Table of contents General information About this document General information Symbols used General safety instructions Standards and guidelines Additional standards and guidelines Technical data Labelling Type code Nameplate Operating data Intended use Operational limits Use not as intended Requisite NPSH values Noise levels Weight table for type KF Weight table for type KV...
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Table of Contents Maintenance requirement Maintenance of seal Maintaining the mechanical seal General drawing of the pump with coupling and motor General drawing Replacing the coupling Removing the coupling Installing the coupling General drawing of the pump General drawing Replacing the mechanical seal Removing the mechanical seal Installing the mechanical seal Replacing the radial shaft seal Domsel type...
– Only suitably qualified and trained personnel are allowed to fit, remove and install the equipment. • Do not use KRAL pumps beyond the operational limits stated on the nameplate and in the operating data of the technical data section, see "Operating data", page 4. If the operating data do not match the details on the nameplate, contact the manufacturer to resolve the matter.
• EN 62079 (Preparation of Instructions) • VDMA 24292 (Operating Instructions for Pumps and Pump Units Additional standards and guidelines The enclosed Manufacturer’s Declaration provides information about additional safety regulations and standards that were taken into consideration in the design of KRAL pumps.
Technical data Labelling Type code Different types of KRAL pumps are available. The type code specifies the type of pump construction. <1> Model KV - 851.AAA.000372 <2> Size <3> Shaft seal type <4> Pressure stage <5> Heating system <6> Version index Fig.
Operating data Intended use KRAL screw pumps of the K series are designed solely to deliver lubricating fluids that are chemically inert and have no gas or solids content. The pumps must only be used within the operational limits described in this section.
Technical data Pump sizes K 5– 42 K 55–118 K 160–275 K 370–450 K 550–660 K 851–1301 K 1501–1701 Pressure [bar] Max. temperature [°C] • with standard mechanical seal • with mechanical seal of resistant material • with radial shaft seal NBR •...
Technical data Falling below or exceeding the Consequences of not keeping within the operational limits limit Suction pressure too low • Noise develops as a result of cavitation • Delivery rate drops Suction pressure too high • Damage to shaft seal •...
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Technical data Pump size Viscosity Rotation speed [1/min] 1450 1750 2900 3500 K 7,5 K 10 K 15 K 20 K 32 K 42 K 55 K 74 K 85 K105...
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Technical data Pump size Viscosity Rotation speed [1/min] 1450 1750 2900 3500 K 118 K 160 K 210 – – K 235 – – K 275 – – K 370 – – K 450 – – – K 550 – –...
Technical data Pump size Viscosity Rotation speed [1/min] 1450 1750 2900 3500 K 1101 – – – – K 1301 – – – – K 1501 – – – – K 1701 – – – – Tab. 3 Requisite NPSH values Noise levels The table below shows the noise levels to be expected from the equipment during operation, in accordance with the pump size:...
Technical data Heating The different pump sizes can be supplied with or without a heating system. The type code gives information about the type of construction, see Fig. 1, page 3. The following types are available: • without ancillary heating •...
Functional description General drawing of a screw pump with coupling and motor Fig. 2 Structure of a screw pump with coupling and motor <K1>pump <K4>motorside coupling part <K2>pumpside coupling part <K5>motor <K3>coupling intermediate ring Characteristics of screw pumps • High power density The axial flow allows comparatively good delivery rates relative to the pump size.
Functional description Screw set and casing Screw pumps belong to the group of pumps known as rotary positive displacement pumps. The special shaping of these pumps allows virtually leakproof engagement of the three intermeshing screws <7>, <13>. Closed volumes are formed in conjunction with the pump casing <3> covering the set of screws.
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Functional description Radial shaft seal: Fig. 3 Structure of a K-pump with radial shaft seal <R1>plugscrew <R3>circlip <R2>radial shaft seal <R4>plugscrew At the use of a radial shaft seal the leakage holes are closed, as this type of shaft seal is positioned so close to the motor, that the drain chamber is included in the sealing chamber.
Functional description At the operation of non-volatile media or liquids, which are likely to harden at contact with the atmosphere, a mechanical seal can be used together with a radial shaft seal. Thus the sealing chamber is joined with a quench container via the leakage holes. As a result the liquid side of the mechanical seal can always be hold under exclusion of air.
KRAL screw pumps of the K series have an integrated valve of this type. The valve is accessible via a plugscrew <1> in the end cover and can be adjusted from the outside. When it leaves the factory, the opening pressure of the valve is set at 110% of the nominal pressure.
Functional description Heating As an option, pumps can be equipped with ancillary heating. This is advisable for high-viscosity media, which unless heated do not flow freely enough, which would lead to excessive power consumption and to problems with cavitation or sealing. Electrical and medium heating systems are described below.
Transportation, storage and disposal Transportation Raising the pump Fig. 1 Raising a pump with free shaft end Requirement: • Separate lifting accessories of the correct size • The hoisting gear used must comply with local directives and accident prevention regulations DANGER! Risk of injury and/or damage to equipment should the pump fall.
Transportation, storage and disposal Raising the pump unit Fig. 2 Raising a pump unit Requirement: • Separate lifting accessories of the correct size • The hoisting gear used must comply with local directives and accident prevention regulations DANGER! Risk of injury and/or damage to equipment should the pump unit fall. Use correctly proportioned and intact separate lifting accessories.
Transportation, storage and disposal Storage and preservation Storage During the test run, the internal components of the pump are wetted with test oil, which has a preservative effect. The pipe connections are fitted with protective caps. Unless otherwise specified, the external components of the pump are preserved with a single-coat PU-based two- pack paint.
Transportation, storage and disposal Disposal Safe disposal It is essential to comply with the following safety instruction during disposal: • Comply with local disposal regulations. Disposing of the pump Resources: • Solvent or industrial cleaner suitable for the pumped medium 1.
Installation, removal and connection Installation Locating the pump Screw pumps can be operated in any mounting position. However, we recommend that you do not mount the pump above the motor, as should there be a leak, the pumped medium could get inside the motor.
Installation, removal and connection Installing the pump If the piping system has to be flushed out with the pump, the pump must be protected by a startup filter to stop particles of dust getting inside. The mesh width of the startup filter is relevant to the size of the pump.
Installation, removal and connection WARNING! Any mechanical tension may damage equipment or impair operation. Make sure that the pump mounting on the piping system is free of mechanical stress. 1. Turn the pump shaft or the fan impeller of the motor. This is to test that the pump runs smoothly.
Installation, removal and connection 1. Check the linear offset <c> of the coupling with a slide gauge or feeler gauge. If the limits in the above table are exceeded, loosen the pump or motor attachment and move the unit to accomodate the linear offset <c>. 2.
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Installation, removal and connection DANGER! Electric shock can endanger life. Only allow authorised and qualified personnel to disconnect the pump. Make sure that the electricity supply is not live. DANGER! When removing the pump, you are at risk of injury from escaping hot, toxic or caustic pumped media.
Operation Startup Filling the pump There are three possible ways to fill the pump: • via the shut-off device on the suction side • via the shut-off device on the pressure side • via the vent holes <1> seal vent hole <2>...
Operation Checking the direction of rotation The direction of rotation and the direction of flow are indicated by arrows on the pump. The direction of rotation of the motor gives the direction of rotation of the pump. That is to say, the fan impeller of the motor must rotate in the direction in which the arrow on the pump is pointing to indicate direction of rotation.
An overflow valve is integrated into KRAL pumps of the K series. The overflow valve prevents too high a pressure building up in the pump. The overflow valve is set to 110 % of nominal pressure at the factory. This opening pressure must not be exceeded in normal pump operation, otherwise the opening pressure of the valve will have to be reset.
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Operation Requirement: • Pump in operation • Pressure gauge on the pressure side of the pump Resource: • Allen key for each pump size in accordance with the following table Pump size DIN 908 Hexagon socket K 5–20 R 1/4 " SW 6 K 32–...
Operation Pump shutdown Switching off the pump Requirement: • Pump in operation WARNING! Pressurizing the pump while it is at a standstill may damage the pump seals. Make sure that while the pump is at a standstill, the pressure in the pump does not exceed the inlet pressure during operation.
Servicing Maintenance Maintenance requirement The service life of the pump is heavily dependent on the pump operating conditions. If the operational limits are adhered to, see "Operating data", page 4, the pump will last for many years. Symptoms of advanced wear in individual pump components can be detected in accordance with the following table.
Servicing Maintenance of seal Maintaining the mechanical seal When operating the pump with low volatile liquids (e.g. heavy fuel oil) the regular small amounts of leakage may form solid deposits on the atmospheric side of the seal. During long-term operation the increasing abrasive components may pile up to such an extent that a free drainage of the leakage is not ensured anymore.
Servicing General drawing of the pump with coupling and motor General drawing Fig. 1 Exploded view of a K-pump with coupling and motor <K1>pump <K7>motor <K2>socket screws <K8>hexagon screws <K3>distance sleeve <K9>socket screws <K4>pump side coupling part <K10>pump bracket <K5>coupling intermediate ring <K11>pump pedestal <K6>motor side coupling part...
Servicing Replacing the coupling Removing the coupling Requirement: • Pump dismantled, see "Removing the Pump", page 28 1. Before starting to disassemble the aggregate use suitable covers to protect the pump internals from dirt and solid bodies. 2. Remove hexagon screws <K8> which connect motor <K7>...
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Servicing 4. Open fixation screw of the motor side coupling part <K6>. 5. Remove coupling part <K6> with suitable extrac- tor. 6. Open socket screws <K2> which connect pump <K1> and pump bracket <K10>. 7. Lift the pump bracket <K10> together with pump pedestal <K11>...
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Servicing 8. Remove fixation screw of the pump side coupling part <K4>. 9. Take off the coupling part <K4> by means of suit- able levers. 10. Take off the coupling distance sleeve <K3> from the shaft.
Servicing Installing the coupling Requirement • Replacement coupling available 1. Slide distance sleeve of the coupling <K3> onto the pump shaft until it is flush with the bearing circlip. 2. Slide pump side coupling part <K4> onto the pump shaft until it is flush with the distance sleeve <K3>.
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Servicing 4. Put the pump bracket <K10> with pump pedestal <K11> onto the pump. 5. Tighten connecting screws <K2> of pump and pump bracket. 6. Measure distance X between front face of cou- pling part and connecting surface of pump brack- 7.
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Servicing Check distance between front face of coupling gears and connecting surface of motor flange. Ad- just to the value x - c (see Tab. 2, page 27). 9. Insert elastic coupling intermediate ring <K5> and tighten fixation screw at the coupling part <K6>. 10.
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Servicing 12. Tighten connecting screws <K8> of motor and pump bracket. 13. Remove protective covers only just before con- necting the pump unit to the pipe system.
Servicing Replacing the mechanical seal Removing the mechanical seal Requirement: • Pump dismantled, see "Removing the Pump", page 28 1. Unscrew the four socket screws <21> on the flange cover <14>. 2. Loosen the flange cover <14> with gentle "re- bound"...
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Servicing 4. Detach the circlip <17>. 5. Remove the support ring <18>. 6. Expel the main screw <39> with the mechanical seal <30>–<35> by gently driving it out of the bearing <20> with a soft hammer. 7. Press the counter ring <31> of the mechanical seal cautiously out of the flange cover <14>...
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Servicing 8. Remove o-ring <30> from flange cover <14> , if it has not been removed together with the coun- ter ring <31>. 9. Gently turn the rotating ring <32> with conical spring <35>, thrust ring <34> and o-ring <33>, to push them down from the main screw <39>.
Servicing Installing the mechanical seal Requirement: • Replacement seal available • New flat gasket available 1. Carefully remove the remains of the flat gasket <9> from the flange cover <14> and pump casing <6>. 2. Carefully clean the supporting surface of the o- ring in the flange cover <14>.
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Servicing 4. Insert the counter ring <31> with drawn-on o-ring <30>into the flange cover <14>. Make sure that the dowel pin <22> for the locking element is sit- ting in the notch of the counter ring. 5. Press the counter ring <31> flush into the flange cover <14>...
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Servicing 8. Carefully clean the slide surfaces of rotating ring <32> and counter ring <31> with cleaning spirit. 9. Administer a drop of resin-free lubricating oil to the slide surfaces of rotating ring <32> and coun- ter ring <31>. Do not touch the slide surfaces thereafter.
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Servicing 12. To fix the main screw <39>, fit the circlip <17>. 13. Place the new flat gasket <9> onto the pump cas- ing <6>. Carefully grease the sealing surfaces. 14. Turn the preassembled unit until the vent hole in the flange cover <14>...
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Servicing 16. Tighten the four socket screws <21> on the flange cover <14>.
Servicing Replacing the radial shaft seal Domsel type Removing the radial shaft seal Requirement: • Pump dismantled, see "Removing the Pump", page 28 1. Unscrew the four socket screws <21> on the flange cover <14>. 2. Loosen the flange cover <14> with gentle "re- bound"...
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Servicing 4. Detach the circlip <17>. 5. Remove the support ring <18>. 6. Expel the main screw <39> by gently driving it out of the bearing <20> with a soft hammer. 7. Remove the circlip <26>.
Servicing 8. Remove the radial shaft seal <27>. If manual dis- mantling is impossible, use an appropriate arbor. Normally dismantling destroys the shaft seal. Installing the radial shaft seal Requirement: • Replacement seal available • New flat gasket available 1. Carefully remove the remains of the flat gasket <9>...
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Servicing 3. Prepare a suitable arbor for the assembly of the radial shaft seal. The arbor has to lie flush on the support surface of the seal and must not have any sharp edges in the area of the sealing lip. 4.
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Servicing 7. Grease-in the gap of the radial shaft seal <27> with MoS -paste (type Fenkart T4 or the like). 8. Before mounting the main screw <39> slide-on a suitable sleeve to protect the radial shaft seal <27> against possible damages caused by key or shaft shoulder.
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Servicing 11. Insert the ball bearing <20>. 12. Press-in the ball bearing <20> into the flange cov- er <14>. 13. Slide-on the support ring <18> and mount the cir- clip <17> to fix the main screw. 14. Place the new flat gasket <9> onto the pump cas- ing <6>.
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Servicing 15. Turn the preassembled unit until the vent hole in the flange cover is in the same position as the as- sociated hole in the pump casing. Take care of po- sition of straight pin <25>. 16. Push the preassembled unit comprising the flange cover <14>...
Servicing Replacing the ball bearing Removing ball bearings Requirement: • Pump dismantled, see "Removing the Pump", page 28 1. Unscrew the four socket screws <21> on the flange cover <14>. 2. Loosen the flange cover <14> with gentle "re- bound" blows. 3.
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Servicing 4. Detach the circlip <17>. 5. Remove the support ring <18>. 6. Expel the main screw <39> with the mechanical seal <30>–<35> by gently driving it out of the bearing <20> with a soft hammer. 7. Loosen the circlip <19> in the flange cover <14>.
Servicing 8. Use an extractor to pull the bearing <20> out of the flange cover <14>. Installing ball bearings Requirement: • Replacement bearing available • New flat gasket available 1. Carefully remove the remains of the flat gasket <9> from the flange cover <14> and pump casing <6>.
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Servicing 3. To attach the ball bearing <20> in the flange cov- er <14>, fit the circlip <19>. 4. Carefully clean the slide surfaces of rotating ring <32> and counter ring <31> with cleaning spirit. 5. Administer a drop of resin-free lubricating oil to the slide surfaces of rotating ring <32>...
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Servicing 7. Slide-on the support ring <18>. 8. To fix the main screw <39>, fit the circlip <17>. 9. Place the new flat gasket <11> onto the pump casing <14>. Carefully grease the sealing surfac- 10. Turn the preassembled unit until the vent hole in the flange cover <14>...
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Servicing 11. Push the preassembled unit comprising flange cover <14> and the main screw <39> into the pump casing <6>, until the main screw engages in the idle screws <40>. Turn the main screw while doing this. 12. Tighten the four socket screws <21> on the flange cover <14>.
Servicing Replacing the set of screws Removing the set of screws Requirement: • Pump dismantled, see "Removing the Pump", page 28 1. Unscrew the four socket screws <21> on the flange cover <14>. 2. Loosen the flange cover <14> with gentle "re- bound"...
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Servicing 4. Detach the circlip <17>. 5. Remove the support ring <18>. 6. Expel the main screw <39> with the mechanical seal <30>–<35> by gently driving it out of the bearing <20> with a soft hammer. 7. Gently turn the rotating ring <32> with conical spring <35>, thrust ring <34>...
Servicing Remove the spacer <36> from the main screw . 9. Remove the idle screws <40> from the pump casing <6>. Installing the set of screws Requirement: • Replacement set of screws available • New flat gasket available 1. Carefully remove the remains of the flat gasket <9>...
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Servicing 2. Insert the new idle screws <40> into the pump casing <6>. 3. Carefully clean and grease the new main screw <39> in the region of the shaft seal. 4. Fit the spacer <36>. Carefully push conical spring <35>, thrust ring <34> and rotating ring <32> with o-ring <33>...
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Servicing 6. Administer a drop of resin-free lubricating oil to the slide surfaces of rotating ring <32> and coun- ter ring <31>. Do not touch the slide surfaces thereafter. 7. Press-in the main screw <39> with the seal parts pushed on, until it stops in the ball bearing <20> in the flange cover <14>.
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Servicing 10. Place the new flat gasket <9> onto the pump cas- ing <6>. Carefully grease the sealing surfaces. 11. Turn the preaseembled unit until the vent hole in the flange cover <14> is in the same position as the associated hole in the pump casing <6>. Take care of position of straight pin <25>.
Assistance with problems Troubleshooting Faultfinding reference Malfunctions can have different causes. The following table lists the symptoms of a fault, the possible causes and measures for elimination. Findings Cause and remedy No pump suction Pump suction pipe closed Check shut-off devices in the suction pipe and open it, if necessary.
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Assistance with problems Findings Cause and remedy Delivery rate too low Differential pressure at the pump too high Check the installation and reduce the differential pressure. Viscosity of the pumped medium too high Raise the temperature of the medium - or - reduce the rotation speed.
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Assistance with problems Findings Cause and remedy Pump runs noisily Dirty filter Clean the filter. Suction valve or pipe obstructed Check for clear passage through the suction valve and pipe. Leaking suction pipe or shaft seal Check suction pipe or shaft seal for leaks. Pay particular attention to leakage at valves and connection points.
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Assistance with problems Findings Cause and remedy Motor overload Motor running at wrong voltage or frequency 1. Make sure that the motor voltage and frequency match the operating voltage. 2. Compare the speed of the motor with the pump nameplate. If the data does not match, adjust the speed of the motor.
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Assistance with problems Findings Cause and remedy Leaking shaft seal Dry running has damaged the shaft seal Replace the shaft seal, see "Removing the mechanical seal", page 48. When starting up the pump, pay attention to venting. Inlet pressure too high Reduce the inlet pressure at the installation end.
Appendix General drawings Exploded view of pump with coupling and motor Fig. 1 Exploded view of a K-pump with coupling and motor Item no. Part Spare part no. Item no. Part Spare part no. <K1> pump <K7> motor <K2> socket screws 914,1 <K8>...
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