
44
Error Log Table (Errlog)
45
I/Obuffer Chain Descriptor (Ebuf)
51
I/Oprocessor ID Table (Eida)
52
Immediate Message Queue (Mimmq)
53
Immediate Tape Requests Queue (Timqu)
54
Output Channel Table (Cpo@)
56
Iop Message Channel Queues for Acom (Maaq)
57
Iop Message Channel Queues for Bcom (Mbaq)
58
Iop to Channel Conversion Table (Matx)
59
Kernel Central Processor Queue (Ecpq)
60
Kernel Interrupt Jump Table (Eitb)
61
Local Memory Block Header (MD@)
62
Local Memory Free Chain (Emem)
63
Output Queue Pointer Table (Maoq)
64
Overlay Table Entry (Ot@)
66
Software Stack Pointers (Escr and Esmd)
68
Storage Module (Sm@)
69
Tape Demon Queue of Requests (Bxqq)
71
Tdemo Read Reverse Request Queue (Byqq)
72
Tdem1 Push Queue (Tdmq)
73
Timer Queue Header (Rtcque)
74
Event Timer Entry (TMR@)
74
Trace Control Table (Tloc)
75
3 Concentrator Tables (Lm@/Dt@)
77
Descriptor Table
80
Stream Descriptor (Sd@)
82
4 Nsc Activity Tables
83
Front-End Channel Ordinal Reservation Table (Cor@)
83
Front-End Channel Information Table (Fei@)
84
Input Status Buffer (Nsb@)
85
Nsc Front-End ID Table (Nid@)
89
Nscio Table Definition (Nio@)
90
Output Function Buffer (Nfb@)
92
5 Station Tables (C$)
93
Console Driver Table
93
I/Ostream Control Table (Io@)
97
Keyboard Command Table Entry (Ck@)
101
Keyboard Input Circular Buffer (Cb@)
102
Lcp Descriptor Table (Do@)
103
Protocol Task Local Memory (Pt@)
105
Statistics (Pkt$)
106
Station Message Map Entry (Mp)
107
Station Shared Buffer Memory (W@)
108
6 Block Multiplexer Tables
113
Alternate Activity Table (Prw@)
113
Channel
114
Channel Response Word (Crw@)
117
Channel Table (Cht@)
121
Control Unit Table (Cut@)
124
Control-Unit Bank Table (Cbt@)
126
Control Word List Header (Iaw@)
127
Device Bank Table (Dbt@)
128
Device Table (Bdv@)
129
7 Tape Exec Tables
133
Data Stream Control Table (Cu@/Nx@/Bf@)
135
Read Reverse Buffer Table (Rb@)
139
Tape Control Block (DC@)
140
Tape Error Packet
146
Tape Request Packet (Tq@)
150
Xiop-Biop Packet Definitions
157
8 User Channel Tables
159
User Channel Table (Uc@)
159
User Channel Request Packet (Cr@)
164
Open Function
166
Close Function
166
Read and Write Functions
167
Driver Function
168
9 Disk Tables
169
Disk Request Packet (Dl@)
169
Disk Control Block (Dk@)
171
Local Buffer Entry (Lb@)
175
Data Transfer Request (Tr@)
178
Abort Transfer Request (Ar@)
179
Error Message
183
Retry Count Table (R@)
183
Disk Demon Queue
185
Memio Demon Queues
187
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