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ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR 11 ADVANCED SERVER User Manual

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Acronis® Disk Director® 11
Advanced Server
User's Guide

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Summary of Contents for ACRONIS DISK DIRECTOR 11 ADVANCED SERVER

  • Page 1 Acronis® Disk Director® 11 Advanced Server User's Guide...
  • Page 2 Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010. All rights reserved. “Acronis” and “Acronis Secure Zone” are registered trademarks of Acronis, Inc. "Acronis Compute with Confidence", “Acronis Startup Recovery Manager”, “Acronis Active Restore” and the Acronis logo are trademarks of Acronis, Inc. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Acronis Disk Director components ................... 8 Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Management Console ............8 Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Agent for Windows ............8 Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Bootable Media Builder ............ 8 Installation and upgrade ......................9 Before installation ........................
  • Page 4 Volume operations ........................ 35 Creating a volume ........................35 Resizing a volume ........................37 Copying a volume ........................38 Moving a volume ........................39 Merging basic volumes ......................40 Formatting a volume .......................41 Deleting a volume ........................42 Splitting a volume ........................42 Changing a volume label ......................43 6.10 Changing a drive letter ......................44 6.11 Converting a primary volume to logical ...................44 6.12 Converting a logical volume to primary ...................45...
  • Page 5 How to create bootable media ........................64 8.1.2 Working under bootable media .........................68 Acronis Recovery Expert ......................70 Acronis Disk Editor ........................71 8.3.1 Starting work with Acronis Disk Editor ......................72 8.3.2 Main window, menu and controls ......................72 8.3.3 Editing disks ..............................73 8.3.4 View ................................74...

  • Page 6: Introducing Acronis® Disk Director® 11 Advanced

    New! Create both basic and dynamic volumes The handy Create Volume wizard has been improved to support dynamic volumes creation. Now, in addition to basic volumes, you can easily create dynamic volumes in Acronis Disk Director to:  Increase the volume size beyond the capacity of a single disk, by using a spanned volume ...
  • Page 7 Helps you to recover accidentally lost or deleted volumes on basic MBR disks.  Acronis Bootable Media Builder Now, you can create bootable media based both on WinPE and Linux to use Acronis Disk Director on bare metal or outside of an operating system. ...

  • Page 8: Acronis Disk Director Components

    Acronis Disk Director components Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Management Console The management console is an administrative tool for remote or local access to Acronis agents. Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Agent for Windows The agent provides disk management functionality such as, creating, resizing and merging volumes, cloning disks, converting disks, changing a disk partitioning style between MBR and GPT or changing a disk label, etc.

  • Page 9: Installation And Upgrade

    Installation and upgrade This section answers questions that might arise before the product installation and guides you through the installation and upgrade of Acronis Disk Director. In this section Before installation ..................9 Installation ....................11 Upgrading Acronis Disk Director .............. 12 Uninstalling Acronis Disk Director ............

  • Page 10: Supported File Systems

    3.1.5 Licensing policy Acronis Disk Director licensing is based on the number of Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Agents for Windows. One license key enables installation of agent on one machine. The license key is entered during the agent installation.

  • Page 11: Installation

    3.2.3 Specifying credentials for Acronis services Acronis Disk Director Agent runs as Windows service. When installing this component, you need to specify the account under which the agent's service will run. You can either create a dedicated user account or specify the existing account of a local or domain user.

  • Page 12: Upgrading Acronis Disk Director

    2. Enter the full license key. 3.3.2 Upgrading from previous product versions Preparation If the languages of the two products are different, uninstall Acronis Disk Director 10 before installing Acronis Disk Director 11. Otherwise, the installation will fail. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 13: Uninstalling Acronis Disk Director

    2. Start the Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced setup program. 3. Click Install Acronis Disk Director. 4. For the upgrade license key: Specify the upgrade license key and the license key for Acronis Disk Director 10 Server. For the full license key: specify only the key for Acronis Disk Director 11 Advanced Server.

  • Page 14: Technical Support

    If you need assistance with your Acronis product, please go to http ://www.acronis.eu/support/ Product Updates You can download the latest updates for all your registered Acronis software products from our website at any time after logging into your Account (http s://www.acronis.eu/my...

  • Page 15: Basic Concepts

    On a machine that runs an older Windows operating system, or an operating system other than Windows By using Acronis Disk Director, you can convert a basic disk to a dynamic disk (p. 58). Dynamic disks These disks provide a greater functionality as compared to basic disks.

  • Page 16: Types Of Basic Volumes

    By using Acronis Disk Director, you can convert a dynamic disk to a basic disk (p. 58). You may need to do so, for example, to install an operating system other than Windows on that disk. Converting a dynamic disk to basic may require deleting some volumes on it, such as volumes that occupy more than one disk.

  • Page 17: Active, System, And Boot Volumes

    Because of their special role, you should use extra caution when performing operations with these volumes. Some operations with these volumes have limitations as compared to ordinary volumes. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 18: Dynamic Volume Types Support

    A program that enables you to choose which operating system to run (if more than one is installed), such as GRUB  A diagnostic or recovery tool that runs before the operating system, such as Acronis Startup Recovery Manager In Acronis Disk Director, the active volume is marked with a flag-like icon: If you choose to run a Windows operating system, the start process continues from the volume known as the system volume.

  • Page 19: Volume Alignment In Disks With A 4-Kb Sector Size

    SSD drive. How to avoid volume misalignment The latest operating systems, starting from Windows Vista, already support the new sector size. Thus, volumes created with these operating systems will be properly aligned. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 20 Windows XP. Volumes already contain data. To align the misaligned volumes on the disk using Acronis Disk Director, clone this disk to another and then clone it back—see Disk cloning (p. 55). After cloning, Acronis Disk Director shifts the first volume start with 1MB offset, all the disk volumes will be aligned properly.

  • Page 21: Getting Started

    With these simple precautions, you will protect yourself against accidental data loss. User privileges In order to perform any operation using Acronis Disk Director, you must be logged on as a member of the Administrators group. Running Acronis Disk Director Running Acronis Disk Director in Windows 1.

  • Page 22: Using The Management Console

    Running Acronis Disk Director from a bootable media Acronis Disk Director has a bootable version that can be run on a bare metal system, or on a crashed machine that cannot boot normally, or even on a non-Windows system, like Linux. A bootable version of Acronis Disk Director is created with Acronis Bootable Media Builder (p.

  • Page 23: Disk Management" View

    2. Actions and tools pane Provides quick access to the operations that can be performed on the selected disk or volume — see Volume operations (p. 35) and Disk operations (p. 54), and Acronis tools — see Tools (p. 63). 3. Main area The main place of working, where you perform the disk management operations, view tasks and logs.

  • Page 24: Pending Operations

    5.4.1.1 Performing operations In Acronis Disk Director, all operations on disks and volumes are performed in the same way. To perform any operation 1. Do any of the following: ...
  • Page 25 To quit the Pending operations window without committing, click Cancel. If you try to exit Acronis Disk Director while there are pending operations that are not yet committed, you will be asked whether you want to commit them. Quitting the program without committing the pending operations effectively cancels them.
  • Page 26 Troubleshooting Disk Management article on the Microsoft website. Volume statuses Check a volume status to make sure the volume is accessible and works without problems. Volume statuses appear both in the table and graphical panel. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 27: Tasks" View

    The Log view will display a list of the log entries related to the selected task. View details of a task Click View details. In the Tasks details window, examine all information related to the selected task. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 28: Filtering And Sorting Tasks

    Running. Once the operation is committed the task enters either the Running state. Need interaction. Any running task can put itself into the Need interaction state when it needs human interaction such as changing media or ignoring a read error. The next state may be Stopping Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 29: Log" View

    5.4.3 "Log" view The Log stores the history of operations performed on the machine using Acronis Disk Director. For instance, when you create a new volume, the respective entry is added to the log. With the log, you can examine information about disk and volume operations, including reasons any for failures.

  • Page 30: Filtering And Sorting Log Entries

    As a result you will see that the list of log entries fully or just partly coincide with the entered value. Filter log entries by type Press or release the following toolbar buttons: to filter error messages to filter warning messages Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 31: Console Options

    To make a setting for each result (successful completion, failure or success with warnings) individually, select or clear the respective check box. 5.4.4.2 Fonts This option is effective when the console is connected to a managed machine. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 32: Machine Options

    The option defines the fonts to be used in the Graphical User Interface of Acronis Disk Director. The Menu setting affects the drop-down and context menus. The Application setting affects the other GUI elements. The preset is: System Default font for both the menus and the application interface items.

  • Page 33: Collecting System Information

    Collecting system information The system information collection tool gathers system information about the machine and saves it to a file. You may want to provide this file when contacting Acronis technical support. To collect system information 1. Select Help -> About -> Collect system information from the top menu.
  • Page 34 Follow the guidelines described in the Volume alignment in disks having a 4-KB sector size (p. 19) section. How to save, copy and restore the MBR? Read the Usage examples (p. 75) section of Acronis Disk Editor. How to change the volume's cluster size? Use the Change cluster size (p. 49) operation.

  • Page 35: Volume Operations

    Volume operations This section describes all the operations that you can perform with volumes in Acronis Disk Director. Acronis Disk Director must obtain exclusive access to the target disk/volume. This means no other disk management utilities (such as the Windows Disk Management utility) can access it at that time.
  • Page 36 Volume label (by default, NONE). A short name that you can assign to a volume to better differentiate it from other volumes. The maximum length of a volume label depends on the volume’s file system—see Changing a volume label (p. 43). Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 37: Resizing A Volume

    As a result you will be able to extend the volume by using all unallocated space, including the unallocated space that is not currently adjacent to the volume, while keeping the disk as a basic disk. When this check box is selected, the following option is available: Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 38: Copying A Volume

    Note for striped, mirrored, and RAID-5 volumes: Because these volumes occupy space on their disks in equal parts, the maximum size of such volume will depend on the selected disk with the least amount of unallocated space. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 39: Moving A Volume

    Note for striped, mirrored, and RAID-5 volumes: Because these volumes occupy space on their disks in equal parts, the maximum size of such volume will depend on the selected disk with the least amount of unallocated space. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 40: Merging Basic Volumes

    This folder will be named according to the volume label and volume letter (if present); for example: Merged Volume 'System' (C) 3. Click OK to add the pending volumes merging operation. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 41: Formatting A Volume

    The results of the pending operation are immediately displayed as if the operation had been performed. To perform the pending operation you will have to commit it (p. 24). Exiting the program without committing the pending operations will effectively cancel them. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 42: Deleting A Volume

    Will have the same volume label as the original volume. Free space requirements. The original volume needs to have at least 5% of free space, but not less than 50 MB. The required space will be available again as soon as splitting is finished. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 43: Changing A Volume Label

    The volume label is a short name that you can assign to a volume to better differentiate it from other volumes. In Acronis Disk Director, the volume label is shown in the list of volumes and is followed by the drive letter (if present)—for example: System (C:) Unlike the volume’s drive letter—which may be different in different Windows operating systems...

  • Page 44: Changing A Drive Letter

    Not formatted, or Linux swap. If an Acronis backup product, such as Acronis True Image Home, is installed on your machine, you may have a volume known as Acronis Secure Zone (ASZ). The volume label of this volume cannot be changed.

  • Page 45: Converting A Logical Volume To Primary

    For example, NTFS volumes have a partition type of 07h. By changing the partition type, you can “hide” the volume from the operating system. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 46: Setting A Volume Active

    To add a mirror to a volume 1. Right-click the basic or simple volume to which you want to add a mirror, and then click Add mirror. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 47: Removing A Mirror

    The results of the pending operation are immediately displayed as if the operation had been performed. To perform the pending operation you will have to commit it (p. 24). Exiting the program without committing the pending operations will effectively cancel them. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 48: Breaking A Mirrored Volume

    It can be especially useful in cases when a volume cannot be seen by Windows Explorer—for example, a volume with Linux file systems, or when running Acronis Disk Director from bootable media where there are no tools to view what is exactly stored on a volume.

  • Page 49: Defragmenting A Volume

    Hard disk volumes should be checked before configuring any operation on them—see Precautions (p. 21). Acronis Disk Director does not perform the checking itself, rather it launches the Check Disk tool (Chkdsk.exe) included in Windows operating system. To check a volume 1.

  • Page 50: Changing A File System

    NTFS file system. For example, these programs may incorrectly calculate the total and available space on such volumes. Acronis Disk Director displays warning messages, when you select such cluster sizes. 3. Click OK to add the pending cluster size changing operation.

  • Page 51: Hiding A Volume

    A single member failure will not result in data loss, but reduces overall performance of a RAID-5 volume. Repairing a RAID-5 volume restores its performance by reconstructing the data of the failed member on another disk. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 52: Specifying I-Node Density

    “file system check” operation will be performed slower. 3. Click OK to add the pending i-node density changing operation. The results of the pending operation are immediately displayed as if the operation had been performed. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 53 To perform the pending operation you will have to commit it (p. 24). Exiting the program without committing the pending operations will effectively cancel them. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 54: Disk Operations

    Creating a volume (p. 35), or to extend the existing volumes to the disk—see Resizing a volume (p. 37). If you decide to change the disk settings it can be done later using Acronis Disk Director 11. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 55: Basic Disk Cloning

    If you want to have an exact copy of one disk on another disk. Important: If you use an Acronis backup product, such as Acronis True Image Home, avoid cloning a disk that contains the Acronis Startup Recovery Manager (ASRM) component of that product. Otherwise, the machine might not be able to boot from the target disk.

  • Page 56: Disk Conversion: Mbr To Gpt

    Converting a logical volume to primary (p. 45). Important: The basic MBR disk that contains the boot volume with the currently running operating system cannot be converted to GPT. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 57: Disk Conversion: Gpt To Mbr

    2 TB), you will be warned here about such implications. 2. Click OK to add the pending GPT to MBR disk conversion operation. The results of the pending operation are immediately displayed as if the operation had been performed. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 58: Disk Conversion: Basic To Dynamic

    This operation is available only for a dynamic disk that is empty or contains only one or more simple volumes, with each simple volume occupying a single region on the disk. These volumes will become basic volumes. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 59: Changing A Disk Status: Online To Offline

    To make a disk offline 1. Right click the online disk, and then click Change status to offline. 2. In the appearing window, click OK to confirm the operation. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 60: Changing A Disk Status: Offline To Online

    1. Right-click one of the foreign disks, and then click Import foreign disks. The appearing window lists all foreign dynamic disks that were added to the machine, and displays information about volumes that will be imported. Volume statuses lets you detect Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 61: Removing A Missing Disk

    54) it once again. To clean up a disk 1. Right-click the disk you need to clean up, and then click Clean up disk. 2. Click OK to add the pending disk clean up operation. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 62 Note: If you accidentally cleared an MBR disk with important data, it is still possible to recover the volumes on this disk by using Acronis Recovery Expert (p. 70). But do not forget to initialize the disk and set MBR partitioning scheme first.

  • Page 63: Tools

     to use Acronis Disk Director on a non-Windows systems, like Linux  if you do not often use Acronis Disk Director and therefore do not want to install it on the machine  to access the data that has survived in a corrupted system ...

  • Page 64: How To Create Bootable Media

    3. The wizard will guide you through the necessary operations. Please refer to Linux-based bootable media (p. 65) for details. PE-based bootable media Acronis Plug-in for WinPE can be added to WinPE distributions based on any of the following kernels:  Windows Vista (PE 2.0) ...
  • Page 65 When using the media builder, you have to specify: [optional] The parameters of the Linux kernel. Separate multiple parameters with spaces. For example, to be able to select a display mode for the bootable Acronis Disk Director each time the media starts, type: vga=ask For a list of parameters, see Kernel parameters (p.

  • Page 66: Kernel Parameters

    USB drives in the USB 1.1 mode if they do not work in the USB 2.0 mode. nodma Disables direct memory access (DMA) for all IDE hard disk drives. Prevents the kernel from freezing on some hardware. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 67 Bootable Media Builder provides three methods of integrating Acronis Disk Director with WinPE 2.x or 3.0:  Adding the Acronis Plug-in to the existing PE ISO. This comes in handy when you have to add the plug-in to the previously configured PE ISO that is already in use. ...

  • Page 68: Working Under Bootable Media

    You will have to repeat this procedure for each driver you want to be included in the resulting WinPE boot media. 5. Choose whether you want to create an ISO or WIM image or upload the media on Acronis PXE Server.

  • Page 69: Setting Up A Display Mode

    Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 70: Acronis Recovery Expert

    Acronis Recovery Expert Acronis Recovery Expert is an easy-to use tool that lets you recover volumes on a basic MBR disk that were accidentally deleted or damaged due a hardware or software failure. In case your volumes are damaged and the machine fails to boot—for example, after a power outage or a system error—use the bootable version of Acronis Disk Director and run Acronis Recovery...

  • Page 71: Acronis Disk Editor

    6. Click Proceed to start recovering the volumes. Acronis Disk Editor Acronis Disk Editor is a professional tool that performs a variety of actions on a hard disk: with it, you can restore boot records, repair files and folder structure, find lost clusters, remove computer virus code from a disk and much more.

  • Page 72: Starting Work With Acronis Disk Editor

    Starting work with Acronis Disk Editor To start Acronis Disk Editor 1. Connect the console to the machine where Acronis Disk Director Agent is installed. 2. In the disk management area, right-click a disk or volume, and then click Edit. This will start Acronis Disk Editor, providing access to its operations.

  • Page 73: Editing Disks

    To save a disk sector block to a file 1. Select the block that you need to save, and then click Write to file. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 74: View

    8.3.4 View Information about disks and volumes in the Acronis Disk Editor window can be viewed and edited in several different modes. You can select the appropriate view mode with the help of the View menu. The editor offers seven view modes: ...

  • Page 75: Usage Examples

    The following describes how you can save the MBR code copy and restore it in case failure. Step 1. Saving MBR 1. In Acronis Disk Director right-click the disk whose MBR code you need to save, and then click Edit.
  • Page 76 MBR or has a different loader. To copy the MBR to another disk 1. In Acronis Disk Director, right-click the source disk whose MBR code you need to copy, and then click Edit. 2. In Acronis Disk Editor, press the F2 key to switch to the Hex view mode.
  • Page 77 Windows tools do not guarantee data destruction. Deleted files can be restored easily. Formatting and even deleting a partition leaves hard disk sector contents the same. Acronis Disk Editor can be used as a simple and reliable tool for complete wiping hard disk data. To wipe disk data 1.
  • Page 78 2. In Acronis Disk Director, right-click the formatted volume G: that stored the file you need to restore, and then click Edit. 3. In Acronis Disk Editor, press the F2 key to switch to the Hex view mode. Then, select the Western (Windows) encoding on the toolbar.

  • Page 79: Working In The Command-Line Mode

    Working in the command-line mode Acronis Disk Director supports the command-line mode for the most important disk and volume operations with ADDCommandLine.exe utility. This utility is launched locally, i.e. on the machine where the Disk Director is installed. In this section Supported commands ................
  • Page 80 Specifies the ID of the operating system layout under which the operation will be executed. If not specified, the operation is executed under the currently running operating system. /volume:<id> Specifies the volume ID. initialize Initializes not initialized disks. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 81: Usage Examples

    \ADDCommandLine.exe initialize /os:1 /disks:5 /ps:MBR /type: Basic This will initialize the fifth disk as a basic disk with MBR partitioning scheme. Delete a volume \ADDCommandLine.exe delete /os:1 /volume:6 This will delete the sixth volume under the currently running operating system. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 82: Glossary

    A basic disk can store one or more volumes (p. 93), which are called basic volumes. A basic disk can be converted to a dynamic disk. Basic volume A volume on a basic disk (p. 82). A basic volume can be primary (p. 91) and logical (p. 88). Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 83: Bootable Media

    Acronis Disk Director or Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) with the Acronis Plug-in for WinPE. A machine can also be booted into the above environments using the network boot from Acronis PXE Server or Microsoft Remote Installation Service (RIS). These servers with uploaded bootable components can also be thought of as a kind of bootable media.

  • Page 84: Disk Group

    The next created or imported disks are added to the same disk group. The group exists as long as at least one of its members exists. Once the last dynamic disk is disconnected or converted to basic, the Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 85: Dynamic Disk

    On an MBR disk, this database occupies the last 1 MB of the disk. On a GPT disk, Windows creates the dedicated LDM Metadata partition, taking space from the Microsoft Reserved Partition (MSR.) Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 86: Fault Tolerance

    Examples of fault-tolerant volumes include mirrored (p. 90) and RAID-5 (p. 91) volumes. File A set of data, such as a text document, that is stored under an identifying name—for example: Document.txt Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 87: File System

    As a result of adding, deleting, and changing files, many files can occupy space on the volume in multiple non-contiguous pieces. This requires more time to access such files. The defragmentation (p. 84) process aims at improving access times by making fragmented files contiguous. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 88: Hard Disk

    Initialization involves assigning a partitioning scheme (p. 90) (MBR or GPT) and a type (basic or dynamic) to the disk. Initialization is usually performed when you add a new hard disk drive to the machine. Logical drive See Logical volume (p. 88). Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 89: Media Builder

    Each of the two portions of disk space that make up a mirrored volume (p. 90). Each mirror occupies a separate hard disk. Both mirrors are identical in size and content, which ensures fault tolerance in case a hard disk with one of the mirrors fails. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 90 The process of creating a logical structure on a hard disk (p. 88). Partitioning usually involves creating one or more volumes (p. 93) on the disk. Acronis Disk Director is an example of a program that can perform partitioning. Partitioning scheme The method of organizing volumes on a disk.
  • Page 91 \Windows\System32\Vmm32.vxd. In this example, the Windows folder is a subfolder of the root folder, the System32 folder is a subfolder of the Windows folder, and the Vmm32.vxd file is located in the System32 folder. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 92 A striped volume is also known as a RAID-0 volume. Swap file A file (p. 86) that is used by an operating system to store data that does not fit in the physical memory of the machine. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

  • Page 93: System Volume

    Not to be confused with free space (p. 87) on a volume. Volume An independent area of storage on a hard disk (p. 88). Typically, a volume contains a file system (p. 87), which is used to store files and folders. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...
  • Page 94 Striped volume (p. 92): Occupies two or more disks in equally-sized portions. Can provide faster data access.  Mirrored volume (p. 90): Occupies two disks in two identical portions (mirrors). Fault- tolerant.  RAID-5 volume (p. 91): Occupies three or more disks in equally-sized portions. Fault-tolerant. Copyright © Acronis, Inc., 2000-2010...

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