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Vaisala RVP900 User Manual

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USER'S MANUAL

RVP900™ Digital Receiver

and Signal Processor

M211322EN-D

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Page 1 USER’S MANUAL RVP900™ Digital Receiver and Signal Processor M211322EN-D...
Page 2 The contents are subject to change without prior notice. Please observe that this manual does not create any legally binding obligations for Vaisala towards the customer or end user. All legally binding commitments and agreements are included exclusively in the...
Page 3: Table Of Contents
2.9 RVP900 Weather Signal Processing ........
Page 4 2.14.4 RVP900 Processing Algorithms ........60...
Page 5 6.1.2 RVP900 Receiver Modes ........
Page 6 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 6.2.5 Clutter Filtering Approaches ........205 6.3 Autocorrelation R(n) Processing .
Page 7 B.1 RVP900 Processor Components ........
Page 8 RVP900 DEVELOPER'S NOTES ........
Page 9 E.6.1 RVP900 in Normal Real-Time Operation ......436 E.6.2 Case 1: TS Recording on a Local RVP900 ......437 E.6.3 Case 2: TS Recording on Separate Archive Host .
Page 10 G.4.1 China RoHS Compliance ........478 G.5 ASR9 WSP with RVP900 Panel Architecture ......479 G.5.1 RVP901-WSP Signal Processor .
Page 11 REFERENCES AND CREDITS ..........503 VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 9...
Page 12 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 10 __________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 13: General Information
IRIS/RDA Software Installation Manual. Chapter 4, TTY Nonvolatile Setups: This chapter describes how to use the local TTY to configure the actual operation of the RVP900. This includes a detailed description of approximately one hundred setup parameters that affect operation.
Page 14 Appendix D, RVP900 Developer's Notes: This appendix describes the software environment that is provided to third-party developer’s who wish to customize the RVP900 (and RVP8) algorithms to meet their particular needs. Appendix E, Time Series Recording: This appendix describes the time series (TS) recording features.
Page 15: Version Information
RCP8 User's Manual M211321EN RVP8 User's Manual M211452EN IRIS and RDA Dual Polarization User’s Manual You can download the latest versions of the manuals from Vaisala product website, http://www.vaisala.com. They can be read online using by ® ® Adobe Reader , which is installed with IRIS.
Page 16: Safety
The text of prompts is displayed in bold, monospaced type. 1.5 Safety The Vaisala RVP900 is delivered to you has been tested and approved as shipped from the factory. Note the following precautions: Do not modify the unit. Improper modification can damage the product or CAUTION lead to malfunction.
Page 17: Regulatory Compliances
Directive 2002/96/EC on the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). 1.7.1 Recycling Vaisala has implemented return facilities for all products that we bring to market. All RVP900 components should be returned to the following address for recycling: Vaisala Inc.
Page 18: Trademarks
There are product marking requirements and a calculation of the "Environmentally Friendly Use Period" to be calculated. 1.9 Trademarks Vaisala and the Vaisala logo are registered trademarks of Vaisala Oyj in the United States and/or other countries. All other company, product names, and brands used herein may be the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Page 19: License Agreement
Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information 1.10 License Agreement All rights to any software are held by Vaisala or third parties. The customer is allowed to use the software only to the extent that is provided by the applicable supply contract or Software License Agreement.
Page 20 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 18 __________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 21: Introduction And Specifications
Chapter 2 _______________________________________________ Introduction and Specifications CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION AND SPECIFICATIONS 2.1 RVP900 Lineage The Vaisala product line has a three decade history of innovative, high-quality signal processing products. The history of Vaisala products is similar to the history of weather radar signal processing: Year...
Page 22: Dual Frequency Receive Options
RVP8 ever produced (with dual 3.0 GHz Pentium processors). The RVP900 IFDR produces digital I and Q data. The digital I and Q data is given to a PC server to perform the processing using pulse pairs, Fourier...
Page 23: Standard Lan Interconnection For Data Transfer Or Parallel Processing
This allows a hardware topology that has many advantages that are yet to be explored. Aside from the open hardware approach, the RVP900 has an open software approach; it runs in a Linux operating system. The code is structured, and...
Page 24 It also decreases the life-time costs of operating a radar by lowering the cost of spares and maintenance. Typically, Vaisala supplies turn-key systems, although some OEM customers who produce many systems can purchase just the RVP901 component and integrate it themselves.
Page 25 Chapter 2 _______________________________________________ Introduction and Specifications Figure 1 RVP900 System Concept 0916-005 on page 24 through on page 26 for examples of typical RVP900 configurations. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 23...
Page 26 25 m from the RVP902 main chassis. The Digital Automatic Frequency Control (DAFC) is an option to interface to a digitally controlled STALO. The RVP900 provides full AFC control with burst pulse auto-tracking. I/O-62 PCI Card—This card is still available for additional triggers, parallel, synchro or encoder AZ and EL angle inputs, pulse width control, spot blanking control output, and more.
Page 27 COHO), or act as the reference clock. This ensures that the entire system is phase locked. The IFDR provides the digital Tx waveform. As compared to the example in Figure 2, no additional hardware is required. The Tx waveform generation functionality requires an optional software license installed. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 25...
Page 28 The functionality is an optionally licensed feature. The RVP900 supports calculation of the complete covariance matrix for dual pol, including Z , PhiDP (K ), RhoHV, LDR, and more. Which of...
Page 29: Rvp901 Ifdr
AGC, dual A/D ranging, or down mixing to a lower IF frequency. The five individual A/D convertors are time synced within 1 nanoseconds. This ensures sampling in multiple channels is of the nearly equivalent targets. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 27...
Page 30: Digital Receiver Function
Finer range resolutions are also possible, down to a minimum of 25 m. A special feature of the RVP900 is that the bin spacing of the (I,Q) data can be set to any desired value between 25 m and 2000 m. Range bins are placed accurately to within +2.2 m of any selected grid, which does not...
Page 31 16-bit IFDR with the digital filter matched to a 2 microseconds pulse. The performance in this case is >105 dB dynamic range. The RVP900 performs several real-time signal corrections to the I/Q samples from the Rx, including: Amplitude Correction—A running average of the transmit pulse power in the magnetron burst channel is computed in real-time by the RVP900.
Page 32 The proprietary large signal linearization algorithm used in the RVP900 provides an extra 3 dB to 4 dB of dynamic range by accounting for the effects of saturation.
Page 33 The automatic tracking makes the AFC robust to start-up temperature changes and pulse width changes that can effect the magnetron frequency. AFC alignment/check is now much easier since it can be done manually from a central maintenance site or fully automatically. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 31...
Page 34: Digital Transmitter Function
Figure 9 Received Signal Spectrum Analysis Tool 0916-010 The RVP900 provides plots of the IF signal versus range as well as spectrum analysis of the signal as shown in Figure In the past, these types of displays and tools required that a highly-skilled engineer transport some very expensive test equipment to the radar site.
Page 35 IF waveform that has been down-converted from RF. The transmitter synthesizes an IF waveform for up-conversion to RF. The beauty of this approach is that the RVP900 has complete control over both halves of the radar, making possible a whole new realm of matched Tx/Rx processing algorithms.
Page 36: Rvp902 Signal Processing Computer
2 GB RAM. The RVP902 chassis has four drive bays. A DVD/RW is also provided for software maintenance. The latest versions of the RVP900 software and documentation can be NOTE downloaded for free from Vaisala’s web site.
Page 37: Magnetron Receiver Example
The log amplifier is required, because it is almost impossible to build a linear amplifier with the required dynamic range. However, phase distortion within the log amplifier renders it unsuitable for making Doppler measurements; therefore, a separate linear channel is still required. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 35...
Page 38 Also, since it operates continuously, small phase errors are continually being introduced within each coherent processing interval. For the RVP900 digital receiver (see Figure 10 on page 35, bottom portion), the only old parts that still remain are the microwave STALO oscillator and the mixer that produces the transmit burst.
Page 39: Klystron Or Twt Receiver And Transmit Rf Example
IAGC inaccuracy, quad phase detector asymmetries, phase shifter inaccuracies, etc. The RVP900 transmitter function now plays the role of a programmable COHO. The digitally synthesized transmit waveform can be phase, frequency, and amplitude modulated (no separate phase shifter is required), and even produce multiple simultaneous transmit frequencies.
Page 40: Rvp900 If Signal Processing
2.8 RVP900 IF Signal Processing 2.8.1 IFDR Data Capture and Timing The RVP900 design concept is to provide a next generation signal processor on a single board. The architecture is bus-less and processor independent. The design relies on common networking components as the interface for extension and communication.
Page 41: Burst Pulse Analysis For Amplitude/Frequency/Phase
COHO on a traditional Klystron system; it is the master time keeper. The IFDR sample clock is used to phase lock the entire RVP900; the Rx, Tx, miscellaneous I/O are all phase locked to the IFDR sample clock.
Page 42 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ algorithm does a coarse search for the burst pulse in the time/frequency domain (by scanning the AFC). It then does a fine search, in both time and frequency, to assure that the burst is centered at “range 0” and is at the required IF value.
Page 43: Rvp901 Functional Block Diagram And If To I/Q Processing
This frequency agility on receive unifies the transmit frequency agility, introduced with the RVP900, allowing more advanced signal processing concepts to be introduced in commercial weather radars. The RVP901 IFDR performs the initial processing of the IF digital data stream and outputs “I”...
Page 44 The digital matched filter that computes "I" and "Q" is designed in an interactive manner using a TTY and oscilloscope for graphical display. The filter's passband width and impulse response length are chosen by the user, and the RVP900 constructs the filter coefficients using built-in design 42 __________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 45: Rvp900 Weather Signal Processing
(Z, V, W, and optional polarization parameters). 2.9 RVP900 Weather Signal Processing The processing of weather signals by the RVP900 is based on the algorithms used in RVP8 and RVP7. However, the performance of the RVP900 has a different approach to some of the processing algorithms, especially the frequency domain spectrum processing.
Page 46: General Processing Features
1 degree azimuth radial must be constructed from exactly 64 input I/Q values. The RVP900 has the processing power such that when the sample size is not a power of two, a DFT is performed instead of an FFT.
Page 47 During data acquisition and processing, it is usually necessary to associate each output ray with an antenna position. To make this task simpler, the RVP900 samples 32 digital input "TAG" lines, once at the beginning and once at the end of each data acquisition period. These samples are output in a four-word header of each processed ray.
Page 48 These are the standard parameters that are output to the host application. 2.9.1.6 Thresholding The RVP900 calculates several parameters that are used to threshold (discard) bins with weak or corrupted signals. The thresholding parameters are:...
Page 49: Rvp900 Pulse Pair Time Domain Processing
2.9.1.8 Velocity Unfolding A special feature of the RVP900 processor is the ability to "unfold" mean velocity measurements based on a dual PRF algorithm. In this technique, two different radar PRFs are used for alternate N-pulse processing intervals.
Page 50: Rvp900 Dft/Fft Processing
(T0). The autocorrelations are sent to the range averaging and moment extraction steps. 2.9.3 RVP900 DFT/FFT Processing The DFT/FFT mode allows clutter cancelation to be performed in the frequency domain. DFT is used in general, with FFTs used if the requested sample size is a power of two.
Page 51: Polarization Mode Processing
SNR. Magnetron radars have a naturally random phase. For Klystron radars, a digitally controlled precision IF phase shifter is required. The RVP900 provides an 8-bit RS422 output for the phase shifter. 2.9.5 Polarization Mode Processing...
Page 52: Rvp900 Control And Maintenance Features
AFC output (digital) based on the burst pulse analysis for magnetron systems Pulse width and trigger control are both built into the RVP900. Four TTL output lines can be programmed to drive external relays that control the transmitter pulse width. The internal trigger generator drives eight separate lines, each of which can be programmed to produce a desired waveform.
Page 53: Power-Up Setup Configuration
IP address to 10.0.1.254, in the event the user can not remember what was programmed. For more information about flashing the software and setting the IP address, see Chapter 3, Hardware Installation, on page VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 51...
Page 54: Support Utilities And Application Software
These tools can be run locally on the RVP900 or over the network from a central maintenance facility. The DspExport utility improves the performance of the utilities for network applications by letting them be run on the workstation that is remote from the RVP900.
Page 55 Vaisala: IRIS/Radar—Runs on the same or separate PC. It interfaces to the RVP900 internally or by 100 BaseT Ethernet. IRIS/Radar controls both the RVP900 and the Vaisala RCP8 radar/antenna control processor. The package provides complete local and remote control/monitoring, data processing, and communication for a radar system.
Page 56: System Network Architecture
Figure 17 Network Architecture 0916-023 The "dsp lib" runs locally on the RVP900. A utility, called DspExport, exports the library over the network using a TCP/IP socket. Typically the controlling application is on the same computer, but DspExport may be exported to a remote host radar control workstation (RCW) on the network.
Page 57: Open Architecture And Published Api
(dBZ, Velocity, Width, PHIDP, etc.) are computed from the incoming (I,Q) time series. Brand new parameter types, which are not included in the basic RVP900 data set, may also be created. The standard scientific algorithms are not made public in this model. The interface hooks and development tools are provided, so that users can add their own software extensions to the RVP900 framework.
Page 58: Rvp901 Technical Specifications
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 2.14 RVP901 Technical Specifications 2.14.1 RVP901 IF Receiver Functions Input Signals: IF Received Signal: 50 ,+ 8.0 dBm full-scale, +20dBm absolute max IF Burst or COHO: 50, +8.0 dBm full-scale, +20dBm absolute max Optional Reference Clock: 7.5 MHz to 100 MHz, -20dBm to 6 dBm IF Ranges: 5 MHz to 120 MHz Linear Dynamic Range...
Page 59: Rvp901 Digital Waveform Synthesis
Can drive up to +13 dBm into 50 16-bit interpolating TxDAC provides >65 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio IF center frequency selectable from 5 MHz to 65 MHz Signal bandwidth as large as 15 MHz for wideband/multiband Tx applications; bandwidth is adjustable in software VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 57...
Page 60: Miscellaneous Discrete And Analog I/O
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Continuous or pulse modulated output with bandwidth limiting on pulse modulation output Precise phase shifting with transient bandwidth limiting Total harmonic distortion less than -74 dB Waveform pre-emphasis compensates for both static and dynamic Tx nonlinearities DDS Analog Output Waveform Characteristics: Direct Digital Synthesis of analog waveforms that has simpler modulation requirements than are possible with TxDACs Can drive up to +13 dBm into 50...
Page 61: Analog Inputs
Analog Mux ± 10V AMUX_POS_PIN/ AMUX_POS_PIN/ AMUX_NEG_PIN[3] AMUX_NEG_PIN[0] 46, 47 Analog Mux ± 10V AMUX_POS_PIN/ AMUX_POS_PIN/ AMUX_NEG_PIN[4] AMUX_NEG_PIN[1] 50, 51 Analog Mux ± 10V AMUX_POS_PIN/ AMUX_POS_PIN/ AMUX_NEG_PIN[5] AMUX_NEG_PIN[2] 5V supply out V_5P0_GPIO V_5P0_GPIO -5V supply out V_N5P0_GPIO V_N5P0_GPIO VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 59...
Page 62: Rvp900 Processing Algorithms
Signal Name on J3 18, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41, 45, 2.14.4 RVP900 Processing Algorithms Input from Rx Board: 16-bit I/Q samples Optional dual-channel I/Q samples (for example, for polarization systems or dual frequency systems)
Page 63: Rvp900 Input/Output Summary
Ethernet interface. AZ/EL Angle Input Options: Serial AZ/EL angle tag input using standard Vaisala RCP format 16-bit each parallel TTL binary angles through the I/O-62 card Synchro angle inputs through the I/O-62 card...
Page 64: Physical And Environmental Characteristics
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Trigger Output: Up to 12 total triggers available on various connector pins. Triggers are programmable with respect to trigger start, trigger width, and sense (normal or inverted). Optional Polarization Control: RS-422 differential control for polarization switch 2.14.6 Physical and Environmental Characteristics Packaging: Motherboard configuration: 1U rack mount...
Page 65: Hardware Installation
RVP902 Main Chassis; usually mounted in 19 in EIA rack Much of the RVP900 I/O is configured through software. This makes the unit very flexible. Since there is no custom wiring, internal jumpers, or oscillators, it is easy to insert spare modules. The software configuration of...
Page 66: Rvp901 Ifdr Installation
DC source. The RVP901 can be ordered without fans. In this case, the user needs to provide greater than 20 cubic feet per minute of airflow directly across the RVP901 heat sink. See Appendix B, RVP900 64 __________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 67: Ifdr Power, Size, And Mounting Considerations
The IFDR should be positioned, so that a minimum of 20 cubic feet per minute of airflow can freely convect around it. The ambient air temperature should be within a VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 65...
Page 68 The platform provides support for both TCP and UDP packets. The default IP address, shipped with each system, is 10.0.1.254. The IFDR supports jumbo packets. Vaisala recommends the UDP packet sizes be set to 8192 on the host NOTE computer.
Page 69: Ifdr I/O Summary
The IFDR is packaged in a tight metal enclosure for maximum noise immunity. Two LEDs provide status information for the IFDR and status of the communication links to the RVP902. These LEDs have the same interpretation as the RVP7 and RVP8 LED indicators. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 67...
Page 70: Ifdr Input A/D Saturation Levels
+8 dBm. In almost all installations, an external, anti-alias filter is installed on both of these inputs. These filters (if supplied by Vaisala) are mounted externally on one side of the IFDR, and have an insertion loss of 0.5 dB to 1.0 dB.
Page 71: Ifdr Clock Subsystem
50 MHz to 100 MHz. The output clock runs at the same frequency as the sampling clock. When the RVP900 is used in a klystron system, or in any type of synchronous radar, the radar COHO is supplied to the IFDR, so that the sampling clock can digitally lock to it.
Page 72 COHO signal is used in place of a sample of the transmit burst. There are two special concerns that may come up when the RVP900 is used in the above manner within a synchronous radar system. Both concerns are the result of the IFDR sampling clock being asynchronous with the radar system clock.
Page 73: Choice Of A/D Sample Rate And Tx Synthesis Rate
100 MHz versus 50 MHz clock. Quantization of Trigger Timing and Range Bin Placement— Triggers generated by the RVP900 are specified by their start time in microseconds, width in microseconds, and polarity. Triggers are always produce that are ±0.5 clocks of these ideal values. However, if...
Page 74: External Pre-Trigger Input
The rising or falling edge of this external trigger signal is interpreted by the RVP900 as the pretrigger point. The actual pulse width of the signal does not matter. The delay to range zero is configured through the TTY Setups (see Section 4.2.5 Mt<n>—...
Page 75: If Bandwidth And Dynamic Range
10 dB of additional sub-clutter visibility. 3.2.10 IF Bandwidth and Dynamic Range The RVP900 performs best with a wide bandwidth IF input signal. A wideband signal can be made free of phase distortions within the (relatively narrow) matched passband of the received signal. The RVP900 uses an external analog anti-aliasing filter at each of its IF and Burst inputs.
Page 76 A/D chip were performing direct conversion at "base band," it would have a dynamic range of only 79 dB. However, by utilizing the extra bandwidth of the converter, the RVP900 is able to extend the dynamic range to approximately 103 dB.
Page 77: If Gain And System Performance
LNA, and preserving the overall dynamic range of the IFDR. This is the exact same trade-off that is made in traditional multi-stage analog receiver systems that include a WDR LOG receiver. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 75...
Page 78     Sensitivity 10log – N LNA 10log --------------- - IFDR   Similarly, the reduction of RVP900 dynamic range is the amount by which the IFDR quantization noise is increased over its stand-alone value: 76 __________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 79 5.5 dB and 8.5 dB, respectively. Each axis of the plot has an important physical interpretation within the radar system: The horizontal axis is equivalent to the increase in the RVP900 report of filtered power when the IF-Input coax cable is connected, versus disconnected.
Page 80: If Gain Based On System Noise Figure
After assembling all of the RF and IF components, we can check whether we achieved the correct gain, by verifying a 7 dB rise (independent of bandwidth) in RVP900 filtered power, when the IF- Input cable is connected, versus disconnected.
Page 81: Choice Of Intermediate Frequency
RF/IF components and desired overall performance. 3.2.13 Choice of Intermediate Frequency The RVP900 does not assume any particular relationship between the A/D sample clock and the receiver's intermediate frequency. You may operate at any IF that is at least 2 MHz away from any multiple of half sampling rate.
Page 82: Rvp902 Main Chassis
Another problem that arises with a 35 MHz IF on a magnetron system, is the RVP900 computation of AFC. If the processor can not distinguish 37 MHz from 35 MHz, then it can not tell the difference between the STALO being correctly on frequency, versus being 2 MHz too high.
Page 83: Power Requirements, Size, And Physical Mounting
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Hardware Installation The RVP902 main chassis is available in a variety of forms, depending on the customer requirements. A standard RVP900 system is packaged in a SuperMicro SuperChassis 825MTQ-R700UB which contains at least the following: Dual Intel Xeon Quad Core CPU...
Page 84: Socket Interface
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 3.3.4 Socket Interface The RVP902 is configured to listen on a network port. It is ready to interface to a host computer through the network using a program called DspExport. When IRIS/Radar is installed onto the same RVP902 computer, it is already configured to communicate with RVP902 processes through the native interface, bypassing the socket interface.
Page 85 3.3.4.3.1 Read Command (READ) Example: "READ|100|" means read 100 bytes from the RVP900. Since the RVP900 interface is a 16-bit word interface, these read sizes should always be even. It always replies with a "Ack|" followed by 100 bytes of binary data, or with a "Nak|";...
Page 86 Example: "STAT|" reads the status bits back from the RVP900. This is a 1 bit value, set to 1 if the RVP900 has data available in its output buffer. It returns either "Ack|0", "Ack|1", or a "Nak". This is the equivalent of the dspr_status() call in the dsp library.
Page 87 Here are suggestions for customers who are converting an existing program, which used a SCSI interface to the RVP7 to the socket interface to the RVP8 or RVP900. First, take a look at our source code which handles either SCSI or socket. In OpenSocket.c, you can see the code which replaces the SCSI device open call.
Page 88: Digital Afc Module (Dafc)
RDAV command or using compression. There is a significant difference between the RVP7 and RVP8/RVP900 in regards to the FIFO reset command. This is the RVP900 command 0x008C (see Reset (RESET) on page 307).
Page 89 Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Hardware Installation Figure 22 Assembly Diagram of the DAFC 0916-033 VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 87...
Page 90 AFC-16 uplink format onto various pins of the 25-pin "D" connector. One of these choices must be used whenever the DAFC is interfaced to an RVP900 system, whose uplink uses the older style 16-bit AFC uplink format. In this...
Page 91 (with optional polarity reversal) and driven onto the terminal block (P3), from whence it can be wired to some other device, for example, a BITE input line of an RCP02. A yellow LED indicates the presence of any external fault conditions. VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 89...
Page 92: Example Hookup To A Cti Mvsr-Xxx Stalo
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The "AB" position of the 3-pin "Alarm" jumper (H9) connects the Fault Status signal to Pin #4 of the terminal block, whereas the "BC" position grounds that terminal block pin. A second ground can be made available at Pin #5 of the terminal block by installing a jumper in the "BC"...
Page 93 We map the AFC interval into the numeric span 3800–4000, and choose the "Bin" (simple binary) encoding format. The actual frequency limits, therefore, match the desired values: 5200MHz + ( 3800 × 100KHz ) = 5580MHz 5200MHz + (4000 × 100KHz ) = 5600MHz VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 91...
Page 94: Example Of A Miteq Mfs-05.00-05.30-100K-10Mp Stalo
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The "Inhb" line is held low, and fault status is input on Pin 4. All pins that are not directly controlled by the software uplink (for example, power pins and unused pins) are set to "GND" in the setup table. 3.4.2 Example of a MITEQ MFS-05.00–...
Page 95: Ifdr Dafc Uplink Protocol
In particular, it is a convenient source of DAFC. The RVP900 uses a single CAT5e Uplink/Downlink cable between the IFDR and and computer server. The legacy coax uplink protocol is no longer used directly;...
Page 96 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ shield and the center conductor of the coax uplink feed the comparator through 33KΩ isolation resistors; no direct ground attachment is made to the shield. The 500Ω resistors provide the local ground reference, and the 47KΩ resistor supplies a bias to shift the unipolar uplink signal into a bipolar range for the comparator.
Page 97 ) , where f is the acquisition clock frequency given in the Mc section of the RVP900 setup menu. For the default clock frequency of 71.9502 MHz, the period of the serial data is 1.779 μsec. The logic that is receiving the serial data should first locate the center of the first data bit at (0.5 ×...
Page 98 Interpreting the Serial 16-bit Data Word The serial 16-bit data word has several different interpretations according to how the RVP900 has been configured, and whether Bit #22 of the uplink stream is set or clear. The evolution of these different formats has been in response to new features being added to the IFDR (Section 3.2 RVP901...
Page 99 10-pole lowpass filter, so that most of the energy is within the 150 KHz to 900 KHz band, with negligible residual power above 1.4 MHz. Each of the five bits switch in additional noise power when they are set, with the upper bits making successively greater VAISALA _______________________________________________________________________ 97...
Page 100 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ contributions. Bits <6:5> permit the IF-Input and Burst-Input signals to be reassigned on the downlink. CMD=4 Data<4:0> Built-in noise generator level IF-Input and Burst-Input selection Data<6:5> 00 : Normal 01 : Swap IF/Burst 10 : Burst Always 11 : IF Always Data<7>...
Page 101: Tty Nonvolatile Setups
Chapter 4 _____________________________________________________ TTY Nonvolatile Setups CHAPTER 4 TTY NONVOLATILE SETUPS The RVP900 provides an interactive setup menu that is accessed either from a serial TTY, or from the host computer interface. Most of the RVP900 operating parameters are viewed and modified with this menu, and the settings are saved in non-volatile RAM, so that they take immediate effect on start-up.
Page 102 IRIS 8.13.1). This information is important when RVP900 support is required. It is also displayed on the printout of the V command. The Q command exits from the menus and reloads the RVP900 with the changed set of current values.
Page 103: Factory, Saved, And Current Settings
RVP900 powers up in its manufacturing mode. This step is not recommended. RVP900 retains all of its saved settings when new software releases are installed. The new version of the code automatically uses all of the previous saved values; however, if RVP900 detects a new setup parameter, it is set to a factory default value.
Page 104: And Vz - View Card And System Status
This line is the revision level of the RVP900 software and IRIS version. Settings were last saved using V12.3 This line displays which version of RVP900 code was the last to write into the non-volatile RAM. It is printed only if that last version was different from the version that is currently running.
Page 105 – PID:6909 Priority:13 Policy:RealTimeRR IQ-Data list displays RVP900 processes and their Process and Threads related priority. All RVP900 processes/threads should be running under RealTimeRR policy to guarantee adequate attention from the processors. Shared library build dates: RVP9/Main/Core: Apr 2 16:01:12 EDT 2012...
Page 106: Vp - View Processing And Threshold Values
4.1.3 Vp – View Processing and Threshold Values The Vp command displays internal parameters that affect the moment processing within the RVP900. This information is for inspection only, and can not be changed from the TTY. Threshold Settings for All Data Parameters...
Page 107: Display/Change Current Major Mode
Changes to the settings (generally) do not take effect until after the Q NOTE command is typed, at which point the RVP900 exits the local TTY menu and resumes its normal processing operations. The M menu provides access to a large number of configuration settings.
Page 108: Mc - Top Level Configuration
“jumbo” packets, that is, packets that are longer than the typical 1500-byte standard. The RVP900 allows jumbo packets up to 8192 bytes to be used. Limits: 250 to 8192 bytes. Use, for example, “ifconfig mtu 8192 eth0” to set the receiver Maximum Transfer Unit size on the host computer.
Page 109 This setting is used to configure the input of live antenna angles. If angle data are supplied outside of the RVP900, e.g., by and RCP8 making direct calls to the IRIS antenna library, then select None. For test purposes, the SimRVP and SimIFD options implement an antenna simulator either in the host computer or the remote IFDR.
Page 110: Mp - Processing Options
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ As an example, suppose that the elevation angle input to the RVP900 was in an awkward form such as unsigned integer tenths of degrees, i.e., 0x0000 for zero degrees, 0x000a for one degree, 0x0e06 for minus one degree, etc.
Page 111 Section 7.3 Setup Operating Parameters (SOPRM) on page 259). The Vaisala radar application (IRIS) does not request PPP-style autocorrelations, while the ascope requests it. At RVP900 startup, the user setting is retrieved from rvp9NV.opprm.iflags. Unfold Velocity (Vh–Vl) – 0:Never, 1:User, 2:Always : 0...
Page 112 0:Never Process w/ custom trigs – 0:Never, 1:User, 2:Always : 0 This question allows you to choose whether the RVP900 attempts to run its standard processing algorithms, even when a custom trigger pattern has been selected through the SETPWF command. Generally, it does not make sense to do this, so the default setting is "0:Never".
Page 113 0:None, Alg.1, Alg.2, Alg.3: 1 Threshold parameter C1: 10.00 dB Threshold parameter C2: 12.00 dB The RVP900 can optionally apply an interference filter to remove impulsive-type noise from the demodulated (I,Q) data stream. For details, Section 6.1.5 Interference Filter on page 189.
Page 114 DB_FLAGS data parameter. Each of these thresholds is specified in deciBels. The fundamental RVP900 operating parameters (PRF, Sample Size, etc.) all apply to the high PRF portion of the BATCH trigger waveform. The low PRF rate and sample size are derived from these high values using a slope and offset.
Page 115 (T/Z/V/W); but most researchers prefer excluding V-Xmt because that is more standard in the literature. Also, if your polarizations are such that the main power is returned on the cross channel, then you will probably want Co-Rcv:NO and Cx-Rcv:YES. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 113...
Page 116: Mf - Clutter Filters
Enable noise power based correction of Z0: No If set to 'Yes', the RVP900 adjusts the calibration reflectivity value Z0 when the current noise level changes from the level measured when the calibration was done. For details, see Section 6.3.3.1 Noise Correction to...
Page 117 "EdgeMinPts" past the removed interval on each side. Variable Width, Single Slope (Type 1) The RVP900 supports variable-width, frequency-domain clutter filters. These filters perform the same spectral interpolation as the fixed–width filters, except that their notch width automatically adapts to the clutter. The filters are characterized by the same Width and EdgePts parameters in the Mf menu, except that the Width is now interpreted as a minimum width.
Page 118: Mt - General Trigger Setups
(select the all pass filter #0) and then look at actual measurements of the clutter width while the antenna is rotating, for example, using the ascope utility or application software such as the Vaisala IRIS system. Whitening Parameters for Tx:Random __________________________________ Secondary SQI Threshold Slope:0.50 Offset:-0.05...
Page 119 PreTrigger fires the transmitter directly: NO When an external pretrigger is applied to the TRIGIN input of the RVP900, either the rising or falling edge of that signal initiates operation. This decision also affects which signal edge becomes the reference point for the pretrigger delay times given in the Mt<n>...
Page 120 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The RVP900 can inhibit the subset of blankable trigger lines whenever a noise measurement is taken. This is forced whenever trigger blanking (based on TAG0) is enabled, but it can also be selected in general via this question.
Page 121: Mt- Triggers For Pulsewidth #N
Some subtleties of these variable start times are: The PRT multipliers can only be used in conjunction with the RVP900 internal trigger generator. The PRT–relative start times are VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 119...
Page 122 The PRT multiplier for a given pulse is applied to the interval of time between that pulse and the next one. This distinction is important whenever the RVP900 is generating multiple–PRT triggers, for example, during DPRT mode, or during Dual–PRF processing.
Page 123 It is important that this delay be correct when the RVP900 is operating with an external trigger, since the zero range point is a fixed time offset from that trigger. When the...
Page 124 62 per range step. For example, if we want a filter that is 3.8 km (25.3 μsec) long, then the range resolution can be no less than 3.8 km/190 = 20 m. At the RVP900 maximum 100 MHz AQ clock this filter will 122 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 125 Bit Limits: 0 to 15 (input must be typed in decimal) Current noise level: -75.00 dBm Powerup noise level: -75.00 dBm -or- Current noise levels – PriRx: -75.00 dBm, SecRx: -75.00 dBm Powerup noise levels – PriRx: -75.00 dBm, SecRx: -75.00 dBm VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 123...
Page 126 Several of the dialogs described in the previous section are modified when the RVP900 is equipped with an IFDR is configured for Tx waveform synthesis in the Mz menu. In this case, each of the RVP900 four pulse widths can select an entirely different type of transmit waveform and associated matched receiver.
Page 127 Thus, a spectrum analyzer (or the RVP900 Ps plot) would show an overall spectrum width equal to this desired value. Similarly, the pulse length value represents the entire time duration of the waveform, including whatever amplitude modulations may be included at the tails.
Page 128 If the radar's high–power amplifier had zero delay, this would serve to define the middle of the transmit pulse as range zero, which is the usual RVP900 convention. This offset question is provided so that the Tx output waveform can be shifted in time to compensate for whatever delays are present in the radar's IF/RF electronics.
Page 129 The resulting waveform is therefore linear FM having abrupt On/Off transitions. P1 = 0.9, P2 = 0.7, P3 = 1.0 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 127...
Page 130: Mb - Burst Pulse And Afc
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ During the middle 90% of the waveform's duration the frequency chirp uses 70% of its available bandwidth. Then, within the 10% pulse tails, the remaining 30% of the bandwidth suddenly gets covered. No amplitude modulation is applied. Pulses of this type have been studied theoretically, but do not perform very well for a given total bandwidth that includes the leading/trailing "ears".
Page 131 (STALO below transmitter) or decrease (STALO above transmitter) the receiver's intermediate frequency. This question influences the sign of the Doppler velocities that are computed by the RVP900. PhaseLock to the burst pulse: YES This question controls whether the RVP900 locks the phase of its synthesized "I"...
Page 132 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ being the best overall choice. The Blackman window is useful if you are trying to see plotted spectral components that are more than 40 dB below the strongest signal present. It is especially useful in the Pr plot when a long span of data are available.
Page 133 AFC outer tolerance during data processing: 50.0 KHz In general, the AFC feedback loop is active only when the RVP900 is not processing data rays. This is because the Doppler phase measurements are seriously degraded whenever the AFC control voltage makes a change.
Page 134 AFC format– 0:Bin, 1:BCD, 2:8B4D: 0, ActLow: NO AFC uplink protocol– 0:Off, 1:Normal, 2:PinMap : 1 The RVP900 implementation of AFC has been generalized so that there is no difference between configuring an analog loop and a digital loop. The AFC feedback loop parameters are setup the same way in each case;...
Page 135 The latter must be done with actual physical wires. One of the RVP900/DAFC pins can optionally be selected as a Fault Status indicator. You may choose which pin to use for this purpose, as well as the polarity of the incoming signal level.
Page 136 Motor/Integrator AFC loops, and the two AFC questions will be suppressed in that case. The RVP900 can optionally begin hunting for a missing burst pulse immediately after being reset, but before any activity has been detected from the host computer.
Page 137 We do this by assuming that the burst pulse power is proportional to the transmit power. At calibration time, we record the burst pulse power. If this number is available and provided to the RVP900 at processing time, then the processor can notice the difference and adjust the calibration.
Page 138 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The DC–Coupled AFC loop questions (changes shown in bold) are: AFC Servo– 0:DC Coupled, 1:Motor/Integrator : 0 Wait time before applying AFC: 10.0 sec AFC hysteresis– Inner: 5.0 KHz, Outer: 15.0 KHz AFC outer tolerance during data processing: 50.0 KHz AFC feedback slope: 0.0100 D–Units/sec / KHz AFC minimum slew rate: 0.0000 D–Units/sec...
Page 139: M+ - Debug Options
4.2.7 M+ — Debug Options A collection of debugging options has been added to the RVP900 to help users with the development and debugging of their applications code. For the most part, these options should remain disabled during normal radar operation.
Page 140: Mz - Transmissions And Modulations
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Nyquist sign flip of plotted IF samples: NO This question asks whether IF samples should be plotted with Nyquist flipping (multiplication by +1,–1,+1,–1...). If answered YES, then the ”Pr” and ”Pb” plots will modify their rendering of IF samples. As a reminder within those menus, the text ”(NyFlip)”...
Page 141 When the overall frequency response of your Tx/Rx is not flat, you can tune this parameter to null out the error based on feedback from either the Ps spectrum plot or oscilloscope display of the Tx pulse. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 139...
Page 142 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 140 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 143: Plot-Assisted Setups
AFC. It is a simple matter to check the spectral purity of the transmitter on a regular basis, and to discover the presence of any unwanted noise or harmonics. Moreover, the RVP900 is able to track and modify the initial settings so that proper operation is maintained even with changes in temperature and aging of the microwave components.
Page 144: P+ - Plot Test Pattern
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 5.1 P+ — Plot Test Pattern The RVP900 can produce a simple test pattern to verify that the display software is working properly. From the TTY monitor enter the P+ command. This prints the message Plotting Test Pattern... on the TTY...
Page 145: General Conventions Within The Plot Commands
Each command begins by printing a list of subcommands that are valid in that context. These subcommands are single keystrokes that are executed immediately by the RVP900 as they are typed. The ENTER key is not required. The available subcommands are different for each plot command;...
Page 146 Use Mt0, Mt1, etc., to set the relative timing of all RVP900 triggers that are used by the radar. Do not worry about the absolute values of the trigger start times.
Page 147: Pb - Plot Burst Pulse Timing
IF input SMA connectors on the IFDR. 5.3 Pb — Plot Burst Pulse Timing For magnetron radars, the RVP900 relies on samples of the transmit pulse to lock the phase of its synthesized "I" and "Q" data, and to run the AFC feedback loop.
Page 148 The RVP900 defines "Range Zero" to occur at the center of the burst sample window. This also defines the zero reference point for the starting times of the six programmable triggers.
Page 149: Available Subcommands Within Pb
L/l & R/r These two commands shift the entire group of RVP900 triggers left or right (earlier or later in time). The lowercase commands shift in 0.025 µsec steps, and the uppercase commands shift in 1.000 µsec steps (approximately).
Page 150: Tty Information Lines Within Pb
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The Z command zooms the amplitude of the burst pulse samples so that they can be seen more easily. The value is reported on the TTY as "Zoom". > and < The live plotted data can be logged to the text file;...
Page 151: Recommended Adjustment Procedures
Repeat the following procedure for each pulse width that you plan to use. Each iteration is independent. It is first necessary to setup the proper relative timing for all RVP900 triggers that are being used. The various trigger output lines are completely interchangeable, and each may be assigned to any function within the radar system.
Page 152: Ps - Plot Burst Spectra And Afc
In a traditional analog receiver the matched filters use discrete components that can not be adjusted, and the transmit spectrum can not be viewed unless a spectrum analyzer is on hand. The RVP900 eliminates all of these restrictions via its Ps command, which plots the burst spectrum, designs the band pass filter, plots its frequency response, and also helps with alignment of the AFC.
Page 153: Interpreting The Burst Spectra Plots
DC offsets in the A/D converters appear aliased at these 72 MHz multiples. The vertical axis of the spectrum plot is logarithmic and is marked with faint horizontal lines in 10 dB increments. An overall dynamic range of 70 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 151...
Page 154 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ dB can be viewed at once. The horizontal lines also contain major and minor tick marks to help calibrate the frequency axis. Major marks are small downward triangles that represent integer multiples of 5 MHz; minor marks are in between and represent 1 MHz steps. The power spectrum example in Figure 27 on page 149 is from a system with an intermediate...
Page 155: Available Subcommands Within Ps
The U and D commands implement the Manual Frequency Control (MFC) override, and allow the RVP900/IFDs AFC output voltage to be manually set to any fixed level. The lower case commands make changes in 0.05 D-Unit steps, and the upper case commands use 1.0 D-Unit steps.
Page 156 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ MFC mode is toggled on and off using the "=" key. A warning will be printed if the Ps command is exited while MFC is enabled, and you will be given a second chance to reenable AFC. The AFC test submode is entered by typing the "|"...
Page 157 You may keep the indicated values or type in new ones, just as for all RVP900 setup questions. The search begins when the spans are accepted. The search procedure may require a few seconds to a few minutes, depending on the length and width spans that are being scanned.
Page 158: Tty Information Lines Within Ps
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ In dual-receiver mode, the $ command will search for a filter that minimizes the maximum width and DC offset at both receivers intermediate frequencies. The final filter will be the one that has the best simultaneous performance at both IFs. The V command increments or decrements the number of burst pulse spectra that are averaged together to create the plot.
Page 159 AFC level to show the encoded bit pattern which corresponds to that level. This only appears when the RVP900 deduces that a special digital format is being used, that is, when the backpanel phase-out lines have been...
Page 160: Computation Of Filter Loss
The filter loss is zero if the burst waveform consists of a pure sinusoid at the designated intermediate frequency. It is also very near zero as long as most of the burst energy is confined within the passband of the RVP900 filter. The filter loss will increase as the bandwidth of the burst waveform increases and begins to spill out of that passband.
Page 161 Using the Mt0 command, setup a T = 0.5 µsec trigger pulse from the RVP900 in the vicinity of range zero, and use that trigger to gate a signal generator whose output is applied to the IFRD Burst Input. Also setup 125 m range resolution, and a rather long 6.0 µsec impulse...
Page 162 Tx waveform has only finite duration, and thus should never look like a pure tone as long as the RVP900 is able to "see" the entire Tx envelope. For this reason, it is important that the filter's impulse...
Page 163 This is easily done by changing the Mc setup question back to "single", and disconnecting the secondary burst input to the IFDR. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 161...
Page 164: Recommended Adjustment Procedures
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 5.4.5 Recommended Adjustment Procedures The Ps command should be used only after the burst pulse has been successfully captured by way of the Pb command. Use the <space> key to display the burst spectrum plot by itself, and use the Z key to shift the entire graph into view.
Page 165 Manual Method—The process of arriving at a nearly optimal filter requires a few minutes of hunting with the I, W, and N keys. Every time you press any of these keys the RVP900 designs a new FIR filter from scratch, and displays the results. Fortunately, the DSP chips are fast enough that this can be done quickly and interactively.
Page 166 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ even an equal level of DC interference. Therefore, adding another 10 dB safety margin, we get -65 dB as the recommended maximum DC gain of the matched filter. This DC gain should be reduced even further if it is known that coherent leakage is present in the receive signal at a level greater than the -27 dBm worse-case A/D offset.
Page 167: Pr - Plot Receiver Waveforms
The IF samples are plotted on a linear scale as signed quantities, with zero appearing at the center line of the scope. Any DC offset that may be present in the A/D converter is not removed, and will be seen as a shift in the VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 165...
Page 168 A/D range. At the x32 or higher zoom scales, this offset would peg the sample plot off scale. Typically the DC offset will be much less than this worst case value; but the RVP900 preserves the DC term in the Pr sample plot so that its presence is not forgotten.
Page 169 IF samples so that it can be monitored as part of the routine maintenance of the receiver system. This is one of the few places in the RVP900 menus and processing algorithms where the DC term deliberately remains intact.
Page 170: Available Subcommands Within Pr
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 5.5.2 Available Subcommands Within Pr The list of subcommands is printed on the TTY: Available Subcommands within Pr: L/l & R/r Start range Left/Right Plot time span Up/Dn Number of spectra averaged Amplitude zoom <space> Alternate Plots >...
Page 171: Tty Information Lines Within Pr
The computation of "Total Power" is performed using the same subset of central IF samples that are used to compute "Filtered Power". This smaller subset of IF samples comes about because filtering the data requires a convolution with the current FIR filter, and this computation does not VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 169...
Page 172: Pa - Plot Tx Waveform Ambiguity
However, the signal processing and waveform design that are required to make good use of these long transmit pulses is also much more complex. To help with this, the RVP900 provides the Pa (Plot Ambiguity) command in which compressed transmit waveforms can be designed, studied, and optimized.
Page 173: Interpreting The Ambiguity Plots
An alternate form of Pa plot of the same Tx waveform is shown in Figure 33 on page 170. The horizontal axis again represents time, but now spans the entire duration of the pulse. Three different plots are drawn, hence the vertical axis is interpreted differently in each case: VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 171...
Page 174 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The instantaneous frequency across the full length of the pulse is shown in white. The vertical scale is normalized to hold the overall frequency span, which is also shown numerically in the Pa TTY output. The waveform baseband phase is shown in green, and is normalized so that the vertical axis holds the full span of values.
Page 175: Available Subcommands Within Pa
10KHz steps, while the upper case commands use 200KHz steps. 1 & 2 & 3 Typing one of these numbers chooses which of the three waveform tuning parameters will be altered by the "D" and "U" keys. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 173...
Page 176 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D/d & U/u The "Down" and "Up" commands decrease or increase the waveform tuning parameter that has been chosen by the most recent "1", "2" or "3" key. The lower case commands shift in 0.001 (dimensionless) steps, while the upper case commands use 0.05 steps.
Page 177 0.9000 and 0.9500 inclusive. After all three parameter spans have been entered, the RVP900 will begin searching for the optimum waveform. Progress messages are printed on the TTY, and the plot will update every time a better waveform is discovered.
Page 178: Tty Information Lines Within Pa
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 5.6.3 TTY Information Lines Within Pa The TTY information lines will resemble: BW:3.40MHz PW:29.99usec PSL:61.2dB ISL:51.3dB TxLoss:0.5dB RxLoss:2.4dB Bandwidth of the Tx waveform in MegaHertz. Pulsewidth (pulse length) of the Tx waveform in microseconds. Peak Sidelobe Level of the ambiguity diagram, expressed in deciBels relative to the main lobe level.
Page 179: Bench Testing Of Compressed Waveforms
Once the Tx waveform has been designed it can be injected into the IFDR for testing with the Pr command. This not only verifies that the analog waveform is generated properly, but also that the matched filtering on the RVP900/Rx card is able to deconvolve the compressed information. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 177...
Page 180 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ To setup the test, simply connect the Channel #1 or Channel #2 output of the RVP900/Tx card to the IF-Input of the IFDR. Use whichever RVP900/Tx channel has been configured for waveform synthesis in the Mz menu, and set the Zero Offset of the Transmitter Pulse in the Mt<n>...
Page 181 2MHz frequency interval centered on the IF carrier. This demonstrates the ability of synthesized transmit waveforms to remain cleanly within their allocated bounds. Figure 35 Ideal and Actual Linear-FM Spectrum Displayed in Ps 0916-049 Plot VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 179...
Page 182 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 180 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 183: Processing Algorithms
Table 9 on page 181 summarizes the quantities that are measured and computed by the RVP900. The type of the quantity (that is, real or complex) is also given. Subscripts are sometimes used to denote successive samples in time from a given range bin. For example, sn denotes the "I"...
Page 184 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ s = W × Y is computed as Real{s} = Real{W} Real{Y} - Imag{W} Imag{Y} Imag{s} = Real{W} Imag{Y} + Imag{W} Real{Y} where "Real{}" and "Imag{}" represent the real and imaginary parts of their complex-valued argument. Note that all of the expanded computations are themselves real-valued.
Page 185 Chapter 6 ______________________________________________________ Processing Algorithms Table 9 Algebraic Quantities Within the RVP900 Processor Instantaneous IF-receiver data sample Real Instantaneous Burst-pulse data sample Real I, Q Instantaneous quadrature receiver components Real Instantaneous time series phaser value Complex Time series after clutter filter...
Page 186 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 36 Flow Diagram of RVP900 Processing 0916-050 184 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 187: If Signal Processing
The sums above for I and Q are computed on the RVP900/Rx board using dedicated FIR chips (for revisions A and B) that can perform up to 576 million sums of products per second.
Page 188 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ the FIR filter will typically be greater than 66dBc (Rev.A/B) and 84dBc (Rev.C). The reference phase for each transmitted pulse is computed using the same two FIR sums, except with b substituted for the p . For a magnetron system the N b samples are centered on the transmitted burst;...
Page 189: Rvp900 Receiver Modes
IF inputs, both using the same intermediate frequency. 6.1.2.1 Discussion of Wide Dynamic Range Mode-2 When the RVP900 is used as an extended dynamic range receiver there are some important decisions to make with respect to setting up the RF/IF levels that drive the IFDR.
Page 190 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ sec pulse (1 MHz bandwidth), the dynamic range of the LNA may be about 105 dB, and the dynamic range of a single channel of the IFDR is about 84 dB (from -78 dBm to +6 dBm). In this case, the minimum separation would be 21 dB.
Page 191: Automatic Frequency Control (Afc)
4 MHz away from any multiple of half the digital sampling frequency, that is, 18 MHz, 36 MHz, 54 MHz, or 72 MHz. The RVP900 analyzes the burst pulse samples from each pulse, and produces a running estimate of the power-weighted center frequency of the transmitted waveform.
Page 192: Burst Pulse Tracking
The Burst Pulse Tracker feedback loop makes changes to the trigger timing in response to the measured position of the burst. Timing changes will generally be made only when the RVP900 is not actively acquiring data, in the same way that AFC feedback is held off for similar "quiet" times.
Page 193: Interference Filter
It is mistuned in frequency, that is, the AFC feedback is incorrect and has caused the burst frequency to fall outside of the passband of the RVP900 anti-alias filters. In this case the AFC (or DAFC) needs to be changed so that proper tuning is restored.
Page 194 For certain environments it may be the case that good results can be obtained with C ; but the RVP900 does not force that restriction. This 3-pulse algorithm is only intended to remove interference that arrives on isolated pulses, and for which there are at least two clear pulses in between.
Page 195 Bias (dB) False Bias (dB) 10.91% 4.06% 3.48% 4.15% 6.57% 2.42% 1.71% 1.92% 5.09% 1.81% 1.16% 1.28% 4.01% 1.42% 0.79% 0.85% 3.14% 1.06% 0.51% 0.54% 2.53% 0.85% 0.33% 0.35% 2.07% 0.67% 0.22% 0.23% 1.70% 0.54% 0.14% 0.15% VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 193...
Page 196 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 11 Impact of False Alarms on Reflectivity Estimates 1.21% 0.35% 0.06% 0.06% 0.65% 0.14% 0.01% 0.01% It is important to minimize both types of errors. If too much interference is missed, then the filter is not doing an adequate job of cleaning up the received signal.
Page 197: Large-Signal Linearization
6.1.6 Large-Signal Linearization The RVP900 is able to recover the signal power of targets that saturate the IF-Input A/D converter by as much as 4 deciBels to 6 deciBels. This is possible because an overdriven IF waveform still spends some of its time in the valid range of the converter, and thus, it is still possible to deduce information about the signal.
Page 198: Correction For Tx Power Fluctuations
The default value of 70 gives excellent results in almost all cases. Whenever the RVP900 enters a new internal processing mode (time series, FFT, PPP, etc.), the burst power estimator is reinitialized from the level of...
Page 199: Time Series (I And Q) Signal Processing
Thus, valid corrected data are produced even when the RVP900 is alternating rapidly between different data acquisition tasks, for example, in a multi-function ASCOPE display.
Page 200 The frequency domain is well suited to more complex adaptive algorithms, that is, where the processing algorithm is optimized for the data. The RVP900 supports the concept of "major modes" or processing modes to process the time series. Currently the following major modes are supported: DFT/FFT Mode is a frequency domain approach which is used for most operational processing applications.
Page 201 Chapter 6 ______________________________________________________ Processing Algorithms Figure 38 Time Series and Doppler Power Spectrum Example 0916-052 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 199...
Page 202: Frequency Domain Processing-Doppler Power Spectrum
DFT assumption of periodic time series. The RVP900 supports different windows such as the Hamming, Blackman, Von Han, Exact Blackman and of course the rectangular window for which all spectral components are weighted equally. The...
Page 203 However, the rectangular window provides the lowest variance estimates of the moment parameters (in the absence of clutter. More "aggressive" windows have lower side lobe power at the expense of a broader impulse response and an increased variance of the moment estimates. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 201...
Page 204 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Window Width Side Lobes -M/2 Frequency Figure 40 Impulse Response of Typical Window 0916-054 In summary of the DFT approach and spectrum windows: When the clutter is strong, an aggressive spectrum window is required to contain the clutter power so that the side lobes of the window do not mask the weather targets.
Page 205: Autocorrelations
Since the RVP900 is a linear receiver, there is a single gain number that relates the measured autocorrelation magnitude to the absolute received power. However, since many of the algorithms do not require absolute calibration of the power, the gain terms will be ignored in the discussion of these.
Page 206: Ray Synchronization On Angle Boundaries
Section 7.3 Setup Operating Parameters (SOPRM) on page 259). However, when the RVP900 is aligning its processed rays to AZ/EL angle boundaries (see Section 7.15 Load Antenna Synchronization Table (LSYNC) on page 312) the actual number of pulses used may be limited by the number that fit within each ray’s angular limits at the current antenna scan rate.
Page 207: Clutter Filtering Approaches
IIR approach is no longer used in the RVP900. The only mode that uses time domain filtering is the Batch mode for the low PRF pulses (subtraction of the average I and Q to remove the DC component).
Page 208 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The various frequency domain filters available in the RVP900 are configured using the mf setup command (Section 4.2.3 Mf — Clutter Filters on page 112). These are: Type 0: Fixed width filters with interpolation Type 1: Variable width single slope adaptive processing...
Page 209 Note that there is a selectable maximum number of points that the filter will "hunt". The use of the edge points for interpolation is identical to the fixed width case. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 207...
Page 210 6.2.5.3 GMAP GMAP is a new adaptive technique developed at Vaisala that is possible on a high-speed processor such as the RVP900. GMAP has the following advantages as compared to fixed width frequency domain filters or time domain filtering such as the IIR approach:...
Page 211 First a Hamming window weighting function is applied to the IQ values and a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is then performed. This provides better spectrum resolution than a fast Fourier Transform (FFT) which requires that the number of IQ values be a power of 2. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 209...
Page 212 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Note that if the requested number of samples is exactly a power of 2, then an FFT is used. As mentioned in Section 6.2.2 Frequency Domain Processing- Doppler Power Spectrum on page 198, when there is no or very little clutter, use of a rectangular weighting function leads to the lowest- variance estimates of intensity, mean velocity and spectrum width.
Page 213 A key point is that in the event that the sum of the three central components is less than the corresponding noise power, then it is assumed that there is no clutter and all of the moments are then VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 211...
Page 214 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ calculated using a rectangular window. If the power in the three central components is only slightly larger than the noise level, then the computed width for clutter removal will be so narrow that only the central (DC) point shall be removed. This is very important since, if there is no clutter then we want to do nothing or at worst only remove the central component.
Page 215 ORDA network up-grade (Ice et al, 2004). They conclude that GMAP meets the ORDA requirements. Their study was based on a built-in simulator that is provided as part of the RVP900 and the ascope utility. The simulator allows users to construct Doppler spectra, process them and evaluate the results (Sirmans and Bumgarner, 1975).
Page 216 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ with -40 dB power without any clutter and without any GMAP filtering. The graph at the upper right shows the same spectrum with 0 dB of clutter power added for a clutter width of 0.012 (0.3 m/s at S band, 1000 Hz PRF). This is a CSR of 40 dB.
Page 217 Chapter 6 ______________________________________________________ Processing Algorithms Figure 44 GMAP Example 0916-058 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 215...
Page 218: Autocorrelation R(N) Processing
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 6.3 Autocorrelation R(n) Processing 6.3.1 Point Clutter Remover The first step in autocorrelation processing is the optional removal of point clutter. "Point Clutter" is a non-meteorological target of very narrow range. These are either small strong targets, such as airplanes, ships, or other moving objects.
Page 219: Range Averaging And Clutter Microsuppression
T and R values. This reduces the number of bins in the final output to save processing both in the RVP900 and in the host computer. At the user's option, the range averaged data can be restricted to include only those bins which have an estimated clutter-to-signal ratio that falls within the CCOR threshold interval.
Page 220 232). The parameter I is the measured noise power at IF with appropriate calibration for the system gain. Calibration of the RVP900 involves defining the radar constant C and measuring the value of I . This is discussed in detail in Section 6.5...
Page 221 4th Term:ar: Gaseous Attenuation Correction This term accounts for gaseous attenuation. The constant a is set in the RVP900 EEROM since it is a function of wavelength. For a C-band system the default value is 0.016 dB per km (for two-way path attenuation).
Page 222: Velocity
In this equation, the dBZ0 is the term . The dBZ0 fed ------------------- - into the RVP900 is the basic , while the processor modifies the value by the ratio Nr/Nc. Values read out by the GPARM command, etc. will be the modified value.
Page 223: Spectrum Width Algorithms
If the absolute value of the true velocity of the scatterers is greater than V then the velocity calculated by the RVP900 is folded into the interval [- V ] , which is called the Nyquist interval. Folding is usually easily recognized on a color display by a discontinuous jump in velocities.
Page 224 For scientific purposes, the spectrum width (standard deviation) is more physically meaningful than the variance, since it scales linearly with the severity of wind shear and turbulence. For these reasons, the width W is output by the RVP900: Variance --------------------------- - ...
Page 225: Signal Quality Index (Sqi Threshold)
Chapter 6 ______________________________________________________ Processing Algorithms 6.3.6 Signal Quality Index (SQI threshold) An important feature of the RVP900 is its ability to eliminate signals which are either too weak to be useful, or which have widths too large to justify further analysis. This is done through SQI, which is defined as:...
Page 226 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ In this case CCOR is estimated from, CCOR ----- - ---------- - ----------------------- -------------------------------------- ---------- - Here, the expression is strictly valid only when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR=S/N) is large. Thus when the 2-lag approach is used, the clutter corrections are not as accurate for weak weather signals.
Page 227: Weather Signal Power (Sig Threshold)
This term represents the SNR after the removal of clutter. The CCOR value is the one de-scribed for R in the previous section. Calculation In this case the SIG is computed based on the SNR which is:  --------------------- -  – VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 225...
Page 228: Signal+Noise)/Noise Ratio (Log Threshold)
6.4 Thresholding An important feature of the RVP900 is its ability to accept or reject incoming data based on derived properties of the signals themselves. Typically, "rejected" data are not displayed by the user's software, thus making for very clean weather presentations.
Page 229 HydroClass pre-classifier. The default threshold value is 0.45. The following are the default threshold combinations for each of the parameters that can be selected for output from the RVP900: Parameter Description Threshold Reflectivity with clutter correction...
Page 230: Adjusting Threshold Qualifiers
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 6.4.2 Adjusting Threshold Qualifiers The effect of the various threshold qualifiers for each output parameter are discussed in this section. In optimizing thresholds for your application, it is recommended that you change only one parameter (level or criterion) at a time so that you can verify the effect.
Page 231: Speckle Filters
6.4.3 Speckle Filters A speckle filter is a final pass over each output ray, in which isolated bins are removed. There are two speckle removers in the RVP900: 1D single-ray speckle filter (default)—This is used for any output parameter.
Page 232 6.4.3.1 1D Speckle Filter A ray is the basic azimuth unit of the RVP900 (for example, 1 degree) over which the samples are averaged to obtain the output base data (T, Z, V, W). For this filter, a speckle is defined as any single, valid bin (not thresholded), having thresholded bins on either side of it in range.
Page 233 3x3. 3x3, average to fill the center point. The 2D 3x3 filter performs two functions: Filling by interpolation Thresholding of isolated noise bins Some examples are shown graphically in the Figure 48. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 231...
Page 234 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 48 2D 3x3 Filtering Concepts 0916-060 For all the parameters except velocity, the interpolated value for filling is computed as the arithmetic mean of all available neighbors. The procedure for velocity is similar, except that the 8-bit angles are first converted to Cartesian vectors, then averaged and converted back to polar.
Page 235: Reflectivity Calibration
The calculation of reflectivity described in Section 6.3.3 Reflectivity on page 215 required the calibration reflectivity dBZ . This section describes it's derivation. You can use the zauto utility to perform the calibration. (refer to the IRIS/RDA Utilities Manual.) VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 233...
Page 236: Plot Method For Calibration Of Io
RF and IF components leading up to the RVP900. The green line can be interpreted as the response of an ideal noise-free amplifier having gain GdB , while the red curve is the response of the real-world amplifier(s) whose equivalent front-end noise is I ...
Page 237 In the above example, a 1.2dB LOG detection threshold is shown (horizontal blue line) for the received signal. If the RVP900 is applying sufficient range and time averaging so that thermal noise alone produces very few false alarms above 1.2dB, then will be a full 5dB lower than I .
Page 238: Single-Point Direct Method For Calibration Of Io
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Finally turn it all the way down and make one more sample to measure the noise level N. I is obtained from the intercept of the horizontal line at N and the straight line fit to the linear portion of the curve. This value must be corrected for losses as discussed in the section below.
Page 239: Treatment Of Losses In The Calibration
The signal generator values can be plotted directly and the intercept power I can be corrected for losses so that it is properly referenced to power at the feed. This is the approach used by the IRIS zauto utility. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 237...
Page 240: Determination Of Dbzo
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Feed Receive Path Feed t Feed Feed:Coupler Transmit Path RVP7 Coupler Transmitter Cable Sig Gen siggen Figure 50 Illustration of Losses that Affect LOG Calibration 0916-062 6.5.4 Determination of dBZ The calibration reflectivity is determined from the radar equation as follows: ...
Page 241  2.69 10   --------------------------------- - L t ------------------------------------------------------- - 2.0    1   1   19 953    3 – 2 – 1 –    6.76 10 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 239...
Page 242: Dual Prt Processing Mode
NOTE have not yet been ported into the RVP900. The RVP900 supports two major modes for Dual PRT processing, that is, algorithms using triggers that consist of alternate short and long periods. Most of the Doppler parameters are available in each of these modes. You may also request time series data in both cases;...
Page 243 PRF limit, which typically will be much higher. To insure this, you must make sure that the PWINFO command is disabled in the RVP900 Mc setup menu. There is no duty cycle protection if you do not do this.
Page 244: Dprt-2 Mode
DPRT-2 algorithm is similar, except that the folded velocity from both PRTs are unfolded independently and then averaged together. In addition to the above, the RVP900 also computes the DC average of the (I,Q) data within each bin. This is used as a simple estimate of clutter power, so that corrected reflectivities are available in DPRT-2 mode whenever a non-zero clutter filter is selected.
Page 245  ----------------------- u unfold 4     – Now if τ and figure τ are in a 3:2 ratio, then:     – --- - ---- - VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 243...
Page 246 If the target is at all noisy, then this increase in variance can be severe. Rather than use Ø directly, the RVP900 uses it only as a rough estimate in determining how to unfold the individual velocity measured from each PRF.
Page 247 Likewise, when high-PRF data are acquired the velocities are unfolded based on the previous low-PRF interval. Thus, when operating in the Dual PRF mode, the RVP900 outputs one data ray for each (N+k)-pulse interval. However, the velocity data in the Dual PRF rays are unfolded, so that the [-1,+1] interval now represents either two or three times the prior velocity range.
Page 248 However, there is a useful work-around in the RVP900 to minimize their impact — turning the clutter filter off at far ranges where little clutter is expected and using a narrow clutter filter minimizes the effects of the clutter filter on weather targets.
Page 249: Random Phase Second Trip Processing
Doppler velocities are not valid, but the noise from the 2nd trip echoes can obscure valid first trip velocity information. The RVP900 has optional random phase processing for the filtering and recovery of second trip echoes. Details of the technique are proprietary to Vaisala, Inc.
Page 250: Algorithm
For a magnetron radar, the RVP900 measures the phase of the transmitted pulse and the phase locking is done digitally as opposed to the traditionally locking COHO.
Page 251: Tuning For Optimal Performance
Since the strong echo generates noise that obscures the weaker echo, the approach used in the RVP900 is to filter the echo from the other trip — the whitening filter. This is shown in the figure. The adaptive whitening filter removes both the clutter and the weather.
Page 252 In both cases we are trying to extract a weak weather signature using a filtering procedure that relies on the spectral confinement of the stronger signal. The RVP900 already has a parameter that can be adjusted to control sub-clutter visibility, that is, the Clutter-to-Signal Ratio (CSR).
Page 253 For optimum performance, the 2D 3x3 speckle filter should be used to smooth the second trip seams that occur for each ray. In fact, this smoothing of the second trip seam makes the dual PRF random phase mode work even better than the single PRF random phase. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 251...
Page 254 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Ideal 1st Trip Ideal 2nd Trip Raw 1st Trip with Raw 2nd Trip with 1st Trip Noise Contamination 2nd Trip Noise Contamination Filtered 1st Trip Filtered 2nd Trip Inverse Transfrom and Re-Cohere Recovered 1st Trip Recovered 2nd Trip Figure 53 Random Phase Processing Algorithm 0916-065...
Page 255: Signal Generator Testing Of The Algorithms
τ = 1/PRF. The phase measured at that bin on the n pulse will be the integral of the frequency within that pulse starting from range zero (since the RVP900 is phase locked to range zero):  ...
Page 256: Verifying Phidp And Kdp
The PHIDP and KDP processing algorithms can be tested using CW signal sources at IF. In the alternating-transmitter single-receiver case, a single FM signal generator is modulated with an RVP900 polarization select line so that slightly different frequencies are generated for the H and V pulses.
Page 257 S is a close enough approximation to zero in the above formula. If we now observe the two receive channels with the RVP900 at a PRF of 800Hz, we will see the various RHOAB terms varying with range; reaching a high value of 1.00, and a low value of 0.707. The plots will be...
Page 258 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ and then verifying that the average H and V powers are identical; or, equivalently, that ZDR, LDRH and LDRV are zero. The linear FM ramp described in Section 6.9.1 Linear Ramp of Velocity with Range on page 251 can also be used as a test of RHOAB in adual- receiver system.
Page 259: Host Computer Commands
All data transferred to or from the RVP900 are in the form of 16-bit words. Before attempting to program the RVP900, it is a good idea to at least skim through the descriptions of every command. The instruction set has been designed to be as concise and orthogonal as possible.
Page 260 When the output FIFO is full and the RVP900 has the next word ready for output, there is another way that the idle wait loop can be exited, that is, if the processor detects that the user is performing a write I/O cycle.
Page 261: No-Operation (Nop)
Chapter 7 __________________________________________________ Host Computer Commands The discarded output data are not in fact lost. Rather, the data are eventually replaced with an equal number of zeros. Each time the RVP900 discards an output word, it also increments an internal 24-bit count. When FIFO space becomes available in the future, the processor replaces all of the missing data with zero-valued placeholders.
Page 262 100th sample. In the extreme case where there are not enough mask bits to result in even one complete bin, the RVP900 forces the averaging to zero and turns on a single bin at zero range.
Page 263: Setup Operating Parameters (Soprm)
The sample size is continually adjustable from 1 to 256 pulses. However, 0916-069 during the alternating polarization mode, the sample size must be even. If an odd value is entered it is rounded up by one in that case. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 261...
Page 264 3x3 Switches on the 3x3 2D output filter (see Section 6.4.3 Speckle Filters on page 227). The RVP900 automatically handles all of the pipelining overhead associated with running the 3×3 filter, that is, valid output data are always obtained in response to every PROC command.
Page 265 The clutter correction threshold is a bound on the computed log receiver 0916-073 adjustment for clutter. These corrections (in dB) are always negative. Any clutter correction which is more negative than the above value can result in thresholding of data. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 263...
Page 266 The TopMode bits select the overall data acquisition and processing mode 0916-077 for the RVP900. Although the processing algorithms that are used in each top level mode are quite different, the RVP900 command set works in a uniform way in all modes. 0000...
Page 267 Window |ZER| Filter Stabilization Delay Input 10 |_______|___|___|___________|___|_______________________________| The RVP900 clutter filters are controlled by this word. 0916-078 Delay This delay is introduced prior to processing the next ray of data whenever Dual- PRF velocity unfolding is enabled or the RVP900 has been reconfigured by user commands. The delay permits the clutter filter transients to settle down following PRF and gain switches.
Page 268 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ If set, the RVP900 will attempt to run its standard processing algorithms even when a custom trigger pattern has been selected via the SETPWF command. Unfold velocities using a simple (Vhigh Vlow ) algorithm, rather than the standard algorithm described in Section 6.7...
Page 269 Threshold Control Flags for Corrected Reflectivity Input 12 |_______________________________________________________________| See Description for Input #11. 0916-081 Threshold Control Flags for Velocity Input 13 |_______________________________________________________________| See Description for Input #11. 0916-082 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 267...
Page 270 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Threshold Control Flags for Width Input 14 |_______________________________________________________________| See Description for Input #11. 0916-083 Additive Offset for Measured AZ Angles (Binary Angle) Input 15 |_______________________________________________________________| 0916-084 Additive Offset for Measured EL Angles (Binary Angle) Input 16 |_______________________________________________________________| 0916-085 Intervening Gas Attenuation Correction (dB/km) Input 17...
Page 271 Range smoothing can be performed on raw moment data prior to the 0916-091 computation of scientific parameters. The number of bins to sum together is given here. This should generally be an odd integer so that no range bias is introduced by the smoothing operation. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 269...
Page 272 This word is a combination of MMTS_xxx bits specifying what types of 0916-094 mismatches are okay (do not cause an all-zero ray to be produced) during PROC command processing of timeseries data that are played back from an external source into the RVP900. 270 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 273 This makes the LOG threshold behave properly even as the noise floor becomes elevated due to very strong clutter targets. A value of zero will restore the RVP900 defaults from the Mf menu. Melting Height in Meters Above/Below Mean Sea Level...
Page 274: Interface Input/Output Test (Iotest)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 13 Default Values For Operating Parameters Parameter Scientific Units Input Sample Size 25 pulses Flag Word 0007 Hex Log Slope 0.03 dB/LSB 1966 LOG Threshold 0.5 dB CCOR Threshold 25.0 dB Signal Quality Index Threshold 0.5 (dimensionless) SIG Threshold 10.0 dB Calibration Reflectivity...
Page 275: Interface Output Test (Otest)
IOTEST, since the input data paths to the processor are not being checked. Typically, the OTEST is performed only when the IOTEST fails, and then to determine whether the fault was on input or output. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 273...
Page 276: Sample Noise Level (Snoise)
Two bits in the command word determine which, if any, of the new values overrides the current values stored in the RVP900. The power-up sampling range is 250 km (input value of 250), and the power-up trigger rate is 200 Hz (input value of 30000).
Page 277 "I" and "Q" values, reissuing the command is much less critical than with the RVP6. The noise levels must be measured for the RVP900 to properly process data. This can be done by issuing the SNOISE at least once after power-up, or by setting the correct values for the power-up noise levels with the Mt setup command (see Section 4.2.5...
Page 278 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Starting Range in km (Max 992km) of 32km Sampling Interval Input 1 |_______________________________________________________________| | Internal Trigger Rate (6Mhz/N) to use During Noise Sampling Input 2 |_______________________________________________________________| The following input words are optional, only if Action=1. 0916-103 0 | (MSB) Log of Measured Noise Level (LSB) | Input 3...
Page 279: Initiate Processing (Proc)
Error detected during the SNOISE command. 7.7 Initiate Processing (PROC) The PROC command controls the actual processing and output of radar data. The operating modes and types of data available from the RVP900 are described in Chapter 2, Introduction and Specifications, on page 17.
Page 280 For Doppler data either a 2:3, 3:4, or 4:5 PRF unfolding ratio may be selected. The RVP900 carries out all of the unfolding steps internally, so that mean velocity is now output with respect to the larger unambiguous interval.
Page 281 (No-Headers) bit in SOPRM Input #2 is clear. For example, if TAG angle headers are requested, if the ARC, Z and V bits are all set, and if there are 100 bins selected in the current range mask, then each RVP900 output ray consists of the following:...
Page 282 SOPRM Command input word #2 (see Section 7.3 Setup Operating Parameters (SOPRM) on page 259). The same SOPRM word configures the RVP900 for single or dual polarization. The later is required for K , PDP, and RHV to be computed properly. 280 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 283 The overall range is from 0.01 m/s to 655.34 m/s in one cm/s steps as follows: 0 : Indicates width data is not available at this range 1 : 0.01 m/s 65534 : 655.34 m/s 65535 : Reserved Code Selects clutter corrected reflectivity data. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 281...
Page 284 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 8-Bit deciBel Format—The level in decibels is computed from the unsigned byte N as: The overall range is therefore from -31.5 dBZ to +95.5 dBZ in half-dB steps as follows: 0 : Indicates no reflectivity data available at this range 1 : -31.5 dBZ 64 : 0.0 dBZ 128 : +32.0 dBZ...
Page 285 Format The phase angle in degrees is computed on a 360-degree interval from the unsigned word N as: 0 : Indicates no φ data available at this range 1 : 0.00 deg 65534 : 359.995 deg 65535 : Reserved Code VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 283...
Page 286 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Selects dual polarization correlation coefficient ρ data. 8-Bit ρ Format—The correlation coefficient is computed on the interval 0.0 to 1.0 using a square root weighting of the unsigned byte N as: 0 : Indicates no ρ data available at this range 1 : 0.0000 (dimensionless) 2 : 0.0629 253 : 0.9980...
Page 287 | TSOUT | Sub Type |Unfold | 1 | 0 Command |_______|_______________|_______|___|_______|___________________| 0916-112 TSOUT Selects type of data to be output 00 : 8-bit Time Series 01 : Power Spectrum 10 : 16-bit Time Series 11 : Unused VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 285...
Page 288 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ When the TSOUT bits select "Power Spectrum" then, depending on the current major mode, a further choice may be needed to select one of several spectral view points. For the Random Phase major mode the possible values of "Sub Type" are: 0: Raw First Trip 4: Raw Second Trip 1: Whitened First Trip...
Page 289 In a floating point encoding format, the notion of fixed additive quantization noise is not really correct. For a signal having a given power, the additive noise within each instantaneous sample will scale down according to the magnitude of that sample. The ensemble of VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 287...
Page 290 Slope = "Log Power Slope" word 3 of SOPRM command. 0.03 recommended. For backwards compatibility, the RVP900 produces a 8-bit fixed point time series format. Because of the limited dynamic range available, this will only show strong signals, and is not recommended for use. The I, Q,...
Page 291 ). Thus, the spectral output terms are almost always negative. The time series that are output by the RVP900 are the filtered versions of the raw data, when available. If a non-zero time-domain clutter filter is selected at a bin, then the I and Q data for that bin show the effects of the filter.
Page 292: Load Clutter Filter Flags (Lfilt)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ occur. In such cases, the correct number of words are still output, but they are all zero after the point at which overflow was detected. 7.8 Load Clutter Filter Flags (LFILT) A special feature of the RVP9 processor is that any of the available clutter filters may be chosen independently at each selected range.
Page 293 2D or even 3D table of clutter filter selections that are dynamically selected during live data processing. The RVP900 maintains an internal array of up to 1024 different filter- versus-range tables, each of which is keyed to a particular solid angle AZ/EL sector.
Page 294: Get Processor Parameters (Gparm)
Total of Ceil(NBins/2) Words Loaded 0916-117 7.9 Get Processor Parameters (GPARM) This command is used to access status information from the RVP900 processor. Sixty-four words are always transferred, some later words are reserved for future compatibility and are read as zeros. For convenience, a...
Page 295 Chapter 7 __________________________________________________ Host Computer Commands Table 14 RVP900 Status Output Words (Continued) Word Description Number of Range Bins Current trigger period Current TAG00 - TAG15 Current TAG16 - TAG31 Log of Measured Noise Level "I" Channel DC Offset "Q" Channel DC Offset...
Page 296 Rev 6–4 Serial Number Output 1 |_______________|___________|___________________________________| The revision and serial numbers of the particular RVP900 board are 0916-118 accessible here. This information is useful when computer software is being designed to handle a variety of signal processor revisions. The revision number is seven bits total;...
Page 297 0916-120 noise sample. The output format is either signed 16-bit values in which ±32767 represent ±1.0 (legacy format), or packed time series values using the High-SNR encoding format. Bit-9 of GPARM Word-59 shows which format to use. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 295...
Page 298 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Latched Status Word (Bits Cleared After Each Access) Output 9 |_______________________________________________________________| 0916-121 Bit 0 No Trigger during noise measurement Bit 1 Trigger too fast during noise measurement, that is, some of the noise sample bins were positioned past the trigger range Bit 2 No trigger during PROC command...
Page 299 DSP has full IAGC hardware and firmware configuration Bit 9 DSP supports 16-bit floating time series Bit 11, 10 Current unfolding mode Bit 13, 12 Number of RVP900/PROC compute processes minus one Bit 14 DSP supports Power Spectrum output Diagnostic Result Register...
Page 300 The trigger count is a running tally of the number of triggers received by 0916-124 the RVP900 on the TRIGIN line. It is a full 24-bit counter. | Number of Properly Acquired Bins for Current Range Mask & PRT |...
Page 301 IFDR test switches are not in their normal operating position Bit 12 Set according to whether the RVP900 is performing trigger blanking. This allows the host computer to decide whether to interpret the End-TAG-0 bit in the output ray header as a blanking flag, or as a normal TAG line.
Page 302 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ See PWINFO command, input word #1, for definition of these bits. PWidthS Window TopMode PWidth Output 26 |___________________|___________|_______________|_______________| 0916-129 PWidth Currently selected radar pulse width TopMode Major Mode (See SOPRM Input #9) Window Spectral Window Choice (See SOPRM Input #10) PWidthS Pulse width of second pulse in hybrid transmit waveform...
Page 303 SQI Threshold Output 35 |_______________________________|_______________________________| (From V) SIG Threshold in 1/16 of dB Output 36 |_______________________________________________________________| (From V) Calibration Reflectivity in 1/16 of dB Output 37 |_______________________________________________________________| Reserved (Zero) Output 38 |_______________________________|_______________________________| Reserved (Zero) Output 39 |_______________________________|_______________________________| 0916-133 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 301...
Page 304 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ | Range Avg (From LRMSK Command)| Output 40 |_______________________________|_______________________________| Reserved (Zero) Output 41 |_______________________________________________________________| Reserved (Zero) Output 42 |_______________________________________________________________| Header Config of PROC data (CFGHDR Input #1, Section 6.22) Output 43 |_______________________________________________________________| Noise Sum of I Squared MSB=2**–16 LSB=2**–31 Output 44...
Page 305 Chapter 7 __________________________________________________ Host Computer Commands in the presence of a strong test signal. Since "I" and "Q" are inherently balanced in the RVP900, these output words are no longer of much value. Log of Measured Noise Level (same as word 6)
Page 306 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ | Interference Filter Parameter “C1” in Hundredths of deciBels Output 53 |_______________________________________________________________| | Interference Filter Parameter “C2” in Hundredths of deciBels Output 54 |_______________________________________________________________| Immediate Status Word #3 (Current State of Affairs) Output 55 |_______________________________________________________________| 0916-137 Bit 0 Burst pulse timing adjustments can be made Bit 1 Burst pulse frequency adjustments can be made...
Page 307 Using High-SNR packed (I,Q) format Bit 5 Trigger sequence truncated due to insufficient pattern memory Bit 6 Time series data source is external to the RVP900 Bit 7 WSR88D "Batch" mode is supported Bit 8 Major mode refuses to use external trigger...
Page 308: Load Simulated Time Series Data (Lsimul)
LSIMUL command permits independent I and Q samples to be simulated at every bin of every pulse. If this results in more host computer I/O than is practical, then specify fewer simulated bins and allow the RVP900 to replicate them internally.
Page 309 Reserved Input 4 |_______________________________________________________________| In the legacy Format #2 (RVP5-RVP900) each bin within the pulse is 0916-144 represented by four 16-bit fixed point words. Thus, the total number of words loaded is (4+4B), where B is the bin count specified in Word #1.
Page 310 Reserved Input 8 |_______________________________________________________________| In Format #3 (new in the RVP900) each bin within the pulse is represented 0916-145 by two 16-bit floating point words having the exact same format as the packed (I,Q) time-series data that are output by the PROC command (See Section 7.7 Initiate Processing (PROC) on page...
Page 311: Reset (Reset)
TRIGWF should not be used in any new code applications that drive the RVP900. The RVP900 has a built-in trigger generator that can synthesize six independent digital output waveforms, each having arbitrary shape and being active anywhere in a window centered around zero-range. The six trigger outputs can be defined by a 2048-word by 6-bit table which is loaded from the user computer.
Page 312 7.195MHz rate, and the beginning of the 1024th array word (1025th word following the command) corresponds exactly to the instant at which data at range zero are sampled by the RVP900. Note that the output rate can also be interpreted as a new bit coming every 1/48 km. In some cases this is a more useful view.
Page 313: Define Pulse Width Control And Prt Limits (Pwinfo)
0916-150 7.13 Define Pulse Width Control and PRT Limits (PWINFO) The RVP900 is equipped to control the radar transmitter's pulse width and corresponding receiver bandwidth. There are sixteen pulse/bandwidth codes, numbered 0 through 15. The association between codes and pulse widths is completely determined by the needs and capabilities of the particular radar on hand.
Page 314 The PWINFO command can be disabled (for transmitter safety), so that PRT limits cannot accidently be changed by the host computer. When this is done the RVP900 still reads the five input words, but no changes are made to the pulse width and PRT information. Thus, the command I/O behaves the same way, whether enabled or disabled.
Page 315: Set Pulse Width And Prf (Setpwf)
3/2, 4/3, or 5/4 the short period, and the trigger generator alternates between the short and long rates on each successive ray. |UpperPW| (Rsv) |LowerPW| Command |_______|_______|_______|_______|___________|___________________| UpperPW Upper two bits of overall 4-bit pulse width selection 0916-153 LowerPW Lower two bits of overall 4-bit pulse width selection VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 313...
Page 316: Load Antenna Synchronization Table (Lsync)
7.15 Load Antenna Synchronization Table (LSYNC) The RVP900 can operate in a mode wherein radar data are acquired in synchronization with the antenna motion along either the azimuth or elevation axis. This special feature frees the user computer from having to separately monitor the antenna angles and request each data ray individually.
Page 317 To use the synchronization mode, the trigger angle table is first loaded using the LSYNC command. The user chooses the number of table entries and then writes the required number of words to the RVP900. The angles must be supplied in a clockwise strictly increasing order, and they must neither reach nor pass zero degrees by the table's end.
Page 318 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ limit, at which point processing for that ray is terminated. Once this happens, a new trigger angle is assigned based on which limit was crossed. The maximum number of pulses that will be present in each ray during angle syncing is given by the Sample Size field of the SOPRM command.
Page 319: Set/Clear User Led (Sled)
Note that the red LED can be configured to serve as an internal activity indicator (see TTY setups), in which case this command has no effect. |LED| Command |___________________________|___|___________|___________________| 0916-159 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 317...
Page 320: Tty Operation (Ttyop)
RVP900 setup TTY. Characters entered in this manner are indistinguishable from those typed on the actual TTY; hence, whatever one can do via the TTY, one can also do via this command. The RVP900 sends all TTY output to whichever stream (TTY, or host computer) provided the most recent input character.
Page 321 The data for each stroke of the plot is given by the following sequence of 0916-163 501 words. | Stroke Number | Plot Data |_______________|_______________________________|_______________| Value to Plot (0 – 4095) | Word #1 |_______________|_______________________________________________| Value to Plot (0 – 4095) | Word #500 |_______________|_______________________________________________| 0916-164 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 319...
Page 322: Load Custom Range Normalization (Ldrnv)
7.18 Load Custom Range Normalization (LDRNV) Reflectivities computed by the RVP900 are ordinarily corrected for range effects by adding an offset in deciBels equal to 20 log(R/1 km), where R is the range in kilometers. This correction is based on a simple filled beam geometry, and is sufficiently accurate for most meteorological observations.
Page 323: Read Back Internal Tables And Parameters (Rback)
Chapter 7 __________________________________________________ Host Computer Commands 7.19 Read Back Internal Tables and Parameters (RBACK) This command permits some of the RVP900 internal tables to be read back for confirmation and diagnostic purposes. This command would not generally be used during normal data acquisition and processing.
Page 324: Pass Auxiliary Arguments To Opcodes (Xargs)
This command provides a backward compatible mechanism for supplying additional (optional) arguments to other opcodes. The command may be used freely in the RVP900 instruction stream, even if the opcode being modified does not expect any optional arguments. XARGS will be a NOP in that case.
Page 325: Load Clutter Filter Specifications (Lfspecs)
7.21 Load Clutter Filter Specifications (LFSPECS) The RVP900 allows seven different clutter filters (plus the fixed all-pass filter) to be resident at once, so that an appropriate filter can be selected and applied to each processed ray based on Range, Azimuth, and/or Elevation.
Page 326 XARGs that give the specific filter parameters. Beginning with the Filter Type, the complete XARG list is a struct rvp900SpecFiltIO ( See include/rvp900.h ) for each of the following filter types. Type:0 SPFILT_FIXED Fixed Width Spectral Filter...
Page 327: Configure Ray Header Words (Cfghdr)
Word #4 TAG3116 End of Ray When the RVP900 is operating in dual PRF mode, bit zero of the "start" TAG word is replaced with a flag indicating that the ray's PRF was low (0) or high (1). When trigger blanking is enabled, bit zero of the "end" TAG word is replaced with a flag indicating that the trigger was blanked (0) or normal (1).
Page 328: Configure Interference Filter (Cfgintf)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Also, the RVP900 will output all zeroed data whenever a ray contains any blanked pulses. PRT (Pulse Repetition Time) measured at the end of the ray. Same format as GPARM Word #30. The measured PRT's are forced to 0xFFFF (the maximum unsigned value) whenever the external trigger is expected but missing.
Page 329: Set Afc Level (Setafc)
GPARM Output #51 which shows the present AFC level, that is, corresponding to the -100% to +100% AFC range that is defined in the Mb menu. The RVP900 will automatically convert the new level into whatever analog or digital AFC output format has been configured. The only exception is for the Motor/Integrator type of AFC loop, in which case this command does nothing.
Page 330: Set Trigger Timing Slew (Setslew)
This command allows you to manually set the present amount of slew. The input argument is in hundredths of microseconds, that is, ranging from - 327.68 µsec to +327.67 µsec. The actual span permitted by the RVP900 is ±20 µsec. This is the same format used in GPARM Output #56 which shows the present slew value.
Page 331: Configure Phase Modulation (Cfgphz)
BPHUNT is given. 7.27 Configure Phase Modulation (CFGPHZ) This command configures the RVP900 phase control output lines, which determine the relative phase of each transmitted pulse. In some cases the phase sequence that is chosen will also have side effects elsewhere in the processor, for example, different algorithms may be used in Random Phase mode according to the transmit sequence that is requested.
Page 332: Set User Iq Bits (Uiqbits)
(as little as 32-pulses). With no XARGS, the RVP900 automatically generates the phase sequence using the closest realizable angles that the phase modulation hardware can produce.
Page 333: Set Individual Thresholds (Thresh)
Note that the GPARM command will read out the threshold numbers set for velocity. To read back the numbers for each data type use the RBACK command (Section 7.19 Read Back Internal Tables and Parameters (RBACK) on page 319). Command |_______________|_______________________________________________| 0916-177 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 331...
Page 334 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Command |_______________|_______________________________________________| The first three words supply a mask that indicates which data types are being set: | Z | T | V | W |ZDR| |KDP| Input 1 |___|___|___|___|___|___|_______|___|___________________________| | (Tx Vert) | (Tx Horz) | |Flg|Phi Rho Ldr|Phi Rho Ldr|SQI|RHV|PDP| Input 2 |_______________________|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|___|...
Page 335: Set Task Identification Information (Taskid)
The iAqMode field of the pulse headers (struct rvp900PulseHdr) will be incremented each time a TASKID opcode is received, but the continuous flow of (I,Q) data from the RVP900/Rx card(s) will not be disturbed in any way. The TASKID command defines a 16-character Null-terminated name, along with a 16-bit sweep number and 16-bit auxiliary (user defined) number.
Page 336: Define Prf Pie Slices (Prfsect)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 7.31 Define PRF Pie Slices (PRFSECT) This command supplements the SETPWF command (Section 7.14 Set Pulse Width and PRF (SETPWF) on page 311) and allows an alternatetrigger PRF to be generated within prescribed AZ/EL sectors. As many as eight different trigger sectors can be defined by invoking PRFSECT for each separate region.
Page 337: Configure Target Simulator (Targsim)
0916-183 7.32 Configure Target Simulator (TARGSIM) The RVP900 contains a built-in target simulator tool that can test and debug processing algorithms that work with multiple trip returns. Several real physical targets can be simulated, each having a range span measured in kilometers, a Doppler shift in Hertz, and an echo power relative to the saturation level of the receiver.
Page 338 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The target simulator can be used with both live and simulated (I,Q) data (See LSIMUL opcode in Section 7.10 Load Simulated Time Series Data (LSIMUL) on page 304). In the former case, it allows you to overlay simulated physical targets on top of real physical targets from the radar receiver.
Page 339: Set Burst Pulse Processing Options (Bpopts)
|_______________________________________________|___|___|___|___| 0916-188 PLY/N These bits affect whether the RVP900 will phase lock its (I,Q) data to the measured burst pulse. The "PLY" and "PLN" bits force "Yes" and "No" responses. If both bits are clear or both bits are set, then no change will be made.
Page 340: Custom User Opcode (Usrintr And Usrcont)
7.34 Custom User Opcode (USRINTR and USRCONT) These opcodes are part of the open software extensions to the RVP900, which allow custom opcodes to be defined for each major mode of operation. Arguments may be passed into a custom opcode handler as an XARG list.
Page 341 This way melting layer height can be used in different live data processing applications such as Hydroclass. The RVP900 maintains an internal array of up to 1024 different filter versus- range tables, each of which is keyed to a particular angle (EL, for PPIs and AZ, for RHIs).
Page 342 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 340 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 343 Is the minimum between the number of sweep of the running task and the DPOLAPP_MAX_ML_SWEEPS. Number of rays The number of rays is calculated as follows: where iRES is the desired angular resolution expressed as an integer number of thousands of degrees. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 341...
Page 344 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Number of bins Corresponds to the number of output bins Angular resolution Is the binary angle of the corresponding angle in degrees Bin starting Range of the first bin in centimeters Bin Spacing It is the product of the number of output bins by the step divided by the number of bins.
Page 345: Appendix Aserial Status Formats
APPENDIX A SERIAL STATUS FORMATS The RVP900 can optionally generate this “internal” BITE packet. Most of these bits are copies of data available from the GPARM command. Those bits are labelled with “GP” followed by the word number and bit number.
Page 346 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 15 Internal BITE Packet (RVP900 to Host) (Continued) Char Function Diagnostic Results 14–20 D6 = GP12,D4 = <spare> D5 = GP12,D3 = <spare> D4 = GP12,D2 = <spare> D3 = GP12,D1 = <spare> D2 = GP12,D0 = <spare>...
Page 347 Appendix A ______________________________________________________ Serial Status Formats Table 15 Internal BITE Packet (RVP900 to Host) (Continued) Char Function Immediate Status 22–28 D6 = GP18,D11 = IFDR test switches are not in normal position D5 = GP18,D10 = AFC status (bit 2)
Page 348 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 15 Internal BITE Packet (RVP900 to Host) (Continued) Char Function Immediate Status 64–70 D6 = D5 = D4 = D3 = D2 = D1 = D0 = GP59,D15 = <spare> Latched Status 0–6 D6 = GP9,D6 = Command received while FIFO full D5 = GP9,D5 = FIFO overflow during last PROC command D4 = GP9,D4 = <spare>D3 = GP9,...
Page 349 34-43 <spare> END OF MESSAGE (FF Hex) The RVP900 can optionally generate this “internal” QBITE packet. These values are copies of data available from the GPARM command. Regular GPARM values are labelled with “GP” followed by the word number. Those in the dspExParmIO structure are labelled with “EX” followed by the word number.
Page 350 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 16 Internal QBITE Packet (RVP900 to Host) Char Function SYNC Byte (AF Hex) Identification byte (User Choice) 3–4 Burst pulse frequency, IFDR #1 5–6 Burst pulse frequency, IFDR #2 7–8 Burst pulse power, IFDR #1 9–10 Burst pulse power, IFDR #2 11–12...
Page 351: Appendix Brvp900 Packaging
This section describes the general features of the packaging and the electrical specifications and cabling of these units. B.1 RVP900 Processor Components A complete RVP900 processor is built from the following components: RVP902 Main Computer (see TBD) RVP901 IFDR Module (IF Digital Receiver) (see Section B.4 IFDR...
Page 352: Main Computer
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The circuit boards contain many static sensitive components. Do not NOTE handle the boards or open the IFDR module unless a properly grounded wrist strap is worn. B.3 Main Computer Need description here B.4 IFDR Module The IFDR module mounting brackets are the same dimensions as previous RVP8 generation IFDs.
Page 353 Appendix B _______________________________________________________ RVP900 Packaging Mounting space should also be reserved for the external analog anti-alias filters. These filters can be mounted in the radar cabinet itself, or they can be attached directly to the IFDR on the opposite side of the power supply.
Page 354: Generic I/O Interconnect Breakout Cable
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 55 IFDR - Right and Left Sides 0916-203 Figure 56 IFDR - Fan Side (Heat Sink) 0916-203 B.4.1 Generic I/O Interconnect Breakout Cable A generic interconnect cable is available to breakout each of the 51-pin micro “D” connectors on the IFDR into a standard 25-pin and 37-pin 352 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 355: Optional Dafc
B.5 Optional DAFC The Digital Automatic Freq Control (DAFC) module is used on the RVP900 for magnetron systems to interface to a digitally controlled STALO. The DAFC is driven from the Trig-A trigger output SMA of the IFDR module. DC power needs be provided by running discrete wires, but...
Page 356: Optional Tdwr Custom Back Panel
0916-204 B.6 Optional TDWR Custom Back Panel The RVP900 can be supplied with a custom back panel that connects to the specific electrical signals of the FAA Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR). The back panel connects to the two IFDR 51-pin micro-D I/O...
Page 357 Appendix B _______________________________________________________ RVP900 Packaging The signals assigned to the back panel’s 25-pin I/O connectors are shown in Tables TBD to TBD. Each line in the tables generally describes a pair of signals that should be twisted together for best signal integrity. A common ground is provided on Pin-25 of all eight connectors.
Page 358 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 23 J6 “STC #2” Type Signal Name Comment 6/19 RS-422 STCDATA/STCDATAn STC Serial Loadup Data 7/20 RS-422 TRLFLT/TRLFLTn TRL Fault 8/21 RS-422 STCFLT/STCFLTn STC Fault — — Common Ground Table 24 J7 “Stability Monitor” Type Dir Signal Name Comment 7/20 RS-422...
Page 359 Appendix B _______________________________________________________ RVP900 Packaging Figure 58 J1 to J9 Wiring Diagrams 0916-204 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 357...
Page 360 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 59 J90 to J111 Wiring Diagrams 0916-204 358 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 361 Appendix B _______________________________________________________ RVP900 Packaging Figure 60 J13 Wiring Diagram 0916-204 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 359...
Page 362 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 61 Control Panel Assembly 0916-204 360 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 363: Installation And Test Procedures
Failure to perform one step may effect later tests. A copy of the test results should be kept either on file or with the RVP900 Digital IF Receiver and Signal Processor User’s Manual. Do not write in the manual since it will be replaced with an upgrade;...
Page 364 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ After you have successfully completed the installation and test procedures, your RVP900 is ready to connect to your software application, such as the Vaisala IRIS system. There are additional configuration and calibration procedures before using the RVP900 with the software.
Page 365: Test Checklist
C.21 Calibration and Dynamic Range Check C.22 Receiver Bandwidth Check  C.23 Receiver Phase Noise Check  C.24 Hardcopy and Backup of Final Setups  C.25 RVP901 TxDAC Stand-alone Bench Test  Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 363...
Page 366: Installation Check
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.2 Installation Check Test Goal Verify that the RVP900 is properly connected to the radar system and document some of the basic radar characteristics. There are differences for TWT/Klystron versus magnetron radar systems. Check that RVP901 Digital Receiver is properly connected to AC/DC ...
Page 367: Power Up Check
 When the CAT5E cable is disconnected from either the RVP902 server or RVP901, the red light remains on and the green light turns off. Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 365...
Page 368: Setup Terminal
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.4 Setup Terminal Test Goal Verify that the TTY Setups are accessible and functioning properly. Special Test Equipment Keyboard and mouse Monitor (KVM) are installed locally or on a remote computer (with DspExport running) Test Procedure Follow the procedure in Section 4.1 Overview of Setup Procedures on page to access the TTY setups.
Page 369: Setup "V" Command (Internal Status)
Section 4.1.2 V and Vz – View Card  and System Status on page 100 and shows no faults. We will record the final values of all the settings at the end of the NOTE installation. Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 367...
Page 370: Setup "Mc" Command (Board Configuration)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.6 Setup "Mc" Command (Board Configuration) Test Goal Verify that the TTY setups for the Board Configuration section are properly configured for the customer application. Special Test Equipment KVM connected Reference Section 4.2.1 Mc — Top Level Configuration on page 104 Test Procedure Enter the TTY setups and type the "Mc"...
Page 371: Setup "Mp" Command (Processing Options)
Section 4.2.2 Mp — Processing Options on page 106 Test Procedure Enter the TTY setups and type the "Mp" command. Set all the values, as required, for your operation. Parameters set.  Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 369...
Page 372: Setup "Mf" Command (Clutter Filters)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.8 Setup "Mf" Command (Clutter Filters) Test Goal Verify that the TTY setups for the Clutter Filters section are properly configured for the customer application. Special Test Equipment KVM connected Reference Section 4.2.3 Mf — Clutter Filters on page 112 Test Procedure Enter the TTY setups and type the "Mf"...
Page 373: Setup "Mt" Command (General Trigger Setup)
Background The RVP900 can output up to 10 different triggers. These can be delayed by different amounts, and have different pulse widths. For example, trigger 0 may go to fire the transmitter, while a slightly delayed trigger 1 may be used for triggering an oscilloscope.
Page 374 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Test Procedure Enter the TTY setups and type the "Mt" command. Set all the values, as required, for your operation. The PRF and pulse width set here are the current values, and values used NOTE at power up. Parameters set.
Page 375: Initial Setup Of Information For Each Pulse Width
2 microsecond pulse widths. The duty cycle limits of your radar should be obtained from your system documentation or radar manufacturer. The RVP900 supports up to four pulse widths (coded 0 to 3), although most transmitters typically support only two pulse widths. Record, in the chart below, the pulse width in microseconds and the maximum PRF that is allowed for each pulse width.
Page 376 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ For all unused triggers, set the width to zero. Enter the Maximum PRF from the chart above. Set the initial impulse response length to 1.5 times the pulse width, and the initial pass bandwidth to the inverse of the pulse width. Parameters set.
Page 377: Setup "Mb" Command (Burst Pulse And Afc)
2nd trip echo filtering and recovery. The frequency measurement is used to implement an analog (±10V) AFC output to control the STALO frequency. An external AFC can be used rather than the RVP900 AFC, but is not NOTE recommended.
Page 378 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ 376 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 379: Setup "M+" Command (Debug Options)
The RVP900 supports several test features that are configured in this section. For operational systems, the simulation features should be turned off. Vaisala recommends that the LEDs be set to "1:Go/Proc" so that the front panel red LED flashes during each processing cycle.
Page 380: Setup "Mz" Command (Transmitter Phase Control)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.13 Setup "Mz" Command (Transmitter Phase Control) Test Goal Verify that the TTY setups for the Transmitter Phase Control section are properly configured for the customer application. This feature is not used for magnetron systems since these have inherent random phase that is measured, but not controlled.
Page 381: Ascope Test
As operator, type the "ascope" command and verify that the ascope utility displays correctly and starts to update. Configure a "DEFAULT" startup and save it. Exit and restart ascope. Verify that the default startup is properly restored. Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 379...
Page 382: Burst Pulse Alignment
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.15 Burst Pulse Alignment Test Goal Verify that the burst pulse is present and that its amplitude is sufficient. This test also aligns the burst pulse in the burst pulse sample window. Special Test Equipment KVM connected Reference Section 5.3 Pb —...
Page 383: Bandwidth Filter Adjustment
FIR Length Bandwidth DC Gain Pulsewidth 0 __________usec __________MHz _________ dB Pulsewidth 1 __________usec __________MHz _________ dB Pulsewidth 2 __________usec __________MHz _________ dB Pulsewidth 3 __________usec __________MHz _________ dB Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 381...
Page 384: Digital Afc (Dafc) Alignment (Optional)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.17 Digital AFC (DAFC) Alignment (Optional) Test Goal Verify that the RVP900 DAFC output controls the STALO over the correct span. Special Test Equipment Setup TTY Reference Section 3.4 Digital AFC Module (DAFC) on page 84 Background The RVP900 implements an AFC based on the measurement of the burst pulse frequency.
Page 385 Verify that sufficient span is covered, and the power at the end points is sufficiently high to run the AFC loop. Voltage Frequency Midpoint: _____________A/D _____________A/D Lower limit: _____________A/D _____________A/D Upper limit: _____________A/D _____________A/D Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 383...
Page 386: Mfc Functional Test And Tuning (Optional)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ C.18 MFC Functional Test and Tuning (Optional) Test Goal Verify that the Manual Frequency Control (MFC) is functioning properly. Skip this test if you are not using the RVP900 AFC. NOTE Special Test Equipment KVM connected Reference Section 5.4 Ps —...
Page 387: Afc Functional Test (Optional)
Perform the tests above for each pulse width and verify that the AFC  properly tracks the center frequency: For pulse width 1.  For pulse width 2.  For pulse width 3.  VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 385...
Page 388: Input If Signal Level Check
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ C.20 Input IF Signal Level Check Test Goal Verify that the input signal level is optimized for the RVP901. This is done by observing the power in the noise using the "Pr" command. Special Test Equipment KVM connected Reference...
Page 389: Calibration And Dynamic Range Check
Use the setup terminal to enter the calibration gains, losses, and transmit power values. Use the "ps" command in the dspx utility to put the RVP900 in manual AFC control by pressing the "=" key. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 387...
Page 390 If it is off by more than 0.1 MHz, retune and repeat the test. 14. Use the "ps" command in the dspx utility to put the RVP900 back in automatic AFC control by pressing the "=" key.
Page 391: Receiver Bandwidth Check
Background For proper functioning of the high speed A/D convertors, it is necessary that approximately 14 MHz of broadband noise is available at the RVP900. This noise does not interfere with the signal to noise ratio because the bandwidth filter is applied afterwards. The bandwidth of the anti-aliasing filter should be the limiting factor.
Page 392 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 62 Graph of Total Power vs. IF Frequency 0916-204 Test Passed For Customer_________________________________ Date__________ For Vaisala___________________________________ Date__________ 390 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 393: Receiver Phase Noise Check
Range:______ Phase Noise:______ Az:______ El:______ Range:______ Phase Noise:______ Az:______ El:______ Range:______ Phase Noise:______ Try minor changes in Az, El, and Range to get the lowest phase noise. The goal is less than 1 degree within 20 km. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 391...
Page 394: Hardcopy And Backup Of Final Setups
Printer or ftp access to a computer that supports a printer TTY Setups Hardcopy Listing Start script logging with commands "cd /usr/sigmet/config/listings", "script RVP900.26feb09". Enter the TTY setups and type the "??" command to list all the TTY setups. Exit dspx and script logging with "exit".
Page 395: Rvp901 Txdac Stand-Alone Bench Test
60 dB. Repeat the steps 5 through 7 on the TxDAC-B output port. Apply a 0 dBm SigGen waveform at the selected reference frequency (for example, 10 MHz) to the CLK IN BNC input of the RVP901. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 393...
Page 396 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 10. Verify the V command shows Tx/Clk:Okay, indicating the RVP901 DAC is locking properly. 11. Reduce the SigGen output to -20 dBm and verify the locking is still okay. 12. Vary the frequency by 10 KHz (0.01 MHz) and check that the lock is lost.
Page 397: Rvp900 Developer's Notes
The Vaisala RVP900 is an open-architecture radar signal processor that uses Gigabit Ethernet to interface to the IFDR, which samples the data. The RVP900 software runs under standard RedHat Linux, and is developed and maintained using standard GNU tools (for example, gcc, gdb, make, etc.) Therefore, the RVP900 builds on generic high-volume PC hardware running the Linux kernel and GNU tool set.
Page 398: Rvp Overall Code Organization
This comprises about 15% of the roughly 105 thousand lines of code that make up the complete RDA system. Vaisala does not release the “guts” of the RDA that handles memory management, low-level card drivers, PCI interrupts, PCI DMA operations, cache optimizations, on-board FPGA code, etc.;...
Page 399 Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes PCI Board Firmware—The code that runs within the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chips on the PCI cards. The FPGA code is fundamental to the overall software model, that is, all of the hard real-time functions of the RVP8 are implemented at the chip level on one or more PCI cards.
Page 400 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 64 RVP8 Hardware and Software Organization 0916-204 398 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 401: Rvp8 Software Maintenance Model
The CORE portion of the developer's tree contains no source files, and is delivered only as compiled binaries. The OPEN portion of the tree is fully populated with the actual source files used by Vaisala to build each RVP8 release. This OPEN code should only be used as a reference for programming examples and ideas;...
Page 402: Installing Incremental Rda Upgrades
Check the header file documentation as well as the current Vaisala RDA Release Notes to find out what changes need to be made. The RVP8 will not let you run with incompatible headers. Some...
Page 403: Rebuilding The Rda Linux Kernel Module
Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes and RVP8/Proc errors later in the initializations such as: Forking parallel compute process(es)... RVP8/Proc–0: Requesting exit due to signal 1 RVP8/Main: UNIX Signal: Unexpected RVP8/Proc termination RVP8/Main: RVP8/Proc version mismatch <ProcSite: Ver=2.11 Bld=295> D.2.3 Rebuilding the RDA Linux Kernel...
Page 404: Debugging And Profiling Your Code
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.3 Debugging and Profiling Your Code Although the complete RVP8 is a rather complex multi-thread and multi- process system, it is still a user-level application running under the Linux operating system. Most of the custom code that you develop can be debugged using tools that are already familiar to Linux/C/GNU programmers.
Page 405: Showing Live Acquired Pulse Info: -Showaq
Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes command arrives, along with the two input words, which are expected by that opcode. No output words are generated by SNOISE. The GPARM opcode is received and the 64 output words that it produces are displayed.
Page 406: Showing Coherent Processing Intervals: -Showcpis
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.3.3 Showing Coherent Processing Intervals: -showCPIs Coherent Processing Intervals (CPIs) are blocks of acquired pulses that have been selected as the input data for the computation of each processed ray. You can monitor how the timeseries data stream is being organized into rays, by supplying the -showCPIs flag on the RVP8 startup command line.
Page 407 Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes When no callbacks are registered, or when the registered callback does not request any further activity, the printout will simply look like this: RTC –First- #0(-) #1(-) #2(-) RTC Disabling further callbacks for this PROC section...
Page 408: Using Ddd On The Main & Proc Code
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.3.5 Using ddd on the Main & Proc Code The GNU ddd symbolic debugger is (usually) built on top of the dde command line debugger. Both are mature and well-crafted tools that are provided on all Linux systems. Code that you write for the RVP8/Main threads can be debugged using: $ cd /home/operator/src/rda/rvp8main $ make –j2...
Page 409: Finding Memory Leaks With Valgrind
Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes In another window type: $ cd /home/operator/src/rda/rvp8proc $ make –j2 $ cd open $ ddd rvp8proc which builds the new RVP8/Proc code and starts the debugger. Typing "run" in ddd starts the subprocess, and when it has finished its initializations, the RVP8/Main continues in the other window.
Page 410: Profiling With Gprof
Modes, one has all of the hooks required for full customization. You can code up your own custom algorithms by making incremental changes to one of the Vaisala models, or you can start from scratch and build something completely unique.
Page 411 Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes the rvp8main/site and rvp8proc/site areas, and then making the desired changes. There are four major mode slots reserved for custom user applications. The names of your new modes are defined using the setup utility's RVP–...
Page 412: Function Pointers Are The Key To Customization
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.4.1 Function Pointers are the Key to Customization Each major mode is characterized by a set of function pointers or methods, which define how certain critical operations are to be carried out. The main RVP8 threads are governed by the following methods: struct rvp8MainMajorMode { /* Customized processing routines */ privateData_t *privateData exitMajorMode_f *exitMajorMode...
Page 413: Real-Time Control Of The Rvp8
CPU time. Vaisala has found that intense disk and network I/O are among the worst contributors to high scheduling latency, sometimes amounting to as much as 25 ms of variation.
Page 414: Using The Programmable Callback Timers
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.5.1 Using the Programmable Callback Timers The RT-Ctrl thread is structured around a flexible set of real-time callback timers. The thread is activated each time the initProcSection method is called, and it is deactivated when that PROC section is eventually exited. Thus, real-time control is available whenever live (I,Q) data are also being acquired and processed.
Page 415: Example: Standard Trigger/Antenna Events
Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes D.5.2 Example: Standard Trigger/Antenna Events Refer to the source file rvp8main/open/rtctrl.c, which contains the standard RVP8 code for live trigger control and angle synchronization. The software consists of these pieces: initProcSection_dflt—This is the default routine for initial entry into each PROC section.
Page 416: Example: Real-Time Interrupt Histogram
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.5.3 Example: Real-Time Interrupt Histogram Refer to the source file rvp8main/site/demohist.c, which contains demonstration code for a real-time callback that prints a histogram showing the scatter of callback times brought about by Linux scheduling latencies. First, arrange for this code to be attached to a user major mode by editing rvp8main/site/mt_user.c: Change the default USER1 major mode init routine to call the demo histogram:...
Page 417: Customizing The (I,Q) Data Stream
Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes Verify that selecting some other major mode in ascope results in the messages: Exiting from demohist PROC section Exiting DemoHist major mode D.6 Customizing the (I,Q) Data Stream D.6.1 Defining the FIR Matched Filter D.6.2 Applying Raw Pulse Corrections...
Page 418: Reducing Unnecessary Pci Traffic
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.9.2 Reducing Unnecessary PCI Traffic D.10 Handling Live Antenna Angles D.11 Creating Custom Trigger Sequences D.11.1 Defining Trigger Waveshapes D.11.2 Defining Trigger PRT Sequences D.11.3 Polarization and Phase Control D.11.4 Example: Adding PRT Micro-Stagger Refer to the source file rvp8main/site/demostag.c, which contains demonstration code for building custom trigger timing within a new major mode.
Page 419 Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes difference is that the default trigger generation is superceded by the custom iNominalTrigSequence_stag method. iNominalTrigSequence_stag—This is a direct clone of the factory default trigger code in rvp8main/open/txsubs.c, except that the PRT sequence is altered by a zero-mean pseudo-random set of time staggers.
Page 420: Determining Cpi's And Ray Boundaries
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ D.12 Determining CPI's and Ray Boundaries D.13 Using the RVP TimeSeries API The RVP TimeSeries API is the fundamental interface through which (I,Q) data are made available to all application code, which requires them. This API is central to the design and operation of the RVP8 itself, and is used by the parallel compute processes to access incoming timeseries data.
Page 421: Attach/Detach Details
Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes D.13.2 Attach/Detach Details Use rvptsAttach() to attach and rvptsDetach() to release the connection. Always attach to unit RVPTS_UNIT_MAIN; the others are for internal RVP use. You must also specify the client type you are. Readers are generic, but for writers, there are several choices because we need to switch sources, and we need to know who the sources are.
Page 422: Using The Intel Ipp Library
IPP library on your hardware. The IPP runtime libraries are bundled into each RDA release. Vaisala has purchased a single-user developer's license from Intel which allows one engineer to develop code which links to the IPP library, and then to distribute an unlimited number of copies of that code in executable form.
Page 423 Appendix D _________________________________________________ RVP900 Developer's Notes What are the redistributable files? In general, the redistributable files include the linkable files (.DLL and .LIB files for Windows*, .SO files for Linux*) including the Runtime Installer. With your purchase of the Intel IPP product (and updates through the support service subscription), the redist.txt file...
Page 424 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 422 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 425: Appendix Etime Series Recording
Tsimport—Receives UDP TS packets and recreates the TS API on a local machine. Tsarchive (licensed separately)—Records time series to a local disk. This can be on the RVP900 or a separate networked archive host. Supports both archive and playback. Ascope Utility—Can be used in playback mode to view either raw time series or processed results from the RVP900 processing algorithms.
Page 426: Ts Record/Playback Software Architecture
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ E.2 TS Record/Playback Software Architecture E.2.1 General Architecture The TS record and playback features on a local RVP900 and a remote archive host, share a common software architecture. The most general case is shown in Figure Figure 65...
Page 427 RVP9Proc-n: extracts TS from the TS API and processes the data to obtain the various moments. These processes can be viewed using the v command in dspx. A remote archive host will most likely not be an RVP900. In this case, these processes do not exist. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 425...
Page 428: Installation & Configuration
(that is, tape drives). The two system configuration should be used in a high bandwidth environment. If this is not possible, the RVP900 can be equipped with a separate disk for archive operations. If a two system configuration is used, then the TS IMPORT and TS EXPORT modules have to be turned on at boot time on both systems.
Page 429: Configuring Automatic Startup Of Tsimport And Tsexport
The scripts are shipped configured for the RVP900 end, so you need to edit the archive host’s files. You also need to edit all tsexport files to explicitly set the target IP address to which it will broadcast the time series.
Page 430: Tsimport And Tsexport From The Command Line
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ E.3.5 tsimport and tsexport from the Command Line From the command line, tsimport and tsexport can also be run. They take the following command line options: $ tsimport –help tsimport command line options: –daemon – Run as daemon –debug –...
Page 431: Ts Switch Utility
Local Archive—Used to extract time series from the local disk archive. On an RVP900 these time series could be processed. On a separate archive host, these time series could be sent to an RVP900 for processing or perhaps a custom user application.
Page 432: Ts Archive Utility
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ In the case of a separate archive host, the "Local RVP900" choice would always show as red, since there is not a local RVP900. The "Local Archive" case and the "Network" case are possible for both an RVP900 and a separate archive host.
Page 433: Archive Directory Area
Action & Action Status Once the source has been selected, data can be recorded or played back. Pushing the record button begins the data recording. The inventory at the bottom of the screen updates with TS file information. The Playback VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 431...
Page 434: Filter
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ button is only displayed when the Local Archive source is selected. The Stop button terminates all recording or playback operations. The "Action Status" displays the current mode of the utility and provides information on what data are being recorded or played back. Playback Options The Playback Options section is only enabled when Local Archive has been selected from the TS Source Area.
Page 435 The commands apply to all of the TS archive files that match the filter. If CAUTION you put in wildcards everywhere and the "Delete" command, every TS archive file could be deleted An "Are you sure" prompt is provided to verify that you want to do this. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 433...
Page 436: Ts Archive Log Area
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ E.5.4 TS Archive Log Area Figure 68 TS Archive Log Area 0916-208 Tag & Right-Click Menu When you right-click on any selected file or group of files (as shown in Figure 68), you are prompted with four commands: Playback—Marks the files with a P in the Tag Column.
Page 437: Specific Software Application Examples
434. These are the only applications that are supported. In the example descriptions, unused processes are omitted for clarity. For reference, the case of an RVP900 in normal operation is shown in Figure 69 on page 430. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 435...
Page 438: Rvp900 In Normal Real-Time Operation
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ E.6.1 RVP900 in Normal Real-Time Operation Figure 69 RVP900 in Normal Real-Time Operation 0916-212 In this case, the TS Switch is set to write real-time data from the IQ-Data process to the TS API. The RVP9Proc-n extracts time series data and processes it.
Page 439: Case 1: Ts Recording On A Local Rvp900
In this case, the TS Switch is set to place the real-time IQ values from the IQ-Data Process into the TS API. These are extracted and recorded to local disk by the TS Archive process. The RVP900 may still do its normal data processing tasks, as shown in Section E.6.1 RVP900 in Normal Real-Time...
Page 440: Case 2: Ts Recording On Separate Archive Host
The advantage of having a separate archive host is that it is easy to install a large disk that is dedicated to time series recording without having record/playback/backup operations interfere with the normal operation of an RVP900. There can be multiple archive hosts on the network. 438 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 441: Case 3: Ts Playback On A Local Rvp900
E.6.4 Case 3: TS Playback on a Local RVP900 Figure 72 TS Playback on Local RVP900 0916-215 In this case, the TS Switch is set to write data from the TS Archive to the TS API. The RVP9Proc-n processes then reads the time series data from the API.
Page 442: Case 4: Ts Playback From A Separate Archive Host To An Rvp900
Archive Host TS Switch: Local Archive TS Archive: Play The diagram for the corresponding RVP900 would be identical to Figure 72 on page 433, except the TS Switch would be set to write data from the TS Import process. 440 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 443: Quick Guides
Select Local Archive in the TS Source section. Make sure that the light is green. Select the files that you wish to playback (right-click and select Playback) and mark them for playback. Select any playback options. Click the Playback button. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 441...
Page 444: Ascope Playback Features
E.7 Ascope Playback Features The ascope utility is a full-featured, stand-alone signal processor configuration and plotting utility. When an RVP900 is in playback mode, ascope can be used to configure the processing of the playback data and display the results. For more information on the ascope utility, refer to the IRIS Utilities Manual.
Page 445: Archive On Local Rvp900
The archive can be on the local RVP900. The archive can be on a separate archive host. It does not matter where ascope is run, that is, either on the local RVP900 or on a networked host computer through DspExport.
Page 446: Archive On Separate Archive Host
The ingest filenames all have appended a "V" followed by the 2- digit playback number. To play back data: Launch tsarchive on your RVP900 machine. Click the TS Source button to launch the tsswitch GUI. In tsswitch, select "Local Playback".
Page 447: Ts Viewing Utility (Tsview)
If the TS archive utility has been licensed, the tsview utility can be NOTE accessed by right-clicking on the desired file in the TS inventory area. See Section E.5.4 TS Archive Log Area on page 428. VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 445...
Page 448: Starting Tsview And Sample Session
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ E.9.2 Starting tsview and Sample Session E.9.2.1 Starting tsview You must have operator privilege to run tsview. The TS View utility must be installed on the same node where the IQ data are archived. Before starting tsview, use the command to go to the directory where NOTE the archive files are located.
Page 449: Tsview Command Line Options
RVP8.20031208.192519.074.Ascope_DEFAULT.0.H.249 The file name format is: site.YYMMDD.HHMMSS.SSS.taskname.sweep.polarization.maxrange The following is a description of some of the fields: —Site name typed into the setup program on the RVP900 that site generated the data. Both fields are preprocessed site...
Page 450 The sweeps are indexed 1, 2, 3, ... In the case where ascope is used for RVP900 operation, there is no concept of a sweep and the sweep number is set to 0. For RHI scanning, the concept of a sweep is the same, except that it is an elevation sweep rather than azimuth sweep.
Page 451: Ts Record Data Format
E.10 TS Record Data Format Each TS file recorded to disk contains a run of 1 or more pulses, which are from the same basic configuration of the RVP900. In RVP900 nomenclature, this is called the "Acquisition Mode" (stored in a structure called the "rvptsPulseInfo").
Page 452 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 26 TS File Format <rvptsPulseInfo> Variable size, even <rvptsPulseHdr #1> Variable size, even Pulse Data #1 16-bit words, count from header <rvptsPulseHdr #2> Variable size, even Pulse Data #2 16-bit words, count from header Each individual time series sample consists of 2 floating point numbers representing the I followed by the Q voltage.
Page 453 See dsp.h taskID.iSweep=0 Application sweep number taskID.iAuxNum=0 Application auxiliary number taskID.sTaskName=Ascope_DEFAULT Application task name sSiteName=RVP900 Site name of RVP900 iAqMode=161 Increments each time there is a change iUnfoldMode=0 Dual-PRF flag, see PRF_* in dsp_lib.h iPWidthCode=0 Pulse width index (0–3) fPWidthUSec=1 Actual pulsewidth in microseconds fAqClkMHz=35.9751...
Page 454 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The rvptsPulseHdr structure is also defined in the rvpts.h file. Here is an example: rvptsPulseHdr start iVersion=0 iFlags=3 Bit 0: N/A Bit 1: Gap before this pulse Bit 2: First pulse in trigger bank Bit 3: Last pulse in trigger bank Bit 4: Trig bank (possibly unchanged) is just beginning Bit 5: Triggers were blanked on this pulse iMSecUTC=179...
Page 455: Appendix Frcp902 Wsr98D Panel
F.1 OVERVIEW This appendix describes the functionality and architecture of the interface between the RCP902 WSR98D panel and RVP900 system (IFDR). It briefly summarizes the system, placing special emphasis on functionality, including identification of key hardware and software components, as they relate to the interface.
Page 456: Regulatory Compliances
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ If you are unable to take either of the above precautions, touch a conductive part of the equipment chassis with your other hand before touching ESD sensitive components. Always hold the boards by the edges and avoid touching the component contacts.
Page 457: Weee Compliance
Directive 2002/96/EC on the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). F.3.2.1 Recycling Vaisala has implemented return facilities for all products that we bring to market. All RVP900 components should be returned to the following address for recycling: Vaisala Inc.
Page 458: China Rohs Compliance
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ F.4.1 China RoHS Compliance The China RoHS Directive requires disclosure (not removal) of the 6 EU RoHS substances for those products included in the "List". Disclosure can be at the component or at the sub assembly level, but it has to be in the prescribed format, in Chinese, as detailed in the document "Marking for the control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products".
Page 459: Rcp902 Wsr98D Panel Architecture
Appendix F ___________________________________________________ RCP902 WSR98D Panel F.5 RCP902 WSR98D Panel Architecture The RVP902 server connects to the RVP900 IFDR, which connects to the RCP902 WSR98D panel. The RCP902 WSR98D panel connects to the radar. An separate external power supply connects to RCP902 WSR98D panel.
Page 460: Physical Interface
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ F.6 Physical Interface F.6.1 Overall Size The overall size of the RVP902 WSR98D panel is equal to or less than the overall size of the RVP8/RCP8 ORDA panel. Figure 76 RCP902 WSR98D Top Panel Dimensions 0916-023 Figure 77 RCP902 WSR98D Back Panel Dimensions 0916-023 F.6.2 Mounting Dimensions...
Page 461: Modifications On Rcp902 Wsr98D Panel
Outputs have a 5 V unidirectional TVS device Inputs have 15 V bidirectional TVS device Inputs have Termination resistors on input to buffer TTL signals have a 5 V unidirectional TVS device BNC Test Point Outputs: Signal can drive a 50, 5 V signal VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 459...
Page 462 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ TTL input signals should have a 5 V unidirectional TVS device on them TTL output signals should have a 5 V unidirectional TVS device on them BNC Analog Inputs: LOG_VIDEO signal (AMUX0) is a 0.5 to 2.5 analog signal with very low frequency/DC characteristics Spare test input (AMUX1) is connected to resistive network and capacitor to allow flexibility in maximum signal.
Page 463: J3 - Transmitter Triggers (Tx Trigs)
- If a signal is an output, the Initial Condition column contains the NOTE power-on state of that signal. This value may change once RVP900 boots and processes on host computer start. - All RS-422 signals are capable of driving a 100 ohm or greater terminated line.
Page 464: J4 - Receiver Protector (Rx Prot)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Signal Connections Initial Condition MOD_DISCHARGE_TRG_N SHORT_BEAM_PULSE_SEL_N SHORT_RF_PULSE_SEL_N PULSE_RATE_IN_N0 PULSE_RATE_IN_N1 PULSE_RATE_IN_N2 TRIGGER_CHARGE_TRG_P F.7.2 J4 - Receiver Protector (Rx PROT) Connector Type: DB09S Signal Connections Initial Condition VCC3_OUT RCVR_PROTECT_RSP_P RCVR_PROTECT_RSP_N RCVR_PROTECT_CMD_P RCVR_PROTECT_CMD_N VCC3_OUT is designed to provide 200 mA of current from the 5V supply on the panel.
Page 465: J8 - Rf Test Selection (Rf-Test Sel)
PHASEBIT_P6 PHASEBIT_N5 PHASEBIT_P5 COHOREFFAIL RFGATE_N F.7.4 J8 - RF Test Selection (RF-TEST SEL) Connector Type: DB09S Description: Controls the four position diode switch for the RF test signal selection. Signal Connections Initial Condition DRSIGPOS_P3 DRSIGPOS_N2 DRSIGPOS_P2 DRSIGPOS_N1 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 463...
Page 466: J9 - Attenuator Control (Atten)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Signal Connections Initial Condition DRSIGPOS_P1 DRSIGPOS_N3 DRSIGPOS_N4 DRSIGPOS_P4 F.7.5 J9 - Attenuator Control (ATTEN) Connector Type: DB15S Description: Controls the 7-bit attenuator. Signal Connections Initial Condition DRIVESIG8DB_N DRIVESIG8DB_P DRIVESIG4DB_N DRIVESIG4DB_P DRIVESIG2DB_N DRIVESIG2DB_P DRIVESIG1DB_N DRIVESIG1DB_P DRIVESIG40DB_N DRIVESIG40DB_P DRIVESIG32DB_N DRIVESIG32DB_P DRIVESIG16DB_N DRIVESIG16DB_P...
Page 467: J11 - Rf Test Switch (Rf-Test Sw)
Description: Controls the 10-position RF test switch. Signal Connections Initial Condition DRSIGBIT_N4 DRSIGBIT_P4 DRSIGBIT_N3 DRSIGBIT_P3 DRSIGBIT_N2 DRSIGBIT_P2 DRSIGBIT_N1 DRSIGBIT_P1 F.7.8 J12 - DAU Serial I/O (SERIAL-IN) Connector Type: DB15P Description: DAU serial line from the 98D. Signal Connections Initial Condition DAU_TX VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 465...
Page 468: J14 - Dcu Serial I/O (Serial-In)
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Signal Connections Initial Condition DAU_RX F.7.9 J14 - DCU Serial I/O (SERIAL-IN) Connector Type: DB15P Description: DCU serial line from the WSR98D. Signal Connections Initial Condition DCU_TX DCU_RX 466 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 469: Coax
Connector Type: 50 ohm BNC Description: Spare, maybe use instead of or in addition to: Analog input range: +/- 3V, low frequency/DC Input Impedance: 100 ohms Settling time: Input has a settling time of 500 usec Gain: 1 V/V VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 467...
Page 470: J20, J21, J22, J23 - Rvp901 Digital Test Points
Test Points Connector Type: 50 ohm BNC Description: Programmable test point outputs from the RVP900 are capable of driving 5 V, 50 ohm load. J20 and J21 are RVP controlled test points showing real-time trigger information. J22 and J23 are RCP controlled test points that are configurable in the softplane file.
Page 471: Rcp902 Wsr98D I/O Interconnect Breakout
TTL signals, and low noise on analog signals. The Vaisala provided wire meets the MIL-DTL- 22759/11 specification, which is insulated with PTFE. If additional shielding between wire pairs is feasible it should also be considered.
Page 472 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 31 RCP902 WSR98D Interconnect Cable for Misc I/O A Connection IFDR IFDR Signal Name WSR98D WSR98D Signal Name J6 - 51 Pin J1 - 62 Pin 46/47 AMUX_P1/AMUX_N1 57/58 SPARE_AMUX_P/N 48/49 V_N5P0/GND -5V 49/50 50/21 AMUX_P2/AMUX_N2 60/61 Table 32 RCP902 WSR98D Interconnect Cable for Misc I/O B Connection...
Page 473: Software Control/Status
F.9 Software Control/Status Many of the signals on the WSR98D panel are driven real-time by the RVP900 IFDR controlled by the RVP900 process or on a sampled basis by either the RVP900 or RCP8 processes. If controlled by the RCP8 process, they are mapped to logical variables in the softplane.conf file.
Page 474 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Table 33 Software Control/Status Variable Signal Name Controlling Programmable Conditions Process Logic Variable PHASEBIT_P/N3 Latched in on rising edge of trigger 10 PHASEBIT_P/N2 Latched in on rising edge of trigger 10 PHASEBIT_P/N1 Latched in on rising edge of trigger 10 CHANFAIL_P/N sAux[61]...
Page 475 J1 and J2 cables are installed in the right order IFDR Radiate Command cAux[29] Rf Test Command cAux[26] CW Test Command cAux[25] Radiate Status sAux[29] Rf Test Status sAux[26] CW Test Status cAux[25] Rx Protect Status cAux[30] VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 473...
Page 476: Monitoring Analog Inputs
There are hooks in the WSR98D Set IO RPC to enable sampling of the analog inputs. There were no customer requirements on how to integrate the sampling in the RVP900/RCP8 processes, but a sample code is provided on how to enable and control the sampling process and retrieve the averaged voltage values.
Page 477: Rvp900 Specification For Asr9-Wsp With Rcp903 Asr9-Wsp Panel
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel APPENDIX G RVP900 SPECIFICATION FOR ASR9- WSP WITH RCP903 ASR9-WSP PANEL G.1 OVERVIEW This appendix describes the functionality and architecture of the ASR9 WSP, weather signal processor, using the RVP900 hardware and software implemented using the RVP902 Processor, RCP903 ASR9 Panel, and RVP901-WSP signal processor.
Page 478: Regulatory Compliances
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ To make sure you are not delivering high static voltages yourself: Avoid touching exposed connectors unnecessarily. Handle ESD sensitive components on a properly grounded and protected ESD workbench. When an ESD workbench is not available, ground yourself to the equipment chassis with a wrist strap and a resistive connection cord.
Page 479: Weee Compliance
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.3.2 WEEE Compliance DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY in relation to Directive 2002/96/EC, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). The RVP900-WSP manufactured by Vaisala complies fully with the requirements of Directive 2002/96/EC on the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE).
Page 480: China Rohs Compliance
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ G.4.1 China RoHS Compliance The China RoHS Directive requires disclosure (not removal) of the 6 EU RoHS substances for those products included in the “List”. Disclosure can be at the component or at the sub assembly level, but it has to be in the prescribed format, in Chinese, as detailed in the document “Marking for the control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products”.
Page 481: Asr9 Wsp With Rvp900 Panel Architecture
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.5 ASR9 WSP with RVP900 Panel Architecture The original ASR9 WSP solution was implemented with the Sigmet RxNet7 Model ASR9/RIM-1 hardware and an RVP7 signal processor. The original design used an embedded general purpose computer built by Ampro Corporation that utilized an ISA bus to connect to the ASR9 specialized radar interface module (RIM) hardware.
Page 482 All of the components in Bay 3 are designed to fit in the same area as the original RxNet7 solution. The block diagram for the new RVP900 base ASR9 WSP solution is shown in Figure 80 and a table with...
Page 483: Rvp901-Wsp Signal Processor
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Figure 80 ASR9 WSP with RVP900 Architecture 0916-023 Table 35 RVP900-WSP Components Item Code Description RVP901-WSP IF Digital Receiver configured for ASR9-WSP RVP902 Processor Computer, RVP900 Signal Processor RCP903...
Page 484: Rvp902 Processor
TCP/IP. I / Q data is sent over Ethernet processed and past to the Time Series Interface. Header information is used as a tag to synchronize the RVP900 I/Q data with the ASR9 data stream. AC Power option 24V Fan G.5.2 RVP902 Processor...
Page 485: Rcp903 Asr9-Wsp Custom Panel
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.5.3 RCP903 ASR9-WSP Custom Panel The RCP903 is designed to be form, fit, and function compatible with the original RxNet7 implementation. Carrying forward the same physical interfaces and logical functionality as the original implementation. Its...
Page 486: Rcp903 Asr9-Wsp Panel Physical Interfaces
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ G.6 RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Physical Interfaces G.6.1 Overall Size The overall size of the RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel is equal to or less than the overall size of the RVP7 implementation. Figure 81 Top Panel Dimensions 0916-023 Figure 82 Side Panel Dimensions 0916-023 Figure 83...
Page 487: Mounting Dimensions
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Figure 84 Back Panel Dimensions 0916-023 Figure 85 Panel Perspective View 0916-023 G.6.2 Mounting Dimensions The mounting dimensions of the RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel alone are 1U - 19 in EIA rack mountable. The RCP903 solution include a 1U shelf mounted directly behind the panel.
Page 488: Connector Locations
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ Figure 86 RxNet7 Front Panel 0916-023 Figure 87 Rack Side Perspective View 0916-023 G.6.3 Connector Locations All the connectors on the RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel that interface with the radar are located on the front of the mounting position. This is intended to mount from the rear of the rack.
Page 489: Rcp903 Shelf
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.6.4 RCP903 Shelf RCP903 Shelf is mounted directly behind the panel. The rear mounting shelf includes: Connector strip with a switch (Hammond, 1583H6B1BK POWER STRIP) Power supply for the panel (Integrated power Designs, REL-110...
Page 490: Electrical Interfaces
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ G.7 Electrical Interfaces Figure 89 System Testing Boundary 0916-023 G.7.1 Interconnect Cabling There are several classes of signals for the RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel. The signal descriptions have a format to identify relational information. The RVP902 Processor attaches to the RCP903 ASR9-WSP Interface Panel using: 2 - DB9 to DB9 standard serial cables.
Page 491: Rvp901-Wsp
TTL signals, and low noise analog signal, will be provided by Vaisala. The current cable meets the MIL-DTL-22759/11 specification, which is insulated with PTFE.
Page 492 ADC-C Direct IF Input J13D ADC-D Direct IF Input J13E ADC-E Direct IF Input. Burst Sample Input VIDEO OUT Video DAC output TRIG-A General purpose trigger I/O or DAFC intf Figure 90 Vaisala Supplied, Bay 4 0916-023 490 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 493: Rcp903 Asr9-Wsp Panel Interfaces
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.7.3 RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Interfaces Table 38 RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Connectors Defined for Customer's Systems Implementation Connector Size Designator Type Destination D-SUB STR 50 POSITION RCPT ASR9 / WSP#1...
Page 494: J1, Asr9 Interface Wsp #1
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ G.7.5 J1, ASR9 Interface WSP #1 Table 40 Pin-out for J1 ASR9 / WSP #1 492 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 495: J2, Asr9 Interface Wsp #2
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.7.6 J2, ASR9 Interface WSP #2 Table 41 Pin-out for J2 ASR9 / WSP #2 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 493...
Page 496: J3, Rs-232 Interface To Rvp902 Processor
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ G.7.7 J3, RS-232 Interface to RVP902 Processor Table 42 Pin-out for J4 RS-232 Serial Interface G.7.8 J4, RS-232 Interface to RVP902 Processor Table 43 Pin-out for J5 RS-232 Serial Interface 494 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 497: J5, Ethernet Interface
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.7.9 J5, Ethernet Interface RJ45 Ethernet Interface provides 100/1000 Base-T communication with the RVP902 Processor direct or via a network switch. This interface requires Jumbo Frames. RJ-45 signal interface cable side pin out.
Page 498: J6, Rvp901-Wsp Misc Io A To Rcp903 Asr9-Wsp Panel
USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ G.7.10 J6, RVP901-WSP Misc IO A to RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Table 45 RVP900 SIGNAL TYPES IN CBL210313 Type Destination GPDIFF_PIN_LP/N RS-422 signals TTLIO_PIN/GND TTL signals AMUX_P0/AMUX_N0 Differential analog input A/D signals +5VDC -5VDC Ground Table 46 CBL210313 RCP903 INTERCONNECT CABLE TO...
Page 499: J7, Power Interface (Dc)
Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel G.7.11 J7, Power Interface (DC) The power supply sub-system is designed with the following assumptions about the input power source. Input Voltage: Nominal 24V ±4V Maximum Power Consumption: 24W Maximum input noise 1.0Vp-p max at 50-120 Hz, 100 mVp-p max...
Page 500 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ The RIM API includes the following functionality: Table 48 RIM Software API Calls Function Name Description rim_board_status Returns the boards operational status. rim_board_revlevel Returns the hardware revision level. rim_software_revlevel Returns the software revisions level. rim_pldreset Reboots the board returning it to its original power on state.
Page 501 Appendix G _______________ RVP900 Specification for ASR9-WSP with RCP903 ASR9-WSP Panel Table 48 RIM Software API Calls Function Name Description rim_asr9_set_run_cmd Gets the RCP903 processing state that is currently being requested rim_asr9_get_run Gets the RCP903 processing state that is currently running.
Page 502 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 500 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 503: Appendix Hacronyms
Polarimetric Met Index Poly-Pulse Pair Radar Control Workstation Radio Frequency Radar Product Generator Signal-to-noise ratio Signal Quality Index STALO (RF-IF) Stable Local Oscillator STAR Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Threshold Control Flags VCXO Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator Weather System Processor VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 501...
Page 504 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 502 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 505: References And Credits
Chitose airport Doppler weather radar is the basis for Alg.1 described in Interference Filter on page 189 6. Environment Canada – Aldergrove BC, kindly supplied the snapshot of receiver data that is plotted in Figure 30 on page 163 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 503...
Page 506 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 504 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 507 GPARM, command 292 Correction for Tx Power, algorithms 196 History 19 DAFC Host computer interface CTI STALO example 90 complete command list 258 description 86 socket 82 jumpers 89 Debug Options, TTY setup 137 I/Q, introduction 21, 49 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 505...
Page 508 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ bandwidth 73 OTEST command 273 frequency selection installation 79 Phase control TTY setup 129 TTY setup 138 saturation 68 Point Clutter, algorithms 216 signal processing 38 Power requirements 62, 63, 81 Power–up 81 dynamic range 73 I/O connections 67 limits, PWINFO command 311 LED indicators 68 SETPWF command 313...
Page 509 49 Time series Velocity unfolding algorithms 197 algorithms 242 API 418 Trigger Weather signal processing, introduction 43 blanking 50 WSP threshold, qualifier 226 external input, TTY setup 117 introduction 50 XARGS command 322 outputs, TRIGWF command 309 VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 507...
Page 510 USER’S MANUAL __________________________________________________________________ 508 _________________________________________________________________ M211322EN-D...
Page 511 ________________________________________________________________________________ VAISALA ______________________________________________________________________ 509...
Page 512 4*M211322EN*...