Aeroflex 2399C Operating Manual
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Aeroflex 2399C Operating Manual

Aeroflex 2399C Operating Manual

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SPECTRUM ANALYZER
2399C
Operating Manual
Document part no. 46892/690
www.valuetronics.com

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  • Page 1 Contents SPECTRUM ANALYZER 2399C Operating Manual Document part no. 46892/690 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 2: Spectrum Analyzer

    Aeroflex International Ltd. (hereafter referred to throughout the document as ‘Aeroflex’). Manual part no. 46892/690 (PDF version)
  • Page 3 www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 4 Read this manual before using the equipment. Keep this manual with the equipment www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 5: Safety Symbols

    Safety Symbols Where these symbols or indications appear on the equipment or in this manual, they have the following meanings. Risk of hazard which cause injury to human body or danger to WARNING life, If a WARNING appears on the equipment, and in this manual, do not proceed until its suitable conditions are understood and met Risk of hazard that caused fire or serious damage to the...
  • Page 6 For Symbols WARNING 1. ALWA㎳S refer to the operation manual when working near locations at which the alert mark shown on the left is attached. If the operation, etc., is performed without heeding the advice in the operation manual, there is a risk of personal injury. In addition, the equipment performance may be reduced.
  • Page 7 For Symbols CAUTION 1. Before changing the fuses, ALWA㎳S remove the power cord from Changing Fuse the power-outlet and replace the blown fuses. ALWA㎳S use new fuses of the type and rating specified on the fuse marking on the CAUTION rear panel cabinet.
  • Page 8 www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 9 4. A Primary Lithium Battery supplies the power for CMOS backup. This battery should only be replaced by a battery of the same type ; since Aeroflex can only make replacement, contact the nearest Aeroflex representative when replacement is required.
  • Page 10 For Symbols CAUTION Product Damage Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures : If you suspect there is Precaution damage to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel. Do Not Attempt To Operate If Protection May Be Impaired : If the equipment appears damaged or operated abnormally, protection may be impaired.

  • Page 11: General Conditions Of Use

    Precautions These terms have specific meanings in this manual: WARNING information to prevent personal injury. information to prevent damage to the equipment. important general information. Symbols The meaning of hazard symbols appearing on the equipment and in the documentation is as follows: Symbol Description...

  • Page 12: Fire Hazard

    This product is not approved for use in hazardous atmospheres or medical applications. If the equipment is to be used in a safety-related application, e.g. avionics or military applications, the suitability of the product must be assessed and approved for use by a competent person. WARNING Electrical hazards (AC supply voltage) This equipment conforms with IEC Safety Class I, meaning that it is provided with a...

  • Page 13: Toxic Hazards

    WARNING Toxic hazards Some of the components used in this equipment may include resins and other materials which give off toxic fumes if incinerated. Take appropriate precautions, therefore, in the disposal of these items. WARNING Beryllium copper Some mechanical components within this instrument are manufactured from beryllium copper. This is an alloy with a beryllium content of approximately 5%.

  • Page 14: Static Sensitive Components

    This equipment has been designed and manufactured by Aeroflex to perform measurements on RF and microwave components and systems. If the equipment is not used in a manner specified by Aeroflex, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
  • Page 15 Précautions Les termes suivants ont, dans ce manuel, des significations particulières: contient des informations pour éviter toute blessure au personnel. WARNING contient des informations pour éviter les dommages aux équipements. contient d’importantes informations d’ordre général. Symboles signalant un risque La signification des symboles de danger apparaissant sur l'équipement et dans la documentation est la suivante: Symbole Nature du risque...
  • Page 16 Ce produit n’est pas garanti pour fonctionner dans des atmosphères dangereuses ou pour un usage médical. Si l'équipement doit être utilisé pour des applications en relation avec la sécurité, par exemple des applications militaires ou aéronautiques, la compatibilité du produit doit être établie et approuvée par une personne compétente.
  • Page 17 Utilisation Cet équipement a été conçu et fabriqué par Aeroflex pour effectuer des mesures sur des composants et des systèmes RF et hyperfréquences La protection de l'équipement peut être altérée s'il n'est pas utilisé dans les conditions spécifiées par Aeroflex.
  • Page 18 Vorsichtsmaßnahmen Diese Hinweise haben eine bestimmte Bedeutung in diesem Handbuch: WARNING dienen zur Vermeidung von Verletzungsrisiken. dienen dem Schutz der Geräte. enthalten wichtige Informationen. Gefahrensymbole Die Bedeutung der Gefahrensymbole auf den Geräten und in der Dokumentation ist wie folgt: Symbol Gefahrenart Beziehen Sie sich auf die Bedienungsanleitung wenn das Messgerät mit diesem Symbol markiert ist.
  • Page 19 Dieses Produkt ist nicht für den Einsatz in gefährlicher Umgebung (z.B. Ex-Bereich) und für medizinische Anwendungen geprüft. Sollte das Gerät für den Einsatz in sicherheitsrelevanten Anwendungen wie z.B. im Flugverkehr oder bei militaerischen Anwendungen vorgesehen sein, so ist dieser von einer für diesen Bereich zuständigen Person zu beurteilen und genehmigen.
  • Page 20 WARNING Warnung vor giftigen Substanzen In einigen Bauelementen dieses Geräts können Epoxyharze oder andere Materialien enthalten sein, die im Brandfall giftige Gase erzeugen. Bei der Entsorgung müssen deshalb entsprechende Vorsichtsmaßnahmen getroffen werden. WARNING Beryllium Kupfer In diesem Gerät sind einige mechanische Komponenten aus Berylium Kupfer gefertigt. Dies ist eine Verbindung welche aus einem Berylliumanteil von ca.
  • Page 21 Dieses Gerät wurde von Aeroflex entwickelt und hergestellt um Messungen an HF- und Mikrowellenkomponenten und -Systemen durchzuführen Sollte das Gerät nicht auf die von Aeroflex vorgesehene Art und Weise verwendet werden, kann die Schutzfunktion des Gerätes beeinträchtigt werden. Aeroflex hat keinen Einfluß auf die Art der Verwendung und übernimmt keinerlei Verantwortung bei unsachgemässer Handhabung.

  • Page 22: Simboli Di Pericolo

    Precauzioni Questi termini vengono utilizzati in questo manuale con significati specifici: WARNING riportano informazioni atte ad evitare possibili pericoli alla persona. riportano informazioni per evitare possibili pericoli all'apparecchiatura. riportano importanti informazioni di carattere generale. Simboli di pericolo Il significato del simbolo di pericolo riportato sugli strumenti e nella documentazione è il seguente: Simbolo Tipo di pericolo...

  • Page 23: Pericolo D'incendio

    Questo prodotto non è stato approvato per essere usato in ambienti pericolosi o applicazioni medicali. Se lo strumento deve essere usato per applicazioni particolari collegate alla sicurezza (per esempio applicazioni militari o avioniche), occorre che una persona o un istituto competente ne certifichi l'uso.
  • Page 24 WARNING Pericolo sostanze tossiche Alcuni dei componenti usati in questo strumento possono contenere resine o altri materiali che, se bruciati, possono emettere fumi tossici. Prendere quindi le opportune precauzioni nell’uso di tali parti. WARNING Rame berillio Alcuni componenti meccanici in questo strumento sono realizzati in rame berillio. Si tratta di una lega con contenuto di berillio di circa il 5%, che non presenta alcun rischio in usi normali.
  • Page 25 Questo strumento è stato progettato e prodotto da Aeroflex eseguire misure su componenti o sistemi RF e microonde Se lo strumento non è utilizzato nel modo specificato da Aeroflex, le protezioni previste sullo strumento potrebbero risultare inefficaci. Aeroflex non può avere il controllo sull’uso di questo strumento e non può essere ritenuta responsabile per eventi risultanti da un uso diverso dallo scopo prefisso.

  • Page 26: Símbolos De Peligro

    Precauciones Estos términos tienen significados específicos en este manual: WARNING contienen información referente a prevención de daños personales. contienen información referente a prevención de daños en equipos. contienen información general importante. Símbolos de peligro El significado de los símbolos de peligro en el equipo y en la documentación es el siguiente: Símbolo Naturaleza del peligro Vea el manual de funcionamiento cuando este símbolo...

  • Page 27: Peligro De Incendio

    Este producto no ha sido aprobado para su utilización en entornos peligrosos o en aplicaciones médicas. Si se va a utilizar el equipo en una aplicación con implicaciones en cuanto a seguridad, como por ejemplo aplicaciones de aviónica o militares, es preciso que un experto competente en materia de seguridad apruebe su uso.
  • Page 28 WARNING Aviso de toxicidad Alguno de los componentes utilizados en este equipo pudieran incluir resinas u otro tipo de materiales que al arder produjeran sustancias tóxicas, Por tanto, tome las debidas precauciones en la manipulación de esas piezas. WARNING Berilio-cobre Algunos componentes mecánicos contenidos en este instrumento incorporan berilio-cobre en su proceso de fabricación.
  • Page 29 Si el equipo fuese utilizado de forma diferente a la especificada por Aeroflex, la protección ofrecida por el equipo pudiera quedar reducida. Aeroflex no tiene control sobre el uso de este equipo y no puede, por tanto, exigirsele responsabilidades derivadas de una utilización distinta de aquellas para las que ha sido diseñado.
  • Page 30 Aeroflex Warranty Aeroflex will repair this equipment fee of charge if a malfunction occurs within 2 year after shipment due to a manufacturing fault, provided that warranty is rendered void under any or all of the following conditions. The fault is outside the scope of the warranty conditions described in the operation manual.

  • Page 31: Front Panel Power Switch

    Front Panel Power Switch If the equipment is in the standby state, the front power switch of this equipment turns on the power when it is pressed. If the switch is pressed continuously for about 1 second in the power off state, the equipment enters the standby state to prevent malfunction caused by accidental touching.

  • Page 32: Detection Mode

    DETECTION MODE This equipment is a spectrum analyzer, which uses a digital storage system. The spectrum analyzer makes level measurements in frequency steps obtained by dividing the frequency span by the number of measurement data points (500). Because of this operation it is desired to use the following detector modes associated with the appropriate measurements.

  • Page 33: About This Manual

    ABOUT THIS MANUAL Composition of 23㎓㎓C Manuals The 23㎓㎓C Spectrum Analyzer manuals of the standard type are composed of the following three parts. Operation Vol.1 (Options) Measurement Guide Composition Manuals Programming Vol.2 Operation Manual : Provides information on the 23㎓㎓C outline. Preparation before use, panel description, Operation procedure, soft-key menu and performance tests.
  • Page 34 COMPOSITION OF OPERATION MANUAL This Manual is composed of ㎑ sections. The profile of each section is shown below. Section Composition Explanation SECTION 1 Product outline, options, applicable parts, peripheral GENERAL devices, and specifications SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS Operations to be accomplished before applying power BEFORE USE SECTION 3 PANEL...

  • Page 35: Section 1 General

    SECTION 1 GENERAL SECTION 1 GENERAL This section outlines the 23㎓㎓C (henceforth called “Equipment”) and explains the composition of this manual, the configuration of the equipment with the options, the optional accessories, peripherals for expanding the equipment capabilities, and the equipment specifications.
  • Page 36 SECTION 1 GENERAL <BLANK> www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 37: Product Outline

    SECTION 1 GENERAL SECTION 1 GENERAL PRODUCT OUTLINE The equipment is a portable type spectrum analyzer suited for signal analysis of radio equipment where the efficiency of frequency usage is increased and equipment is increasingly speeded and digitized. The equipment adopts the synthesizer local system and can cover all frequencies from kHz to 3.0 GHz excellent in basic performance such as distortion, frequency/level accuracy, and easy operation, by following the display of the soft-key menu screen.

  • Page 38: Equipment Configuration

    SECTION 1 GENERAL EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION This paragraph describes the configuration of the equipment with the various options to expand the functions. Options The table below shows the options for the equipment which are sold separately. Model No. Name Remarks High Stability Option 03 Stability : ±0.2ppm...

  • Page 39: Specifications

    SECTION 1 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS NOTE : A fifteen minute warm up time shall apply. 1.0 FREQUENCY 1.1 Frequency range to 3.0 1 ㎐ Minimum 1.2 Tuning Resolution 100 ㎐/div to 300 ㎒/div 1.3 Frequency Span Width In 1, 2, 5 step selections (auto selected) plus ZERO Span, and FULL Span (9 to 3.0 ).
  • Page 40 SECTION 1 GENERAL 1.6.3 Sensitivity -70dBm (50 to 3.0 1.7 Stability 100 ㎐ in 200 ㎳, 1 1.7.1 Residual FM RBW, 1 1.7.2 Noise Sidebands -90dBc/㎐ 10 offset 2.0 AMPLITUDE 2.1 Measurement Range +30 dBm to average noise level. 2.2 Average Displayed Noise Level : -105 dBm, 50 to 100 -110 dBm, 100...
  • Page 41 SECTION 1 GENERAL 2.6 Display Linearity ±0.15 dB/dB, ±1.5 dB over 10 divisions 2.6.1 5 or 10dB/div ±0.5 dB over 10 divisions 2.6.2 1 or 2 dB/div ±10 % of Reference Level over 10 divisions 2.6.3 Linear -3.0 ∼ +1 dB, 9 to 10 ㎒...
  • Page 42 SECTION 1 GENERAL -65 dBc, 〈700 ㎒, -30dBm input, 0 dB att. 2.12 3 order Intermodulation Distortion 700 ㎒, -30dBm input, 0 dB att. -70 dBc, -60 dBc, 10 ㎒ to 3.0 2.13 Other Input Related Spurious , -30 dBm input 2.14 Resolution Bandwidth 300 ㎐, 1 2.14.1 Selections...
  • Page 43 SECTION 1 GENERAL 3.2 Trigger 3.2.1 Source External(rear), Line, Video, Free Run 3.2.2 Mode Single, Continuous 3.2.3 Coupling 3.2.4 Ext Rear Level TTL Level ±one sweep time (Zero Span) (25 3.2.5 Delay to 15 sec Range) 4.0 DISPLAY 4.1 Type 6.4”...
  • Page 44 SECTION 1 GENERAL 6.1 RF Input 6.1.1 Connector Type N Female, 50 ohm nominal ＜ 1.5:1, 150 6.1.2 VSWR to 3.0 (with 10 dB Input attenuation) ±50 VDC, +30 dBm (with 40 dB Input attenuation) 6.1.3 Max. Input Level LO Emission -70 dBm (with 10 dB attenuation) 7.0 OUTPUTS 10.7 ㎒, Nominal...

  • Page 45: General Characteristics

    SECTION 1 GENERAL 11.0 RS-232C INTERFACE 11.1 TYPE Full Duplex 11.2 Baud Rate 110bps, 300 bps, 1200bps, 2400bps, 4800bps, 9600bps, 19.2kbps, 38.4kbps, 57.6kbps, 115.2kbps 11.3 Parity Check Odd, Even or None 11.4 Data Length 7 bits, 8 bits 11.5 Stop Bit 1 bit, 2 bits 11.6 Protocol XON_XOFF, RTS_CTS, DTR_DSR, NONE...
  • Page 46 SECTION 1 GENERAL 14.6 Environmental Range Meets MIL-T-28800E for Type 2, Class 5 14.6.1 Temperature 0 to 40℃ (operating) -20 to 70℃ (storage) 14.6.2 Humidity 85% operating, 90% storage (Non Condensing) 14.6.3 Vibration Meets MIL-T-28800E for Type 2, Class 5 14.6.4 Altitude Operation up to 3,000 meters Non-operational up to 40,000 feet(12,192m)

  • Page 47: Section 2 Preparations Before Use

    SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE This section explains the preparations and safety procedures that should be performed before using the equipment. The safety procedures are to prevent the risk of injury to the operator and damage to the equipment. Ensure that you understand the contents of the pre-operation preparations before using the equipment.
  • Page 48 SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE <BLANK> www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 49: Installation Site And Environmental Conditions

    SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE INSTALLATION SITE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Locations to Be Avoided The equipment operates normally at temperatures from 0 to 40℃. However, for best performance, the following situations should be avoided. Where there is severe vibration. Where the humidity is high.
  • Page 50 SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE SAFET㎳ MEASURES This paragraph explains the safety procedures, which should be followed under all circumstances to prevent the risk of an accidental electric shock, damage to the equipment or a major operation interruption. Power On WARNING Before Power on The equipment must be connected to protective ground.
  • Page 51 SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE Input Level to RF Input Frequency range : 1 kHz to 3.0 GHz Measurement level : The maximum signal level that can be applied to the RF input connector is +30 dBm. WARNING The RF Input circuit is not protected against excessive power. If a signal exceeding +30 dBm is applied, the input attenuator and internal circuit will be damaged.

  • Page 52: Preparations Before Power On

    SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE PREPARATIONS BEFORE POWER ON The equipment operates normally when it is connected to an 100 VAC to 240 VAC (automatic voltage selected automatically) 50/㎐0 ㎐ AC power supply. To prevent the following, take the necessary procedures described on the following pages before power is supplied. Accidental electric shock.
  • Page 53 SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE Protective Grounding Grounding with frame ground (FG) terminal When there is no grounded AC power-supply outlet, the protective frame ground (FG) terminal on the rear panel must be connected directly to ground potential. WARNING If power is applied without protective grounding, there is a risk of accidental electric shock.
  • Page 54 SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE Replacing Fuse WARNING If the fuses are replaced while power is supplied, there is a serious risk of electric shock. Before replacing the fuses, set the power switch to OFF and remove the power cord from the power outlet. If power is supplied without protective grounding, there is a risk of accidental electric shock.
  • Page 55 SECTION 2 PREPARATIONS BEFORE USE The fuses are inserted in the fuse holder and must be replaced if they blow. If the fuses must be replaced, locate and remedy the cause before replacing the blown fuses. The equipment, with standard accessories, has two spare T3.15A fuses. After performing the safety procedures described on the preceding page, replace the fuses according to the following procedure.

  • Page 56: Section 3 Panel Description

    SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION In this section the front and rear panels are described. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF FRONT AND REAR RANEL FEATURES -------------------- TABLE OF I/O CONNECTORS ---------------------------------------- 3-㎒ GPIB CONNECTOR ---------------------------------------------------- 3-㎓ RS-232C CONNECTOR ------------------------------------------------ 3-10 PRINTER CONNECTOR ------------------------------------------------ 3-11...
  • Page 57 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION <BLANK> www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 58 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION In this section, the front and rear panels are described. - Fig. 3-1 Front panel - Fig. 3-2 Rear panel This manual express the key on the front panel, call it a hard key, as boxed letter. And the key of menu(F1 ~ F㎑), call it a soft key, is expressed as italic.
  • Page 59 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION Panel Marking Explanation of Function CONTROL TRIG This sets the trigger functions. This set the RBW, VBW, sweep time. DISP This key sets the display functions. TRACE This section is for selection the trace waveform, detection mode and video average mode.
  • Page 60 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION STB㎳/ON This is the power switch. It can be used when the back panel 1㎐ power switch is on. The power on condition is fetched from the STB㎳ condition when the key is pressed momentary. The equipment is returned to the STB㎳...
  • Page 61 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION Fig 3-1. Front Panel 3-㎐ www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 62 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION Fig 3-2. Rear Panel 3-㎑ www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 63 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION TABLE OF I/O CONNECTORS CONNECTOR TYPE IN/OUT SIGNAL LOCATION AC INPUT IEC 320 Socket Input AC Power Rear RF INPUT Type N Female Input ∼ 3.0 Front RF OUT Type N Female Output ∼ 3.0 Front (Option) E㎲T TRIG BNC Female...

  • Page 64: Gpib Connector

    SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION GPIB CONNECTOR The IEEE-4㎒㎒ GPIB Connector complies with ANSI/IEEE Standard 4㎒㎒.2-1㎓㎒㎑. PIN NUMBER SIGNAL PIN NUMBER SIGNAL DIO 1 DIO 5 DIO 2 DIO ㎐ DIO 3 DIO ㎑ DIO 4 1㎐ DIO ㎒ 1㎑ ㎐ 1㎒...
  • Page 65 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION RS-232C CONNECTOR PIN NUMBER SIGNAL R㎲D T㎲D Ground ㎐ ㎑ ㎒ ㎓ RI (NC) Table 3. Pin-Out for RS-232C Connector Figure 4. RS-232C Connector 3-10 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 66: Printer Connector

    SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION PRINTER CONNECTOR PIN NUMBER SIGNAL ㎐ ㎑ ㎒ PD㎐ ㎓ PD㎑ BUS㎳ SLCT ERROR 1㎐ INIT 1㎑ SLIN 1㎒ Ground 1㎓ Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Table 4. Pin-Out for PRINTER Connector Figure 5. PRINTER Connector 3-11 www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 67 SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION E㎲T VGA CONNECTOR PIN NUMBER SIGNAL GREEN BLUE ㎐ RGND ㎑ GGND ㎒ BGND ㎓ KE㎳ SGND ID1 or SDA HS㎳NC or CS㎳NC VS㎳NC ID3 or SCL Table 5. Pin-Out for E㎲T VGA Connector Figure ㎐. E㎲T VGA Connector 3-12 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 68: Probe Power Connector

    SECTION 3 PANEL DESCRIPTION PROBE POWER CONNECTOR PIN NUMBER Voltage Current +15 V±10 % 200 ㎃ -12 V±10 % 100 ㎃ Table ㎐. Pin-Out for PROBE POWER Connector Figure ㎑. PROBE POWER Connector 3-13 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 69: Section 4 Menu Tree

    SECTION 4 MENU TREE SECTION 4 MENU TREE TABLE OF CONTENTS MENU TREE ---------------------------------------------------------- FREQ, SPAN, AMPL ------------------------------------------------ MEAS -------------------------------------------------------------- MKR, FC ------------------------------------------------------------ 4-㎐ MKR＞, PEAK ------------------------------------------------------- 4-㎑ TRIG, CPL ---------------------------------------------------------- 4-㎒ DISP -------------------------------------------------------------- 4-㎓ TRACE ------------------------------------------------------------- 4-10 FILE ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4-11 LIMIT, S㎳STEM ----------------------------------------------------- 4-12...
  • Page 70 SECTION 4 MENU TREE <BLANK> www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 71 SECTION 4 MENU TREE SECTION 4 MENU TREE In this section, soft menu functions and its system hierarchy are described using a menu tree. Contents to noted about the tree are shown below (1) Panel key indicates a hard key on the panel. (2) SOFT MENU 1 keys are displayed on the screen when the panel key is pressed.
  • Page 72 SECTION 4 MENU TREE MENU TREE Center 10 ㎒ Ref. [E㎲T / INT] FREQ Start Auto Tune Stop CF Step CF Step [AUTO / MNL] Freq. Offset [OFF / ON] Cal. Signal [OFF / ON] More.. Prev.. 10dB/DIV WidthSpan SPAN 5dB/DIV Full Span 2dB/DIV...
  • Page 73 SECTION 4 MENU TREE value ㎲ dB Down.. ㎲[dB] Point [ Adjacent CH Power.. Start Channel Power.. Stop Occupied BandWidth.. Harmonic Distortion.. Clear Measurement More.. Prev.. value Continuous [OFF / ON] MainChBW [ value * QP Quasi-Peak Measure.. * AdjChBW [ option value ChSpacing [...
  • Page 74 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Panel Key Soft Menu 1 Soft Menu 2 Sel. Marker [ Normal Delta MKR Trace [A / B] Edit Mkr Name.. * * Marker Edit option More.. type ReadOut.. [ Frequency mode Function.. [ Period MKR Table [OFF / ON] Time Mkr All OFF Inverse Time...
  • Page 75 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Mkr＞CF dMkr＞Span ＞ Mkr＞CFstep dMkr＞CFstep Mkr＞Start Mkr＞ZoomIN Mkr＞Stop Mkr＞ZoomOUT Mkr＞Ref Undo Undo More.. Prev.. Next Peak NPeakLeft NPeakRight MinSearch Pk-Pk Search Mkr Track [OFF / ON] More.. value Search Param.. Excur. [dB] [ value Continuous [OFF / ON] Thresh.
  • Page 76 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Continuous Free Run value Single Video [ Source.. Line Trig Delay Trig Delay External Time Gate [OFF / ON] Time Gate Set.. Trig Edge [Fall/Rise] Prev.. value Line [ Field [ O DD / EVEN ] type Standard [ Prev..
  • Page 77 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Value Disp. Line [ Sel. Char Disp. Line [OFF / ON] Back Space Thresh. Line [ Value ] Delete Thresh. Line [OFF / ON] Clear Screen Title.. Insert Sw [Insert/Ovrwt] Enter.. More.. Undo.. Graticule [OFF / ON] Annotation [OFF / ON] White Mode [OFF / ON] Prev..
  • Page 78 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Clr & Wrt [B / A] Average [OFF / ON] value Max Hold [B / A] Count [ Min Hold [B / A] Cycle [OFF / ON] View [B / A] Stop Blank [B / A] Continuous Select [B / A] Reset...
  • Page 79 SECTION 4 MENU TREE 4-11 www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 80 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Pa l UpPassChk [OFF / ON] Select [LOW / UP] LowPassChk [OFF / ON] Mark Dot Make Limit .. Axis [㎲ / ㎳] Alarm [OFF / ON] Undo Clear Limit Clear End.. *1 Refer t o Each opt ional SA Mode..
  • Page 81 SECTION 4 MENU TREE Panel Key Soft Menu 1 Soft Menu 2 Preset All Align PRESET Last State Yig Align Span Align Alignment Mode.. Level Align Power On [Preset / Last] CalSig[20M] Log Align Auto Align [OFF / ON] RBW Align Prev..

  • Page 82: Table Of Contents

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES TABLE OF CONTENTS SCREEN LA㎳OUT --------------------------------------------------- ANNOTATION WINDOW --------------------------------------------- 5-㎐ FREQ/SPAN FUNCTIONS ---------------------------------------------- 5-㎑ Center–Span Mode Frequency Data Entry ------------------------ 5-㎑ Start-Stop Mode Frequency Data Entry -------------------------- 5-㎒ Setting Center Frequency Step ---------------------------------- 5-㎓...
  • Page 83 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Delta Marker ---------------------------------------------------- 5-23 Marker Off by Reverse Step ------------------------------------ 5-24 Setting the MKR Trace ------------------------------------------ 5-24 Setting the Marker Readout Mode ------------------------------- 5-25 Setting the Marker Function ------------------------------------- 5-2㎐ Setting the Marker Table ---------------------------------------- 5-2㎐ Off All Marker --------------------------------------------------- 5-2㎑...
  • Page 84 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Threshold Line -------------------------------------------------- 5-44 Screen Title ----------------------------------------------------- 5-44 Graticule --------------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎐ Annotation ------------------------------------------------------ 5-4㎐ White Mode ----------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎐ TRACE FUNCTIONS -------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎑ Select Trace ---------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎑ Clr & Wrt ------------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎑ Max Hold --------------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎑ Min Hold -------------------------------------------------------- 5-4㎒...
  • Page 85 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES <BLANK> www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 86: Screen La㎳Out

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES SCREEN LA㎳OUT Title window : Display Model, Date, Time, User title. Upper parameter : Display Reference level, Scale, Attenuator, Mark parameter. Wave display window : Display current trace A or B wave form. Active window : Display current active menu parameter.

  • Page 87: Annotation Window

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES ANNOTATION WINDOW Trig Trace Offset D etect W A V B Norm : Normal Trig Mode Trace Trace Samp : Sample S: Single : Pos Peak C : C ontinue : Neg Peak Trig Source : Average : F ree R un Trace State R eference level offset ON...

  • Page 88: Freq/Span Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES FREQ/SPAN FUNCTIONS A frequency of the equipment is set in either of two modes. Center – Span Mode. Start – Stop Mode. The lower and upper span limits are 1 kHz and 3.0 GHz respectively. FREQ key is used as the header key for setting the frequency.

  • Page 89: Start-Stop Mode Frequency Data Entry

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES 2) Setting the frequency span To set the frequency span, perform the following key operations : WidthSpan Numeric K ey Step key Scroll knob Span range is 100 ㎐ ~ 3.0 GHz. Changes in a 1, 2, 5 step sequence ; 1k, 2k, 5k, ……, 100k, 200k, 500k, … The step size of scroll knob is 1/500 of the current frequency span.

  • Page 90: Setting Center Frequency Step

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES 2) Setting the stop frequency To set the stop frequency, perform the following key operations : Stop Numeric K ey Step key Scroll knob The step size of step up-down key size is 1/10 of the current frequency span. The step size of scroll knob is 1/500 of the current frequency span.

  • Page 91: Setting Frequency Offset

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES In CF Step MNL (manual) mode, the step size can be set by the DATA ENTR㎳. If CF Step [AUTO/MNL] “AUTO” is selected, the CF Step size will be 1/10 of the current span. Setting Frequency Offset To set frequency offset, perform the following key operations : Freq Offset OFF/ON...

  • Page 92: Setting Zero Span

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting Zero Span This equipment can operate as a selective level meter in which the horizontal axis is changed as a time axis by setting the frequency span to 0 ㎐. The rising and falling edges of signal burst wave can also be observed and measured. Performing any of the following key operations allows the equipment to operate in the zero span mode.

  • Page 93: 10 ㎒ Ref

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES 10 ㎒ Ref. Set the reference clock for this equipment. FREQ More.. 10 ㎒ Ref. [E㎲T / INT] Default setting is INT. 5-12 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 94: Amplitude Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES AMPLITUDE FUNCTIONS AMPL key is used the header key for setting the amplitude. Setting Reference Level Set the reference level (top graticule) by performing the following key operations : Ref Level Numeric K ey Step key Scroll knob The step key size is the 1 division of current scale.

  • Page 95: Setting Amplitude Scale

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting Amplitude Scale In log scale, this equipment provides the four scales : 10dB/DIV, 5dB/DIV, 2dB/DIV, 1dB/DIV. In linear scale, the equipment uses the Full Scale. To select one of the scales, perform the following key operations : Log Detector Mode AMPL Scale...

  • Page 96: Setting Input Attenuation

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting Input Attenuation Perform the following key operation to set the input attenuator level. Atten. [AUTO/MNL] Numeric K ey Step key Scroll knob The Atten. mode [AUTO or MNL] is changed by pressing the Atten key. In Atten MNL (manual) mode, the step size can set by the numeric keys, step keys and scroll knob.

  • Page 97: Setting The Reference Level Offset

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting the Reference Level Offset Set the reference level offset by performing the following key operations : R ef. Offset Numeric K ey The reference level offset size is -21㎑.㎐ dB to 2㎓㎑.㎐ dB. Setting Internal Amp Set the internal amp to operate by performing the following key operations : AMPL More..

  • Page 98: Measurement Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES MEASURMENT FUNCTIONS The equipment provides the following measurement functions : ㎲ dB Down Measurement Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Channel Power Measurement Occupied Bandwidth Measurement Harmonic Distortion Measurement The measurement can be made in single or continuous sweep mode. Using Continuous Clear Measurement [OFF/ON] Softkey.
  • Page 99 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Determine the power in the center and adjacent channels of a signal (designated by three of marker line). Adjacent CH Power.. MainChBW MEAS AdjChBW ChSpacing Meas. Avg. [OFF / ON] Start Stop Prev..
  • Page 100 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Occupied Bandwidth Measurement Locate the occupied bandwidth of the signal being displayed on the screen. The results are shown in the marker display area for the occupied bandwidth (OBW), the occupied band carrier frequency (Fc), and the band center frequency. The equipment has an OBW function that can be calculated from the measurement data displayed on the screen.
  • Page 101 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Harmonic Distortion Measurement Measure the harmonics of a single carrier signal and compute the total harmonic distortion. The carrier must be the strongest peak on the display at the time the measurement is started. The total harmonic distortion is then calculated from the measured harmonics. When measuring the Nth Harmonic the analyzer will choose the narrowest resolution bandwidth allow the measurement to capture all modulation on the harmonics.

  • Page 102: Clear Measurement

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Clear Measurement Stop the current measurement and close measurement. MEAS Clear Measurement.. Continue Measurement Select the measurement mode between continuous and else. Default mode is continuous on. When continuous off, current measurement operate just one by press start menu in each measurement.

  • Page 103: Marker Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES MARKER FUNCTIONS The inner key section is used as the header key for setting the marker functions. key is used as the header key to display markers. The number of settable marker is up to ㎓. Selecting &...

  • Page 104: Normal Marker

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Normal Marker A single marker is indicated by ◇ on the waveform. The frequency and level at that point are displayed digitally. The normal marker is initially set to ON. When the current state is another marker mode, or when the normal marker is set to OFF, perform the following key operations to set the normal marker ON.

  • Page 105: Marker Off By Reverse Step

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Marker Off by Reverse Step The markers are turned off from the screen by the following key operation : The markers are disappeared by reverse step by pressing soft menu “OFF” If you want turn off the specific marker, Normal Sel.

  • Page 106: Setting The Marker Readout Mode

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting the Marker Readout Mode Access the following menu keys that allow you to change the active marker readout. Frequency More.. ReadOut. Period Time Inverse Frequency : Sets the marker readout to Frequency. This is active in non-zero spans. Period : Sets the marker readout to Period.

  • Page 107: Setting The Marker Function

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting the Marker Function Access the following marker function menu by performing process. More.. Function.. MKR Noise Phase Noise Quasi Peak MKR Noise : Reads out the average noise level, referenced to a 1 ㎐ noise power bandwidth.

  • Page 108: Off All Marker

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Off All Marker To delete all markers, perform the following key operations : More.. Mkr All OFF Frequency Counter key is used as the key for measuring precise frequency. Counter Counter : Reads the precise frequency value in current maker position. Set the marker counter resolution with 1 , 100 ㎐, 10 ㎐...

  • Page 109: Setting Parameters Using Marker Values

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES SETTING PARAMETERS USING MARKER VALUES The marker value can be set as the parameter value of the observation frequency, reference level, and so on. This facilitates the observation of the desired waveform. To set parameters using the marker value, the following settings are possible : Mkr＞CF : Set the marker value to the center frequency.

  • Page 110: Mkr＞Cfstep / Dmkr＞Cfstep

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Mkr＞CFstep / dMkr＞CFstep Sets the marker frequency to the center frequency step size (resolution determined by up down keys.) MKR＞ Mkr＞CFstep dMkr＞CFstep Although this action does not cause any change to appear on the screen, when the center frequency is changed with up down keys, the center frequency is changed with the marker frequency as the step size.

  • Page 111: Peak Search Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES PEAK SEARCH FUNCTIONS The equipment has the following four marker search functions : Peak Search Minimum Search Next Peak Search Peak to Peak Search Next Left Peak Search Marker Track Next Right Peak Search Peak Search Peak Search detects the maximum level point from the entire trace and moves activated marker to that point.

  • Page 112: Peak Left Search/Peak Right Search

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Peak Left Search/Peak Right Search PEAK LEFT Search and PEAK RIGHT Search detect the adjacent peak level to the right or left of the current marker and move the marker to that point. To execute PEAK LEFT Search and PEAK RIGHT Search, perform the following key operation : PEAK NPeakLeft...

  • Page 113: Setting The Search Parameters

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting the Search Parameters Accesses the following menu keys. PEAK More.. Search Param.. Excur. [dB] Continuous [OFF/ON] Thresh. [dB] Peak Number [ Search Par. Multi Peak Search [DFLT/MAN Excur. : Sets the minimum amplitude variation of signals that the marker (Excursion) can identify as a peak.

  • Page 114: Trigger Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES TRIGGER FUNCTIONS TRIG key is the header key for using the trigger function. Continuous Sweep Mode When the trigger source is not Free Run, the sweep is executed each time trigger conditions are met. When the trigger source is set to Free Run, the sweep is executed continuously. To set the continuous sweep mode, press the following keys : TRIG Continuous...

  • Page 115: Trigger Source

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Trigger Source The equipment trigger mode can be divided into Free Run and Trigger. When trigger source is set to Free Run, we call not Triggered Mode or Free Run mode. Otherwise, Trigger Source is not Free Run, Triggered Mode. In the Triggered mode, Video, Line or External can be selected as the trigger source.

  • Page 116: Line Trigger

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Line Trigger This function starts sweep in synchronization with AC power line frequency. Line trigger is conveniently used to observe power line-related waveforms. With the line trigger function, the trigger level is not active. TRIG Source.. Line External Trigger This function starts sweep in synchronization with the external trigger source.

  • Page 117: Select Trigger Edge

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES To set the delay time perform the following key operations : TRIG Trig Delay The delay time is set numeric keys, the scroll knob and the step up-down keys in zero span mode. Range of delay time is –sweep time to +sweep time. A minus value of delay time means the Pre-Trigger mode is used.

  • Page 118: Time Gate Menu

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES The gate function requires that a gate trigger signal be connected to the E㎲T TRIG (TTL) input on the rear panel. When the gate function is on, the stage of the gate appears at the SWP Gate (TTL) rear panel connector.

  • Page 119: Coupled Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES COUPLED FUNCTION The four functions of RBW, VBW, Sweep Time and Input Attenuation are initially set to AUTO so the equipment can automatically select the optimum setting. There are two hard keys related to the Coupled function. : Coupling function AMPL : Amplitude function...

  • Page 120: Setting The Resolution Bandwidth(Rbw)

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting the Resolution Bandwidth(RBW) (1) Auto Mode The RBW, Sweep Time, and VBW parameters are to Auto so that even if the frequency span is varied, the respective parameters are automatically set to the optimum values so frequency and level measurement errors do not occur.

  • Page 121: Setting The Video Bandwidth(Vbw)

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Setting the Video Bandwidth(VBW) (1) Auto Mode When VBW is set to AUTO, the VBW is set according to the RBW value. (2) Manual Mode To set the VBW, perform the following key operations : VBW [MNL] Numeric K ey Step key Scroll knob...

  • Page 122: Selecting The Sweep Time

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Selecting the Sweep Time To set the sweep time, perform the following key operations : Swp Time [MNL] Swp Time Numeric K ey Step key Scroll knob The following shows the Auto Sweep Time Range : Not the Zero Span : 20 ms ~ 1000 sec Zero Span...
  • Page 123 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Reference Level Range Attenuation Auto +30 dBm to +20.1 dBm +20 dBm to +10.1 dBm +10 dBm to +0.1 dBm 0 dBm to -㎓.㎓ dBm Less than -10 dBm 2) Manual Setting However, when you want to measure a low level signal by raising the sensitivity, set the input attenuator manually as shown in the table below : Reference Level Range Attenuation Manual...
  • Page 124 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES 5-43 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 125: Displa㎳ Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES DISPLA㎳ FUNCTIONS The equipment provides functions related to the screen display, such as Display line, Threshold line, Screen Title, Annotation and Graticule. Display Line : Displays the horizontal line top of the graticule. Threshold Line : Displays the horizontal line top of the graticule. Screen Title : Edit the title of screen on the top of the screen.

  • Page 126: Threshold Line

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Threshold Line The Threshold Line is a horizontal line such that the waveform is displayed above the threshold line. It can be set between the reference level and the lowest level with the numeric keys or step keys or scroll knob. In the OFF setting, the threshold line disappears from the screen.
  • Page 127 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES DISP Screen Title Sel. Char Put the selected character to current cursor position. Before this, select the desired character with the scroll knob. When press the number keys this sequence was performed automatically. Erase a character before the cursor Back Space Erase a character on the cursor.

  • Page 128: Graticule

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Graticule This menu toggles the graticule ON or OFF. To delete the graticule on the screen, perform the following key operations : Graticule More.. [OFF / ON] Annotation This key annotation toggles ON or OFF. To delete the annotations on the screen, perform the following key operations : Annotation More..

  • Page 129: Trace Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES TRACE FUNCTIONS The TRACE key is the header key for the trace function. Select Trace The analyzer provides two Trace Memories, A and B. The active trace memory is selected by the following key operations : TRACE Select [B / A] Clr &...

  • Page 130: Min Hold

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Min Hold On each sweep, the new data of each horizontal point is compared with previous data. The unit stores and displays the level with the smaller value. Thus the display accumulates the minimum values for each point. TRACE Min Hold >>...

  • Page 131: Averaging Function

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Averaging Function The digital averaging function calculates the average data at each vertical axis point for each sweep and displays the results. The averaging function improves the S/N ratio depending on the averaging rate and the number of sweep repetitions.
  • Page 132 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Detection Mode The equipment provides the following five detection modes. Normal Sample Pos Peak Neg Peak Average Select the detection mode by performing the following key operation : TRACE More.. Detect.. Normal Sample Pos Peak Neg Peak Average The equipment uses the oversampling method to acquire video data.

  • Page 133: Mathematics Mode

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Mathematics Mode To use the trace computation, perform the following key operation : Display the computation and moving soft menu. More.. Math.. TRACE A-B → A The result A memory contents becomes the difference between the original A memory, or the sweep data, and the B memory.

  • Page 134: Save And File Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES SAVE AND FILE FUNCTIONS The equipment can save the setup conditions(Parameter), limit data and waveform data (Trace) to an internal Memory, USB Storage or USB Floppy. This data can be recalled and used. Screen image also saved as BMP & JPG format, but do not recall it. Internal Memory The internal Memory uses Flash Disk in the equipment The internal Memory can save the following data and waveform.

  • Page 135: File Management

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES File Management FILE key will display file directory window. To move the selection, use scroll knob or step Load key. Other Hard key or menu will close the window. Perform the following key operations for accessing File Menu. FILE Load Delete...
  • Page 136 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES and then USB Storage is recognized and you can copy the selected file from E: to C: or from C: to E:. Disk [D: or E: / C:] : Select Disk drive. File directory of this drive will be displayed. It is also the destination drive of SAVE .
  • Page 137 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES DTF_DB DTF(option) database file DTFCal DTF(option) calibration data file EmcLimit EMC(option) Limit data file EmcAnt EMC(option) antenna data file EmcCable EMC(option) cable data file Emc㎲duc ㎲DU EMC(option) transduce data file EmcOther EMC(option) user defiled data file DTFDcf DTF(option) configuration file DTFDct...

  • Page 138: Limit Line Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES LIMIT LINE FUNCTIONS LIMIT key is the header key for using the limit line function The LIMIT LINE FUNCTION displays two lines, which can be set to show permissible upper and lower bounds on the spectral waveform. Comparison of measured data with the limit lines is very easy.
  • Page 139 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Set the PASS/FAIL mode When the spectral waveform is within the upper limit line and lower limit, PASS is displayed on the screen. If not, FAIL is displayed on the screen. LIMIT UpPassChk [OFF / ON] When ON is selected, the upper limit line is checked.

  • Page 140: S㎳Stem Configuration

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES S㎳STEM CONFIGURATION The system parameters of the equipment can be set depending on the used objective. S㎳STEM hard key is the header key related to set system configuration. The equipment supports the SA mode (Spectrum Analyzer) and EMC, DTF mode. The SA mode is default and other is for optional.

  • Page 141: Clock Set

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Clock Set Set the date and time by performing the following key operations : S㎳STEM More 1 of 3 Clock Set.. Time Set Input HHMMSS (Hour, Minute, Second) Date Set Input ㎳㎳㎳㎳MMDD (㎳ear, Month, Date) Use numeric keys and ENTER key GPIB Address Set Set the GPIB address by performing the following key operations : S㎳STEM...

  • Page 142: Rs-232C Configuration

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES RS-232C Configuration The system can be remotely controlled using an RS-232C interface. To set up RS-232C protocol, perform the following key operations : More 1 of 3 RS-232C Set.. S㎳STEM Baudrate Set up the transfer speed. (Default Value: 1㎓200bps) Data Len Set up the data length.

  • Page 143: System Information

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES System Information These key functions are for special functions. Install.. : for system software upgrade. Version Info.. : shows the current software version information. Option Info.. : shows the current installed option information. Load Fac. Default : set the system to default configuration of shipment. S㎳STEM Factory Config..

  • Page 144: Preset Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES PRESET FUNCTIONS The preset key is the header key for the preset and calibration functions. When the PRESET key is pressed, the following soft menus are displayed. Preset Last State Alignment Mode Power on [Prest / Last] Auto Align [OFF / ON] Preset Pushing the preset key returns all of the analyzer parameter to the following values.
  • Page 145 SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Last State Pressing the Last State key returns all of the analyzer parameters back to the last state values that was the status of before system power off. PRESET Last State Alignment Mode When the Alignment Mode is pressed, a soft menu related to the calibration routines are displayed.

  • Page 146: Power On

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Power ON This function set the condition of power on state. When Preset was selected, the power on state is the same as preset state. When last was selected, the power on state is the set to recent state that was the status of before system power off.

  • Page 147: Au㎲ Functions

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES AU㎲ FUNCTIONS The equipment provides analog demodulation and audio monitor functions. AM Demodulation FM Demodulation Audio ON/OFF, Audio level control, Squelch level control. AM Demodulation The AM demodulation function displays the amplitude demodulated waveform. By pressing this key, the horizontal axis changes to the time axis. The carrier frequency is the center frequency.

  • Page 148: Audio Monitor

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Audio Monitor The equipment has an internal speaker and phone jack at the front panel. Audio Sound : used to turn ON the internal speaker. AU㎲ Audio Sound [ON / OFF] Audio Level : used to control the audio level, which can be adjusted by DATA ENTR㎳. The audio level has ㎒...

  • Page 149: Auto Tune

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES Auto Tune Detects the maximum peak point in full span and displays its spectrum in the center of the screen and then changes to a small span width. Last span width set to 1 ㎒. TUNE 5-㎐㎒...

  • Page 150: Tracking Generator (Option)

    SECTION 5 OPERATING PROCEDURES TRACKING GENERATOR (option) The equipment has an optional Tracking Generator. To set up the Tracking Generator, perform the following key operation : Tracker [OFF / ON] :The Tracker ON/OFF is used to turn ON the Tracking Generator.

  • Page 151: Performance Tests

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS SECTION 6 PERFORMANCE TESTS In this section, measuring instruments along with setup and operation procedures necessary for conducting performance tests are described. TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 6 PERFORMANCE TESTS..................6-1 REQUIREMENT FOR PERFORMANCE TESTS ............... 6-2 INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED FOR PERFORMANCE TEST.............

  • Page 152: Requirement For Performance Tests

    Execute the performance tests at regular intervals as preventive maintenance for important evaluation items. We recommend that the performance be inspected regularly once or twice a year. If the specifications are not met at the performance test, please contact Aeroflex. ㎐-2...

  • Page 153: Instruments Required For Performance Test

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED FOR PERFORMANCE TEST Recommended Required Performance Instrument Test Item (Model number) Item Specification Synthesized Signal Frequency Range 10 MHz∼ 3.0 GHz Frequency-span readout Generator Resolution 1 kHz accuracy (MG3633A) Output Level Range -20dBm–0dBm Resolution Bandwidth, selectivity (Agilent 8648C) Output Level...
  • Page 154 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Recommended Required Performance Instrument Test Item (Model number) Item Specification Power Sensor Frequency range 10 MHz–18 GHz Amplitude display linearity (Agilent 8481A) VSWR (max) 1.4 (10 MHz– Frequency response 30 MHz) Reference level accuracy 1.18 (30 MHz– Input Attenuator switching error 50 MHz) Second harmonic distortion...
  • Page 155 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Recommended Required Performance Instrument Test Item (Model number) Item Specification Frequency Counter Frequency range 10 Hz–20 GHz Reference oscillator frequency (Agilent 5350B) Resolution Stability 1 Hz–1 MHz 10 MHz–20 GHz Frequency-span readout 1 Hz 10 MHz–80 GHz accuracy 0.1 Hz 1 MHz–10 MHz...

  • Page 156: Performance Test

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS PERFORMANCE TEST For test items other than oscillator frequency stability, warm up the equipment for at least fifteen minutes and test performance after the equipment stabilizes completely. Also begin measurements after taking the warm-up time of the calibration instrument into full consideration. In addition, the test should be conducted at room temperature with little AC power supply voltage fluctuation, and should be free of noise, vibration, dust humidity, etc.

  • Page 157: Reference Oscillator Frequency Stability

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Reference Oscillator Frequency Stability Frequency stability is tested by measuring the 10 MHz reference oscillator. Stability is determined by measuring frequency variation at ambient temperatures of 0℃ and 40℃. Specification Reference Oscillator Frequency : 10 MHz ±1 ×...
  • Page 158 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Set up the equipment in a constant-temperature chamber at 25℃. Set the Line and Power switches on the equipment to ON and wait until the equipment internal temperature stabilizes. (approx. 1.5 hours after the chamber temperature stabilize). When the internal temperature stabilizes, measure the frequency by using the counter with 0.1 Hz resolution.

  • Page 159: Center Frequency Readout Accuracy

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Center Frequency Readout Accuracy Add the known frequency which serves as the center frequency reference to the equipment as shown in the figure below and set CF (same value the known center frequency) and SPAN. At this time, check that the difference between reading of the marker readout frequency of peak point, and the CF set value meets the specification.
  • Page 160 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Set the power supply switch on the equipment rear panel to ON and then the power switch on the equipment front panel to ON. Press the PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. and then All Align key. Set the equipment as follows : Center frequency : 1300 MHz...
  • Page 161 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Test Instrument frequency Equipment Measured frequency ( MHz) (MG3633A) Span Center Minimum* Measured Maximum* Accuracy Frequency Frequency : 1300 MHz 50 kHz 1299.9954 1300.0046 Output Power Level : 200 kHz 1299.9899 1300.0101 -20 dBm 1 MHz 1299.9624 1300.0376 2 MHz...

  • Page 162: Frequency Span Readout Accuracy

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Frequency Span Readout Accuracy Using the setup shown in the figure below, set the frequencies corresponding the 1st and 9th division from the left side of the screen scale with the Signal Generator. The frequency difference between the peak levels at the 1st and 9th division is equal to the frequency span × 0.8.

  • Page 163: Frequency Span Accuracy

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Set the power supply switch on the equipment rear panel to ON and then the power switch on the equipment front panel to ON. Press the PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. and then All Align key. Set the equipment as follows : Center frequency : 1500 MHz...
  • Page 164 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Equipment Signal Generator Specification (±3 %) ( MHz) Center Span Minimum Span Maximum Accuracy Frequency Span 1500 MHz 50 kHz 48.5 kHz 51.5 kHz 200 kHz 194 kHz 206 kHz 1 MHz 970 kHz 1.03 MHz 2 MHz 1.94 MHz 2.06 MHz...

  • Page 165: Resolution Bandwidth(Rbw) And Selectivity And Switching Error

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Resolution Bandwidth(RBW) and Selectivity and Switching Error Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) When there are two input signals with a frequency difference corresponding to the 3dB bandwidth (of IF final stage) the signals can be resolved as two waveforms. This is called resolution bandwidth. RBW accuracy and selectivity The accuracy is defined by the coincidence between setting of RBW and 3dB bandwidth of signal.
  • Page 166 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 3) Setup External Reference Signal Generator BNC Cable RF Cable MG3633A Figure 6-4. Resolution Bandwidth and Selectivity and Error 4) Procedure RBW Accuracy Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. and then All Align key. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 501 MHz...
  • Page 167 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Press PEAK , MKR> , Mkr>Ref key and match the peak of the signal trace to the top line Ref Level on the screen. Press TRIG , Single key to execute a single sweep, then check that the single sweep has been completed.
  • Page 168 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS RBW Selectivity Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 501 MHz Span : 100 MHz Reference level : -10 dBm : Auto : 3 MHz...
  • Page 169 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 3dB BW Equipment 60dB BW Selectivity Remark (6dB BW) Span 1 kHz 20 kHz 3 kHz 50 kHz 9 kHz 100 kHz (6 dB BW) 10 kHz 200 kHz 30 kHz 500 kHz 100 kHz 2 MHz 2 MHz (6 dB BW) 120 kHz...
  • Page 170 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS RBW Switching error Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 100 MHz Span : 20 MHz Reference level : -10 dBm : Auto...
  • Page 171 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Frequency span Deviation (error) Remark 300 Hz 2 kHz 1 kHz 10 kHz 3 kHz 20 kHz (Reference) 10 kHz 50 kHz 30 kHz 150 kHz 100 kHz 500 kHz 300 kHz 1.5 MHz 5 MHz 1 MHz 3 MHz 15 MHz...

  • Page 172: Sideband Noise (Phase Noise)

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Sideband Noise (Phase noise) Sideband noise measures the noise of local oscillator signal at an offset from the carrier frequency. It is important to use a signal source with 10dB or better sideband noise performance than the equipment. Sideband N oise 1) Specification...
  • Page 173 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 3.0 MHz Span : 100 kHz Reference level : -10 dBm : 0 dB : 1 kHz...

  • Page 174: Frequency Measurement Accuracy

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Frequency Measurement Accuracy To measure frequency counter accuracy set the Signal Generator and marker point to a position at least 20 dB higher than the noise (or adjacent interference signal) to operate the built-in counter and test the frequency measurement accuracy using the Frequency Counter COUNT ON mode.
  • Page 175 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 3000 MHz Span : 50 kHz 10 MHz REF : EXT Couple : All Auto...

  • Page 176: Amplitude Display Linearity

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Amplitude Display Linearity This test determines the error per vertical graduation for the LOG display and LINEAR display. Apply the correct level signal to the RF Input via an external attenuator and measure the error from the attenuation of the attenuator and the Δ...
  • Page 177 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure LOG Linearity [10 dB/div, 5 dB/div, 2 dB/div, 1 dB/div] Step Procedure PRESET , Preset key. Press Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 100 MHz Reference level...
  • Page 178 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Log Display Linearity [10 dB/DIV] Test Instrument Attenuator Δmarker Error Remark Value (dB) Setting (dB) Reference Log Display Linearity [5 dB/DIV] Test Instrument Attenuator Δmarker Error Remark Value (dB) Setting (dB) Reference ㎐-2㎒ www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 179 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Log Display Linearity [2 dB/DIV] Test Instrument Attenuator Δmarker Error Remark Value (dB) Setting (dB) Reference Log Display Linearity [1 dB/DIV] Δmarker Test Instrument Attenuator Error Remark Value (dB) Setting (dB) Reference ㎐-2㎓ www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 180 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS LINEAR Linearity [Full scale] Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 100 MHz Reference level : 0 dBm Span : 15 kHz : 10 dB...
  • Page 181 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Linear Display Linearity (full scale) Marker Value (dB) Error Remark Setting (dB) Reference ㎐-31 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 182: Frequency Response

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Frequency Response Generally, when one or more signals with a different frequency but the same amplitude are applied to the unit, the spectrum analyzer displays the same amplitude for each signal on the screen. 1) Specification Frequency response -3.0 ~ +1 dB, 1 kHz to 5 MHz (@10dB RF attenuation) ±1.0 dB,...
  • Page 183 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Power meter calibration and measurement procedure Step Procedure Connect the Power Meter [437B] to Power sensor [8481A] Connect the Power sensor to Power Meter input port. Push Power REF button of Power Meter and then display value 0 dBm. If display value is not 0 dBm, turn Cal ADJ.

  • Page 184: Reference Level Accuracy

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Reference Level Accuracy Here the absolute amplitude level is tested at 100 MHz. Confirm the level accuracy with a signal from the Signal Generator, calibrated by a standard power meter. 1) Specification ±150 dB (50 kHz to 3.0 GHz) Reference level accuracy 2) Test Instruments Signal Generator...
  • Page 185 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Power meter calibration and Reference Calibration Step Procedure Connect the power meter (HP437B) to power sensor (HP8481A). Connect the power sensor to power meter input port. Push Power REF button on power meter and then display value 0 dBm. If displayed value is not 0 dBm, turn Cal ADJ.
  • Page 186 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Reference level Step Attenuator Marker level Error [dBm] value (dB) value [dBm] ㎐-3㎐ www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 187: Average Noise Level

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Average Noise Level The internal noise of the spectrum analyzer is measured with this test. 1) Specification Average noise level : [ RBW : 300 Hz , VBW : 10 Hz ] -105 dBm, 50 kHz to 100kHz -110 dBm, 100kHz to 2.8GHz -105 dBm, 2.8GHz to 3.0GHz 2) Test Instruments...
  • Page 188 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 50 kHz Span : 20 kHz Reference level : -50dBm : 0dBm : 300 Hz...

  • Page 189: Second Harmonic Distortion

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Second Harmonic Distortion The main point of the test is to apply a signal with harmonic distortion that is lower than the equipment internal harmonic distortion [at least 20dB below] to the equipment and measure the level difference between the fundamental signal and the second harmonic.
  • Page 190 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 95 MHz Span : 50 kHz Reference level : -30 dBm : 0 dB : 300 Hz...

  • Page 191: Input Attenuator Switching Error

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Input Attenuator Switching Error This test measures the switching error when the amount of attenuation in the RF input section is switched. 1) Specification Input Attenuator switching error : ±0.5dB by steps, ±1.5 dB max 2) Test Instruments Signal Generator : MG3663A RF Cable...
  • Page 192 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Power meter calibration and signal generator calibration Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 100 MHz Span : 500 kHz Reference level...
  • Page 193 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Input Attenuator Delta Marker level Spec Before change After change 0 dB 10 dB ±0.5dB/step up to ±1.5dB max, 10 dB 20 dB 100 MHz 20 dB 30 dB 30 dB 40 dB 40 dB 50 dB ㎐-43 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 194: Residual Fm

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Residual FM Measure the purity of frequency. 100 HzP-P in 200 ㎳, RBW 1 kHz, VBW 1 kHz 1) Specification 2) Test Instruments Modulation Analzyer : HP8901B BNC Cable : BNC [male]–BNC [male] 3) Setup Modulation Analzyer BNC Cable HP8901B...
  • Page 195 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 40 MHz Reference level : -10 dBm Span : 10 kHz : 1 kHz...

  • Page 196: 3Rd Order Intermodulation

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 3rd Order Intermodulation Two Signal Generators provide the signals required for measuring third order intermodulation. It is difficult when the input level is –30dBm because the intermodulation signal is very close in level to the noise. 1) Specification -60 dBc , 100 MHz to 2.9 GHz (-30 dBm input, 0 dB att.) 2) Test Instruments...
  • Page 197 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Power meter calibration Step Procedure Connect the power meter (HP437B) to power sensor (HP8481A). Connect the power sensor to power meter input port. Push Power REF button on power meter and then display value 0 dBm. If displayed value is not 0 dBm, turn Cal ADJ.
  • Page 198 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Turn generator #1 RF off and generator #2 on. Adjust signal generator #2 level so that power meter reads -30 dBm. Disconnect power sensor from power splitter and connect RF cable 3. Turn RF on for both signal generators. Press PEAK key to set the normal marker to one at the two signals at -30 dBm.

  • Page 199: Spurious Response

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Spurious Response This test measures spurious frequency levels in the equipment. The RF Input is terminated and 0 dB Input attenuation is selected. 1) Specification -85 dBm (Input terminated, 0 dB attenuation) 2) Test Instruments 50 ohm Termination : 909F 3) Setup 50ohm...
  • Page 200 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 4) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset key. Press Alignment Mode.. softkey and then All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 300 MHz Span : 300 kHz Reference level : -40 dBm : 0 dB : 1 kHz...

  • Page 201: Input Vswr

    SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS Input VSWR This test verifies the Input VSWR of the equipment. Specification 1.5 : 1, 150 kHz to 3.0 GHz (with 10 dB attenuation) 1) Test Instruments Network Analyzer 1 : Agilent 8720D ※ Frequency Range : 50 MHz–20 GHz Network Analyzer 2 : Agilent 8751A ※...
  • Page 202 SECTION ㎐ PERFORMANCE TESTS 3) Procedure Step Procedure Press PRESET , Preset. Press Alignment Mode.. and All Align softkey. Set up the equipment as shown below : Center frequency : 100 MHz : 10 dB Set up the Network Analyzer(8751A) as shown below : Start frequency : 150 kHz Stop frequency...
  • Page 203 SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION This section describes the long-term storage, repacking and transportation of the equipment as well as the regular care procedures and the timing. TABLE OF CONTENTS CLEANING ------------------------------------------------------------- ㎑-3 STORAGE PRECAUTIONS ---------------------------------------------- ㎑-4 ㎑-4 Precautions Before Storage -----------------------------------------...
  • Page 204 SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION <BLANK> ㎑-2 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 205: Storage And Transportation

    SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION CLEANING Always turn the equipment POWER switch OFF and disconnect the power plug from the AC power inlet before cleaning the cabinet. To clean the external cabinet : Use a soft, dry cloth for wiping off. Use a cloth moistened with diluted neutral cleaning liquid if the instrument is very dirty or before long term storage.

  • Page 206: Storage Precautions

    SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION STORAGE PRECAUTIONS This paragraph describes the precautions to take for long term storage of the equipment. Precautions before storage 1. Before storage, wipe dust, finger marks, and other dirt off of the equipment. 2. Close the font cover. 3.

  • Page 207: Repacking And Transportation

    SECTION ㎑ STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION REPACKING AND TRANSPORTATION The following precautions should be take if the equipment must be returned to Aeroflex for servicing. Repacking Use the original packing materials. If the equipment is packed in other materials, observe the following packing procedure : 1) Wrap the equipment in plastic sheet or similar material.
  • Page 208 SERVICE If the equipment is damaged or does not operate as specified, contact your nearest Aeroflex dealer for repair. When you request repair, provide the following information : 1) Model number and serial number on rear panel. 2) Fault description : Symptom, operation procedure before fault (include peripheral or equipment and plot of connection circuit), circumstance (temperature, humidity, time, date, place), your guess, etc.

  • Page 209: Appendix A Measurement Guide

    Contents Appendix A Measurement Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW ----------------------------------------- Front-Panel Features -------------------------------------------------- 1-㎒ Rear-Panel Features --------------------------------------------------- 1-11 Display Annotation ----------------------------------------------------- 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS ---------------------------------- What is in This Chapter ----------------------------------------------- Comparing Signals ----------------------------------------------------- Example : Delta marker function ------------------------------------- Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude ---------------------------------- Example : Selection RBW ------------------------------------------- 2-㎑...
  • Page 210 Identifying Distortion Products ----------------------------------------- 2-32 Distortion from the Analyzer ---------------------------------------- 2-32 Example : Delta marker function ---------------------------------- 2-32 Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion ------------------------------- 2-34 Example : Delta marker function ---------------------------------- 2-34 Marking Noise Measurements ------------------------------------------ 2-3㎐ Example 1 : MKR Noise function ------------------------------------ 2-3㎐...

  • Page 211: Instrument Overview

    1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Front Panel Rear Panel Screen Annotation In this manual call the key in front panel as hard key and be expressed box of letter. Call the soft key on the menu in screen and be expressed italic. Center Ex.] FREQ...
  • Page 212 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Soft Menu keys are the labeled keys (F1 to F㎑) on the side of screen. The soft menu key functions are annotated on the screen each side of the menu keys one to one. Most of the labeled keys on the analyzer front panel (also called hard keys) access menus of keys having related functions.
  • Page 213 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW CONTROL hard keys functions access menus that allow you to adjust the resolution bandwidth, adjust the sweep time, set trigger functions, control the instrument display, and select a kind of trace. They also set other analyzer parameters needed for making measurements.
  • Page 214 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW The AU㎲ key sets the auxiliary functions, such as AM/FM demodulation, audio and squelch level. The TG key sets the tracking generator operation. This key is only available if TG option is installed. PRINT key immediately sends hardcopy data to the printer. Printer Config..
  • Page 215 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Number Keys include numeric key, back space(<-), sign(+/-) and ENTER key. These keys allow you to change the numeric value of an active function. ㎳ou may include a decimal point in the number portion. If not, the decimal point is placed at the end of the number.
  • Page 216 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW ㎓ The Step Keys ( ▲ ) allow discrete increases or decreases of the active function value. The step size depends upon the analyzer measurement range or on a preset amount. Each press results in a single step change. For those parameters with fixed values, the next value in a sequence is selected each time a step key is pressed.
  • Page 217 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW If the tracking generator output power is too high, it may CAUTION damage the device under test. Do not exceed the maximum power that the device under test can tolerate. Phone : The earphone connector provides a connection for a mono earphone jack which bypasses the internal speaker.

  • Page 218: Rear-Panel Features

    1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Rear-Panel Features Figure 1-2. Rear-Panel Feature Overview IF OUT 10.㎑ ㎒ : If out is 50 Ω , 10.㎑MHz IF output that is the down-converted signal of the RF input of the analyzer. Amplitude-correction factors are not applied to this signal. This output is taken after the resolution bandwidth filters and step gains and before the log amplifier.
  • Page 219 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW E㎲T VGA : drives an external VGA compatible monitor. (Line Switch) : This is a main power switch. (Line Fuse) : The fuse is removed by pulling fuse holder. Replace only with a fuse of the ㎐ same rating.
  • Page 220 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW If power is applied without protective grounding, there is a risk of accidental electric shock. The protective frame ground terminal or WARNING the ground pin of the supplied power cord must be connected to ground potential before turning the analyzer on. 1-10 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 221: Display Annotation

    1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Display Annotation Here is an example of the annotation that may appear on an analyzer display. The display annotation is referenced by numbers which are listed in the following table. The Function Key column indicates which key activates the function related to the annotation. Refer to the operation manual for more information on a specific function key.
  • Page 222 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Table 1-3. Screen annotation Number Explanation Relate key Reference level Ref. Level AMPL Log, Linear, Scale.. Amplitude scale AMPL Atten. [AUTO/MNL] Input Attenuation AMPL Marker frequency Date and time display Clock Set.. S㎳STEM Marker amplitude ㎐ Screen title Screen Title..
  • Page 223 1. INSTRUMENT OVERVIEW Screen Annotation. Trig Trace Offset Detect W A V B F o R o Norm : Normal Trig Mode Trace Trace Samp : Sample S: Single : Pos Peak C: Continue : Neg Peak Trig Source : Average : Free Run Trace State Reference level offset ON...

  • Page 224: Making Basic Measurements

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS What is in This Chapter This chapter demonstrates basic analyzer measurements with examples of typical measurements; each measurement focuses on different functions. This chapter dose not focus on testing equipment performance. This explains spectrum analyzer’s simple and basic function and usage example in least extra equipment.

  • Page 225: Comparing Signals

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Comparing Signals Using the analyzer, you can easily compare frequency and amplitude differences between signals, such as radio or television signal spectra. The analyzer delta marker function lets you compare two signals when both appear on the screen at one time or when only one appears on the screen.
  • Page 226 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS 5. Press MKR, Delta, to activate a second marker at the position of the first marker. Move the second marker to another signal peak using the knob, or by pressing Search and NPeakRight NPeakLeft ㎐. The amplitude and frequency difference between the markers is displayed in the active function block and in the upper right corner of the screen.

  • Page 227: Resolving Signals Of Equal Amplitude

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude Two equal-amplitude input signals that are close in frequency can appear as one on the analyzer display. Responding to a single-frequency signal, a swept-tuned analyzer traces out the shape of the selected internal IF (intermediate frequency) filter. As you change the filter bandwidth, you change the width of the displayed response.

  • Page 228: Example : Selection Rbw

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Example : Selection RBW Resolve two signals of equal amplitude with a frequency separation of 100 1. Connect two sources to the analyzer RF INPUT as shown in Figure 2-3. 10 MHz REF_EXT SOURCE #1 SOURCE #2 INPUT COMBINER Figure 2-3.
  • Page 229 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS 4. Since the resolution bandwidth must be less than or equal to the frequency separation of the two signals, a resolution bandwidth of 100 must be used. Change the resolution bandwidth to 100 by setting RBW, 100 .

  • Page 230: Resolving Small Signals Hidden By Large Signals

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS To resolve two signals of equal amplitude with a frequency separation of NOTE : , the resolution bandwidth must be less than the signal separation, and resolution of 100 must be used. The next larger filter, 300 , would exceed the 200 separation and would not resolve the signals.

  • Page 231: Example : Selection Rbw

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Example : Selection RBW Resolve two input signals with a frequency separation of 200 and different amplitude. 1. To obtain two signals with a 200 separation, connect the equipment as shown in the previous section, “Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude” on page 2-5. Set one source to 300 ㎒...
  • Page 232 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS 4. Set the 300 ㎒ signal to the reference level by pressing PEAK, then MKR>, MKR>Ref If a 10 filter with a typical shape factor 15:1 is used, the filter will have a bandwidth of 150 at the ㎐0dB point, the half-bandwidth (㎑5 ) is narrower than the frequency separation, so the input signals will be resolved.

  • Page 233: Making Better Frequency Measurements

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-㎑. Signal Resolution with a 30 Resolution Bandwidth Making Better Frequency Measurements A built-in frequency counter increases the resolution and accuracy of the frequency readout. Example : Marker counter function Increase the resolution and accuracy of the frequency readout on the signal of interest. 2-10 www.valuetronics.com...
  • Page 234 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS 1. Turn on the internal 40 ㎒ calibration signal of the analyzer (if you have not already Cal. signal [ON] done so). Press PRESET, 2. Set the center frequency to 40 ㎒ by pressing FREQ , 40 ㎒. 3.

  • Page 235: Decreasing The Frequency Span Around The Signal

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-㎒. Using Marker Counter Decreasing the Frequency Span Around the Signal Using the analyzer signal tracking function, you can quickly decrease the span while keeping the signal at center frequency. This is a fast way to take a closer look at the area around the signal to identify signals that would otherwise not be resolved.

  • Page 236: Example : Mkr Track Function

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Example : Mkr Track function Examine a signal in a 200 span. 1. Turn on the internal Cal Signal 40 ㎒ calibration signal of the analyzer (if you have not Cal. signal [ON] already done so). Press PRESET, Stop 2.

  • Page 237: Tracking Drifting Signals

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Tracking [OFF] Press PEAK again (so that Off is highlighted) to turn off the signal tracking function. When you are finished with the example, turn off the signal tracking NOTE : function. Figure 2-㎓. After Zoom-In on the Signal Tracking Drifting Signals The signal tracking function is useful for tracking drifting signals that drift relatively slowly.

  • Page 238: Example 1 : Mkr Track Function

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Mkr Track PEAK, may be used to track these drifting signals. Use PEAK to place a marker Mkr Track [ON] on the signal you wish to track. Pressing PEAK, will bring that signal to the center frequency of the graticule and adjust the center frequency every sweep to bring the selected signal back to the center.
  • Page 239 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS 1. Connect a signal generator to the analyzer RF INPUT. Press PRESET, Preset 2. Set the signal generator frequency to 300 ㎒ with an amplitude of –20 dBm. 3. Set the center frequency of the analyzer to 300 ㎒ by pressing FREQ, 300 ㎒. 4.

  • Page 240: Example 2 : Max Hold Function

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-10. Using Signal Tracking to Track a Drifting Signal Example 2 : Max Hold function The analyzer can measure the short-and long-term stability of a source. The maximum amplitude level and the frequency drift of an input signal trace and be displayed and held by using the maximum-hold function.
  • Page 241 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS 4. Press PEAK to move the marker to the peak of your signal. 5. Set the span to 10 ㎒ by pressing SPAN, 10 ㎒. ㎐. Press SPAN, 500 ㎑. To measure the excursion of the signal, press TRACE then Max Hold. As the signal varies, maximum hold maintains the maximum responses of the input signal.

  • Page 242: Measuring Low Level Signals

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-11. Viewing a Drifting Signal with Max Hold and Clear Write Measuring Low Level Signals The ability of the analyzer to measure low level signals is limited by the noise generated inside the analyzer. A signal may be masked by the noise floor so that it is not visible. This sensitivity to low level signals is affected by the measurement setup.

  • Page 243: Example 1 : Set Input Attenuation

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS The analyzer input attenuator and bandwidth setting affect the sensitivity by changing the signal-to-noise ratio. The attenuator affects the level of a signal passing through the instrument, whereas the bandwidth affects the level of internal noise without affecting the signal.
  • Page 244 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS The total power of all input signals at the analyzer input must not CAUTION exceed the maximum power level for the analyzer. Preset 1. Connect a signal generator to the analyzer RF INPUT. Press PRESET, on the analyzer.
  • Page 245 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-12. Using 0 dB Attenuation Atten [MNL] ㎒. Press AMPL, . Press the step-up key (▲ ) to select 10 dB attenuation. Increasing the attenuation moves the noise floor closer to the signal. See Fig 2-13. A * mark appears next to the ATT annotation at the top of the display, indicating the attenuation is no longer coupled to other analyzer setting.
  • Page 246 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-13. Low-Level Signal with 10dB Attenuation 2-23 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 247: Example 2 : Selection Rbw

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Example 2 : Selection RBW The resolution bandwidth can be decreased to view low level signals. 1. As in the previous example, set the analyzer to view a low level signal. Connect a signal Preset generator to the analyzer RF INPUT. Press PRESET, on the analyzer.
  • Page 248 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-14. Decreasing Resolution Bandwidth A * mark appears next to the RBW annotation at the lower center of the screen, indicating that the resolution bandwidth is uncoupled. As the resolution bandwidth is reduced, the sweep time is increased to maintain calibrated data.

  • Page 249: Example 3 : Selection Vbw

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Example 3 : Selection VBW Narrowing the video filter can be useful for noise measurements and observation of low level signals close to the noise floor. The video filter is a post-detection low-pass filter that smoothes the displayed trace. When signal responses near the noise level of the analyzer are visually masked by the noise, the video filter can be narrowed to smooth this noise and improve the visibility of the signal.
  • Page 250 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS VBW [MNL], VBW ㎐. Set the video bandwidth to 100Hz by pressing CPL, , and the step- down key ( ). This clarifies the signal by smoothing the noise, which allows better measurement of the signal amplitude. Figure 2-15.
  • Page 251 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS A * mark appears next to the VBW annotation at the bottom of the screen, indicating that the video bandwidth is not coupled to the resolution bandwidth. See Figure 2-15. Instrument preset conditions couple the video bandwidth to the resolution bandwidth so that the video bandwidth is equal to the resolution bandwidth.

  • Page 252: Example 4 : Video Average Function

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Example 4 : Video average function If a signal level is very close to the noise floor, video averaging is another way to make the signal more visible. NOTE : The time required to construct a full trace that is averaged to the desired degree is approximately the same when using either the video bandwidth or the video averaging technique.
  • Page 253 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS More.., Average.. Average [ON] ㎐. Press TRACE, then . When ON is highlighted, the video averaging routine is initiated. As the averaging routine smoothes the trace, low level Count [ ㎒ ] signals be come more visible. Average appears on the right-upper screen.
  • Page 254 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-1㎐. Using the Video Averaging Function 2-31 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 255: Identifying Distortion Products

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Identifying Distortion Products Distortion from the Analyzer High level input signals may cause analyzer distortion products that could mask the real distortion measured on the input signal. Example : Delta marker function Using a signal from a signal generator, determine how many the harmonic distortion products are generated by the analyzer.
  • Page 256 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS To measure the second harmonic distortion, press PEAK then the marker is located in the Delta, 200MHz highest signal, fundamental signal(200MHz). Press MKR, , then the marker is located in the second harmonic signal. The signal shown in Figure 2-1㎑ produces harmonic distortion products in the analyzer input mixer.

  • Page 257: Example : Delta Marker Function

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion Two-tone, third-order intermodulation distortion is a common test in communication systems. When two signals are present in a non-linear system, they can interact and create third-order intermodulation distortion products that are located close to the original signals. These distortion products are generated by system components such as amplifiers and mixers.
  • Page 258 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS 2. Set one source to 300 ㎒ and the other source to 301 ㎒, for a frequency separation of 1 ㎒. Set the sources equal in amplitude (in this example, they are set to –5 dBm). 3.

  • Page 259: Example 1 : Mkr Noise Function

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Making Noise Measurements There are a variety of ways to measurement noise power. The first decision you must make is whether you want to measure noise power at a specific frequency or the total power over a specified frequency range, for example over a channel bandwidth.
  • Page 260 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Ref Level, -20 dBm 4. Set the reference level to –20 dBm by pressing AMPL, . See Figure 2-20. Note that if the signal is much higher than shown, adjust the input attenuator. In Atten. [MNL] this example the input attenuation was set to 30dB by pressing , 30dB.

  • Page 261: Example 2 : Video Filtering/Average

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Example 2 : Video filtering/Average The Normal marker can also be used to make a signal frequency measurement as described in the previous example, again using video filtering or averaging to obtain a reasonably stable measurement. While video averaging automatically selects the sample display detection mode, video filtering does not.

  • Page 262: Example 3 : Channel Power Measurement

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Example 3 : Channel power measurement ㎳ou may want to measure the total power of a noise-like signal that occupies some bandwidth. For example, you may want to determine the power in a communications channel. If the signal is noise and is flat across the band of interest, you can use the noise marker as described in example 1 and add 10×log (channel BW).
  • Page 263 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-22. Measuring Channel Power The algorithm that computes the total power compensates for the fact that some of the trace points on the response to the continuous wave tone may be at or very close to the peak value of the tone and so yields the correct value whether the signal comprises just noise, a tone, or both.

  • Page 264: Demodulating Am Signals

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Demodulating AM Signals The zero span mode can be used to recover amplitude modulation on a carrier signal. The analyzer operates as fixed-tuned receiver in zero span to provide time domain measurements. Center frequency in the swept-tuned mode becomes the tuned frequency in zero span. The horizontal axis of the screen becomes calibrated in time only, rather than both frequency and time.

  • Page 265: Example : Am Demod. Function

    2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Example : AM Demod. Function View the modulation waveform of an AM signal in the time domain. 1. To obtain an AM signal, you can either connect a source to the analyzer input and set the source for amplitude modulation, or connect an antenna to the analyzer input and tune to a commercial AM broadcast station.
  • Page 266 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS ㎐. Set the span to 20 ㎒ by pressing SPAN, 20 ㎒. RBW [MNL], RBW, ㎑. Set the resolution bandwidth to 1 ㎒ by pressing CPL, 1 ㎒. See Figure 2-24. Figure 2-24. Viewing an AM Signal ㎒.
  • Page 267 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS Figure 2-25. Measuring Modulation in Zero Span. Use markers and delta markers to measure the time parameters of the waveform. 2-44 www.valuetronics.com...

  • Page 268: Demodulating Fm Signals

    2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Demodulating FM Signals As with amplitude modulation you can utilize zero span to demodulate a FM signal. However, unlike the AM case, you cannot simply tune to the carrier frequency and widen the resolution bandwidth. The reason is that the envelope detector in the analyzer responds only to amplitude variations, and there is no change in amplitude if the frequency changes of the FM signal are limited to the flat part of the resolution bandwidth.
  • Page 269 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS 2. Tune the analyzer to the frequency 40 ㎒. In this example we are using the amplitude reference signal. Press FREQ, 40 ㎒. 3. Set the span to 1 ㎒ by pressing SPAN, 1 ㎒. 4. Set the reference level to –30dBm by pressing AMPL, Ref Level, -30 dBm. RBW [MNL], RBW, 100 5.
  • Page 270 2. MAKING BASE MEASUREMENTS Example : FM Demod. function 1. Connect a signal generator output to the analyzer RF INPUT. 2. Set a source frequency to 300 ㎒, amplitude to 0 dBm, FM deviation to ㎑5 , and FM rate to 1 Preset 3.
  • Page 271 2. MAKING BASIC MEASUREMENTS ㎒. Tune above or below the FM signal by the offset noted above in step 10, in this example CF Step [MNL], CF Step, 130 , Center . press FREQ, then use the step-up key (▲ ) or step-down key ( ). ㎓.
  • Page 272 5.3 If during the appropriate Warranty Period the Licensed Software does not conform substantially to the Software Product Descriptions, Data Sheets or Product Specifications Aeroflex will provide: 5.3.1 In the case of Embedded Software and at Aeroflex’s discretion either a fix for the problem or an effective and efficient work- around.
  • Page 273 Licensed Software at the commencement of this Agreement. 8.3 Aeroflex shall not be liable to the Licensee for any loss of use or for loss of profits or of contracts arising directly or indirectly out of any such infringement of patent, registered design, trademark or copyright.
  • Page 274 As we are always seeking to improve our products, the information in this document gives only a general indication of the product capacity, performance and suitability, none of which shall form part of any contract. We reserve the right to make design changes without notice. web www.aeroflex.com Email info-test@aeroflex.com November 2005 www.valuetronics.com...

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