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bot'n roll ONE A+ User Manual

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  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual CONTENTS Introduction ............................4 1.1. Bot’n Roll ONE A+ ........................4 1.1.1. Bot’n Roll ONE A+ - To Whom Is It For? ................4 1.1.2. Bot’n Roll ONE A+ Main Characteristics ................5 1.1.3.
  • Page 3 Configuring the communication with the robot ......Error! Bookmark not defined. 6.4. Configuring Communication with the Robot ................43 6.5. Loading a Program to Bot'n Roll ONE A+ ................. 44 Bot'n Roll ONE A+ Hardware Test ......................2 7.1. “L” LED ............................2 7.2.
  • Page 4 Obstacle Sensors ........................5 7.10. Motors Calibration ........................6 Extras ..............................7 Anex ..............................8 9.1. Bot'n Roll ONE A+ Electronic board Components List ............... 8 9.2. Electric Schematics ........................9 ©Copyright 2025, SAR - Soluções de Automação e Robótica, Lda.

  • Page 5: Introduction

    Those who wish to get started in robotics find in Bot'n Roll ONE A+ the ideal tool to assemble a robot while not having the basic knowledge on robotics.

  • Page 6: Bot'n Roll One A+ Main Characteristics

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 1.1.2. BOT’N ROLL ONE A+ MAIN CHARACTERISTICS Microcontrollers: 1 ATmega328 + 1 PIC18F45K22 Supply Voltage: 7V to 15V DC Digital I/O's: 14 (6 of which allow PWM) Analog Inputs: 6 (ATmega328) + 8 (PIC18F45K22) Dedicated Outputs for servo control: 2 (PIC18F45K22) Encoders Inputs: 2 (PIC18F45K22) I2C Connectors: 4 (ATmega328)

  • Page 7: Bot'n Roll One A+ General Overview

    Push Buttons Double H Bridge to drive the motors LCD contrast and light adjustment 16X2 alfanumeric LCD Caster Wheel and robot tilt adjustment Fig. 1: Bot'n Roll One A+ general overview ©Copyright 2025, SAR - Soluções de Automação e Robótica, Lda.

  • Page 8: Robotics

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 1.2. ROBOTICS 1.2.1. HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION The word "robot" was first used in a theatre play "RUR" (Rossum's Universal Robots) written in 1920 by Karel Capek, a Czech playwright. In this piece, a character built several artificial men and used them to replace men work. It was the first time someone used this word to designate "artificial man".

  • Page 9: Main Events And Societies Related With Robotics

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 1.2.3. MAIN EVENTS AND SOCIETIES RELATED WITH ROBOTICS RoboCup® - http://www.robocup.org/ The RoboCup is a Robot world wide initiative for research and education, whose main objective is to promote artificial intelligence and robotics in general. Having a football game as the main challenge, new technologies are developed in all areas of robotics, so that a team of robots can win the human world champions in the year 2050.

  • Page 10: Electronics - Definitions

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 1.3. ELECTRONICS – DEFINITIONS The electronics is the branch of science that studies the use of circuits consisting of electrical and electronic components, with the main aim to transform, transmit process and store energy. The electronics is the branch of physics that studies the issue and the effect of electrons and their use in electronic devices.

  • Page 11: Bot'n Roll One A+ Components

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual BOT’N ROLL ONE A+ COMPONENTS When you first open your Bot'n Roll ONE A+ kit please verify that it contains the following components: Acrylic base Printed circuit Board 3 component bags: • Major components •...
  • Page 12 Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual Fig. 5: Bot'n Roll ONE A+ Components 1 - Box with mechanic components containing: • Two driving wheels • Battery accessories for placing and connection • Motor supports • Caster wheel • One Phillips screwdriver •...

  • Page 13: Battery

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual BATTERY Put the battery to charge utilizing the charger included with your kit before you begin the robot assembly. This way the battery will be ready to use when you finish building your robot! The provided battery is a Ni-MH (nickel metal hydride), 12V rated voltage and 800mAh rated current.

  • Page 14: Bot'n Roll One A+ Assembly

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual BOT’N ROLL ONE A+ ASSEMBLY The Bot'n Roll ONE A+ assembly is carried out in three steps: 1 – Mechanical Assembly 2 – Electronic Assembly 3 – Electrical Wiring TIP: Put the battery to charge when you start building your robot, so that after assembling it is ready to use.

  • Page 15: Motors

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.1.1. MOTORS The setting of each motor is performed using a motor support with two M3 embedded nuts, two M3x6mm PH1 screws and two M3x12m PH1 screws. You need a Phillips PH1 screwdriver and a 1.5mm hex Fig.

  • Page 16: Driving Wheels

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.1.2. DRIVING WHEELS The Bot'n roll ONE A+ moves around using two drive wheels that are connected to the motors. They are made of plastic with a rubber coating. In order to attach each wheel, it is necessary to use an engagement “hub”, a hexagon M3x3mm bolt and a...

  • Page 17: Caster Wheel

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.1.3. CASTER WHEEL The caster wheel is necessary to support the robot, and it is used to adjust the inclination according to your needs. Therefore, you have to adjust the robot height in its rear. To place the caster wheel, two M5x20mm PH2 screws and six M5 nuts are used.

  • Page 18: Electronics Assembly

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2. ELECTRONICS ASSEMBLY For the electronics assembly you require the following tools (not supplied with the robot): • Soldering iron • Soldering wire • De-soldering pump • Cutting pliers Fig. 16: Required material for electronics assembly IMPORTANT NOTE: In this stage, all electronic components are soldered to the Printed Circuit Board.

  • Page 19: Resistors

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.2. RESISTORS Electrical resistance is the name given to an element that opposes the passage of electric current (direct or alternating). Usually a resistance is represented by the letter R and its unit of measurement by the Ohm (Ω). Fig.
  • Page 20 10 KΩ 1 KΩ 1 KΩ 120 Ω 120 Ω Fig. 20: Bot'n Roll ONE A+ resistors Tip: First, place all the resistances in the proper places slightly bending the terminals of each resistance. Press the resistance against the desk before applying the solder process.

  • Page 21: Diodes

    This allows it to be used in Bot'n Roll ONE A+ as a protection element in the battery measurement circuit. It works as a voltage limiter. To its terminals, voltage never rises above 5.1 V and thus the PIC18F45K22 will never...

  • Page 22: Crystal Oscillator

    Like traditional watches, which also use a crystal, the usage of a Fig. 26: Crystal Oscillator crystal makes the Bot'n Roll ONE A+ a very accurate machine to measure time. On the printed circuit board serigraphy, the crystal oscillator is represented by “XTAL”.

  • Page 23: Potentiometers

    A potentiometer is a variable resistor, i.e., its value can be adjusted, and this way, one can control the intensity of the current flowing in a given circuit. In Bot'n Roll ONE A+, potentiometers allow adjustment of the obstacle sensor detection distance, the contrast Fig.

  • Page 24: Coloured Leds

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.8. COLOURED LEDS An LED – Light Emitting Diode, consists of a PN junction of a semiconductor material and two terminals, the anode (A, positive terminal) and cathode (K, negative terminal). The colour of the light emitted by the LED depends on the semiconductor material.

  • Page 25: Buzzer

    The main switch allows you to power the robot ON and OFF. It must be soldered on SW "Switch". Bot'n Roll ONE A+ will be powered ON when you slide the switch to the front side of the robot. It will be OFF if you slide the switch back! Fig.

  • Page 26: Ceramic Capacitors

    Fig. 37: Capacitor: (a) monolithic, (b) electrolytic Description Component Inscription 100nF 104K Bot'n Roll ONE A+ uses ceramic capacitors with two 100nF 104K distinct values: 22pF and 100nF. 100nF 104K The 22pF capacitor has the legend 22 and the 100nF...

  • Page 27: Motors And Encoders Connectors

    4.2.14. BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals. On Bot'n Roll ONE A+ it is used in the obstacles detection circuit to increase the power of the light emitted by the infrared LED's.

  • Page 28: Arduino Connectors

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.15. ARDUINO CONNECTORS Description Component Header, 3-Pin, Dual row male ICSP Header, 6-Pin female The set of five connectors allows the Header, 8-Pin female connection of Arduino Compatible “shields”, Header, 10-Pin female like the wireless XBee communication shield. Header, 10-Pin female POWER...

  • Page 29: Jumpers

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.16. JUMPERS A jumper is a connector that allows you to electrically configure the robot, directing the electric current to certain areas of the circuit Bot'n Roll ONE A+ has one 2-positions jumper. Description Component Header, 3-Pin, male PSEL 2-positions jumper The 2-positions jumper PSEL "Power Selection"...

  • Page 30: Electrolytic Capacitors

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.19. ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS Electrolytic capacitors have polarized terminals! As such, when placed on the printed circuit board, you have to respect their polarity. They should be placed on C8 and C9 with the longest terminal inserted into the location identified by the symbol "+"...

  • Page 31: Heat Sink

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.22. HEAT SINK A heat sink is a metallic object that reduces the working temperature of a component. It avoids the component to be damaged due to excessive temperature and increases its lifetime. Description Component 7805...

  • Page 32: Fuse And Fuse Holder

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.24. FUSE AND FUSE HOLDER A fuse is a protective device comprising of a metallic conductor that melts as soon as the electric current flowing through it exceeds the specified value To protect against short circuits a 4A fuse with a fuse-holder is used.

  • Page 33: Infrared Receivers

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.26. INFRARED RECEIVERS The infrared receivers are sensors that detect infrared light reflected by obstacles. This light is emitted by the infrared Description Component LEDs as a 56 KHz modulated signal, i.e. each LED turns on IRR1 VISHAY TSSP4056 and off 56,000 times per second! If the LEDs do not emit at...

  • Page 34: Lcd

    Component program or the value of variables. 1x16 connector The Bot'n Roll ONE A+LCD is alphanumeric, has 2 lines with 16 characters each. It has adjustable contrast and brightness. To hold the LCD a 16 pins header connector, two M3x10 PH1 screws, two nylon spacers and two M3 nuts are provided.

  • Page 35: Usb-Serial Converter Protection Casing

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.2.28. USB-SERIAL CONVERTER PROTECTION CASING The USB-Serial converter is a component that is subject to constant physical stress resulting from the introduction and removal of the USB cable. A 3D printed PLA plastic casing was developed to “embrace”...

  • Page 36: Wiring And Testing

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.3. WIRING AND TESTING 4.3.1. CONNECTING THE BATTERY VERY IMPORTANT NOTE: Short-Circuiting the battery might initiate a fire! Never connect the battery to the robot before finishing all connections! Before removing the battery cable from the "Bat" connector, ensure that the battery is NOT connected to the cable! The battery connector is plugged in “Bat”.
  • Page 37 Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual Possible cause / Inspection Solution The battery is not properly inserted on Insert the battery correctly and check that the connector the connector. tab is latched. The battery wires are not properly Check whether the wires are securely fastened to the connected to the Bot’n Roll ONE A+ "Bat"...

  • Page 38: Integrated Circuits Placement

    PIC18F45K22: 40-pins processing unit (PIC). ATmega328: 28-pins processing unit (Arduino). LS7184: 8-pins integrated circuit. NOTE: Before inserting the integrated circuits ensure that the Bot'n Roll ONE A+ is powered OFF. It may be necessary to align the pins of integrated circuits before inserting them on the sockets.

  • Page 39: Line Sensor

    The backward configuration allows Bot'n Roll ONE A to easily overcome steep ramps because the line follower is placed beside the wheels. However, it is more difficult to control the robot, in terms of software, to follow the line.

  • Page 40: Fixing The Pcb On The Acrylic Base

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 4.3.5. FIXING THE PCB ON THE ACRYLIC BASE Fixing the robot board to the acrylic base is carried out by using 6 sets of: • 1x 12mm PLA spacer; • 1x M3x8 PH1 screw •...

  • Page 41: Battery Placement

    Glue the two velcro strips to the battery pressing hard for proper attachment. Afterwards, remove the stickers protection to place the battery on the robot. Put the battery on the Bot'n Roll ONE A+ pressing again for a good grip. Attention not to damage the components on the robot board!

  • Page 42: Installing The Usb-Serial (Rs232) Converter Vcp Driver

    Bot'n Roll ONE A+ and transfer programs to the robot. The USB-Serial converter used in the Bot'n Roll ONE A+ is a PoUSB12 from PoLabs, which uses the CP2102 Bridge device from Silicon Labs.

  • Page 43: Arduino Programming Environment

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual ARDUINO PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT The software used for programming the robot is Arduino IDE 2.0. This application is necessary for editing programs in C++ language. It is also used to transfer your programs to the Bot’n Roll ONE A+. 6.1.

  • Page 44: Configuring Communication With The Robot

    Choose the board “Arduino Uno” and the corresponding COM port to program the Bot'n Roll ONE A+. Fig. 70: Selecting the Serial port If no COM port is available, it is most likely that you have not correctly installed the VCP driver for the USB-to-Serial converter.

  • Page 45: Loading A Program To Bot'n Roll One A

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 6.4. LOADING A PROGRAM TO BOT'N ROLL ONE A + In the Arduino programming environment, you will find several example programs that you can load onto the robot. Click on “File -> Examples -> 01.Basics ->...
  • Page 46 After your robot have successfully passed the electrical test (section 4.3.2 of this manual), it is necessary to test all Bot'n Roll ONE A+ devices individually and verify they are operating correctly. You will have to program the robot with the corresponding sample codes and perform the test described on each of the following points listed, in the presented order! 7.1.

  • Page 47: Lcd

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 7.4. LCD Load the “LCD” program located on “File -> Examples -> BnrOneAPlus -> Basic -> LCD” to the robot. When the upload ends, you should see the "LCD Test OK !!" message on the LCD. Should you not see the message, check that: •...

  • Page 48: Battery

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 7.6. BATTERY Load the "Battery" program located on "File -> Examples -> BnrOneAPlus -> Basic -> Battery" to the robot. When the upload ends, you should see the battery voltage value on the LCD. If the voltage value is not between 9.0V and 14.0V, check that: •...

  • Page 49: Infrared Led's

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 7.8. INFRARED LED'S Load the “_01_EmittersOnOff” program located on “File -> Examples -> BnrOneAPlus-> ObstaclesSensor -> _01_EmittersOnOff” to the robot. When the upload ends, the infrared LED’s will commute each second with its respective status information shown on the LCD. Use a mobile phone camera (without infrared filters) to check that LEDs are blinking, since human eyes cannot see this type of light.

  • Page 50: Motors Calibration

    This calibrating process must be done whenever you switch the battery for another with a different nominal voltage or the motors for others with different nominal rotation or gear ratio. Your Bot'n Roll ONE A+ is now complete and functional! Use your imagination and explore the fantastic world of Robotics… Congratulations!

  • Page 51: Extras

    A wide range of components can be integrated in your Bot'n Roll ONE A+ and thus increasing its functionalities. Arduino compatible shields as wireless XBee, Bluetooth, RF, GPS, GPRS and sensors like line follower, sonar, compass, encoders and any I2C device can be added to your Bot'n Roll ONE A+ and imagination is the limit! Also a Raspberry pi add-on bringing even more possibilities to take your robot to the next level! On the extras user manual you will find a detailed description of some of these components.

  • Page 52: Bot'n Roll One A+ Electronic Board Components List

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual ANNEX 9.1. BOT'N ROLL ONE A+ ELECTRONIC BOARD COMPONENTS LIST Description Description 1M Ohm Resistor Header 3X2 120 Ohm Resistor Header 3 3k3 Ohm Resistor Header 6 10K Ohm Resistor Header 8 1K Ohm Resistor...

  • Page 53: Electric Schematics

    Bot’n Roll ONE A+ User Assembling Manual 9.2. ELECTRIC SCHEMATICS ©Copyright 2025, SAR - Soluções de Automação e Robótica, Lda.

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