Aurora TRIO-20.0-TL-OUTD-US Technical Manual
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Aurora TRIO-20.0-TL-OUTD-US Technical Manual

Photovoltaic inverter
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THE MANUAL: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL
Model Number: TRIO-20.0-TL-OUTD-US
TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-US

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Summary of Contents for Aurora TRIO-20.0-TL-OUTD-US

  • Page 1 THE MANUAL: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL Model Number: TRIO-20.0-TL-OUTD-US TRIO-27.6-TL-OUTD-US...
  • Page 2 AURORA® TRIO Photovoltaic Inverters TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US Technical Manual...
  • Page 3 Page 2 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Copyright © 2013 Power-One Renewable Energy Solutions LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of Power-One Renewable Energy Solutions LLC.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    FIELD ADJUSTABLE TRIP LIMITS FOR VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY ............103 MPPT CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES ..........................104 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS ............................106 PROTECTIVE DEVICES WITHIN THE AURORA INVERTER ................109 STRINGS AND ARRAYS ............................... 110 FCC REMARKS ..................................112 INDEX OF TABLES AND FIGURES..........................113...

  • Page 5: Introduction & Safety

    Page 4 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 1 INTRODUCTION & SAFETY...

  • Page 6: Part 1 Introduction

    The purpose of this document is to support the qualified technician, who has received training and/or has demonstrated skills and knowledge in construction, in installing and maintaining this Power-One AURORA® TRIO Photovoltaic (PV) Inverter. This manual does not cover any details concerning equipment connected to the inverter such as the solar modules.
  • Page 7 Introduction and Safety 1.1.5 TORAGE OF THIS NFORMATION Keep this document in a safe place near the AURORA TRIO Inverter for easy access during installation and maintenance. It must be accessible for approved service and maintenance personnel at any time. 1.1.6...

  • Page 8: Safety

    The reader should stop, use caution and fully understand the operations explained before proceeding. CAUTION: The product works with high voltages. All work on the AURORA Inverter must DANGEROUS VOLTAGE follow the described documentation and must comply with all prevailing codes and regulations associated with high voltages.
  • Page 9 Power-One Technical Support at 877-261-1374. 1.2.1.2 General Installation Warnings The AURORA TRIO Transformerless Inverter is designed and tested according to international safety requirements (UL1741/IEEE1547); however, certain safety precautions must be observed when installing and operating this inverter. Read and follow all instructions, cautions and warnings in this installation manual.
  • Page 10 This grid-tied inverter system operates only when properly connected to the AC utility grid. Before connecting the services of the AURORA grid-tied inverter to the AC utility grid, contact the local power distribution company to receive the appropriate approvals. This connection must be made only by qualified technical personnel.
  • Page 11 PPROPRIATE SAGE The AURORA Inverter is a photovoltaic inverter that converts direct current of a PV array into alternating current and feeds that power into the AC utility grid. This AURORA Inverter is designed for outdoor use, but can be used indoors if installed to specified environmental and mounting parameters stated in this manual, and abiding by the National Electric Code.
  • Page 12 Page 11 of 114 Part 1 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Introduction and Safety Figure 1-2: PV array structure in Parallel configuration Power-One accepts no liability for damage of any kind that may arise from incorrect or careless operation. The equipment must not be used in ways that do not fall within the intended field of use.
  • Page 13 Page 12 of 114 Part 1 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Introduction and Safety 1.2.2.1 Conditions of Use The inverter can be used only with photovoltaic modules that do not require one of the poles to be grounded. CAUTION: The operating current dispersed during the normal operation MUST NOT exceed the limits documented in the technical specifications.
  • Page 14 NFPA 70, 690.35 with an ungrounded PV array. These models have no grounded input conductors. Do not connect an AURORA Inverter to the AC utility grid until receipt of a letter of authorization from the authority having jurisdiction.
  • Page 15 Page 14 of 114 Part 1 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Introduction and Safety All repairs should be carried out using only qualified spare parts, which must be installed in accordance with their intended use and by a licensed contractor or authorized Power-One Service representative.
  • Page 16 Introduction and Safety 1.2.3.4 Location of Safety Notices and Labels Please note the location of safety notices on the AURORA Inverter for notification and protection. They are located on both side panels of this unit. Labels are not to be hidden with external objects or parts such as rags, boxes, or other such equipment.

  • Page 17: Unpack And Select Installation Location

    Page 16 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 2 UNPACK AND SELECT INSTALLATION LOCATION...

  • Page 18: General Conditions

    Page 17 of 114 Part 2 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Unpack and Select Installation Location GENERAL CONDITIONS Some specifications are not applicable to small equipment or components. 2.1.1 RANSPORTATION AND ANDLING Transportation of the equipment, especially by road, must be carried out by suitable ways and means for protecting the components (in particular, the electronic components) from violent shocks, humidity, vibration, etc.
  • Page 19 NSPECTION It is the customer’s responsibility to examine the condition of the unit. Upon receipt of Power-One’s AURORA grid-tied inverter, please check the following: Inspect the shipping container for any external damage. Inventory the contents against Table 2-1 below and verify receipt of all items. Use care not •...
  • Page 20 2.1.5 ANDLING THE The AURORA TRIO Inverter unit and wiring box arrive unattached and are installed separately to ease installation. When mounting the TRIO, it is recommended to install the wiring box first and complete all necessary wiring and conduit connections before mounting and attaching the inverter unit.

  • Page 21: Select The Installation Location

    Page 20 of 114 Part 2 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Unpack and Select Installation Location SELECT THE INSTALLATION LOCATION 2.2.1 ENERAL NSTALLATION ONDITIONS The installation must be done by qualified installers and/or licensed electricians according to the applicable local code regulations (National Electric Code, Canadian Electric code, and other).
  • Page 22 Page 21 of 114 Part 2 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Unpack and Select Installation Location 2.2.2 NSTALLATION OSITION NO - heavy snow NO - direct NO - air flow accumulation sunlight restricted Figure 2-1: Outdoor installation examples When choosing the place of installation, comply with the following conditions: Install on a wall or strong structure suitable for bearing the weight.
  • Page 23 Page 22 of 114 Part 2 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Unpack and Select Installation Location For multiple-inverter installations, position the inverters side-by-side. Maintain minimum clearances between inverters. Individual clearances cannot overlap. If the space available does not allow the side-by-side arrangement, position the inverters in a staggered arrangement as shown in the figure below so that heat dissipation does not affect other inverters.

  • Page 24: Mounting And Wiring

    Page 23 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 3 MOUNTING AND WIRING...

  • Page 25: Part 3 Available Versions

    Page 24 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring AVAILABLE VERSIONS The inverters can be divided into two groups according to their rated output power of 20.0 kW or 27.6 kW. For inverters of equal output power, the differences between models are the configuration of the wiring box.
  • Page 26 Page 25 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.1.1 AMEPLATE The nameplate shown below is affixed to the inverter and provides the following information: 1. Product origin Made in Italy 2. Model name 3. DC input data 4.

  • Page 27: Graphical Representation Of Trio

    Page 26 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF TRIO Mounting bracket Ref. Description Wiring box Inverter Coupling connector cover Clamp screw Handles (optional, see Wall Mounting section below for information) Connector screws Wiring box front cover Figure 3-2: Graphical representation of TRIO parts with references...

  • Page 28: Wall Mounting

    Page 27 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring WALL MOUNTING Included in the shipping package is a mounting kit with screws and wall plugs provided for mounting the metal bracket to a concrete wall. Position the wall bracket 01 perfectly level on the wall and use it as a drilling template.
  • Page 29 Page 28 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring Figure 3-3: Wall mounting example Attach and mount the inverter unit. (Do not replace the wiring box front cover until the inverter unit is attached.) Hook the inverter unit 03 to the bracket by inserting the head of the rear screws in the slots as shown in the figure.

  • Page 30: Wiring Details

    An automatic overcurrent device (e.g., circuit breaker) must be installed between the TRIO Inverter and the AC utility grid. The AURORA TRIO is not provided with an isolation transformer and is intended to be installed per NFPA 70, 690.35 with an ungrounded PV array.
  • Page 31 Mounting And Wiring 3.4.1.3 Ground Fault Detection and Interruption Scheme As required by UL1741 CRD 2010, the Power-One AURORA TRIO inverter incorporates two separate methods for detecting a ground fault in the ungrounded PV array, described below: The first method of detecting a ground fault is conducted on a daily basis before connecting to the grid and is also conducted throughout the day.
  • Page 32 Page 31 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.2 IRING OMPONENTS There are four models of the wiring box available in either 20 kW or 27.6 kW versions. The major differences between the four wiring box layouts are shown below: TRIO-XX.X-TL-OUTD-S-US-480: DC Disconnect 14 •...
  • Page 33 Page 32 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring TRIO-XX.X-TL-OUTD-S1B-US-480: DC disconnect 14 16 DC fuses (8 per MPPT) 22 • Class II DC surge protection 15 • Fused AC Disconnect Switch 20 • • Table 3-2: Complete list of graphical reference numbers Mounting bracket Ref.
  • Page 34 Page 33 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.2.1 Conduit Entries and DC Disconnect Switch Handle Conduit entries for all versions are located on the bottom of the wiring box along with the DC disconnect switch handle 14.
  • Page 35 ONFIGURATION OF NPUTS The AURORA TRIO Inverters have dual inputs with independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control. Each of the input inverters is dedicated to a separate array with independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control. This means that the two arrays can be installed with different positions and orientation.
  • Page 36 Page 35 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring Refer to Table 7-5 in the Appendix for guidelines regarding the choice of Parallel or Independent configurations. The TRIO Inverter is set in independent mode by default. The following sections describes how to connect the inverter in parallel mode.
  • Page 37 Page 36 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.3.4 -S VERSION ONLY Parallel Configuration The switch a01 situated on the communication card 09 must be set to PAR. The DC terminal blocks 13 must be connected by means of a solid copper jumper 12, (provided with this inverter), to parallel the MPPTs.
  • Page 38 Page 37 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.3.5 -S1, -S1A, -S1B VERSIONS ONLY Parallel configuration The switch a01 situated on the communication card 09 must be set to PAR. Included in the TRIO packaging are two jumper cables, one red and one black. The red wire connects the positive terminals of MPPT 1 and 2 and the black wire connects the negative terminals of MPPT 1 and 2.
  • Page 39 IELD SIDE The electrical installation of the Aurora inverter must be performed in accordance with the electrical standards prescribed by the local regulations and by the National Electric Code Refer to the Canadian Electrical Code, CEC Table 2 and Table 4 (for Canada) or National Electrical Code, NFPA Table 310.16 (for US), for suitable wire size (AWG).
  • Page 40 Page 39 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.4.1 Connection of DC inputs on the -S model For the -S model, DC input connections are made by passing the cables through the DC cable openings 11 and connecting them to the DC terminal block 13.
  • Page 41 Page 40 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.4.2 Connection of DC inputs on the -S1, –S1A, and -S1B models only For these models, DC input connections are made by passing the cables through the DC cable openings 11 and connecting them to the DC fuse holders 22.
  • Page 42 Page 41 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring Figure 3-7: TRIO Version -S1A wiring box Figure 3-8: TRIO Version -S1B wiring box...
  • Page 43 Page 42 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.5 - S1, -S1A, –S1B M TRING ROTECTION ODELS These TRIO wiring box versions come with 15A, 1000V DC rated fuses installed. To determine the correct fuse to use with your PV array, refer to the National Electrical Code® 690.8 and 690.9 or your local electrical code.
  • Page 44 Page 43 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.6.1 Characteristics and Sizing of the Line Cable The wire size of the AC line conductor must be sized in order to prevent unwanted disconnections of the inverter from the grid due to high impedance of the line that connects the inverter to the power supply point.
  • Page 45 Page 44 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.6.3 Connection to the AC Terminal Block To prevent electrocution hazards, all the connection operations must be carried out with the external AC disconnect switch downstream of the inverter (grid side) open and locked out.
  • Page 46 Page 45 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.7 HARACTERISTICS THE OMMUNICATION A removable plastic cover prevents access to the section of the wiring box where the communication card resides. In order to access this area, remove the four screws in place on the cover.
  • Page 47 Page 46 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring Switch for setting the termination resistance of the RS-485 PMU line (MODBUS) Ref. Description Switch for setting the termination resistance of the RS-485 PC line (SERVICE) Connection for the RS-485 PC line on RJ45 connector (SERVICE) RS-485 PC communication card housing (SERVICE) Connection for of the RS-485 PMU line on RJ45 connector (MODBUS)
  • Page 48 Page 47 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.7.2 Serial communication (RS-485) There are two RS-485 communication lines on the inverter: SERVICE/PC - dedicated line for the connection of Power-One monitoring and service equipment. MODBUS/PMU - dedicated line for MODBUS RTU communications.
  • Page 49 Mounting And Wiring 3.4.7.3 Daisy Chain units for connection to a monitoring system The RS-485 terminal block connectors are used to connect a single AURORA Inverter or enable a multi-unit wiring configuration called “daisy chain” (pictured below). Using the appropriate cable, connect all the units according to the daisy chain cabling method ENTER-EXIT.
  • Page 50 3.4.7.4 Monitoring system via serial (RS-485) The RS-485 line can be connected for local monitoring from service/pc port with a PVI-USB-RS- 485_232 adapter and Aurora Communicator software. Equivalent RS-485 or RS232 adapters found on the market can also be used for the same purpose, however, they have not been specifically tested and Power-One cannot guarantee correct operation of the connection.
  • Page 51 Page 50 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.7.5 Configurable relay The inverter has a multi-function relay a05, whose switching can be configured, for example, to activate a visual and/or audible alarm. The relay can be wired by the user as either normally open contact –...
  • Page 52 Page 51 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring Operating modes: Production - the relay switches whenever a connection to the grid occurs. If the N/O (or N/C) contact is chosen, the contact will stay open (or closed) until the inverter is connected to the grid.
  • Page 53 Page 52 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring 3.4.7.6 Remote control The connection and disconnection of the inverter to and from the grid can be controlled externally. The function must be enabled in the menu on the inverter display (see section 4.5.3 in Part 4: Operations).

  • Page 54: Setting The Country Standard And Language

    Page 53 of 114 Part 3 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Mounting And Wiring SETTING THE COUNTRY STANDARD AND LANGUAGE There are different grid parameters according to the country in which the inverter is installed. The language of the display menus will be also be defined by the grid standard chosen. Before turning the rotary switches, make sure the inverter is switched off! The TRIO is shipped with the predefined settings for the North American market,...

  • Page 55: Operation Guide

    Page 54 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 4 OPERATION GUIDE...

  • Page 56: Part 4 General Conditions

    Page 55 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide GENERAL CONDITIONS One of the first rules for preventing damage to the equipment and injury to the operator is to have a thorough knowledge of the user interface operations. Power-One cannot be held responsible for damage to the equipment or the operator if caused by incompetence, insufficient qualifications or lack of training.

  • Page 57: Display And Keypad

    LED conditions can be found in Table 4-1 below. The buttons are used to review data on the display 23, (see section 4.3.1.1 for description of symbols and display fields), and access the data logged internally on the AURORA TRIO using menus (described in section 4.5 below).
  • Page 58 LED off LED flashing Any of the above conditions Status of the LEDs Operating State Description 1: green: AURORA self-disconnects during night 2: yellow: Input voltage less than 90 Vdc at both inputs 3: red: 1: green: COMMUNICATION ERROR: There is a loss of communication between the...
  • Page 59 Page 58 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide 4.3.1.1 Description of Symbols and Display Fields The operating parameters of the equipment can be viewed on the display 23 and include warnings, alarms, channels, voltages, etc. During operation, the display cycles through the various operating parameters.
  • Page 60 Page 59 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide Table 4-3: Display fields and symbols Tx-R Indicates the transmission and reception of Num. Symbol Function Description data through the RS-485 line. RS-485 Indicates the RS-485/Modbus communication line is active. Warning Indicates the potential power reduction due to the input voltage and/or due to a setting...
  • Page 61 Page 60 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide DC/AC circuit Indicates the circuit for conversion from DC Num. Symbol Function Description to AC. AC voltage value Displays the reading of the grid voltage (VAC). The number at the side indicates the phase. AC current value AC current value is displayed.

  • Page 62: Commissioning

    Page 61 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide COMMISSIONING Power-One provides commissioning service (initial setup and power up). Please contact Power- One Customer Service at 1-877-261-1374. Do not place objects of any kind on the inverter during operation! Do not touch the heatsink while the inverter is operating! Some parts may be very hot and cause burns.
  • Page 63 Page 62 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide 3. If there are no irregularities due to the checking of the grid voltage and frequency parameters, the grid connection sequence starts. Once all the checks are finished, if all the grid parameters are complied with, icon b19 comes on.
  • Page 64 Page 63 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide 4.4.1 PERATIONAL EHAVIOR OF THE ISPLAY If the MPPT scan function is enabled, icon b6 will be shown on the display. See the MPPT settings menu, section 4.5.3 below. This icon will flash during scanning. During operation, the following values are displayed in rotation: Voltage and current (b12 and b13) from the PV field.
  • Page 65 Page 64 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide 4.4.2 EHAVIOR OF THE Next to each state of the inverter, (indicated through the steady or intermittent lighting of the relevant LED), a message is shown on the display 23, in area b7. The message identifies the operation in progress or the detected fault/anomaly found.

  • Page 66: Description Of The Menus

    Page 65 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide DESCRIPTION OF THE MENUS The graphic display section b7 consists of 2 lines with 16 characters per line. When moving through the menu using the buttons of the LED panel 25, area b7 is used to: •...
  • Page 67 Page 66 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide 4.5.2 TATISTICS Selecting STATISTICS from the three main sub-menus gives access to: Lifetime - This section of the menu allows you to display the Total statistics for Lifetime operation: Time: Total operating time E-tot: Total energy produced •...
  • Page 68 Page 67 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide 4.5.3 ETTINGS When SETTINGS is selected from the three main submenus, the first screen for the password is populated in the display The default password is “0000”. This can be changed using the display buttons and the following procedure Press ENTER to scroll the digits (from left to right) Press ESC to return to the previous digit (from right to left)
  • Page 69 Page 68 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide Set U>> Max grid voltage. Grid overvoltage (OV) threshold (extended range). Table 4-4: Service submenu Display Description Set U<< Min grid voltage. Grid undervoltage (UV) threshold (extended range). Set F>>...
  • Page 70 Page 69 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide New PW - This section of the menu allows you to change the password for accessing the SETTINGS menu (default 0000). We ADVISE you to be very careful in memorizing the new password. If the Password is misplaced, it will not be possible to access the inverter because there is no Reset function (for security reasons).
  • Page 71 Page 70 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide Remote ON/OFF - This section of the menu allows you to enable/disable the connection /disconnection of the inverter to/from the grid through the relevant control signal (R ON/OFF). Disable: the connection/disconnection of the inverter to/from the grid is dictated by the input (voltage from the photovoltaic array) and output (grid voltage) parameters of the •...
  • Page 72 Page 71 of 114 Part 4 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Operation Guide Alarm - This section of the menu allows you to enter a customized message that is shown immediately after the specific error message has been displayed. • Enable/Disable: Enables/Disables the display of customized messages •...

  • Page 73: Troubleshooting Guide

    Page 72 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 5 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE...

  • Page 74: Part 5 General Conditions

    The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting GENERAL CONDITIONS AURORA TRIO Inverters comply with the standards set for grid-tied operation, safety, and electromagnetic compatibility. Before the product is shipped various tests are carried out successfully to ensure functioning, protection devices, performance and durability.

  • Page 75: Troubleshooting

    Page 74 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Table 5-1: Alarm messages and display codes Display Display Alarm Cause Solution Ground Red LED Ground Fault The alarm is generated when a possible, measure insulation Message Codes Fault ground leakage current is detected resistance...
  • Page 76 Page 75 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution E004 Bulk OV Bulk The alarm is raised when the The alarm can be triggered by causes Message Codes Overvoltage voltage at the terminals of the bulk external to the inverter an excessive capacitors exceeds the overvoltage inverter input voltage can be detected as a...
  • Page 77 Page 76 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution E013 Wrong Wrong Input The alarm is generated only when Make sure the setting of the a01 switch Message Codes Mode Mode (parallel the inverter is configured with has been intentionally positioned on instead of...
  • Page 78 Page 77 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution E019 Self-Test Leakage current Before connecting to the grid, the This is an error inside the inverter that Message Codes Error 3 sensor self- test inverter carries out an Autotest that cannot be checked externally.
  • Page 79 Page 78 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution E025 Riso Low Low insulation Before connecting to the grid, the See Appendix, section 7.5.1.2 regarding Message Codes resistance inverter measures the insulation Ground faults in PV panels.
  • Page 80 Page 79 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution E030 Error Meas ILeak Measures Error in the internal measurement This is an error inside the inverter that Message Codes Ileak Fault (carried out when the inverter is cannot be checked externally.
  • Page 81 Page 80 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution E037 Riso Low Low insulation This error can appear only if the Check for the presence and correct Message Codes resistance “Amorphous” mode is enabled. This contacting of the two terminals of the (amorphous function is enabled only in inverters...
  • Page 82 Page 81 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting Display Display Alarm Cause Solution W010 Fan Fail Fan Fail This error appears when there is Error inside the inverter that cannot be Message Codes malfunctioning of the fan(s) inside resolved with external operations.

  • Page 83: The Power 0Ne Service Call

    Page 82 of 114 Part 5 The Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Troubleshooting THE POWER 0NE SERVICE CALL Call Power-One Technical Support at 877-261-1374. The following information, which can be found on the display of the inverter, is necessary to initiate a call with Technical Support: Model number Serial number...

  • Page 84: Maintenance Guide

    Page 83 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 6 MAINTENANCE GUIDE...

  • Page 85: Part 6 General Conditions

    Page 84 of 114 Part 6 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Maintenance Guide GENERAL CONDITIONS Checking and maintenance operations must be carried out by specialized staff assigned to perform this work. DO NOT allow the equipment to be used if problems of any kind are found. Maintenance operations must be carried out with the equipment disconnected from the grid, unless otherwise indicated.

  • Page 86: Routine Maintenance

    Page 85 of 114 Part 6 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Maintenance Guide ROUTINE MAINTENANCE Routine maintenance operations can be carried out directly by the user or by the installer. Clean the equipment once a month; in particular, the lower grill on the wiring box 02 through which the air for cooling the heatsink 26 passes and the heatsink itself.

  • Page 87: Cr2032 Battery Replacement

    Page 86 of 114 Part 6 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Maintenance Guide CR2032 BATTERY REPLACEMENT The CR2032 battery, located on the communication card 09, powers the time of day clock. When this battery is at end-of-life, a message will be appear in the display alerting the need for replacement.

  • Page 88: Storage And Dismantling

    Page 87 of 114 Part 6 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Maintenance Guide STORAGE AND DISMANTLING If the equipment is not used immediately or is stored for long periods, check that it is correctly packed and contact Power-One for storage instructions. The equipment must be stored in well- ventilated indoor areas.
  • Page 89 Page 88 of 114 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA PART 7 APPENDIX...

  • Page 90: Part 7 Technical Data

    Page 89 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix TECHNICAL DATA Table 7-1: Technical Data 20000 27600 Technical Data Values TRIO-20.0-TL US TRIO-27.6-TL US 22000* 30000* Nominal Output Power Maximum Output Power Rated Grid AC Voltage Input Side (DC) Number of Independent MPPT 12000 16000...
  • Page 91 5.5” x 1.25” Graphic Display Communication (1) RS485 Connection (1) RS485 Connection User-Interface (Display) Can be configured for Aurora Can be configured for Aurora Protocol or Modbus RTU. Support Protocol or Modbus RTU. Support for optional monitoring expansion for optional monitoring expansion...
  • Page 92 Page 91 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix -S : 19 (8.7) -S : 19 (8.7) Technical Data Values TRIO-20.0-TL US TRIO-27.6-TL US -S1 : 24 (10.9) -S1 : 24 (10.9) -S1A : 25 (11.3) -S1A : 25 (11.3) -S1B : 24 (10.8) -S1B : 24 (10.8) Combiner Box Unit Weight...
  • Page 93 Page 92 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.1.1 ORQUE ALUES To maintain the NEMA4X protection of the system and for optimal installation, the following torque values must be used: AC cable openings (16) 7.5 Nm/5.5 ft-lb Table 7-2: Torque values Service cable openings (10) 2.7 Nm/24 in-lb...
  • Page 94 Page 93 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.1.2 LOCK IAGRAM OF THE QUIPMENT The diagram, shown in Figure 7-1 below, is a block diagram of the operation of the inverter. The main blocks are the input boost converters and the output inverter. Both the boost converters and the output inverter operate at high switching frequencies resulting in a compact size and relatively light weight.
  • Page 95 Page 94 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix Figure 7-1: TRIO Block Diagram...
  • Page 96 Page 95 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.1.3 FFICIENCY URVES The equipment was designed in compliance with energy conservation standards to avoid waste and unnecessary leakage. Graphs of the efficiency curves of all the models of inverter described in this manual are shown below.
  • Page 97 Page 96 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.1.4 OLTAGE AND EMPERATURE ERATING DUE TO LTITUDE Certain conditions should be considered when choosing an installation location at high altitudes. Air pressure decreases as altitude above sea level increases. The reduced air density results in less effective heat dispersal, hence the need to reduce rated operating temperatures.
  • Page 98 Figure 7-4: Normalized temperature derating with altitude EXAMPLE – TEMPERATURE DERATING CALCULATION FOR A TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL-US installed at 7500 feet: The maximum rated temperature, for full power operation at sea level, from the Aurora TRIO- 20.0/27.6-TL-US series datasheet, is 113 F (45 The normalized temperature derating factor, from the graph in Figure 7-4, at an altitude of 7500 feet is .945.
  • Page 99 Page 98 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix VOLTAGE DERATING The dielectric strength of air decreases with altitude, so the maximum DC input inverter voltage must be decreased at high altitudes to avoid unwanted electrical arcs. Figure 7-5 shows normalized voltage derating factor with increased altitude.
  • Page 100 Page 99 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.1.5 UTOMATIC OWER EDUCTION In order to maintain safe inverter operation under adverse environmental conditions or due to improper input voltages, the unit automatically reduces the amount of power it feeds to the grid. The conditions for power reduction due to environmental conditions and input voltage can occur at the same time, but the power reduction will always be determined by the more severe factor.
  • Page 101 Page 100 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix TRIO 27.6kW - Power limit vs. Ambient TRIO 27.6kW - Power limit vs. Ambient Temperature Temperature 35000 30000 25000 20000 Vin=520Vdc 15000 Vin=715Vdc 10000 Vin=800Vdc 5000 Ambient Temperature [°C] Figure 7-7: TRIO 27.6kW Power limit vs.
  • Page 102 Page 101 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix TRIO 20.0kW - Pout vs. Vin Parallel Input Configuration 25000 20000 15000 Pout vs. Vin 10000 Pout limit vs. Vin 5000 1000 Vin [V] Figure 7-8: TRIO 20.0kW -Pout vs. Vin Parallel Input Configuration TRIO 20.0kW - Pin and Pout vs.
  • Page 103 Page 102 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix TRIO 27.6kW - Pout vs. Vin Parallel Input Configuration 35000 30000 25000 20000 Pout vs. Vin 15000 Pout limit vs. Vin 10000 5000 1000 Vin [V] Figure 7-10: TRIO 27.6kW -Pout vs. Vin Parallel Input Configuration TRIO 27.6kW - Pin and Pout vs.

  • Page 104: Field Adjustable Trip Limits For Voltage And Frequency

    Page 103 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix FIELD ADJUSTABLE TRIP LIMITS FOR VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY The UL1741 requires the following voltage and frequency limits for utility interaction. This table shows the factory settings and ranges of adjustability of the parameters for grid protection. Table 7-4: Settings and ranges of adjustability of grid protection parameters Parameter Range for Adjustability...

  • Page 105: Mppt Configuration Examples

    Page 104 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix MPPT CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES Table 7-5: MPPT Channel configuration example PV field characteristics MPPT configuration Notes A NECESSARY condition for The photovoltaic array the two MPPTs to be used in consists of strings having a independent mode is for the •...
  • Page 106 Page 105 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix PV field characteristics MPPT configuration Notes horizontal and the same for the two MPPTs to be orientation to the SOUTH. connected in parallel is for the photovoltaic array connected The photovoltaic array to the two inputs to consist of connected to each of the...

  • Page 107: Environmental Sensors

    Page 106 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS External sensors monitoring environmental conditions connected environmental sensors a06: AN1 - Analog sensor 1 connection AN2 - Analog sensor 2 connection PT100 - Connection of a PT100 temperature sensor PT1000 - Connection of a PT1000 temperature sensor...
  • Page 108 Page 107 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix PVI-AEC-IRR Irradiance sensor W/mq Model Type Gain Offset U.d.M PVI-AEC-IRR-T Irradiance sensor Irradiance: 120 Irradiance: 0 Irradiance: with integrated cell Cell temp.: 10.869 Cell temp.: -20 temp. sensor Cell temp.: ⁰C PVI-AEC-RAD-13TC Irradiance sensor...
  • Page 109 Page 108 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.4.1 ONNECTION DIAGRAMS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS Connection diagrams for the main sensors sold by Power-One are shown below: For non- conventional installations or additional information about the connections, please contact the technical support department.

  • Page 110: Protective Devices Within The Aurora Inverter

    Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix PROTECTIVE DEVICES WITHIN THE AURORA INVERTER 7.5.1.1 Anti-Islanding In the event of a local grid outage by the utility company, or when the equipment is switched off for maintenance operations, the inverter must be physically disconnected safely, to ensure protection of people working on the grid, all in accordance with the relevant national standards and laws.

  • Page 111: Strings And Arrays

    Page 110 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix STRINGS AND ARRAYS A photovoltaic panel consists of many photovoltaic cells mounted on the same support. A string consists of a certain number of panels connected in series. An array consists of two or more strings connected in parallel.
  • Page 112 Page 111 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix 7.6.2 EASUREMENT TO EST FOR NSULATION ESISTANCE A ground fault may be due to a cracked panel, or compromised insulation. The technician may inspect cabling and other insulation for cracks, rubbed spots, tears or other damage. With the PV array powered down and a Megohm meter (megger) it may be possible to measure reduced insulation resistance.

  • Page 113: Fcc Remarks

    Page 112 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix An insulation resistance < 300 kOhm may be sufficient to cause the inverter to disconnect the grid. Check for insulation damage or wear or contact the PV panel manufacturer. FCC REMARKS The equipment specified in this manual complies with part 15 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

  • Page 114: Index Of Tables And Figures

    Page 113 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix INDEX OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 1-1: PV array structure in Independent configuration ................10 Figure 1-2: PV array structure in Parallel configuration..................11 Table 2-1: Components shipped with equipment ....................18 Figure 2-1: Outdoor installation examples .........................
  • Page 115 Page 114 of 114 Part 7 Technical Manual: TRIO-20.0/27.6-TL US BCG.00627_AA Appendix Figure 7-11: TRIO 27.6kW -Pin and Pout vs. Vin1/Vin2 Independent Input Configuration ....102 Table 7-4: Settings and ranges of adjustability of grid protection parameters ........103 Table 7-5: MPPT Channel configuration example ....................104...
  • Page 116 ® Power Service China +86 755 2988 5888 Aurora Power Service Singapore +65 6896 3363 ® Aurora Power Service Malaysia +603-8025 9963 ® Release NA1.0 - Aurora ® is a trademark by Power-One - Product is subject to technical improvements...

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