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Kistler 9253B Series Instruction Manual

Multicomponent force plate
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Instruction
Manual
Multicomponent Force
Plate
Type 9253B...
9253B_002-050e-07.24

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Summary of Contents for Kistler 9253B Series

  • Page 1 Instruction Manual Multicomponent Force Plate Type 9253B… 9253B_002-050e-07.24...
  • Page 3 Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Kistler reserves the right to change or improve its products and make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Content Introduction ............................4 Important Information ........................5 For Your Safety ..........................5 How to Treat the Instrument ......................6 Tips for Using the Instruction Manual ....................7 What Happens After Modifications? ....................7 General Description of the Instrument ....................8 What does a Multicomponent Force Plate do? ................
  • Page 5 Content Annex ............................... 33 Glossary ............................33 Measurement Uncertainty......................37 Linearity ............................38 Frequency Range ..........................41 Influence of Temperature ....................... 43 Total pages 44 9253B_002-050e-07.24 Page 3...

  • Page 6: Introduction

    It will help you with the installation, maintenance, and use of this product. To the extent permitted by law Kistler does not accept any liability if this instruction manual is not followed or products other than those listed under Accessories are used.

  • Page 7: Important Information

    Important Information 2. Important Information 2.1 For Your Safety  This instrument has been tested thoroughly and it left the works in a perfectly safe condition. To maintain this condition and assure safe operation, the user must observe the directives and warnings contained in these instructions.

  • Page 8: How To Treat The Instrument

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 2.2 How to Treat the Instrument The force plate may be used only under specified environmental and operating conditions.  The insulation resistance is crucially important with piezoelectric measurements. It must be around 10 Ω (but at least 10 Ω).

  • Page 9: Tips For Using The Instruction Manual

    Please keep this Instruction Manual in a safe place where it can be consulted any time. If the instructions get lost, just turn to your Kistler customer service station and they will be replaced without delay. All information and directives in this Instruction manual may be modified at any time without notification.

  • Page 10: General Description Of The Instrument

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 3. General Description of the Instrument 3.1 What does a Multicomponent Force Plate do? The multicomponent force plate provides dynamic and quasi-static measurement of the 3 orthogonal components of a force (F ) acting from any direction onto the top plate.

  • Page 11: Functional Principle

    General Description of the Instrument 3.2 Functional Principle The force to be measured is introduced via a top plate and distributed between four 3-component force sensors arranged in a force measuring element. Each of the sensors has three pairs of quartz plates, one sensitive to pressure in the z direction and the other two to shear in the x and y directions respectively.

  • Page 12: Design Of The Multicomponent Force Plate

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 3.3 Design of the Multicomponent Force Plate The multicomponent force plate consists of four force measuring elements each comprising one 3-component force sensor under preload. The integrated 3-wire cable runs in a protective tube. The four cables are connected together in a summing box.

  • Page 13: Assembly, Installation And Putting Into Operation

    Assembly, Installation and Putting Into Operation 4. Assembly, Installation and Putting Into Operation 4.1 Important Remarks The multicomponent force plate is a precision instrument, but its inherent accuracy can be exploited and retained only if it is treated with care. The following rules should therefore be noted: ...

  • Page 14: Dynamometer Positioning

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… elasticity and reduce the resonant frequency of the measuring rig. All mountings must therefore be considered from the vibration aspect also.  Check whether the force plate rocks by alternately pressing on diagonally opposite corners of the force plate.

  • Page 15: Basic Circuitry And Cabling Of The Measuring System

    Assembly, Installation and Putting Into Operation 4.4 Basic Circuitry and Cabling of the Measuring System The electrical charges (pC) supplied by the force plate are converted by charge amplifiers into proportional voltages which can be displayed, recorded and processed with the usual instruments.

  • Page 16: Force Measuring With 3 Components (F )

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 4.4.1 Force Measuring with 3 Components (F The illustration below shows the elements needed to connect the force plate with a 3-channel charge amplifier (such as Tyep 5070Ax01xx). It is a ground-insulated measuring chain with 3-wire cable. Fig.

  • Page 17: 3-Component Force Measurement

    For information about the maximum space of the force application point please see chapter 8.1. If there is a possibility of the acting loads damaging the dynamometer, please contact your Kistler Customer Service Center, where an analysis can be carried out for your load case.

  • Page 18: Force And Moment Measurement With 6 Components (F X , F Y , F Z , M X , M Y , M

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 4.4.3 Force and Moment Measurement with 6 Components (F The illustration below shows the elements needed to connect the force plate with an 8-channel charge amplifier (such as Type 5070Ax11xx). It is a ground-insulated measuring chain with 8-wire cable. Fig.
  • Page 19 Assembly, Installation and Putting Into Operation The individual forces and torques can be calculated as follows: x1+2 x3+4 y1+4 y2+3 b · (F – F – F ) · kM a · (–F – F ) · kM b · (–F ) ·...

  • Page 20: Operation

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 5. Operation 5.1 Range Selection Use of charge amplifiers with sensitivity adjustment (such as Type 5070A…) is recommended for the force plate. Adjust the sensitivities according to the data in the calibration sheets fort he channels F and F .
  • Page 21 Operation a Set the amplifier to <Reset>. Select the range for F as follows: 1 · 10 N/V (amplifier to <Long Time Constant>) b Switch the amplifier to <Operate> c Apply F (put the machine tool into operation) d After reading and/or recording the force, switch the amplifier back to <Reset>, so that the charge corresponding to F is led off...

  • Page 22: Usable Frequency Range

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Usable Frequency Range At the upper frequency limit the frequency behaviour of the force plate shows oscillation with relatively little damping. Frequencies up to about one-third of the natural frequency can be resolved without excessive measuring errors.
  • Page 23 Operation Rule of thumb The better the force link (dynamometer) is mounted on the bench support and the better the part used to introduce the force is mounted on the link the higher the resonant frequency and hence the useful frequency of the measuring system.
  • Page 24 Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Fig. 10: Frequency responses of Type 9253B11/B12 9253B_002-050e-07.24 Page 22...
  • Page 25 Operation The x-axis of the diagramms shows the frequency range. The x-axis of the diagramms is the frequency in a logarithmic scale. The force plate was excited by tapping with an instrumented impulse hammer. Fig. 11: Frequency responses of Type 9253B11/B12 and Type 9253B23 9253B_002-050e-07.24 Page 23...

  • Page 26: Temperature Influences

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… 5.4 Temperature Influences The temperature coefficient of the sensitivity (sensitivity change with temperature, the entire force plate being at the same temperature) is negligibly small. Temperature changes on the other hand give rise to an error signal in the form of a zero drift.

  • Page 27: Maintenance

    Quality management systems such as those to ISO 9001 require documentation and periodic recalibration of the measuring instruments. Kistler recommends having such recalibration performed every two years. 9253B_002-050e-07.24 Page 25...

  • Page 28: Maintenance Tasks

    Visible scratches and scoring may be removed with a grindstone.  Clean the exposed connector of the sensor or the connecting cable regularly with a cleaner such as Kistler's cleaning spray Type 1003 or white spirit. 9253B_002-050e-07.24 Page 26...

  • Page 29: Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting 7. Troubleshooting 7.1 Diagnosis and Rectification of Faults The following chart lists typical causes of faults and methods of rectification. Please contact your Kistler distributor if you cannot rectify a fault. Fault Cause Rectification No measurement signal at the...

  • Page 30: Defective Multicomponent Force Plate

     If a major repair is involved, you will receive a cost estimate.  Kistler will endeavor to repair your force plate as quickly as possible and at minimum cost, and to return it as good as new.

  • Page 31: Technical Data

    Technical Data 8. Technical Data Please note that all of the technical data and all other information in this section are subject to change at any time without prior notice. 8.1 3-Component-Dynamometer Type 9253B… Type 9253B11/ 9253B21/ 9253B23 Range –10 ... 10 –15 ...
  • Page 32 Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Envelope of space in which the point of force application may lie for exploiting all force ranges simultaneously and fully: Fig. 12: Envelope of space in which the point of force application may lie Dimensions Fig.
  • Page 33 Technical Data Fig. 14: Type 9253B12 (aluminium top plate with tapped holes) Fig. 15: Type 9253B21 (steel top plate, smooth) 9253B_002-050e-07.24 Page 31...

  • Page 34: Accessories

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Fig. 16: Type 9253B22 (steel top plate with tapped holes) Fig. 17: Type 9253B23 (steel top plate with T-slots) 8.2 Accessories The accessories included in the scope of supply are shown in the current price list. For the multicomponant force plate the following accessories are obtainable: Type...

  • Page 35: Annex

    Cable capacitance The cable capacitance, and thus the length of the connecting cable, has no noteworthy influence on the measuring result when Kistler special cables and Kistler charge amplifiers are used. Calibrated range Measuring range or part of the measuring range for which the sensor has been calibrated.
  • Page 36 Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Disturbance Quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of the measurement. The contributions are expressed in terms of the measurand related to the acting quantity. Examples: • additional bending moment acts on a force sensor: M →...
  • Page 37 Repeated loading (1 … 3 times) of a calibration object prior Prestress to the calibration cycles applied for eliminating stresses within the object and/or for ensuring a rigid force application. Describes the ability of Kistler sensors and charge amplifiers quasistatic to undertake short-term measurements or DC-similar measurements. Range see "Measuring range"...
  • Page 38 Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Sensitivity Nominal value or calibrated value stated in the calibration certificate of the change in the response of a sensor divided by the corresponding change in the value of the measurand. Note: sensitivity of piezoresistive and strain gage sensors is additionally dependent on the excitation current or voltage.

  • Page 39: Measurement Uncertainty

    Laboratory charge amplifier ±1 % FSO Industrial charge amplifier Higher accuracy can be achieved with the following procedures:  Calibration in the Kistler factory Calibration with charge amplifier Type 5395A  Restriction of the temperature range  Random errors, precision, reproducibility...

  • Page 40: Linearity

    Errors due to zero drift caused by influences changing with time, such as the temperature, are thus basically excluded. With Kistler piezoelectric measuring chains, a typical repeatability within 0,1 %FSO can be assumed. 9.3 Linearity...
  • Page 41 Annex Best straight line – mathematical definition The minimization of maximum deviation is known as Chebyshev’s approximation. The best straight line is determined as follows: x = measurand (reference)   Q = sensor charge signal or output signal from the charge amplifier Q (x) = calibration curve, rising and falling ...
  • Page 42 Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Hysteresis The maximum difference in output, at any measurand value within the specified range, when the value is approached first increasing and then decreasing measurand (source: ANSI/ISA-S37.1). Note: The quartz crystal itself has a scarcely measurable hysteresis.

  • Page 43: Frequency Range

    Annex 9.4 Frequency Range Because of their mechanical quality, piezoelectric sensors have very low damping. The useful frequency range is limited in the upwards direction by the increasing resonance rise. Key: f Measuring frequency Natural frequency Amplitude ratio The following approximate values apply to the amplitude error or achievable accuracy as a function of frequency: Accuracy 10 % ...
  • Page 44 Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… In their dynamic behavior, piezoelectric sensors are superior to all other measuring methods. Their high rigidity results in the highest possible natural frequencies. Piezoelectric sensors are thus ideal for measuring measurands which change rapidly over time. Their dynamic behavior is thereby largely determined by the surrounding structure.

  • Page 45: Influence Of Temperature

    Annex 9.5 Influence of Temperature Temperature changes during a measurement result in an error signal in the form of a zero drift. In critical applications, we recommend that protection be provided for the sensor as far as possible against changes in temperature.

  • Page 46: Total Pages

    Multicomponent Force Plate, Type 9253B… Temperature gradient error (dynamic error) A temporary change in the output signal is denoted as temperature gradient error, when the temperature of the environment or surrounding medium changes with a certain rate. In this case, the sensor is not in thermal equilibrium with the environment.

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