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An analogue system has an infinite range of values which it can record
Digital systems can record only a finite number of those values
This means that digital systems have some inevitable mismatch in the recording, and every such
mismatch adds noise and distortion to the signal.
‐ Digital systems use binary code – 1's and 0's.
each digit added doubles the number of possible values (i.e. a 1 digit number has 2 values, a 2 digit
has 4, a 3 digit has 8, etc.)
each time a digit is added the amount of inaccuracy is cut in half
1 digit reduces noise and distortion by 6dB (the digit is multiplied by six to get the dB)
So whatever the bit system is, multiply by 6 to get its range.
e.g. a CD = 16 bit so it's 96dB
DIGITAL FEATURES
‐ Copying a signal degrades it, but not in digital reproduction
‐ Digital has no wow or flutter, because the buffer circuit smooths out speed variations.
‐ A/D converter
in this conversion process the quality is affected by 2 variables:
1. Sample rate – the higher the sample rate the better; this gives you that hi‐fi sound
2. Bit depth ‐ the more bits the more accurate the measurement
3 Digital audio modes on the XL1
1. 16‐bit Stereo (48 kHz, 2 channel)
‐ highest sound quality
‐ 16 bit = the amount of data recorded and the range
‐ Need a sampling rate of 48 kHz, 44.1 kHz or 32 kHz
2. 12‐bit Stereo (32 kHz, 2 channels)
‐ Records on 2 of the 4 channels
‐ Leaves stereo 2 available for additional sound (music, narration, etc) – post‐prod sound
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