Kurzweil K150 - PROGRAMMERS MODEL REV A Hardware Manual

HARDWARE PROGRAMMER'S MODEL AND ADDRESS MAP
This document describes the Kurzweil 150 Fourier Synthesizer from the hardware programmer's point of view. It contains
addresses for all of the hardware registers and brief descriptions of each. At this level the programmer is responsible for all
of the details involved in sound generation, MIDI data decoding (if used), time keeping, front panel display refreshing, and
button scanning.
The reader should be familiar with the documents titled "Model K150 User's Manual", "150FS Version 1.6 Software", and
"Appendix 1 - K150FS System Exclusive Formats" as an example of one successful K150FS operating system
implementation. However this document was prepared for those interested in creating their own operating system perhaps
emphasizing different aspects of additive synthesis than the Kurzweil implementation, which was aimed primarily at realistic
recreations of acoustic instruments and a comprehensive MIDI implementation. For example, frequency envelopes for
partials might be implemented with the time saved by omitting the dynamic partial allocation feature of the Kurzweil
implementation.
SUMMARY OF HARDWARE RESOURCES
The K150FS consists of three boards: the CPU board, the "engine board", and the "sound board". The latter two make up the
sound generator while the CPU board contains all of the memory and other peripheral devices. The overall system resources
are as follows:
1. 68000 CPU running at 10MHz.
2. Program EPROM up to 128K bytes (4 x 27256 200nS), no wait states.
3. Scratch RAM (non volatile) 16K, no wait states
4. Sound EPROM up to 128K bytes (4 x 27256 200nS) or 256K bytes (4 x 27512), 2,5 wait states
5. Sound RAM (non volatile) 64K, 2,5 wait states
6. Parameter RAM (non volatile) 2K (old style) or 8K (new style), 2,5 waits
7. MC6850 serial I/O chip for MIDI In and Out
8. MC6840 programmable timer chip
9. 16 character 14 segment LED display with decimal points
10. 24 button panel
11. Contact sense for sustain pedal
12. Modulator and demodulator for audio cassette storage
13. General purpose parallel interface (not normally assembled on CPU board)
14. Miscellaneous output port for diagnostics and power-fail shutdown
15. Frequency units converter, functions as a large lookup table
16. Sound generator with 240 sine/noise waves and automatic linear interpolation of amplitude envelopes.
68000 CPU
The 68000 is clocked at 10MHz which is substantially faster than personal computers using the 68000 such as the Atari ST
and Apple Macintosh. Furthermore, for accesses to the primary program EPROM and scratch RAM, there are no wait states.
Programs normally run in Supervisor Mode and there is no special hardware for memory write protection or illegal address
detection. In fact, attempting to read or write a nonexistent address may cause the 68000 to hang due to lack of a DTACK.
The 68000 RESET instruction will reset the sound generator and peripherals.
The 68000 address map is as follows:
ADDRESS RANGE
$000000 - 00FFFF
$010000 - 01FFFF
$020000 - 020003
$024000 - 02000F
$028000 - 02BFFF
$02C000 - 02C7FF
K150FS Programmer's Model
KURZWEIL 150 FOURIER SYNTHESIZER
ALIASES
-023FFF
-027FFF
-02FFFF
FUNCTION
Program EPROM #1, 64K (sockets U55, U57)
Program EPROM #2, 64K (sockets U54, U56)
MC6850 MIDI UART (see below for actual addresses)
MC6840 Timer (see below for actual addresses)
Scratch RAM, 16K
(old style) Parameter RAM, 2K
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Rev. A 26-APR-88