H3C S5500-SI Series Operation Manual
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H3C S5500-SI Series Operation Manual

H3C S5500-SI Series Operation Manual

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Operation Manual - MSTP
H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches
Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration .................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 MSTP Overview ................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1.1 Introduction to STP ................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1.2 Introduction to MSTP ............................................................................................ 1-11
1.1.3 Protocols and Standards....................................................................................... 1-18
1.2 Configuration Task List .................................................................................................... 1-18
1.3 Configuring the Root Bridge ............................................................................................ 1-20
1.3.1 Configuring an MST Region.................................................................................. 1-20
1.3.2 Specifying the Root Bridge or a Secondary Root Bridge ...................................... 1-22
1.3.3 Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP Device ....................................................... 1-23
1.3.4 Configuring the Priority of the Current Device ...................................................... 1-24
1.3.5 Configuring the Maximum Hops of an MST Region.............................................. 1-25
1.3.6 Configuring the Network Diameter of a Switched Network ................................... 1-26
1.3.7 Configuring Timers of MSTP................................................................................. 1-27
1.3.8 Configuring the Timeout Factor............................................................................. 1-29
1.3.9 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Rate of Ports......................................... 1-29
1.3.10 Configuring Ports as Edge Ports......................................................................... 1-30
1.3.14 Enabling the MSTP Feature................................................................................ 1-34
1.4 Configuring Leaf Nodes ................................................................................................... 1-35
1.4.1 Configuring an MST Region.................................................................................. 1-35
1.4.2 Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP ................................................................... 1-35
1.4.3 Configuring the Timeout Factor............................................................................. 1-35
1.4.4 Configuring the Maximum Transmission Rate of Ports......................................... 1-35
1.4.5 Configuring Ports as Edge Ports........................................................................... 1-36
1.4.6 Configuring Path Costs of Ports............................................................................ 1-36
1.4.7 Configuring Port Priority ........................................................................................ 1-38
1.4.10 Enabling Output of Port State Transition Information ......................................... 1-39
1.4.11 Enabling the MSTP Feature................................................................................ 1-39
1.5 Performing mCheck ......................................................................................................... 1-40
1.5.1 Configuration Prerequisites................................................................................... 1-40
1.5.2 Configuration Procedure ....................................................................................... 1-40
1.5.3 Configuration Example.......................................................................................... 1-41
1.6 Configuring Digest Snooping ........................................................................................... 1-41

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  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Table of Contents Table of Contents Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration ....................1-1 1.1 MSTP Overview ......................... 1-1 1.1.1 Introduction to STP ....................1-1 1.1.2 Introduction to MSTP .................... 1-11 1.1.3 Protocols and Standards..................1-18 1.2 Configuration Task List ....................
  • Page 2 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Table of Contents 1.6.1 Configuration Prerequisites................... 1-41 1.6.2 Configuration Procedure ..................1-42 1.6.3 Configuration Example..................1-43 1.7 Configuring No Agreement Check ................... 1-44 1.7.1 Prerequisites ......................1-45 1.7.2 Configuration Procedure ..................1-45 1.7.3 Configuration Example..................

  • Page 3: Chapter 1 Mstp Configuration

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration When configuring MSTP, go to these sections for information you are interested in: MSTP Overview Configuring the Root Bridge Configuring Leaf Nodes Performing mCheck...
  • Page 4 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration III. Basic concepts in STP Root bridge A tree network must have a root; hence the concept of “root bridge” has been introduced in STP. There is one and only one root bridge in the entire network, and the root bridge can change alone with changes of the network topology.
  • Page 5 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Device A AP 1 AP 2 CP 1 BP 1 Device B Device C BP 2 CP 2 Figure 1-1 A schematic diagram of designated bridges and designated ports IV.
  • Page 6 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: For the convenience of description, the description and examples below involve only four parts of a configuration BPDU: Root bridge ID (in the form of device priority)
  • Page 7 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: Principle for configuration BPDU comparison: The configuration BPDU that has the lowest root bridge ID has the highest priority. If all the configuration BPDUs have the same root bridge ID, they will be compared for their root path costs.
  • Page 8 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Step Description The device compares the calculated configuration BPDU with the configuration BPDU on the port of which the port role is to be defined, and does different things according to the comparison result:...
  • Page 9 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Table 1-4 Initial state of each device Device Port name BPDU of port {0, 0, 0, AP1} Device A {0, 0, 0, AP2} {1, 0, 1, BP1}...
  • Page 10 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration BPDU of port after Device Comparison process comparison Port BP1 receives the configuration BPDU of Device A {0, 0, 0, AP1}. Device B finds that the received...
  • Page 11 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration BPDU of port after Device Comparison process comparison Port CP1 receives the configuration BPDU of Device A {0, 0, 0, AP2}. Device C finds that the received...
  • Page 12 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Figure 1-3 The final calculated spanning tree Note: To facilitate description, the spanning tree calculation process in this example is simplified, while the actual process is more complicated.

  • Page 13: Introduction To Mstp

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration STP timers STP calculations need three important timing parameters: forward delay, hello time, and max age. Forward delay is the delay time for device state transition. A path failure will cause re-calculation of the spanning tree, and the spanning tree structure will change accordingly.
  • Page 14 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: In RSTP, a newly elected root port can enter the forwarding state rapidly if this condition is met: The old root port on the device has stopped forwarding data and the upstream designated port has started forwarding data.
  • Page 15 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Figure 1-4 Basic concepts in MSTP MST region A multiple spanning tree region (MST region) is composed of multiple devices in a switched network and network segments among them. These devices have the...
  • Page 16 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration VLAN-to-instance mapping table As an attribute of an MST region, the VLAN-to-instance mapping table describes the mapping relationships between VLANs and MST instances. In Figure 1-4, for example,...
  • Page 17 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Figure 1-4, for example, the common root bridge is a device in region A0. Boundary port A boundary port is a port that connects an MST region to another MST configuration, or to a single spanning-tree region running STP, or to a single spanning-tree region running RSTP.
  • Page 18 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Connecting to the common root bridge Edge ports Port 2 MST region Port 1 Master port Alternate port Port 6 Port 5 Backup port Designated port Port 3...
  • Page 19 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: When in different MST instances, a port can be in different states. The role a boundary port plays in an MSTI is consistent with the role it plays in the CIST.

  • Page 20: Protocols And Standards

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration calculation process, which is similar to spanning tree calculation in STP, for each spanning tree. For details, refer to How STP works. In MSTP, a VLAN packet is forwarded along the following paths: Within an MST region, the packet is forwarded along the corresponding MSTI.
  • Page 21 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Task Remarks Configuring an MST Region Required Specifying the Root Bridge or a Secondary Root Optional Bridge Configuring the Work Mode of MSTP Device Optional Configuring the Priority of the Current Device...

  • Page 22: Configuring The Root Bridge

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Task Remarks Performing mCheck Optional Configuring Digest Snooping Optional Configuring No Agreement Check Optional Configuring Protection Functions Optional Note: In a network containing switches with both GVRP and MSTP enabled, GVRP messages travel along the CIST.
  • Page 23 (a 802.1s-defined protocol selector, which is 0 by default and cannot be configured), MST region name, VLAN-to-MSTI mapping table, and revision level. The H3C series support only the MST region name, VLAN-to-MSTI mapping table, and revision level. Switches with the settings of these parameters being the same are assigned to the same MST region.

  • Page 24: Specifying The Root Bridge Or A Secondary Root Bridge

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.2 Specifying the Root Bridge or a Secondary Root Bridge MSTP can determine the root bridge of a spanning tree through MSTP calculation. Alternatively, you can specify the current device as the root bridge using the commands provided by the system.

  • Page 25: Configuring The Work Mode Of Mstp Device

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration There is one and only one root bridge in effect in a spanning tree instance. If two or more devices have been designated to be root bridges of the same spanning tree instance, MSTP will select the device with the lowest MAC address as the root bridge.

  • Page 26: Configuring The Priority Of The Current Device

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration In MSTP mode, all ports of the device send out MSTP BPDUs. If the device detects that it is connected with a legacy STP device, the port connecting with the legacy STP device will automatically migrate to STP-compatible mode.

  • Page 27: Configuring The Maximum Hops Of An Mst Region

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Caution: Upon specifying the current device as the root bridge or a secondary root bridge, you cannot change the priority of the device. During root bridge selection, if all devices in a spanning tree have the same priority, the one with the lowest MAC address will be selected as the root bridge of the spanning tree.

  • Page 28: Configuring The Network Diameter Of A Switched Network

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: A larger maximum hops setting means a larger size of the MST region. Only the maximum hops configured on the regional root bridge can restrict the size of the MST region.

  • Page 29: Configuring Timers Of Mstp

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.7 Configuring Timers of MSTP MSTP involves three timers: forward delay, hello time and max age. You can configure these three parameters for MSTP to calculate spanning trees.
  • Page 30 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Caution: The length of the forward delay time is related to the network diameter of the switched network. Typically, the larger the network diameter is, the longer the forward delay time should be.

  • Page 31: Configuring The Timeout Factor

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.8 Configuring the Timeout Factor After the network topology is stabilized, each non-root-bridge device forwards configuration BPDUs to the surrounding devices at the interval of hello time to check whether any link is faulty.

  • Page 32: Configuring Ports As Edge Ports

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration I. Configuration procedure Follow these steps to configure the maximum transmission rate of a port or a group of ports: To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view —...

  • Page 33: Configuring Whether Ports Connect To Point-To-Point Links

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration I. Configuration procedure Follow these steps to specify a port or a group of ports as edge port(s): To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view —...
  • Page 34 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration I. Configuration procedure Follow these steps to configure whether a port or a group of ports connect to point-to-point links: To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view —...

  • Page 35: Configuring The Mode A Port Uses To Recognize/Send Mstp Packets

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.3.12 Configuring the Mode a Port Uses to Recognize/Send MSTP Packets A port can send/recognize MSTP packets of two formats: 802.1s-compliant standard format, and Compatible format By default, the packet format recognition mode of a port is auto, namely the port automatically distinguishes the two MSTP packet formats, and determines the format of packets it will send based on the recognized format.

  • Page 36: Enabling The Output Of Port State Transition Information

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration II. Configuration example # Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to receive and send standard-format MSTP packets. <Sysname> system-view [Sysname] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 [Sysname-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] stp compliance dot1s 1.3.13 Enabling the Output of Port State Transition Information In a large-scale, MSTP-enabled network, there are a large number of MSTP instances, so ports may frequently transition from one state to another.

  • Page 37: Configuring Leaf Nodes

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Optional MSTP is disabled on ports Enable the MSTP feature by default and stp enable on the port(s) automatically enabled on all ports after it is enabled globally on the device.

  • Page 38: Configuring Ports As Edge Ports

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.4.5 Configuring Ports as Edge Ports Refer to Configuring Ports as Edge Ports in the section about root bridge configuration. 1.4.6 Configuring Path Costs of Ports Path cost is a parameter related to the rate of port-connected links. On an MSTP-compliant device, ports can have different priorities in different MST instances.
  • Page 39 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Private Link speed Duplex state 802.1d-1998 802.1t standard Single Port 200,000 Aggregated Link 2 Ports 100,000 100 Mbps Aggregated Link 3 Ports 66,666 Aggregated Link 4 Ports...

  • Page 40: Configuring Port Priority

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Required By default, MSTP Configure the path cost of stp [ instance instance-id ] automatically calculates the port(s) cost cost the path cost of each port.

  • Page 41: Configuring Whether Ports Connect To Point-To-Point Links

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Optional stp [ instance Configure the port priority instance-id ] port priority 128 for all Ethernet ports priority by default. Note: When the priority of a port is changed, MSTP will re-calculate the role of the port and initiate a state transition.

  • Page 42: Performing Mcheck

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.5 Performing mCheck Ports on an MSTP-compliant device have three working modes: STP compatible mode, RSTP mode, and MSTP mode. In a switched network, if a port on the device running MSTP (or RSTP) connects to a device running STP, this port will automatically migrate to the STP-compatible mode.

  • Page 43: Configuration Example

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Caution: The stp mcheck command is meaningful only when the device works in the MSTP (or RSTP) mode, not in the STP-compatible mode. 1.5.3 Configuration Example # Perform mCheck on port GigabitEthernet 1/0/1.

  • Page 44: Configuration Procedure

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration 1.6.2 Configuration Procedure Follow these steps to configure Digest Snooping: To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter Required Ethernet interface interface-type Use either command.

  • Page 45: Configuration Example

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Caution: You can only enable the Digest Snooping feature on the device connected to another vendor’s device that uses a private key to calculate the configuration digest.

  • Page 46: Configuring No Agreement Check

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration III. Configuration procedure Enable Digest Snooping on Device A # Enable Digest Snooping on GigabitEthernet1/0/1. <DeviceA> system-view [DeviceA] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 [DeviceA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] stp config-digest-snooping # Enable global Digest Snooping.

  • Page 47: Prerequisites

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Upstream Switch Downstream switch Proposal for rapid transition Root port blocks other non-edge ports , changes to forwarding state and sends Agreement to upstream switch Designated port...

  • Page 48: Configuration Example

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Required Enable No Agreement Check no-agreement-check Not enabled by default Note: The No Agreement Check feature can only take effect on the root port or Alternate port after enabled.

  • Page 49: Configuration Prerequisites

    Loop guard TC-BPDU attack guard Note: The S5500-SI series Ethernet switches support the BPDU guard, root guard and loop guard functions. Among loop guard, root guard and edge port setting, only one function can take effect on the same port at the same time.

  • Page 50: Enabling Root Guard

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Required Enable the BPDU guard stp bpdu-protection function on the device Disabled by default 1.8.3 Enabling Root Guard The root bridge and secondary root bridge of a panning tree should be located in the same MST region.

  • Page 51: Enabling Loop Guard

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter Required Ethernet interface interface-type Use either command. interface interface-number Configurations made in Enter view Ethernet interface view...

  • Page 52: Enabling Tc-Bpdu Attack Guard

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration To do... Use the command... Remarks Enter system view — system-view Enter Required Ethernet interface interface-type Use either command. interface interface-number Configurations made in Enter view Ethernet interface view...

  • Page 53: Displaying And Maintaining Mstp

    Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Note: We recommend that you keep this feature enabled. 1.9 Displaying and Maintaining MSTP To do... Use the command... Remarks View the information about Available in any...
  • Page 54 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Device A and Device B are convergence layer devices, while Device C and Device D are access layer devices. VLAN 10 and VLAN 30 are terminated on the...
  • Page 55 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration # Define Device A as the root bridge of MST instance 1. [DeviceA] stp instance 1 root primary # View the MST region configuration information that has taken effect.
  • Page 56 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration Configuration on Device C # Enter MST region view. <DeviceC> system-view [DeviceC] stp region-configuration [DeviceC-mst-region] region-name example # Configure the region name, VLAN-to-instance mappings and revision level of the MST region.
  • Page 57 Operation Manual – MSTP H3C S5500-SI Series Ethernet Switches Chapter 1 MSTP Configuration [DeviceD-mst-region] instance 3 vlan 30 [DeviceD-mst-region] instance 4 vlan 40 [DeviceD-mst-region] revision-level 0 # Activate MST region configuration manually. [DeviceD-mst-region] active region-configuration [DeviceD-mst-region] quit # View the MST region configuration information that has taken effect.

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