Page 1 Cessna T182T Groundschool CFC’s Cessna T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 2 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aim: • To familiarize you with the Club’s Cessna T182T, in particular, equipment, systems, speeds and procedures that are different from those of CFC’s Cessna 172s. Expected Duration: • About 5 hours total 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 3 Cessna T182T Groundschool CFC’s Cessna T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 4 Cessna T182T Groundschool CFC’s Cessna T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 5 • 87 US Gal usable fuel • Useful load 1050 lb • Cruise speed 145 KTAS @ 75% power @ 10,000 ft • 5 hours plus reserves @ 75% power with full fuel 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 6 • Things will happen faster • Need to plan descents much farther in advance • Maximum ramp weight as well as maximum takeoff weight • Maximum landing weight 150lb less than max. takeoff weight 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 7 Maximum Baggage 120 lb 200 lb Max. Ramp Weight 2300 lb 3112 lb Max. Takeoff Gross Weight 2300 lb 3100 lb Max. Landing Weight 2300 lb 2950 lb Wing Loading 13.2 lb/ft 17.8 lb/ft 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 8 930 fpm Service Ceiling 14,200 ft 20,000 ft Fuel Capacity, usable 40/50 US gal 87 US gal Power 160 hp @ 2700 rpm 235 hp @ 2400 rpm Power Loading 14.4 lb/hp 13.2 lb/hp 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 9 44 KCAS 49 KCAS Takeoff to 50’, CYBW 20°C 2175’ 1760’ Landing from 50’, CYBW 20°C 1410’ 1525’ CYBW 60 KIAS 66 KIAS CYBW 71 KIAS 82 KIAS 65 KIAS 75 KIAS glide 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 10 25 hours PIC X-Country Post PPL – Destinations outside of 100nm Radius Day VFR Above 10,000ft: • • 150 Hours Total Time • VFR OTT Rating • Mountain Checkout • 35 hours PIC X-Country Post PPL – Destinations outside of 150nm Radius 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 11 Night Rating • 100 Hours Total Time • 25 hours PIC X-Country Post PPL – Destinations outside of 100nm Radius • 10 Night PIC X-Country – May count towards 25 PIC X-Country requirement 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 12 Night Rating • IFR Rating – Group 1 or 3 • Mountain Checkout • 150 Hours Total Time • 20 Hours PIC IFR X-Country – Under IFR Flight Plan, actual or simulated IMC 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 13 Cessna T182T Groundschool How is the T182T different from the Club’s 172s? • Constant speed propeller • Turbocharged • Fuel-injected • Cowl Flaps • Rudder trim • Prop de-ice 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 14 • King electric HSI with slaved Heading Indicator (same as GYVJ) • 2-axis autopilot with altitude pre-select • Oxygen system (this plus turbocharging allows flights above 13,000 feet) • Stormscope integrated into GTN750Xi display • ADS-B traffic 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 15 Cessna T182T Groundschool Constant Speed Propellers - Basics 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 16 Cessna T182T Groundschool Constant Speed Propellers – Basics 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 17 Cessna T182T Groundschool Constant Speed Propellers – Basics With fixed pitch Climb:  Fine pitch (low blade angle)  High RPM Cruise:  Coarse pitch (high blade angle)  Low RPM 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 18 Cessna T182T Groundschool Constant Speed Propellers - Basics 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 19 • A governor varies the propeller pitch so that engine speed will remain constant despite changes in throttle or air loads. – Only works while in the governing range (blade pitch between the high and low pitch stops) 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 20 • The governor senses engine speed, compares it to the speed requested by the pilot using the prop control, and changes the oil pressure to the prop hub to change the blade pitch. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 21 This increases the load on the propeller so that the engine works harder, but doesn’t speed up. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 22 • Similarly, when the throttle is reduced to idle, the governor will reduce the blade pitch until the pitch reaches the low pitch stop, after which the engine speed will decrease. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 23 • Power is set using a combination of engine rpm and manifold pressure. • In flight, with the throttle position unchanged, reducing rpm with the prop control will cause manifold pressure to increase, and vice versa. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 24 • When increasing power, move prop control forward first, then increase the throttle. • Keep the prop ahead of the throttle! 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 25 – In cruise, when power is reduced from climb to cruise, throttle (and therefore manifold pressure) should be reduced first, then rpm reduced to the desired cruise rpm. Throttle will likely require another small adjustment once this is done. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 26 – When going from a fixed pitch to a constant speed propeller, you must cultivate the mindset that for all power changes, you must think about what has to happen with the prop, as well as what has to happen with the throttle. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 27 Cessna T182T Groundschool Turbocharging - Basics • All of our Cessna 172 engines are normally aspirated. • All normally aspirated engines lose power as they gain altitude. At around 7500, they can only develop 75% of rated power at full throttle.
Page 28 Cessna T182T Groundschool Turbocharging – Basics 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 29 • This higher pressure intake air allows the engine to deliver its rated power to much higher altitudes than if it was not turbocharged. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 30 • As the throttle is opened more, the wastegate will close further, sending more exhaust gases through the turbine and increasing the amount of intake air compression. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 31 Hg, plus or minus depending on what weather system is affecting our atmospheric pressure. • The Cessna T182T is limited to a maximum manifold pressure of 32 in. Hg. The wastegate will open to prevent 32 in. Hg from being exceeded.
Page 32 • This will be the case with most normal operations, especially at lower altitudes. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 33 – Movement of the mixture control has little or no effect on the manifold pressure. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 34 • Once the wastegate is closed, the wastegate will no longer be able to control, and any change in turbocharger speed will affect engine operation. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 35 A decrease in engine rpm will result in a decrease in manifold pressure. – manifold pressure will vary with changes in airspeed due to the effects of ram air being amplified through the compressor section. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 36 • This means that fuel flow adjustments required of the pilot are minimized – Small adjustments on takeoff or climbout for the proper rich climb setting, – Lean-out at cruise, and – Return to full rich position for approach and landing. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 37 • If overboosting persists with normal engine temperature, or if the overboost tends to exceed 3 inches, the throttle should be retarded to eliminate the overboost and the controller system, including the wastegate and relief valve, should be checked. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 38 It can be turned off when the fuel flow will remain steady with it off, and the mixture can then be adjusted accordingly. • The auxiliary fuel pump should be turned off and the mixture reset prior to descent. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 39 – Engine-driven fuel pump, plus an electric pump for priming and backup – Startup is different from carbureted engines; follow the checklist procedure – FMTF is a 172S and is fuel injected, T182T procedures similar 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 40 Cessna T182T Groundschool Fuel Injection 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 41 Cessna T182T Groundschool Engine Operation – T182T • Cessna allows cruise at engine rpms between 2000 and 2400, but recommends using the lowest rpm for a given % power that will give smooth operation. • CFC policy will be cruise at 24” Hg and 2300 or 2250rpm. This gives very close to 75% power at all altitudes and temperatures, and is selected to help ensure the longevity of the engine.
Page 42 Select the table closest to your pressure altitude. Find the line for 24” of manifold pressure at 2300 rpm. Use the % power, KTAS and fuel consumption figures for the temperature closest to your expected or actual OAT at cruising altitude. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 43 T.I.T. peaks and begins to drop, or the T.I.T. indication reaches the 1685 °F red line limit. At high cruise power settings, T.I.T. redline may be reached before the T.I.T. peaks. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 44 – Never operate on the lean side of peak T.I.T. – Any change in altitude or power setting would require re-leaning according to the above procedure. – Mixture should be richened during descent. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 45 To adjust the cowl flap position, move the lever to the right to clear the detent, move it to the desired setting, and then back to the left into the nearest detent. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 46 – Cowl flaps are normally open for taxi, takeoff and climb, and closed for cruise and descent. – As Cessna 172s do not have cowl flaps, setting cowl flaps will have to be incorporated into pre-start, cruise, descent and post-landing checks, as well as overshoot checks.
Page 47 This requires no input from the pilot, so there is no cockpit control. – This will result in a manifold pressure loss of up to 15 in. Hg at full throttle at 8000’. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 48 – Elevator trim is electric on left control wheel, as well as the usual trim wheel below the throttle quadrant – Rudder trim is a horizontal wheel, next to the elevator trim wheel. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 49 – Same as 172, except flap positions are pre-selectable to 10°, 20°, and full. – Takeoffs can be made with a maximum of 20° of flap. – When lowering flaps, make sure to move the flap lever to the right before positioning it lower. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 50 Then close and lock the window – Windows can be opened in flight up to 175 KIAS. Be aware that Bernoulli will reach in and remove anything light and loose. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 51 Should a door open in flight, slow the aircraft to 80 KIAS and trim to maintain that speed. Momentarily shove the door outward slightly, and then forcefully close and lock the door. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 52 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Systems– T182T • Fuel System: – Same as FMTF: two tanks, each with five fuel drain valves, vent on each side – Three under-fuselage fuel drains: one under the fuel selector 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 53 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Systems– T182T • Fuel System: – One under the electric fuel pump, and one under the fuel strainer. Check all thirteen. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 54 – Fuel Selector Valve is four position: Left, Both, Right, Off. – The Fuel Selector Valve must be pushed down to turn off, and to turn back to L or R; this is different from the 172s. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 55 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Systems– T182T • Brakes: – Same as for 172s 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 56 Master Switch, various annunciators, and the interior lighting – Each electrical bus has an avionic bus; electrical and avionics loads are split between the two set of buses. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 57 Low Oil Pressure Switch, the Vacuum Transducers and the Alternator Control Unit. – Illumination intensity can be controlled with the Test/Day/Night Switch; the LED bulbs can be tested by holding the switch in the Test position. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 58 POH to ensure you get it right. • Exterior Lighting: – Same as for 172s, except outside courtesy lights are operated from a switch on the pilot’s overhead console. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 59 – Pedestal lighting consists of three hooded lights located at various locations on the pedestal. These lights are controlled by the PEDESTAL LT dimmer, located below the nav indicators. The compass and ID placard lights are also controlled by this dimmer. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 60 NIGHT position for the radio lights to work. – The Pilot’s Control Wheel Map Light is controlled by a Rheostat on the bottom of the control wheel. The NAV LIGHT switch must be on for this light to work. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 61 Cessna T182T Groundschool 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 62 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Systems– T182T • Cabin Heating, Ventilating and Defroster System: – This is similar to the same system the 172, except that there is a separate defroster control knob. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 63 – Oxygen is delivered to each person through a cannula, each equipped with a vinyl plastic hose and a flow indicator. Flow indicators have adjustment knobs that can be set for different altitudes. Cannulas are only approved for use up to 18,000 feet. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 64 – The cylinder pressure should be checked prior to flight to ensure there is sufficient oxygen on board when planning a flight above 10,000 feet. A chart in the POH is used for calculation of required Oxygen pressure for the planned flight. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 65 Cessna T182T Groundschool Oxygen Tank– T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 66 – Oil or grease or other flammable substances must not come in contact with oxygen equipment. – See Procedures section for how to use the oxygen system. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 67 – A manifold with check valves allows normal vacuum system operation if either vacuum pump system should fail. – The vacuum system powers the attitude indicator. The King HSI is all electric and does not require vacuum for operation. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 68 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Systems– T182T • Stall Warning: – Vane type – Should be checked during pre-flight – It is heated, controlled by the Pitot Heat Switch 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 69 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Limitations– T182T Airspeed Limitations 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 70 Recommended Climb Power: 25 in and 2400 RPM (Set at 400 feet) Recommended Cruise Power: 24 in and 2300 RPM Maximum Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT): 500°F (260°C) Maximum Oil Temperature: 245°F (118°C) Oil Pressure : Minimum 20 PSI Maximum 115 PSI 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 71 Minimum Fuel Quantity: Minimum fuel required for the flight + 45 mins OR 46 U.S. Gallons – Whichever is greater. Oil Grade All CFC T182T aircraft must use SAE 15W50 oil. Minimum Oil Quantity is 5 QT. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 72 Aircraft Limitations– T182T Weight Limits Area A is front 27” of floor of baggage compartment Area B is back 15” of floor of baggage compartment Area C is hat shelf area of baggage compartment 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 73 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Limitations– T182T Centre of Gravity Limits 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 74 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Limitations– T182T Maneuver Limits Flight Load Factor Limits 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 75 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Limitations– T182T Fuel Limitations Minimum Fuel Quantity: 46 U.S. Gal OR Fuel required for flight + 45 min, whichever is greater 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 76 Approved Take off Range: 0° to 20°  Approved Landing Range: 0° to FULL Flap speed limitations  0° - 10° : 140 KIAS  10° - 20° : 120 KIAS  20° - FULL : 100 KIAS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 77 Cessna T182T Groundschool Aircraft Limitations– T182T Icing Conditions Although the aircraft is equipped with propeller deicing, the aircraft is not approved for flight in known icing conditions. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 78 Cessna T182T Groundschool Pre-flight Inspection– T182T • Similar to Cessna 172, with following exceptions: – If planning IFR operations, check pitot heat and heated stall warning for operation – Check stall warning (vane type) with Master Switch on – Check Low Fuel Annunciators –...
Page 79 Cessna T182T Groundschool Pre-flight Inspection– T182T • Similar to Cessna 172, with following exceptions: – On rear fuselage left side, check green Oxygen Overboard Discharge Indicator disc is present – Both wings have a fuel vent that should be checked for blockage. On the 172 it is only on the left side –...
Page 80 Cessna T182T Groundschool Pre-flight Inspection– T182T • Similar to Cessna 172, with following exceptions: – Each fuel tank has five fuel drains. Check a sample from each. – There are three fuel drains under the fuselage. Check a sample from each.
Page 81 Cessna T182T Groundschool Weight and Balance– T182T • This calculation is similar to that for the Cessna 172, with following exceptions: – There are three baggage areas, as previously described in the Limitations Section. Each baggage area has its own arm and weight limit.
Page 82 Cessna T182T Groundschool Weight and Balance– T182T • This calculation is similar to that for the Cessna 172, with following exceptions: – You can taxi at 3112 lb, as long as you will burn 2 USG before takeoff. – Note that the heavier you are, the farther rearward the front C of G limit is.
Page 83 Performance Charts– T182T • Performance Charts provided in the POH are of the same type as provided for the Cessna 172Ns, with the following exceptions: – In addition to an Airspeed Calibration Chart for use with Alternate Static Source, there is also an Altimeter Calibration Chart. It shows possible altimeter errors of up to 50 feet when using the Alternate Static Source.
Page 84 Cessna T182T Groundschool CFC’s Cessna T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 85 – Best Angle of Climb: • Sea Level: 64 KIAS • Springbank 65 KIAS • 20,000 ft 68 KIAS • About 5 kt higher than for 172N – Best Rate of Climb: • Sea Level: 84 KIAS • Springbank 83 KIAS • 20,000 ft 80 KIAS •...
Page 86 Normal Procedures– T182T • Airspeeds for Normal Operation at 3100 lb: – Normal Approach, Flaps Up: 70-80 KIAS – 10 kt higher than 172N – Normal Approach, Flaps Full: 60-70 KIAS – 5 kt higher than 172 – Short Field Approach, Flaps Full: 60 KIAS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 87 • Aircraft Operating Manual contains Normal Procedures Checklists and Amplified Procedures • Before Starting Engine: – Same as 172N, but need to open cowl flaps • Starting Engine: – Same as 172S (fuel injected), but need to set Prop full forward (high rpm) –...
Page 88 – If over priming floods the engine, turn off the aux pump, open the throttle from ½ to full open and continue cranking with the mixture full lean. When engine fires, smoothly advance the mixture control to full rich and retard the throttle to desired idle speed. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 89 10 min cool down period before trying again; Crank starter again, 3 cycles of 10 sec each, followed by 20 seconds of cool down. If engine fails to start, an investigation to determine the cause is needed 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 90 Cessna T182T Groundschool Normal Procedures– T182T Leaning for taxi: – Move the mixture control out about ¾” towards lean for taxi. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 91 • Cycle prop from high to low rpm and back • Max magneto drop is 150 rpm • No leaning as part of runup, this is done during takeoff run • Check that no annunciators are illuminated 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 92 – Take off with turbocharged engine should not be started if indicated lubricating oil pressure due to cold temperature is above maximum • Excessive oil pressure can cause over boost and engine damage 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 93: Normal Takeoff
• Mixture – Adjust to 24 GPH Fuel Flow • Elevator Control – Lift Nose Wheel (at 50-60 KIAS) • Climb Speed • a. 70 KIAS (20° flap) • b. 80 KIAS (0° flap) • Wing Flaps Retract at safe altitude 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 94 Cessna T182T Groundschool Normal Procedures– T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 95 • On first flight of the day when throttle is advanced for T/O, manifold pressure will normally exceed 32” Hg and fuel flows will exceed 24 GPH if the throttle is opened fully. Open the throttle slowly and smoothly to avoid overboosting. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 96 24 GPH fuel flow • Manifold Pressure and Fuel Flow are both shown on the same gauge under the turn co-ordinator, and both needles should be pointing to near the red line. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 97 70 KIAS is reached • Soft or rough field takeoffs are done with 20° flaps. However, CFC rules say only hard surfaced airports are to be used. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 98 • With ailerons into the wind the aircraft is accelerated to a slightly higher than normal speed and pulled briskly off to prevent possible settling back to the runway while drifting 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 99: Maximum Performance Climb
KIAS at 20,000 ft, flaps retracted. Monitor engine temperatures. Increase speed as soon as obstacles cleared. • Power – 32” Hg and 2400 RPM • Mixture – Adjust to 24 GPH • Cowl Flaps – Open • Fuel Selector Valve – Both 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 100: Normal Climb
Normal climb power should be set at 400 feet AGL • Airspeed – 90-100 KIAS • Power – 25” Hg and 2400 RPM • Mixture – 16 GPH • Fuel Selector Valve – Both • Cowl Flaps – Open as required 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 101 • Throughout the climb, Manifold Pressure will have to be increased (1” per 1000’) to maintain 25 in MP. • 200 feet prior to level off, close the cowl flaps to reduce rapid cooling of the engine as the aircraft accelerates. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 102 • Mixture – Lean • Cowl Flaps – Closed • Oxygen – Monitor quantity (if in use) and check passengers for adequate supply periodically during flight • Engine Gauges and Annunciators - Monitor 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 103 Lean the mixture slowly until the T.I.T. peaks and begins to drop or until reaching the T.I.T. red line Richen the mixture 50F rich of peak T.I.T. or red line (whichever is lower). 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 104 Cessna T182T Groundschool Normal Procedures– T182T LEANING 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 105 Any change in altitude or power setting will require a change in the recommended lean mixture setting and a recheck of the T.I.T setting NOTE OPERATION ON THE LEAN SIDE OF PEAK T.I.T. IS NOT APPROVED 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 106 1” per minute until you reach 20 in MP. Wait 1 minute before reducing power further. • After initiating descent, continue to reduce MP by 1” per 1000’ to maintain 20” MP. • Cowl flaps should be closed for descent. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 107 25 miles prior to the airport. Use VCALC on the GPS if desired. • However, you will need to start reducing from 24” cruise power four minutes before that, or about 35 miles away from the airport. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 108 • Optimum engine RPM in a letdown is usually the lowest RPM in the green arc range that will allow cylinder head temperature to remain in the recommended operating range 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 109 • Altimeter – Set • Fuel Selector Valve – Both • Wing Flaps – As desired (0° - 10° below 140 KIAS; 10° - 20° below 120 KIAS; 20° - full below 100 KIAS) 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 110: Before Landing
• Seat and Seat Belts – Secured and Locked • GUMPS check: – Fuel Selector Valve – Both – Mixture – Rich – Propeller – High RPM – Landing/Taxi Lights – ON – Autopilot – OFF 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 111: Normal Landing
Below 120 KIAS – 10° to 20° • c. Below 100 KIAS – 20° to FULL • Trim – Adjust • Touchdown – Main Wheels First • Landing Roll – Lower Nose Wheel Gently • Braking – Minimum Required 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 112: Short Field Landing
• Power – Reduce to idle as obstacle is cleared • Touchdown – Main Wheels First • Wing Flaps – Retract for maximum brake effectiveness • Brakes – Apply heavily as flaps retract 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 113: Balked Landing
• Wing Flaps – Retract to 20° • Climb Speed – 55 KIAS (after clearing obstacles accelerate to 70 KIAS) • Wing Flaps – Retract slowly after reaching a safe altitude and 70 KIAS • Cowl Flaps – Open 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 114: After Landing
• Same as 172N except: – Cowl Flaps – Open SECURING AIRPLANE • Same as 172N except: – Fuel Selector Valve – Left or Right to prevent cross-feeding – Oxygen System – Confirm Off 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 115: Cold Weather Operation
Hg manifold pressure limit. In addition, the fuel flow indications may exceed 24 GPH on takeoff if the mixture is not leaned to compensate. • Cessna says Winterization Kit is not required, but we do have cooling intake baffles that can be installed in cold weather.
Page 116 – Oxygen must be available for 10% of passengers, minimum of one. • Above 13,000 ft: – use of oxygen for all crew required for all the time above 10,000 ft, – Oxygen must be available for all passengers. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 117 – Delivery Hose…PLUG INTO OUTLET NEAREST TO THE SEAT YOU ARE OCCUPYING – Oxygen Supply Control Knob…ON – Hold flow indicator vertical. Adjust knob on delivery hose for the current altitude using the cannula scale on the hose flow indicator. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 118 Cessna T182T Groundschool High Altitude Operations– T182T Oxygen System Usage • When Oxygen is no longer required: – Delivery Hose…Unplug from outlet. This automatically stops the flow of oxygen – Oxygen Supply Control Knob…OFF 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 119 • Any and all changes to the flight including, but not limited to, altitude and routing changes must be conducted only after the appropriate clearance from ATC has been obtained, or ATC must be immediately advised in the event of changes required due to an emergency. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 120 – Requesting an amended ATC clearance which will enable the aircraft to remain in VFR weather conditions. This could mean leaving Class B Airspace. – Requesting an IFR clearance if the pilot has a valid Instrument Rating and the aircraft is equipped for IFR flight. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 121 • Two-way radio communication equipment • Radio navigation equipment to be used to navigate the flight planned route (GPS, VOR, ADF, etc) • Transponder with automatic pressure altitude reporting equipment (Mode C or Mode S at minimum) 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 122 • Except as otherwise authorized by ATC, when the aircraft is over a reporting point a position report is transmitted to the appropriate unit or, when so directed by ATC, to an FSS. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 123 – The aircraft must exit Class B controlled airspace by the safest and shortest route, either horizontal or descending – An ATC unit must be informed of the actions taken as soon as possible 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 124: Airspeeds For Emergency Operations
Engine Failure after takeoff, best glide speed • Wing flaps up 75 KIAS • Wing flaps down 70 KIAS Maximum Glide, Flaps Up • 3100 lb 75 KIAS • 2600 lb 69 KIAS • 2300 lb 65 KIAS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 125: Engine Failure During Takeoff Roll
Cessna T182T Groundschool EMERGENCY PROCEDURES– T182T ENGINE FAILURES Engine failure procedures as very similar to those for the Cessna 172. ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF ROLL • Throttle – IDLE • Brakes – APPLY • Wing Flaps – RETRACT If unable to stop on runway: •...
Page 126: Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff
Fuel Selector Valve – PUSHED DOWN and ROTATE TO OFF • Ignition Switch – OFF • Wing Flaps – AS REQUIRED (FULL recommended) • Master Switch – OFF • Cabin Door – UNLATCH • Land – STRAIGHT AHEAD 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 127: Engine Failure In Flight
Airspeed – 75 KIAS (Best Glide Speed) • Find a potential landing field, plan and start your approach • Transmit MAYDAY (while you still have altitude). • Switch on the ELT. • Squawk 7700. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 128 • Auxiliary Fuel Pump Switch – OFF If the fuel flow indication immediately drops to zero, signifying an engine driven fuel pump failure, return the auxiliary fuel pump switch to ON 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 129: Emergency Landing Without Engine Power
Wing Flaps – AS REQUIRED (FULL recommended) • Master Switch – OFF (when landing is assured) • Doors – UNLATCH PRIOR TO TOUCHDOWN • Touchdown – SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW • Brakes – APPLY HEAVILY 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 130: Precautionary Landing With Engine Power
Selected Field – FLY OVER, noting terrain and obstructions, then retract flaps upon reaching a safe altitude and airspeed • Decide if a landing is possible and where the touchdown point should be 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 131 Master Switch – OFF • Doors – UNLATCH PRIOR TO TOUCHDOWN • Touchdown – SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW • Mixture – IDLE CUT OFF • Ignition Switch – OFF • Brakes – APPLY HEAVILY 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 132 Cranking – CONTINUE to get start which would suck the flames and accumulated fuel into the engine • If engine starts: • Power – 1700 RPM for a few minutes • Engine – SHUTDOWN and inspect for damage 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 133 Cranking – CONTINUE • Fuel Selector Valve – PUSH DOWN and ROTATE TO OFF • Auxiliary Fuel Pump Switch – OFF • Fire Extinguisher – OBTAIN (have ground attendants obtain if not installed) 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 134 Parking Brake – RELEASE • Airplane – EVACUATE • Fire – EXTINGUISH using fire extinguisher, wool blanket or dirt • Fire Damage – INSPECT, repair damage or replace damaged components or wiring before conducting another flight 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 135 Airspeed – 100 KIAS (If fire is not extinguished, increase glide speed to find an airspeed – within airspeed limitation – which will provide an incombustible mixture) • Forced Landing – EXECUTE (as described in Emergency Landing Without Engine Power) 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 136 Vents/Cabin Air/Heat – OPEN when it is ascertained that fire is completely extinguished • If possible, proceed to an airport where a safe landing can be made without turning the electrical power back on. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 137 Radio Switches – OFF • Avionics Master Switch – ON • Radio/Electrical Switches – ON one at a time (only what’s necessary), with delay to check if problem is with the circuit just turned on. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 138 • Fire Extinguisher – ACTIVATE (if available) • Vents/Cabin Air/Heat – Open when it is ascertained that fire is completely extinguished • Land the airplane as soon as possible to inspect for damage 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 139 Pitot Heat Switch – OFF Perform a sideslip to keep the flames away from the fuel tank and cabin. Land as soon as possible using flaps only as required for final approach and touchdown. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 140 Adjust the mixture, as required, for any change in power settings • Plan a landing at the nearest airport. With an extremely rapid ice buildup, select a suitable “off airport” landing site. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 141 • Perform a landing approach using a forward slip, if necessary, for improved visibility • Approach at 80-90 KIAS depending upon the amount of the accumulation • Perform a landing in level attitude 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 142: Static Source Blockage
Static Pressure Alternate Source Valve – PULL ON • Airspeed – Consult appropriate tables in Section 5 of the Pilot Operating Handbook • Altitude – Consult appropriate tables in Section 5 of the Pilot Operating Handbook 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 143: Landing With A Flat Main Tire
Wing Flaps – FULL DOWN • Touchdown – GOOD MAIN WHEEL FIRST, hold airplane off flat tire as long as possible with aileron control • Directional Control – MAINTAIN using brake on good wheel as required 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 144: Landing With A Flat Nose Tire
Flaps – AS REQUIRED • Touchdown – ON MAINS, hold nose wheel off the ground as long as possible • When nose wheel touches down, maintain full up elevator as airplane slows to a stop 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 145: Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions
• Be aware that the Heading Indicator (HSI) is electric and may fail. NOTE: WITH THE ALTERNATOR SIDE OF THE MASTER SWITCH OFF, COMPASS DEVIATIONS OF AS MUCH AS 25 DEGREES MAY OCCUR 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 146: Low Voltage Annunciator (Volts) Illuminates During Flight (Ammeter Indicates Discharge)
• Avionics Master Switch – ON If low voltage annunciator (VOLTS) illuminates again: • Alternator – OFF • Non-essential Radio and Electrical Equipment – OFF • Flight – Terminate as soon as practicable 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 147 RPM. The master switch need not be recycled since an overvoltage condition has not occurred to deactivate the alternator system WITH THE ALTERNATOR SIDE OF THE MASTER SWITCH OFF, COMPASS DEVIATIONS OF AS MUCH AS 25 DEGREES MAY OCCUR 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 148: Vacuum System Failure
Vacuum Gauge – CHECK to ensure vacuum within normal operating limits. IF VACUUM IS NOT WITHIN NORMAL OPERATING LIMITS, A FAILURE HAS OCCURRED IN THE VACUUM SYSTEM AND PARTIAL PANEL PROCEDURES MAY BE REQUIRED FOR CONTINUED FLIGHT 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 149 Consequently, at flare out, the elevator trim control should be adjusted toward the full nose up position and the power adjusted so that the airplane will rotate to the horizontal attitude for touchdown. • Close throttle at touchdown 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 150 If both vacuum pumps fail in flight the attitude indicator will fail and you will have to rely on the turn coordinator and HSI. • However, the autopilot will still work, as long as the aircraft has electrical power. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 151 – Maintain altitude and airspeed by cautious application of elevator control. Avoid over controlling by keeping the hands off the control wheel as much as possible and steering only with rudder 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 152 In addition, keep hands off the control wheel and steer a straight course with rudder control by monitoring the turn coordinator • Occasionally check the compass heading and make minor corrections to hold approximate course 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 153 Adjust rudder trim to relieve unbalanced rudder force, if present • Check trend of compass card movement and make cautious corrections with rudder to stop the turn • Upon breaking out of clouds, resume normal cruising flight 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 154 Keep hands off the control wheel, using rudder control to hold a straight heading • Clear engine occasionally, but avoid using enough power to disturb the trimmed glide • Upon breaking out of the clouds, resume normal cruising flight 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 155 • Hold these control inputs until rotation stops. Premature relaxation of the control inputs may extend the recovery • As rotation stops, neutralize rudder, and make a smooth recovery from the resulting dive 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 156 – If not, proceed to the nearest airport for repairs using BOTH position of the ignition switch unless extreme roughness dictates the use of a single ignition position 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 157 • Select different power settings and richen the mixture to determine if continued operation on BOTH magnetos is practicable • If not, switch to good magneto and proceed to nearest airport for repairs 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 158 • Immediately turn the auxiliary fuel pump ON to restore the engine power • Terminate flight when practical and have fuel pump repaired 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 159 If loss of oil pressure is accompanied by a rise in oil temperature, engine failure may be imminent • Reduce engine power immediately and select a suitable forced landing field. Use only the minimum power required to reach the desired touchdown spot 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 160 • If airplane performance precludes landing at an airport, prepare for an “off airport” landing in accordance with the Precautionary Landing with Engine Power or Ditching checklists. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 161 A black lightning bolt on a grey background indicates that Stormscope data is not being displayed. A black lightning bolt on a grey background with a red slash and circle (international “NO” symbol) indicates that there is a problem with the WX-500 unit. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 162 Fuel…CHECK Note It is recommended to determine fuel utilized prior to the deviation and fuel utilized during the deviation and reassess the current fuel situation and compare it against the flight plan requirements. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 163 Diversion to Alternate Aerodrome…INITIATE • Distance…CALCULATE • Time to Alternate…CALCULATE • Altitude…ADJUST Note A safe altitude should be selected giving consideration to all important factors including but not limited to weather, obstacle/terrain clearance, and traffic. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 164 Endurance + Takeoff Time = Fuel Exhaustion Time • Fuel Exhaustion Time less ETA at Alternate = Fuel Remaining at Alternate (hrs and minutes) • Fuel…Confirm Fuel Remaining at Alternate is greater than applicable required reserves and contingencies. • FSS/ATC…ADVISE 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 165 If Emergency Descent is required: • Safe Altitude…DETERMINE Selected safe altitude to descend to should be 10,000ASL or the minimum altitude that would permit safe flight with respect to weather and terrain avoidance (whichever is greater) 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 166 CROSS-COUNTRY EMERGENCY PROCEDURES EMERGENCY DESCENT FROM ABOVE 10,000 FT • Heading…TURN IF REQUIRED • Power…IDLE • Propeller Control…FULL FORWARD • Airspeed…HOLD Va • Transponder…7700 • ATC…ADVISE • Desired Altitude…MAINTAIN • Destination…DIVERT OR CONTINUE AS REQUIRED 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 167 After completion of flight in which severe turbulence was encountered: • Journey Log…COMPLETE ENTRY IN DEFECTS COLUMN Encounters with severe turbulence require maintenance action and therefore require a snag entry in the Journey Log 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 168 IFR All altitudes • Lesson Plan 8 may be completed as part of the recurrent training. Destination may be adjusted to meet WX and altitude (below or above 10,000ft) requirements 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 169 The aircraft shall be operated in accordance with this aircraft operating manual and any limitations contained therein. Fuel Limitations Minimum Fuel Quantity: 46 U.S. Gal OR Fuel required for flight + 45 min, whichever is greater 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 170 All CFC T182T aircraft are permitted to land on paved (Asphalt) runways at registered aerodromes only. (Aerodrome must exist in the CFS) Minimum runway length 2500 ft or as per calculated from the POH for the existing conditions, whichever is greater 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 171 1/8in (0.13 in) or less. Wind Limitations Maximum tailwind for take off and landing operations: 10 knots Maximum crosswind component for take off and landing: 15 knots All other CFC wind limits also apply 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 172 It is also the responsibility of the PIC to store the aircraft in a hangar when thunderstorms are forecast. Flight in IMC (Instrument Meteorological Conditions) An operational Autopilot is required for all flights in IMC. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 173 The avionics stack in GPMK contains the following equipment: • Garmin GTN 750Xi (Nav 1) • 2 Com radio with VOR/LOC/GS (Nav 2) • Garmin transponder • Bendix/King KAP 140 2-axis autopilot with altitude pre-select 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 174 Cessna T182T Groundschool CFC’s Cessna T182T 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 175 The avionics stack in GPMK contains the following equipment: • Garmin GTN 750Xi This contains: – GPS/nav display – Comm 1 – Audio panel – VOR/LOC/GS (Nav 1) – Stormscope display – ADS-B traffic display 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 176 In addition to the Map display, also has pages for: – Flight plan entry – Procedures selection (Departures/Arrivals/Approaches) – Nearest (airports/waypoints/ATC/FSS, etc.) – Charts – Traffic – Weather (if subscribed) – Terrain – Waypoint info 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 177 Glide range ring tells you how far you can glide in the event of an engine failure. • Fuel range ring gives an indication of range based on the fuel amount and consumption info provided, based on current performance and wind. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 178 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS GARMIN GTN 750Xi • Basic operation will be reviewed on checkout in the aircraft 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 179 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 180 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 181 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 182 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 183 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 184 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 185 Approach and Landing: Autopilot must be disengaged prior to 800 feet AGL on approach. The only exception to this is when the APR mode is active. With APR mode active, the autopilot must be disengaged prior to 200 feet AGL. 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 186 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 187 Autopilot Mode Change Call-Outs All Autopilot Mode changes must be called out. Example: When switching from HDG to NAV mode, call “NAV” When on vectors for an ILS approach and arming APR mode, call “APR armed” 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...
Page 188 Cessna T182T Groundschool – T182T AVIONICS T182T TYPE CHECK EXAM 2021 Calgary Flying Club Cessna T182T Groundschool...

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