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Fuel & Lube Specifications
A.Fuel Specifications
Use good quality fuel to get the correct power and per-
formance from the engine. The recommended fuel spec-
ification for Caterpillar engines is shown below.
Cetane number
45 minimum
Viscosity
2.0/4.5 centistrokes at 40 C (104 F)
Density
0,835/0,855 kg/litre
Sulphur
0.2% of mass, maximum
Distillation
85% at 350 C (662 F)
Cetane number: Cetane number indicates ignition per-
formance. Fuel with a low cetane number can cause
cold start problems and affect combustion.
Viscosity: Viscosity is the resistance to flow and if this
is outside limits, engine performance can be affected.
Density: Low density will reduce engine power, higher
density will increase engine power and exhaust smoke.
Sulphur: High sulphur content (not normally found in
Europe, North America or Australasia) can cause engine
wear. if only high sulphur fuels are available, it will be
necessary to use a highly alkaline lubricating oil in the
engine or reduce the lubricating oil change interval.
Distillation: This is an indication of the mixture of differ-
ent hydrocarbons in the fuel. A high ratio of light weight
hydrocarbons can affect the combustion characteristics.
Low temperature fuels: Special winter fuels may be
available for engine operation at temperatures below
0 C (32 F). These fuels limit the formation of wax in the
fuel oil at low temperatures. If wax forms in the fuel oil,
this could stop the flow of fuel oil through the filter.
Aviation kerosene and R.M.E. type fuels: These fuels
may be used, but can effect the engine performance and
starting ability. The only aviation fuels that are permitted
for use with these engines are: JP5, Jet A and JP8 pro-
viding that 5% spindle oil is added, Aviation fuel JP4 is
not recommended. For more information on aviation
fuels refer to the Caterpillar application department.
Only up to 5% R.M.E. in mineral oil diesel fuel is permit-
ted. Biodiesel blends of up to 5% B100 and #2 diesel
fuel (B5) are allowed.
Electrical shut-off solenoid (ESOS): The ESOS is fit-
ted to the right hand side of the cylinder block, at the
rear of the fuel injection pump. When the solenoid is de-
energised, a control rod pushes the fuel control rack to
the 'no fuel position' in the injection pump. The unit oper-
ates from a 12V supply in an 'energise to run' condition,
an electrical failure will give automatic fuel shut-off.
B.Fuel System
1.
A Fuel Strainer/Water Seperator is provided
between the fuel tank and fuel pump. It should be
inspected daily and purged of any contaminents.
2.
The Fuel Pump provided on the engine is a
direct drive mechanical diaphragm type. A primer
pump is included within the main fuel filter for use
in the event of first time start-up when fuel is
depleted from the system. The primer should be
pumped by hand until all air is purged (view
return line in fuel tank).
3.
The Main Fuel Filter is a spin-on cartridge that
should be changed every 500 hours of use (or
sooner depending on fuel quality and operating
conditions). This fuel filter is attached to a
mechanical hand primer. The primer must be
used to purge the fuel system of air.
4.
The Fuel Valve provides a means to switch from
the "left" to "right" tank or "off" positions.
C.Lubricating Oil Specifications
Use only good quality lubricating oil, such as shell Rim-
ula 15W40 which meets Caterpillar ECF-I and either of
the following:
• API-CH-4 plus
• ACEA E5
Note:
API CI-4 plus and ACEA ES oils that have not
met the requirements of Caterpillar's ECF-I specification
may cause reduced engine life.
Caution: Always ensure that the correct viscosity grade
of lubricating oil is used for the ambient temperature
range in which the engine will run as shown in the chart
below.
Recommended SAE viscosity grades
0W
5W20
-30 -20
-10
0
-22
-4
14
32
Viscosity chart
A = Recommended viscosity
B = Ambient temperature
Ensure the lubricating oil sump is filled slowly after warm
up, check with the dipstick that the oil level is correct.
Change the oil and filter in accordance with the service
instruction.
30
A
10W30
15W40
20W50
20
30
40
10
20
30
40
50
50
68
86 104 122 F
B
C
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