Open Loop - Ground Water Systems; Water Quality Standards - Heat Controller R-410A Installation, Operation & Maintenance Manual

Heat Controller, Inc.
Ground-Water Heat Pump Applications
Typical open loop piping is shown in Figure 3 [See Page 11].
Shut off valves should be included in case of servicing. Boiler
drains or other valves should be 'tee'd' into the line to allow acid
flushing of just the heat exchanger. Pressure temperature plugs
should be used so that flow and temperature can be measured.
Piping materials should be limited to PVC SCH80 or copper.
Due to the pressure and temperature extremes, PVC SCH40
is not recommended. Water quantity should be plentiful and of
good quality. Consult Table 1 for water quality guidelines.
The unit can be ordered with either a copper or cupro-nickel
water heat exchanger. Copper is recommended for closed
loop systems and open loop ground water systems that are
Table 1: Water Quality Standards
WaterÊQuality
Parameter
ScalingÊPotentialÊ-ÊPrimaryÊMeasurement
AboveÊtheÊgivenÊlimits,ÊscalingÊisÊlikelyÊtoÊoccur.ÊÊScalingÊindexesÊshouldÊbeÊcalculatedÊusingÊtheÊlimitsÊbelow
pH/CalciumÊHardness
Method
IndexÊLimitsÊforÊProbableÊScalingÊSituationsÊ-Ê
ScalingÊindexesÊshouldÊbeÊcalculatedÊatÊ150¡FÊ[66¡C]ÊforÊdirectÊuseÊandÊHWGÊapplications,ÊandÊatÊ90¡FÊ[32¡C]ÊforÊindirectÊHXÊuse.Ê
AÊmonitoringÊplanÊshouldÊbeÊimplemented.
Ryznar
StabilityÊIndex
Langelier
SaturationÊIndex
IronÊFouling
IronÊFe (Ferrous)
2+
(BacterialÊIronÊpotential)
IronÊFouling
CorrosionÊPrevention
pH
HydrogenÊSulfideÊ(H S)
2
AmmoniaÊionÊasÊhydroxide,Êchloride,Ê
nitrateÊandÊsulfateÊcompounds
Maximum
ChlorideÊLevels
ErosionÊandÊClogging
ParticulateÊSizeÊand
Erosion
Notes:
• Closed Recirculating system is identified by a closed pressurized piping system.
• Recirculating open wells should observe the open recirculating design considerations.
• NR - Application not recommended.
• "-" No design Maximum.
WATER-TO-WATER (HWW) SERIES
HX Closed
Material Recirculating
-
All
(OperationÊoutsideÊtheseÊlimitsÊisÊnotÊrecommended)
-
All
-
All
-
All
IfÊFe
-
All
AboveÊthisÊlevelÊdepositionÊwillÊoccur.
6Ê-Ê8.5
All
Monitor/treatÊas
MinimizeÊsteelÊpipeÊbelowÊ7ÊandÊnoÊopenÊtanksÊwithÊpHÊ<8
needed
-
AtÊH
All
-
All
-
Copper
CuproNickel -
304ÊSS -
316ÊSS -
Titanium -
<10ÊppmÊofÊparticles
andÊaÊmaximum
<10ÊppmÊ(<1ÊppmÊ"sandfree"ÊforÊreinjection)ÊofÊparticlesandÊaÊmaximum
velocityÊofÊ6ÊfpsÊ[1.8Êm/s].
All
velocityÊofÊ6ÊfpsÊ[1.8Êm/s].ÊFilteredÊforÊmaximumÊ800ÊmicronÊ[800mm,
FilteredÊforÊmaximum
20Êmesh]Êsize.AnyÊparticulateÊthatÊisÊnotÊremovedÊcanÊpotentially
800ÊmicronÊ[800mm,
clogÊcomponents.
20Êmesh]Êsize.
not high in mineral content or corrosiveness. In conditions an-
ticipating heavy scale formation or in brackish water, a cupro-
nickel heat exchanger is recommended.
In ground water situations where scaling could be heavy or
where biological growth such as iron bacteria will be present,
a closed loop system is recommended. It is recommended to
install an intermediate heat exchanger to isolate an open loop
from the heat pump loop on open well systems. Heat exchang-
ers may over time lose heat exchange capabilities due to a
build up of mineral deposits inside. These can be cleaned only
by a qualified service mechanic as acid and special pumping
equipment are required.
OpenÊLoopÊandÊRecirculatingÊWell
pHÊ<Ê7.5ÊandÊCaÊHardnessÊ<100ppm
6.0Ê-Ê7.5
IfÊ>7.5ÊminimizeÊsteelÊpipeÊuse.
-0.5ÊtoÊ+0.5
IfÊ<-0.5ÊminimizeÊsteelÊpipeÊuse.ÊBasedÊuponÊ150¡FÊ[66¡C]ÊHWGÊand
DirectÊwell,Ê85¡FÊ[29¡C]ÊIndirectÊWellÊHX
<0.2ÊppmÊ(Ferrous)
Ê(ferrous)>0.2ÊppmÊwithÊpHÊ6Ê-Ê8,ÊO2<5ÊppmÊcheckÊforÊironÊbacteria
2+
<0.5ÊppmÊofÊOxygen
6Ê-Ê8.5
<0.5Êppm
S>0.2Êppm,ÊavoidÊuseÊofÊcopperÊandÊcopperÊnickelÊpipingÊorÊHX's.
2
RottenÊeggÊsmellÊappearsÊatÊ0.5ÊppmÊlevel.
CopperÊalloyÊ(bronzeÊorÊbrass)ÊcastÊcomponentsÊareÊOKÊtoÊ<0.5Êppm.
<0.5Êppm
MaximumÊAllowableÊatÊmaximumÊwaterÊtemperature.
50¡FÊ(10¡C) 75¡FÊ(24¡C)
<20ppm NR
<150Êppm NR
<400Êppm <250Êppm
<1000Êppm <550Êppm
>1000Êppm >550Êppm
10
Installation & Operation
100ϒ F (38ϒ C)
NR
NR
<150 ppm
< 375 ppm
>375 ppm
Rev.: 01/21/09B