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FS453/4 AND FS455/6
FS453/4 and FS455/6
Data Sheet Guides
To make specialized information easier to find, the FS453/4 and FS455/6 Data Sheet is
organized into separate reference guides. Each guide addresses a different purpose or
user.
The FS453/4 and FS455/6 Product Brief provides general information for all
users.
FS453/4 and FS455/6 Hardware Reference
The
system designers. It provides information on developing
FS453/4 and FS455/6 applications. (This section now includes
PCB Layout Guide)
The FS453/4 and FS455/6 Software/Firmware Reference is for programmers.
It provides information on programming the FS453/4 and FS455/6.
If you need additional reference guides, contact your Focus Enhancements
representative.
Throughout this document "FS453" is used as a general term to reference the FS453,
FS454, FS455, and FS456. The FS453 and FS454 are the PQFP versions of the chip,
and the FS455 and FS456 are the BGA versions of the chip. The FS454 and FS456
support Macrovision anti-copy protection, while the FS453 and FS455 do not.
JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0
DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE
FS453/4 and FS455/6
PC-to-TV Video Scan
Converter
COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC.
1
FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor
is for
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Table of Contents
Related Manuals for Focus FS453
Summary of Contents for Focus FS453
- Page 1 Throughout this document "FS453" is used as a general term to reference the FS453, FS454, FS455, and FS456. The FS453 and FS454 are the PQFP versions of the chip, and the FS455 and FS456 are the BGA versions of the chip. The FS454 and FS456 support Macrovision anti-copy protection, while the FS453 and FS455 do not.
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Solder)...39 Table 1: Input to Output Conversion Matrix...6 Table 2: FS453 PQFP Pin Assignments ...14 Table 3: FS453 to GCC Pin Mapping ...16 Table 4: FS453 Pin Descriptions ...20 Table 5: Register Reference Table...23 Table 6: Absolute Maximum and Recommended Ratings ...24... -
Page 3: Document Overview
The reference is divided into eight sections: 1. Introduction – explains the purpose and general flow of the FS453. Begins on page 4. 2. Architectural Overview – defines the major sections of the FS453 and describes how they work together. -
Page 4: Introduction
Array (FBGA) package and requires power from +1.8V digital and +3.3V analog supplies. Note: I C is a registered trademark of Philips Corporation. The FS453 Serial I/O bus is similar but not identical to the Philips I bus. COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. -
Page 5: Architectural Overview
Figure 1: FS453 Functional Block Diagram 2.1 Inputs The FS453 accepts computer graphics images in many different resolutions and pixel frequencies on P[23:0]. The FS453 adaptively process this information for optimal display on SDTV and HDTV television sets. JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0 •... -
Page 6: Input To Output Conversion Matrix6
Unfortunately, these techniques can introduce shape-distorting artifacts and surround the actual image with blank areas. The FS453, however, uses patented technology that can scale the graphics image without creating artifacts. The patented 2D Scaler can independently upscale or downscale an image in both the horizontal (pixels) and vertical (lines) directions. -
Page 7: Patented 2D Flicker Filter
Macrovision 7 anti-copy protection in the encoder. The FS454 and FS456 also include 480p protection. 2.8 Bi and Tri-Level Sync Insertion (HDTV) The FS453 also offers HDTV Syncs output modes. The color matrix, output level, and sync type are fully programmable allowing for compatibility with the multiple HDTV standards. The FS453 inserts bi-level or tri-level sync signals as defined by the standards. -
Page 8: Serial Control Interface
Use the slave mode when the GCC does not have a pixel clock input. Note: I C is a registered trademark of Philips Corporation. The FS453 Serial I/O bus is similar but not identical to the Philips I bus. COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. -
Page 9: Technical Highlights
The following diagram (Figure 2) illustrates the response of the FS453's video scaler. It is a normalized plot of the Luma frequency response of the FS453's video scaler. As we can see, the FS453's patented video scaler behaves like a high quality filter with only a gradual frequency roll off. -
Page 10: Flicker Reduction
3.2.2 FS453 Solution The FS453 uses a patented flicker filter that calculates output pixel values as a function of both vertical (line averaging) and horizontal (pixel averaging) pixel relationships. In effect the FS453 can decide where and how to reduce flicker within the image. -
Page 11: Video Encoding
FS453 is able to support many SDTV video standards, including all of the South American variations. The FS453 can output NTSC M, J and PAL B, D, G, H, I, M, N, Combination N, and PAL-60 formats with 10 bits of resolution. Both Composite and S-Video outputs are available simultaneously. -
Page 12: Scaling And Positioning Notes
TV standard is NTSC. In NTSC, TV_VTOTAL is 525 lines per frame and the full-size active area is 487 lines per frame. To program the FS453 to scale the GRAPHICS image to fit on 400 lines of TV video (for example, to fit the image within the TV bezel), set TV_VACTIVE to 400. -
Page 13: Horizontal Scaling
HUSC is 32 (20h) and HSC = 2000h. 4.3 Vertical and Horizontal Position The position of the graphics image on the television screen is controlled in two ways. The FS453 determines where input video data appears in time using the vertical and horizontal sync signals from the GCC. -
Page 14: Pin Assignments
P18/V656_6 P19/V656_7 ALT_ADDR VDD_33 VSS_33 P21/V656_H P22/V656_V P23/V656_F HSYNC VSYNC FIELD BLANK RSVD0 VDD_18 Table 2: FS453 PQFP Pin Assignments COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Name Name VSS_18 VDD_OSC VSS_33 XTAL_OUT VSS_18 XTAL_IN SDATA VSS_OSC SCLK... -
Page 15: Figure 8 Fbga Pin Diagram
FS453/4 AND FS455/6 DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Figure 8 FBGA Pin Diagram COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0 FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 16: Fs453 ⇔ Gcc Pin Mapping
FS453/4 AND FS455/6 5.1 FS453 ⇔ GCC Pin Mapping Table 3 below maps the FS453 pins to the host GCC controller chip. FBGA PQFP FS453 Pin # Pin # Pin Name CLKOUT CLKIN_P CLKIN_N HSYNC VSYNC BLANK P12/ V656_0 P13/ V656_1... -
Page 17: Pin Descriptions
Reference Range (see Electrical Characteristics on page 25). GTL/TTL I/O Digital HSYNC VGA I/O. Connects to GCC HSync. GTL/TTL I/O Digital VSYNC VGA I/O. Connects to GCC VSync. COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Pin Function Description FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... - Page 18 GCC active area. Connects to GCC blank pin (or to ground if a GCC blank pin is not available). GTL/TTL Digital FIELD output. Delay and polarity output programmable. COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Pin Function Description FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor...
- Page 19 Serial data. Data line of the serial port. (open drain) Connect to GCC serial data pin. TTL Input Serial clock. Clock line of the serial port. Connect to GCC serial clock pin. COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Pin Function Description FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor...
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Page 20: Table 4: Fs453 Pin Descriptions
Digital Ground. 1.5 to 3.3 volt output power return. Digital Ground. 1.8 volt power return. D/A Converter Digital Ground. D/A Converter Analog Ground. Table 4: FS453 Pin Descriptions COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Pin Function Description FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 21: Control Register Function Map
Control Registers, please consult the FS453/4 and FS455/6 Software / Firmware Reference. 6.1 Register Reference Table The General Function labels of the FS453 registers are intended to help design engineers determine which registers will affect specific functions of the FS453. - Page 22 ENC_VER WSS_CONFIG WSS_CLK WSS_DATAF1 WSS_DATAF0 WSS_LNF1 WSS_LNF0 WSS_LVL MISC_8D VID_CNTL0 HD_FP_SYNC HD_YOFF_BP SYNC_DL LD_DET DAC_CNTL PWR_MGNT COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Default Value 0246h 003Ch 0183h 00C8h 00B4h 004Ah 0072h 000000h 000000h 03FFh 0000h 0000h 0000h...
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Page 23: Table 5: Register Reference Table
Offset RED_MTX GRN_MTX BLU_MTX RED_SCL GRN_SCL BLU_SCL VALUE SAMPLE HACT_ST HACT_WD VACT_ST VACT_HT Table 5: Register Reference Table COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Default Value 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h 0000h... -
Page 24: Specifications
-0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 (delta) -0.3 SS-O SS-OSC -0.3 -0.3 -10.0 -0.3 -10.0 -0.3 -0.3 -6.0 COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Rec. Unit 3.0-3.6 1.62-1.95 3.0-3.6 3.0-3.6 3.0-3.6 3.0-3.6 3.0-3.6 + 0.3 DD-33 DD-33 3.0-5.5 10.0 + 0.3... -
Page 25: Electrical Characteristics
DD-33 = max. = 3.3 ± 0.3V, DD-33 = 0 V = 3.3 ± 0.3V, DD-33 = 0 V = -6mA = 6mA COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor Unit ±10 µA ±10 µA µA -4.0 ±10 µA ±10... -
Page 26: Table 7: Electrical Characteristics
= 37.5 Ω = 549 Ω FS_ADJ Freq. < 10 kHz All DACs On = 0 mA, Freq. = 1 MHz Table 7: Electrical Characteristics COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Unit -12.0 12.0 -8.0 -4.0 0.40 -4.0... -
Page 27: Switching Characteristics
150 MHz = 0.75V, 1.5V signaling. = 0.75V, 1.5V signaling. = 0.75V, 1.5V signaling. = 0.75V, 1.5V signaling. Table 8: Switching Characteristics COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE 27.0 15.0 15.0 18.0 150.0 75.0 0.78125 150.0 0.78125 120.0... -
Page 28: Mechanical Dimensions
14.00 17.20 3. Foot length "L" is measured at gage 14.00 0º – 7º .12 NOM. Table 9: Package Dimensions COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE tolerances as indicated. plane, 0.25 above seating plane. FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 29: 88-Lead Fbga Package
FS453/4 AND FS455/6 DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE 8.2 88-Lead FBGA Package Figure 10 FBGA Package Outline & Dimensions COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0 FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 30: Component Placement
A printed circuit board (PCB) with a minimum of four layers is recommended for all designs utilizing the FS453. We recommend that layers 1 (top) and 4 (bottom) are used for signals, and that layers 2 and 3 are used for power and ground respectively. This provides the designer with ample access to all system traces and eases the process of manual design modification. -
Page 31: Ground
Figure 11: Recommended Power Filter Networks 9.1.2 Ground Connect the analog and digital grounds of the FS453 to separate ground planes. This will insure that electrical noise from the digital ground does not pollute the analog ground. Connect these two planes with either a ferrite bead or a very thin trace. -
Page 32: Video Inputs
9.2.2 Video Inputs The digital pixel data and the pixel clock of the FS453 may toggle at speeds up to 150 MHz (depending on input mode). It is critical that the traces used for these signals be kept as short as possible. They should be isolated from the analog outputs and analog circuitry. -
Page 33: Figure 12: Recommended Output Filter
FS453/4 AND FS455/6 DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE 9.3.1.2 Suggested Output Filter Network Figure 12 below shows the suggested output filter network for the FS453. Note that SDTV and HDTV use different values. Figure 12: Recommended Output Filter COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. -
Page 34: Clock/Oscillator
9.4.2 FS453 Pixel Clock In addition to the 27 MHz reference clock, the FS453 relies on a variable pixel clock to control the timing of the digital video signal from the graphics controller (Pseudo-master mode only). This pixel clock is generated by the FS453, sent to the graphics controller, and then returned to the FS453 along with the JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0... -
Page 35: Pixel Clock Mode
The simplest transmission line termination is a series 33 Ohm SMD resistor placed as close to the source pin on the FS453 as possible. This works well as long as the signal only has one destination and does not change layers through vias. -
Page 36: Figure 13: Pixel Clock Pseudo-Master Mode
In Slave Mode shown below, the FS453 is under the complete control of the GCC. The GCC provides the FS453 with all of the signals needed to produce an analog video signal. One must be careful when using the Slave Mode. Since the FS453 cannot control the GCC clock, the scalability of video images is limited. -
Page 37: Emi Case Study
Faraday shields. However, unless the traces were placed at right angles on adjacent planes, this is not practical (Crosstalk becomes an issue). JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0 DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 38: Solder Re-Flow Profiles
IR Re-flow Profile for Pre-conditioning Pre-heat(B) Heat-up(C) Maintain(D) 140~160°C 20~60sec 3°C/sec Max. 60~120sec (Over 200°C) COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Re-flow peak(E) Cooling down(F) Max. 235 +5, -0 °C 6°C/sec max. 10sec +/-3sec FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 39: Figure 16 Fbga Package (Lead Solder)
IR Re-flow Profile for Pre-conditioning Pre-heat(B) Heat-up(C) Maintain(D) 160~190°C 255°C+5, -0°C 3°C/sec Max. 90 ±30sec 10 ±3sec COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE Re-flow peak(E) Cooling down(F) Max. 220 +5, -0 °C 6°C/sec max. 10sec ±3sec Re-flow peak(E) Cooling down(F) Max. -
Page 40: Revision History
July 1, 2004: Release V3.0 Added FS455/6 packaging information. Incorporated video port and DAC application notes. Miscellaneous minor edits. January 24, 2005: Release V3.1 Updated Lead-Free ordering information. Minor layout modifications to pin list. COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC. JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0 FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor... -
Page 41: Order Information
All parameters contained in this specification are guaranteed by: design, characterization, sample testing or 100% testing as appropriate. Focus Enhancements reserves the right to change products and specifications without notice. This information does not convey any license under patent rights of Focus Enhancements, Inc.