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Novatek NT6862-5 Series Manual

8-bit microcontroller for monitor

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Features
n Operating voltage range: 4.5V to 5.5V
n CMOS technology for low power consumption
n 6502 8-bit CMOS CPU core
n 8 MHz operation frequency
n 32K/24K/16K bytes of ROM
n 512 bytes of RAM
n One 8-bit base timer
n 13 channels of 8-bit PWM outputs with 5V open drain
n 4 channel A/D converters with 6-bit resolution
n 25 bi-directional I/O port pins (8 dedicated I/O pins)
n Hsync/Vsync
signals
composite signals which includes hardware sync
signals polarity detection and frequency counters with
2 sets of Hsync counting intervals
n Hsync/Vsync polarity controlled output, 5 selectable
free run output signals and self-test patterns, auto-
mute function, half freq. I/O function
n Add a jitter filter at the front end of Hsync input path,
reduce the jitter interference of Hysync input
General Description
The NT6862 is a new generation monitor µC for auto-sync
and digital control applications. Particularly, this chip
supports various and efficient functions to allow users to
easily develop USB monitors. It contains the 6502 8-bit
CPU core, 512 bytes of RAM used as working RAM and
stack area, 32K bytes of OTP ROM, 13-channels of 8-bit
PWM D/A converters, 4-channel A/D converters for key
detection which save I/O pins, one 8-bit pre-loadable base
timer, internal Hsync and Vsync signals processor, a
Watch-dog timer which prevents the system from abnormal
processor
for
separate
8-Bit Microcontroller for Monitor
n Two
built-in
DDC1/2B+
n Two layers of interrupt management
NMI interrupt sources
- INTE0 (External INT with selectable edge trigger)
- INTMUTE (Auto Mute Activated)
IRQ interrupt sources
- INTS0/1 (SCL Go-low INT)
- INTA0/1 (Slave Address Matched INT)
&
- INTTX0/1 (Shift Register INT)
- INTRX0/1 (Shift Register INT)
- INTNAK0/1 (No Acknowledge)
- INTSTOP0/1 (Stop Condition Occurred INT)
- INTE1 (External INT with Selectable Edge Trigger)
- INTV (VSYNC INT)
- INTMR (Base Timer INT)
- INTADC (AD Conversion Done INT)
n Hardware Watch-dog timer function
n 40-pin P-DIP and 42-pin S-DIP packages
operation, and two I
EDID data in the 128 bytes of RAM for DDC1/2B, so that
user can reduce a dedicated EEPROM for EDID. A Half
frequency output function can save external one-shot
circuit. These designs are committed to reduce component
cost. The 42 pin S-DIP IC provides two additional I/O pins –
port40 & port41, Part number NT6862U represents the S-
DIP IC. For future reference, port40 & port42 are only
available for the 42 pin S-DIP IC.
1
NT6862-5xxxx
2
I
C
bus
interfaces
support
2
C bus interfaces. The user can store
VESA
V2.2

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Summary of Contents for Novatek NT6862-5 Series

  • Page 1 NT6862-5xxxx 8-Bit Microcontroller for Monitor Features n Operating voltage range: 4.5V to 5.5V n Two built-in interfaces support VESA n CMOS technology for low power consumption DDC1/2B+ n 6502 8-bit CMOS CPU core n 8 MHz operation frequency n Two layers of interrupt management n 32K/24K/16K bytes of ROM NMI interrupt sources n 512 bytes of RAM...
  • Page 2 NT6862-5xxxx Pin Configurations 40-Pin P-DIP [PGM] DAC2 VSYNCI/INTV [A14] DAC1/ADC3 HSYNCI VSYNCI/INTV [A14] [PGM] DAC2 [OE] DAC0/ADC2 DAC3 [MODE0] DAC1/ADC3 HSYNCI [VPP] RESET DAC4/SCL1 [MODE1] [OE] DAC0/ADC2 DAC3 [MODE0] DAC5/SDA1 [MODE2] DAC4/SCL1 [MODE1] [VPP] RESET DAC5/SDA1 [MODE2] DAC6 [RESET] DAC6 [RESET] OSCO CREG CREG...
  • Page 3 NT6862-5xxxx Pin Description Pin No. Designation Reset Init. Description 40 Pin 42 Pin DAC2 Open drain 5V, D/A converter output 2 [ I ] [OTP ROM program control] [ PGM ] DAC1/ADC3 DAC1 Open drain 5V, D/A converter output 1, shared with A/D converter channel 3 input DAC0/ADC2 DAC0...
  • Page 4 NT6862-5xxxx Pin Description (continued) Pin No. Designation Reset Init. Description 40 Pin 42 Pin 16 - 23 17 - 24 P27 – P20 Bi-directional I/O pin, push-pull structure with high current drive/sink capability [ DB7 ] – [ DB0] [ I/O ] [ OTP ROM program data buffer ] P30/SDA0 Open drain 5V bi-directional I/O pin P30, shared with...
  • Page 5 NT6862-5xxxx Pin Description (continued) Pin No. Designation Reset Init. Description 40 Pin 42 Pin DAC5/SDA1 Open drain 5V, D/A converter output 5, shared with open drain SDA1 line of I C bus, Schmitt Trigger buffer [ MODE2 ] [ I ] [ OTP ROM mode select ] DAC4/SCL1 Open drain 5V, D/A converter output 4, shared with open...
  • Page 6 NT6862-5xxxx Functional Description 1. 6502 CPU The 6502 is an 8-bit CPU that provides 56 instructions, decimal and binary arithmetic, thirteen addressing modes, true indexing capability, programmable stack pointer and variable length stack, a wide selection of addressable memory ranges, and interrupt input options.
  • Page 7 NT6862-5xxxx 2. Instruction Set List Instruction Code Meaning Operation A + M + C → A, C Add with carry A•M → A Logical AND Shift left one bit C ← M7 … M0 ← 0 Branch if carry clears Branch on C =...
  • Page 8 NT6862-5xxxx Instruction Set List (continued) Instruction Code Meaning Operation Jump to new location (PC+1)→ PCL, (PC+2)→ PCH Jump to subroutine PC+2↓, (PC+1)→ PCL, (PC+2)→ PCH M → A Load accumulator with memory M → X Load index register X with memory M →...
  • Page 9 NT6862-5xxxx 3. RAM: 512 X 8 bits The built-in 512 X 8-bit SRAM is used for data memory and stack area. The RAM addressing range is from $0080 to $027F. The contents of RAM are undetermined at power-up and are not affected by system reset. Software programmers can allocate stack area in the RAM by setting stack pointer register (S).
  • Page 10 NT6862-5xxxx 5. System Registers Addr. Register INIT Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Control Registers for I/O Port0 & Port1 $0000 $0001 Control Register to Control Port2 I/O Direction $0002 PT2DIR P27OE P26OE P25OE P24OE P23OE P22OE P21OE P20OE Control Registers for I/O Port2 - 4 $0003...
  • Page 11 NT6862-5xxxx System Registers (continued) Addr. Register INIT Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Control Register for Polling (Read) Interrupt Groups & Clearing (Write) INTE0 & INTMUTE Interrupt Requests $0016 NMIPOLL INTE0 INTMUTE CLRE0 CLRMUTE $0017 IRQPOLL IRQ2 IRQ1 IRQ0 Control Registers of Interrupt Enable $0018...
  • Page 12 NT6862-5xxxx System Registers (continued) Addr. Register INIT Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0029 CH1CON START STOP MD1/ ENDDC TXACK START STOP $002A CH1CLK DDC2BR2 DDC2BR1 DDC2BR0 MODE RSTART Control Registers for Base Timer $002E $002F BTCON BTCLK ENBT Control Registers for PWM Channel 0 - 12 $0030...
  • Page 13 NT6862-5xxxx 6. Timing Generator This block generates the system timing and control signal and compacitor included, users can externally add these to be supplied to the CPU and on-chip peripherals. A components for proper operating. crystal quartz, ceramic resonator, or an external clock The typical clock frequency is 8MHz.
  • Page 14 NT6862-5xxxx 8. A/D Converters (CONVERSION START) in the ENADC control register. The structure of these analog to digital converters is 6-bit When conversion is finished, system will set this INTADC successive approximation. Analog voltage is supplied from bit. Users can monitor this bit to get the valid A/D external sources to the A/D input pins and the result of the conversion data in the AD latch registers ($0011 - $0014).
  • Page 15 NT6862-5xxxx 9. PWM DACs (Pulse Width Modulation D/A Converters) There are 13 PWM D/A converters with 8-bit resolution in NT6862. All of these D/A (DAC0 - DAC12) converters are open- drain output structure with an external 5V applied maximum. DAC0 – DAC6 are dedicated PWM channels, and DAC7 - DAC12 are shared with I/O pins.
  • Page 16 NT6862-5xxxx PWM DACs (continued) DAC0 & DAC1 are shared with ADC2 & ADC3 input pins respectively. If ENADC2/ bit in the ENADC control register is cleared to LOW, A/D converters will activate simultaneously. After the chip is reset, ENADC2/ bits will be in HIGH state and DAC0 &...
  • Page 17 NT6862-5xxxx 10. Watch-Dog Timer (WDT) The NT6862 implements a Watch-dog timer reset to avoid be cleared within every 0.5 second when the software is in system stop or malfunction. The clock of the WDT is from normal sequence, otherwise the WDT will overflow and on-chip RC oscillator which does not require any external cause a reset.
  • Page 18 NT6862-5xxxx DDC Channel 0/1 Maskable Interrupt Sources: Interrupt Meaning Action INTS INT SCL Go-Low INT In DDC1 mode, it will be activated when the external device proceed a DDC2 communication. This action includes pull the SCL line to ground or send out an 'START' condition directly.
  • Page 19 NT6862-5xxxx Enabling Interrupts: The system will disable all of these Polling Interrupts: When NMI interrupt occurrs, at NMI interrupts after reset. Users can enable each of the interrupt service routine, users must poll the INTE0 & interrupts by setting the interrupt enable bits at IENMI, INTMUTE bit in the NMIPOLL control register to confirm the IEIRQ0 - IEIRQ3 control registers.
  • Page 20 NT6862-5xxxx Control Bit Description Addr. Register INIT Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Control Register for Polling Interrupt $0016 NMIPOLL INTE0 INTMUTE CLRE0 CLRMUTE $0017 IRQPOLL IRQ2 IRQ1 IRQ0 Control Registers of Interrupt Enable $0018 IENMI INTE0 INTMUTE $0019 IEIRQ0 INTS0...
  • Page 21 NT6862-5xxxx 12. I/O PORTs The NT6862 has 25 pins dedicated to input and output. P00 - P05 are shared with DAC7 - DAC12 respectively. If These pins are grouped into 4 ports. ENDK7 - ENDK12 to LOW in ENDAC register, P00 - is set P05 will act as DAC7 - DAC12 respectively (Figure 12.2).
  • Page 22 NT6862-5xxxx 12.2. Port1: P10 - P16 PORT10 - PORT16 is a 7-bit bi-directional CMOS I/O port sync processor paragraph. After the chip is reset, the with PMOS as internal pull-up (Figure 12.1). Each bi- ENHALF bits will be in HIGH state and P12、P13 will act directional I/O pin may be bit programmed as an input or as I/O pins.
  • Page 23 NT6862-5xxxx 12.3. PORT2: P20 - P27 PORT2, an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port (Figure 12.5), may be programmed as an input or output pin by the software control. When setting the PT2DIR control bit to '0', its correspondent pin will act as an output pin. On the other hand, clear PT2DIR bit to '1', act as input pin.
  • Page 24 NT6862-5xxxx 12.5. PORT4: P40 - P41 PORT4 is available only on the 42pin SDIP IC. PORT40 - PORT41 is an 2-bit bi-directional CMOS I/O port with PMOS as internal pull-up (Figure 12.1). Each bi-directional I/O pin may be bit programmed as an input or output port without software control the data direction register.
  • Page 25 NT6862-5xxxx VCNTL VCNTH Control Enable Logic V sync. Latch INTV Enable VSYNC Schmitt Digital V sync. Reset Trigger Filter counter INPUT HSEL ENHSEL 16.384 ms Enable 32.968 ms H sync. Reset counter AUTO MUTE Enable H sync. H & V Latch INTMUTE Sync.
  • Page 26 NT6862-5xxxx 13.1. V & H Counter Register: VCNTL/H, HCNTL/H Vsync counter: VCNTL/H, the 14-bit READ ONLY register, contains information of the Vsync frequency. An internal counter counts the numbers of 8us pulse between two VSYNC pulses. When a next VSYNC signal is recognized, the counter is stopped and the VCNTH/L register latches the counter value and then the counter counts from zero again for evaluating next VSYNC time interval.
  • Page 27 NT6862-5xxxx ● ● ● (1) HSYNCI Composite H sync. waveform (H EOR V) ● ● ● (2) HSYNCI Composite H sync. waveform (H OR V) Hsync pulse or no pulse, the output signal of Hsync will be inserted. 2µs HSYNCO Original Original Inserted Hsync Pulse...
  • Page 28 NT6862-5xxxx Sync. Mode Processing Set S/C = '0' System Default: Freq. Clear VCNTOV & HCNTOV Calculating S/C = '1' & ENSEL = '1' Open INTV & clear INTV flag Set S/C = '1' & ENSEL = ''0' Open INTV & clear INTV flag &...
  • Page 29 NT6862-5xxxx 13.2. Sync Processor Control Register: Polarity: The detection of Hsync or Vsync polarity is Sync output: In pin assignment, VSYNCO & HSYNCO achieved by hardware circuit that samples the sync signal's represent Vsync & Hsync output which are shared with P06 voltage level periodically.
  • Page 30 NT6862-5xxxx Self testing pattern: At activating free running function, the system will generate the testing pattern when clearing the ENPAT bit. The PORT14 pin will switch from I/O pin to pattern output pin (push-pull structure). The system provides four types of testing patterns. Refer the figure below. Set the PAT0 bits to select the pattern type (Figure 13.8). If the free run function has not been enabled, any change of ENPAT &...
  • Page 31 NT6862-5xxxx Figure 13.8. Two Types of Testing Pattern 64µs VSYNC Back-Porch Front-Porch Video 1µs HSYNC Back-Porch Front-Porch Video Figure 13.9. The Porch of Free Running Self Test Pattern...
  • Page 32 NT6862-5xxxx 13.3 Power Saving Mode detect: Video mode is listed as below, especially from mode 2 to mode 4 just for power saving. All of modes can be detected by NT6862 (Figure 13.6). These modes can be easily be detected. Mode H-Sync V-Sync...
  • Page 33 NT6862-5xxxx 14. Base Timer (BT) The BASE TIMER is an 8-bit counter, and its clock source a value by writing a value to the BT register (write only) at any time and then the BT will start to count up from this can be chosen with 1µs or 1ms by setting the BTCLK bit ('0' preloaded value.
  • Page 34 NT6862-5xxxx 15. I C Bus Interface: DDC1 & DDC2B Slave Mode For the timing diagram please refer to Figure 15.1. After Interface: I C bus interface is a two-wire, bi-directional serial bus which provides a simple, efficient way for data system resets, the I C bus interface is in DDC1 mode.
  • Page 35 NT6862-5xxxx Control Bit Description: Addr. Register INIT Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 $0016 NMIPOLL INTE0 INTMUTE CLRE0 CLRMUTE $0017 IRQPOLL IRQ2 IRQ1 IRQ0 $0019 IEIRQ0 INTS0 INTA0 INTTX0 INTRX0 INTNAK0 INTSTOP0 $001A IEIRQ1 INTS1 INTA1 INTTX1 INTRX1 INTNAK1 INTSTOP1 $001C...
  • Page 36 NT6862-5xxxx ENDDC (in CH0CON register) Vsync Pulse ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● INTV Load data in the CH0TXDAT register to shift register ● ● ● INTTX ● ● ● User can load next byte data to CH0TXDAT register Null Null...
  • Page 37 NT6862-5xxxx STOP START CONDITION CONDITION ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 - 7 1 - 7 1 - 7 ADDRESS DATA DATA IIDAT Reg. ● ● ● ● ● ● bit stream Figure 15.2. DDC2B Data Transfer...
  • Page 38 NT6862-5xxxx Address DATA DATA DATA Data transferred from external device From external device to NT6862 A = Acknowledge S = START P = STOP From NT6862 to external device (a) WRITE Mode Data Format wait wait wait START STOP (external device) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 DATA DATA...
  • Page 39 NT6862-5xxxx NT68P62 Address DATA DATA DATA Data transferred from NT6862 From external device to NT6862 A = Acknowledge S = START A = No acknowledge P = STOP From NT6862 to external device (a) Read Mode Data Format wait wait wait START STOP...
  • Page 40 NT6862-5xxxx 15.3. DDC2B Slave Mode Bus Interface receives an address data from an external device, it will Enable I C and INTS: After user clears the ENDDC to ‘0’, store it in the CH0RXDAT register. The system supports NT6862 will enter into DDC1 mode, and it will switch to 'A0' default address and another one set of addresses DDC2B SLAVE mode while a low pulse is detected on SCL which can be accessed by writting the CH0ADDR register.
  • Page 41 NT6862-5xxxx Data transfer and wait: The data on the SDA line must be stable during the HIGH period of the clock on the SCL line. The INTTX0 on the READ mode: External device read data The HIGH and LOW state of the SDA line can only change from NT6862.
  • Page 42 NT6862-5xxxx Interrupt IRQ0/1 Group Service Routine Polling Need Need Need Need Need Need Polling Polling Polling Polling Polling Polling INTNAK? INTA? INTS? INTRX? INTTX? INTV? WRITE READ Mode Mode INTS INTA INTV INTRX INTTX INTNAK? DDC1 DDC2 Change To DDC2 Read Out the SRW bit Read One Byte Change To...
  • Page 43 NT6862-5xxxx 15.4 DDC2B+ Master Mode Bus Interface Most of the DDC manipulation is the same as SLAVE mode beforehand, the shift register will send out an 'ACK' bit (low except the SCL clock generation. In the MASTER mode, voltage) and continue to receive next byte data. If both the the control of SCL clock source belongs to NT6862.
  • Page 44 NT6862-5xxxx DDC2BR2 DDC2BR1 DDC2BR0 Baud Rate 0.00 0.00 0.00 400K 0.00 0.00 1.00 200K 0.00 1.00 0.00 100K 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 12.5K 1.00 1.00 0.00 6.25K 1.00 1.00 1.00 3.125K wait wait wait 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (external device...
  • Page 45 NT6862-5xxxx wait wait wait wait (external device) MODE = 0 wait for user putting calling address into TXDAT buffer START STOP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (NT6862) ADDRESS...
  • Page 46 NT6862-5xxxx Control Register: Addr Register INIT Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 Control Register for Polling Interrupt Groups $0016 NMIPOLL INTE0 INTMUTE CLRE0 CLRMUT $0017 IRQPOLL IRQ2 IRQ1 IRQ0 Control Registers of Interrupt Enable $0018 IENMI INTE0 INTMUTE $0019 IEIRQ0 INTS0...
  • Page 47 NT6862-5xxxx Master Receiver Reset Buffer Index Just Recv. One Byte Data? Last Comm, ENDDC = 0 is Repeat Start? After Recv. Data Send Repeat Start? Just Recv. One Byte Data? ENDDC = 0 Send NO_ACK Set Last Byte Flag After Recv. Data Send Repeat Start? ENDDC = 0 Send Address...
  • Page 48 NT6862-5xxxx Interrupt IRQ0/1 Group Service Routine Need Need Need Polling Polling Polling INTRX? INTTX? INTNAK? Last two INTRX ? byte data? INTNAK? INTTX? Other interruptProcess or Have someerror last byte send repeat Transmission failed start? data ? Last byte Calling Trans.? Address? Send repeat start...
  • Page 49 NT6862-5xxxx User Referenced Flow Chart Comparison With NT68P61A Item NT6861 Status NT6862 Status Notes Maximum ROM Size 24K Bytes 32K Bytes RAM Size 256 Bytes 512 Bytes PWM Channel 14 channels 13 channels 5V & 12V Open Drain O/P 5V Open Drain O/P Only PWM Channel Refresh 31.25 KHz 62.5 KHz...
  • Page 50 NT6862-5xxxx = 25 ° C, Oscillator freq. = 8MHz, Unless otherwise specified) DC Electrical Characteristics = 5V, T Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions Operating Current No Loading Input High Voltage P00-P07, P12-P16, P20-P27, P40, P41 RESET , VSYNCI, HALFHI INTE0, INTE1 Input High Voltage SCL0/1, SDA0/1,P10, P11, P30, P31...
  • Page 51 NT6862-5xxxx (HSYNCI & VSYNCI & HALFI) = 2.2V = 1.8V jitterH = 1.2V jitterL = 0.8V...
  • Page 52 NT6862-5xxxx = 25 ° C, Oscillator freq. = 8MHz, unless otherwise specified) AC Electrical Characteristics (V = 5V, T Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions Fsys System Clock µs A/D Conversion Time CNVT Voffset A/D Converter Error Vlinear A/D Input Dynamic Range of Linearity Conversion The Delay Time of Vsync input Composite sync with fixed...
  • Page 53 NT6862-5xxxx DDC1 Mode Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions µs Vsync High Time 0.50 2000 Fvsync Vsync Input Frequency =1/Fvsync VSYNC Data Valid Time for Transition to DDC2B MODE Mode MODE Bit 0 Null Bit Bit 7 Bit 6 VSYNC Composite ●...
  • Page 54 NT6862-5xxxx DDC2B+ Mode Symbol Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit SCL Clock Frequency µs Bus Free Between a STOP and START Condition µs ; STA Hold Time for START Condition µs LOW Period of The SCL Clock µs HIGH Period of The SCL Clock HIGH µs ;...
  • Page 55 NT6862-5xxxx Ordering Information Part No. Packages NT6862 40L P-DIP NT6862U 42L S-DIP...
  • Page 56 NT6862-5xxxx Package Information P-DIP 40L Outline Dimensions unit: inches/mm Base Plane Seating Plane Symbol Dimensions in inches Dimensions in mm 0.210 Max. 5.33 Max. 0.010 Min. 0.25 Min. 0.155±0.010 3.94±0.25 0.018 +0.004 0.46 +0.10 -0.002 -0.05 0.050 +0.004 1.27 +0.10 -0.002 -0.05 0.010 +0.004...
  • Page 57 NT6862-5xxxx Package Information S-DIP 42L Outline Dimensions unit: inches/mm pin 1 index Base Plane Seating Plane Symbol Dimensions in inches Dimensions in mm 0.200 Max. 5.08 Max. 0.020 Min. 0.51 Min. 0.157 Max. 4.0 Max. 0.051 Max. 1.3 Max. 0.031 Min. 0.8 Min.