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Summary of Contents for LabSmith HVS448
- Page 1 LabSmith HVS448 High Voltage Sequencer User Guide Version 1.5 For operation and control of LabSmith HVS448™ High Voltage Sequencer and Sequence™ Driver Software...
- Page 2 This manual © 2020 LabSmith. Sequence Software ©2002-2020 LabSmith, Inc. No part of this document may be reproduced or distributed without the consent of LabSmith. LabSmith, HVS448 and Sequence are trademarks of LabSmith, Inc. Microsoft, Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Installing Sequence Software Grounding the HVS448 Channels Master Interlock Input Disable/Enable High Voltage High Voltage Connections Setting Up the HVS448 Hardware for Operation Using the Sequence Wizards to Create a Sequence File Simple Sequence Wizard Complex Sequence Wizard Running a Sequence CHAPTER 3. - Page 4 Integral Representation of Real Numbers Conditional Tests APPENDIX 1. MENUS AND TOOLBARS Menu Functions Toolbars APPENDIX 2. HVS448 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE APPENDIX 3. PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE Setting up the Experiment Writing the Sequence Running the Sequence APPENDIX 4. TROUBLESHOOTING – COMMON OPERATIONAL ERRORS...
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Page 5: Chapter 1. Introduction
2000 4000 How You Will Use the HVS448 In manual mode, you can independently set and monitor the eight channels of the HVS448 using the Sequence™ software ® interface or with other software such as LabVIEW In automated mode, you will enter a series of program steps and store the steps in a sequence file. The program can then be recalled and run using the HVS448 front panel, or with the Sequence™... -
Page 6: Cautions And Warnings
The LabSmith web site (www.labsmith.com) also includes helpful applications notes and other technical information to help you use the HVS448. If you are unable to find the information you need, please contact our technical support team at (925) 292- 5161, or email us at support@labsmith.com. Be prepared to give the HVS448 serial number (located on the bottom of the unit), software version and firmware version you are using. -
Page 7: Chapter 2. Getting Started
This method ensures that the HVS high-voltage signal does not cause voltage across another instrument. Attach the grounding pin to a grounding cable to ground all channels. If using LabSmith’s HVC cables, the HVS448 can be grounded by attaching any one of the grounding leads to a ground source. -
Page 8: Master Interlock Input
BNC connector located on the back panel of the HVS448. The interlock signal is TTL-compatible (0–5 V) and weakly pulled to 5 V via an ~20 kΩ internal resistor. When the interlock signal is in its high state (>0.8 V), the high voltage connectors are disconnected from the power supply by relays, and the internal high voltage supply is turned off. -
Page 9: Setting Up The Hvs448 Hardware For Operation
Plug the power cable from the back of the HVS448 into a 90–250 VAC power outlet. Connect the RS232 cable to the back of the HVS448 and to a free serial port on the PC. Note: If connecting to a computer without a RS232 port, use a RS232-USB adapter and attach to the computer’s USB port. - Page 10 Choose File>Save, then specify a location and file name to which to save the sequence file. It will be saved as a “.seq” file. Note: Once a file name has been specified, click OK to save the program and send it to the HVS448.
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Page 11: Complex Sequence Wizard
Complex Sequence Wizard The Complex Sequence Wizard (Figure 5) provides the same Name, Next Step and DC operations as described in the Simple wizard above. It also gives you the ability to apply a low frequency (1 kHz), sine, cosine, triangular or sawtooth wave to the applied voltage. -
Page 12: Running A Sequence
Disable/Enable High Send the settings to the HVS448. If the HVS448 is brought online after the program is written and saved, you will see the HVS is Online dialog (Figure 7). Check the Send the current sequence program to the HVS448 now box. -
Page 13: Chapter 3. Hvs448 Hardware
While the programming of the HVS448 must be done on a computer, once a sequence file has been sent to the HVS448, it can be operated using the front panel buttons. The front panel buttons typically work in pairs, by either of two methods: Select a channel or step (A–H) and then select a function to perform on that channel/step. -
Page 14: Front Panel Leds
Plug the power cable from the back of the HVS448 into a 90–250 VAC power outlet RS232 socket A RS232 cable is used to connect the HVS448 to a RS232 port on the host PC. Alternatively, a USB-to-serial adapter can be used with the RS232 cable to connect to a USB port on the PC. -
Page 15: Recalibrating The Channels
Recalibrating the Channels To ensure the highest accuracy and performance, the HVS448 should occasionally be recalibrated in normal use and must be recalibrated following a firmware upgrade, which overwrites all the internal calibration data. For operations of low current where current accuracy is critical, recalibration should be performed before each experiment. For these operations, the HVS448 should be powered up and left on for a minimum of 30 minutes prior to recalibration. -
Page 16: Chapter 4. Sequence Software Overview
File menu. When you turn on the HVS448, all of the high voltage channels act as “Inputs;” that is, they float to the driving voltage (if no external source is supplied, then they will indicate near 0 V). When you open a Sequence file, the channels remain inputs. Click the Update All button at the bottom of Sequence’s right pane to set all of the channels to the last selected settings. -
Page 17: Monitor Settings
- Sequencer opens the Sequencer Control Panel, an overview of the current sequence’s settings - Sequencer A–H opens the sequence for an individual channel - Step A–H shows a step within a sequence - Programmable Trigger Logic lets you define the logic of the signal sent to the digital input. Figure 10. -
Page 18: Chapter 5. High Voltage Power Supply: Manual Mode
CHAPTER 5. HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY: MANUAL MODE At its heart, the HVS448 is as a multi-channel high voltage power supply. In “manual” mode, you set power supply settings for each channel through the Sequence software, or through other driver software such as LabVIEW™. -
Page 19: Channel Output Limits
Settings) below. Note: The HVS448 has an overall maximum output current (value depends on the model, see Table 1). If the total of the current settings across all channels exceeds this maximum, the overload circuit will trip, and the outputs will temporarily become inputs (i.e., they float to the driving voltage). -
Page 20: Manual Power Supply Control Panel
Two other fault conditions are monitored. You don’t have the ability to change these behaviors: Fault Meaning If box is checked If box is not checked Error Message Temperature The sensor in the HVS Channel becomes Channel becomes an input “The supply exceeded limit exceeded indicates excessive heat... -
Page 21: Error Flags
If Monitoring is on for that channel, the Current slider will adjust to reflect the present current measurement (Figure 15). Figure 15. Click and Drag the Slider to Change Channel A’s Voltage Click and drag the right slider to set a target current for the channel to regulate. As you move the slider, the target current will be displayed. -
Page 22: Chapter 6. High Voltage Sequencing: Automated Mode
Run the experiment, using the HVS448 by itself or with the computer. Appendix 2. HVS448 System Architecture includes a diagram that shows the overall HVS448 system architecture. Master and Channel Sequencers The highest authority in this architecture is the Master Sequencer. It coordinates the functions of the eight Channel Sequencers (A –H), which control and monitor the high voltage inputs/outputs. -
Page 23: Orderly Step Flow
A “Run” instruction jumps immediately to a global program label. In the example: Run Initialize On switching to this step, the program “Initialize” will be run. It is good programming practice to use the “Run” instruction at least once for any step that is to be run by a user command for clarity, even when it is not necessary. -
Page 24: Sequence And Program Flow
Trigger Logic in a Sequence Four BNC inputs, in1 through in4, accept external trigger signals. These inputs are normally high, which represents a logical FALSE trigger value. Tying an input’s voltage low sets the trigger value to a logical 1, or TRUE. Each channel has a trigger output. -
Page 25: Monitoring And Interacting With An Automated Sequence
trigger = in1; // the trigger responds to input in2 during StepB StepC: Continue; StepD Continue; … with a channel program for regulating voltage as follows: Label Inject 500V Reg Voltage ; Stop In this example, the sequence controls program flow between two logical steps: an initialization phase, and a phase in which the channel regulates voltage. -
Page 26: Channel Sequence Control Panels
Error Reporting/Break Settings The HVS448 channels continuously check the validity of their settings. In response to invalid conditions, each channel can stop its sequence. You can control which errors will stop a sequence by clicking the Break on… button. The Stop the sequence on: dialog... -
Page 27: The Programming Interface
- Voltage at limit: The voltage exceeds the channel limits - Incompatible units: Mathematical operation attempted on numbers with mismatched units (e.g., voltage added to time) - Output setting beyond limits: The output of the power supply is exceeded All sequences will be suspended automatically if the internal temperature of the HVS exceeds its limits, or if the Master Interlock is released. -
Page 28: Editing Sequences
Editing Sequences As we’ve seen earlier, the Sequence Wizards give you a simple interface for writing sequences (see Using the Sequence Wizards to Create a Sequence File). Once a sequence is created, you have three options for editing a sequence or program: Edit an item directly it in the left pane Click on an item in the left pane, then edit its text in the right pane Use the Programming Keypad to enter commands. -
Page 29: Edit With The Programming Keypad
Click on a Step to view and edit its one instruction (Run, Continue or Exit) Click Programmable Trigger Logic to view and edit the logic for that channel and step Click a Program to view and edit its contents. Once you’ve displayed an object’s contents in the right pane, you can use standard text editing (including cut, copy and paste) to alter the code (Figure 27). -
Page 30: Error Checking And Parsing
To delete an instruction, select it in the left pane, then click the Delete button on the keypad. You can also highlight the text in the right pane and cut/delete it. Error Checking and Parsing Each time you enter an instruction, Sequence checks the syntax for you. If an error is found, the icon for the errant instruction will appear in red in the left pane. -
Page 31: Chapter 7. Channel Program Instructions
CHAPTER 7. CHANNEL PROGRAM INSTRUCTIONS HVS448 programming is relatively easy to learn: there are only about 40 instructions to understand. The following sections detail the instructions that are used in the Master and Channel Sequencers, which are referred to as “channels” for brevity. The... - Page 32 Call is executed when the stack is completely full, the bottom-most return location will be overwritten, so that when the seventeenth Return is executed, it will return to an indeterminate (invalid) location. Normal programs are unlikely to approach the stack capacity. However, a user may choose to write programs that do not always return from calls a variety of reasons.
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Page 33: Inter-Channel Signaling And Triggering
This function returns to the instruction following the last Call instruction. Notes: Executing a Return for which there is no valid Call produces an indeterminate (invalid) result. See the discussion for the Call command. SwitchTo Usage: SwitchTo Step{A–H} This command causes all channels immediately to execute the Step instruction for the prescribed step. Notes: All channels can execute this instruction, although it is good programming procedure to have only one channel, usually the Master, execute this instruction and thus control program flow. - Page 34 SetFlag SetFlag {F1, F2, F3, F4} Usage: This instruction sets the specified flag. The flag can be released by executing the RelFlag instruction. Notes: More than one channel can set a flag. RelFlag RelFlag {F1, F2, F3, F4} Usage: This instruction releases the specified flag. a flag is only “cleared” when all channels that set a flag have, in turn, released the flag.
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Page 35: Channel Functions
Goto ; Get here when the trigger input is set Channel Functions Channel functions determine how a channel will perform and how its status will appear on the front panel of the HVS448. Reg {Voltage, Current, None} Usage: The instruction Reg sets the regulation mode of the channel:... -
Page 36: Register Functions
-1mA Reg Current ; Now regulate to -1 mA (1 mA into the channel) Pause Reg None ; Make the channel a high-impedance input LED {Green, Red, Off} Usage: The instruction LED sets the state of the front panel LED indicator for the channel: LED Green: Display a green indicator light. -
Page 37: Calculator Functions
You, as the user, do NOT need to convert these values—Sequence takes care of the conversion. Note: Sequence software assigns each value the appropriate units. The HVS448 checks that compatible units are used for addition and subtraction operations and can be set to trip and/or break if such an error is detected (for example, adding a voltage to a duration). - Page 38 Enter Enter Usage: The instruction Enter makes a copy of the X register and adds it to the numerical stack. Example: ; X contains 10 16 ms ; X contains 16 ms, Y contains 10 Enter ; X contains 16 ms, Y contains 16 ms DropX DropX Usage:...
- Page 39 The instruction - removes the top two numbers on the stack (X and Y) and places the difference of these numbers, Y – X, at the top of the stack (X). Example: ; X contains 10 ; X contains 16, Y contains 10 ;...
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Page 40: Conditional Tests
Usage: Abs replaces the value in X with its absolute value. The rest of the stack is unaffected. Example: ; X contains -10 ; X contains 10 ; X contains 10 Usage X^2 replaces the value in X with the square of the value. The rest of the stack is unaffected. Example: ;... - Page 41 X and Y Register Comparisons X<Y?; etc. Usage: These instructions test the values of the numbers in X and Y: X<Y?: X is less than Y? X <=Y?: X is less than or equal to Y? X= Y?: X is equal to Y? X!=Y?: X is not equal to Y? X>=Y?:...
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Page 42: Appendix 1. Menus And Toolbars
LED next to the power button glows a steady red and all buttons are dark. Unlock Front Panel allows front panel control of the HVS448. This is the default condition. When the panel is unlocked, the power LED glows green and the front panel buttons are illuminated. -
Page 43: Toolbars
Toolbars The toolbar icons give you fast access to a number of useful functions: New opens a new sequence file. Open lets you open an existing sequence file. Save stores the current sequence settings to an .seq file. Cut lets you cut text within your sequence programming. Copy lets you copy text within your programming. -
Page 44: Appendix 2. Hvs448 System Architecture
APPENDIX 2. HVS448 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Master Step[1-8] F[1-4] Digital Master Inputs High Voltage Inputs/Outputs Sequencer Channel Input Output Step[1-8] F[1-4] Hi gh V oltage SHV B NC Sequencer Channel Input Output Step[1-8] F[1-4] Hi gh V oltage SHV B NC... -
Page 45: Appendix 3. Programming Example
Figure 31. Diagram of basic cross microfluidic chip. Reservoir Guide: A=Sample; B=Buffer waste; C= Sample waste; D=Buffer The HVS448 High Voltage sequencer will control the electric fields to perform a two-step automated sequence. In the first step, “LOAD,” the voltages will control a flow from reservoir A to reservoir C. Voltages applied to B and D will be used to “pinch” the flow at the intersection and define a time-independent sample plug size. - Page 46 Table 4. HVS Sequence Programming Voltages for Caliper NS12 A Chip Reservoir Load (V) Inject (V) Sample -600 Buffer Waste -1500 -100 Sample Waste Buffer -792 -1500 Figure 32. Example: Simple Sequence Wizard Electrokinetic Pinched Injection on a Chip. Step A – Loading Click on the Step B tab to view its settings.
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Page 47: Running The Sequence
Figure 33. Example: Simple Sequence Wizard Electrokinetic Pinched Injection on a Chip. Step B– Injection Running the Sequence Click Sequence in the left pane to open the Manual Sequence Control Panel. Press A at the bottom of the control panel to run the Loading voltage sequence. On the Manual Sequence Control Panel you should now see channels A-D maintaining the voltages from Table 4. -
Page 48: Appendix 4. Troubleshooting - Common Operational Errors
Red LED above ALL will glow Green when an when interlock is not electrical connection is achieved. satisfied. Wrong HVS model View>Options>HVS448 Model> select selected correct model. HVS not connected to See can’t communicate with computer pp.8, computer (below).
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