Jonker Sailplanes JS1 Revelation Flight Manual
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Jonker Sailplanes JS1 Revelation Flight Manual

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JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4

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  • Page 1 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4...
  • Page 2 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 JS1 REVELATION FLIGHT MANUAL Model: JS1-A / B, C-18 / C-21 Serial number: Registration Number: Document 1A-5.04.10 number: Title: JS1 Revelation Flight Manual Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Prepared by: Name: J.S.U. Jonker...
  • Page 3 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 GENERAL Record of Revision Any revision of the present manual, except actual weighing data, must be recorded in the following table and, in case of approved sections, endorsed by the Agency. The new or amended text in the revised page will be indicated by a black vertical line in the left hand margin, and the revision number and the date will be shown on the bottom left hand of the page.
  • Page 4 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Rev. Affected Affected Date of Description Approved Date of Date of Signature Section Pages Issue Approval Insertion Date of issue: 26 May 2016 SACAA Approved section Page...
  • Page 5 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Page Date of Page Date of Page Date of Page Date of Issue Issue Issue Issue 26.05.16 26.05.16 26.05.16 26.05.16 2-19 4-32 26.05.16 26.05.16 26.05.16 26.05.16 2-20 4-33 26.05.16 26.05.16 26.05.16 26.05.16 2-21...
  • Page 6 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Page Date of Page Date of Page Date of Page Date of Issue Issue Issue Issue 26.05.16 26.05.16 6-11 7-21 26.05.16 26.05.16 6-12 7-22 26.05.16 26.05.16 6-13 7-23 26.05.16 26.05.16 6-14 7-24 26.05.16 26.05.16 6-15 7-25 26.05.16...
  • Page 7 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS General Approved Section 1 Limitations Approved Section 2 Emergency procedures Approved Section 3 Normal operating procedures Approved Section 4 Performance Partially approved Section 5 Weight and balance Accepted Section 6 System description Accepted Section 7 Handling and maintenance...
  • Page 8 This Flight Manual has been prepared to provide pilots and instructors with all the information required for safe and efficient operation of the JS1 Revelation. All the data that is required by the Airworthiness Requirement CS-22 to furnish the pilot is contained in this manual. It also contains supplementary data supplied by the sailplane manufacturer.
  • Page 9 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 1.2 Certification basis This aircraft, with production designation “JS-1A Revelation” or “JS-1B Revelation” has been approved by the South African Civil Aviation Authority (SACAA) in accordance with CS-22 including Amendment AMC 22.1555 (a), AMC 22.1585 (f). The type certificate no.
  • Page 10 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 1.4 Descriptive data The JS1 Revelation is a high-performance single-seat sailplane of conventional layout with a T-tail. Two wingspan configurations (18 m and 21 m) can be selected, both of which feature full-span flaperons The cockpit is designed to protect the pilot in the event of a crash.
  • Page 11 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 1.5 Technical data Geometry JS1-A/B JS1-C 18m JS1-C 21m 18 m 21 m Wing Span 59.06 ft 68.88 ft 11.19 m² 11.25 m² 12.25 m² Wing Area 120.45 ft 121.09 ft 131.86 ft Aspect Ratio 28.8 35.9 Fuselage Length (JS1-A)
  • Page 12 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 1.6 Three-view drawings 1.6.1 JS1-B Figure 1.6.1-1 Date of issue: Page 1 - 5 26 May 2016 SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 13 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 1.6.2 JS1-C 18 m Figure 1.6.2-1 Date of issue: Page 1 - 6 26 May 2016 SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 14 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 1.6.3 JS1-C 21 m Figure 1.6.3-1 Date of issue: Page 1 - 7 26 May 2016 SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 15 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2. Limitations 2.1 Introduction Section 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards necessary for safe operation of the aircraft, its engine, standard systems and standard equipment. The limitations included in this section and in Section 9 have been approved by the SACAA.
  • Page 16 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.2 Airspeed limits Speed limitations and their operational significance are shown below: Speed Remarks 18 m 21 m Do not exceed this speed in any Never exceed 290 km/h 270 km/h operation and do not use more speed 157 kts 146 kts...
  • Page 17 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 The following table shows the maximum allowable airspeed for each flap setting: Deflection Flap setting (°) 18 m 21 m -3° 270 km/h 290km/h 146 kts 157kts +0° +5° 230km/h / 124kts +13.5° 170km/h / 92kts +16.6°...
  • Page 18 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.3 Airspeed indicator marking The airspeed indicator markings and their colour code significance are given in Table 2.3.0-1: Marking Significance 18 m 21 m Positive Flap Operating Range. (Lower limit is 98 to 160km/h White 1.1 V in landing configuration at maximum...
  • Page 19 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.4 Power plant fuel and oil Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 2.4 2.5 Power plant instrument markings Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 2.5 Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page 2 - 5 SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 20 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.6 Mass The mass limitations for the JS1 are given in Table 2.6.0-1: Mass limits Mass definition 18 m 21 m 600 kg 720 kg Maximum All-Up Mass 1323 lbs 1587 lbs Maximum Take-Off Mass for winch 600 kg 600 kg launching...
  • Page 21 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.7 Centre of gravity The following table shows the allowable CG range for the JS1 in the 18 m and 21 m configurations: Distance from datum Centre of Gravity range (in flight) 18 m 21 m 244 mm 269 mm...
  • Page 22 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Table 2.7.0-2 gives the forward and rear centre of gravity limits (no payload) for different empty masses that will allow a cockpit range of 70kg to 115kg. Empty Centre of Gravity range Forward limit to allow a Rear limit to allow Empty mass maximum cockpit load of...
  • Page 23 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.8 Approved manoeuvres This aircraft is certified in the Utility category (U). The following aerobatic manoeuvres are permitted in the 18 m configuration only:  Lazy Eight  Chandelle  Steep turns  Positive loops ...
  • Page 24 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.9 Flight load factor limits The minimum and maximum approved manoeuvring loads are given in the Table 2.9.0-1 below: Load Condition factor 18 m 21 m 203km/h Maximum positive manoeuvre + 5.3 110kts 203km/h Maximum negative manoeuvre - 2.65 110kts...
  • Page 25 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.10 Flight crew The minimum and maximum pilot mass is indicated on the cockpit placard. Minimum cockpit load: 70 kg (154.3 lbs) Maximum cockpit load: 115 kg (253.5 lbs) CAUTION: If the measured empty CG is not within the normal empty mass CG range, the minimum and maximum cockpit loads must be calculated and the cockpit placard values corrected accordingly.
  • Page 26 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.11 Types of operation The JS-1 Revelation is approved for:  VFR day  Cloud flying only in 18 m configuration without water ballast where national regulations permit NOTE: For Cloud flying the take-off mass must not exceed the Maximum Take-Off Mass without Water ballast as given in Section 2.6, and engine must be retracted (if fitted).
  • Page 27 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.12 Minimum equipment list Instruments and other equipment on the minimum equipment list must be approved. Refer to the accessory approval section in the JS1 REVELATION Maintenance Manual for details. The minimum equipment:  Pitot-static type airspeed indicator, scale 50 to 350km/h (27 to 189kts), colour markings in accordance with Section 2.3 ...
  • Page 28 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.13 Aerotow and winch launching Maximum approved towing speeds and recommended weak link ratings for the JS-1 are listed in Table 2.13.0-1. Maximum Maximum Recommended Launch Method Speed Speed Weak link (18 m) (21 m) 750 daN Winch or 150km/h /...
  • Page 29 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.14 Other limitations 2.14.1 Limitations when flying with water ballast Intentional manoeuvres not permitted when flying with water ballast:  Loops  Chandelles  Lazy Eights  All aerobatic manoeuvres listed in the Aerobatic category ...
  • Page 30 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.14.3 Temperature restrictions when carrying water Flights with water ballast are prohibited in conditions where there is a risk of icing. When the outside air temperature is below 0°C (32°F), water ballast must be dumped or a descent to lower altitudes (higher temperatures) must be conducted.
  • Page 31 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.14.5 Limitations of high speed flight If there are any indications that an airspeed limit may be exceeded (e.g. when flying in wave rotor, near thunderstorms or other turbulent conditions), extend the airbrakes carefully before exceeding 200 km/h (108 kts).
  • Page 32 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 2.15 Limitations placards The placards given in Figure 2.15.0-1 and Figure 2.15.0-2 are fixed to the left side wall of the cockpit and contain the most important mass and speed limitations. Figure 2.15.0-1 Figure 2.15.0-2 The placard given in Figures 2.15.0-1 and 2.15.0-2 must list the same units as the airspeed indicator.
  • Page 33 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 The calculated minimum and maximum cockpit loads must be entered with a permanent marker on the cockpit placard (as illustrated in Fig 2.15.0-4) and must correlate with the values in the mass and balance report.
  • Page 34 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3. Emergency procedures 3.1 Introduction Section 3 provides checklist and amplified procedures for coping with emergencies that may occur. 3.2 Canopy jettison To jettison the canopy pull both left and right canopy jettison latches (labelled or engraved as in the picture below) as far as possible and push the canopy upward with the latches.
  • Page 35 (and if possible try to dive underneath the wing). 5. Deploy the parachute in accordance the manufacturer’s instructions. CAUTION: Due to the JS1 REVELATION’s high maximum airspeed and because extremely high airspeeds can built up very quickly following a mid-air collision, it is recommended to use a parachute approved for speeds up to 400km/h.
  • Page 36 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.4 Stall recovery The JS1 has a very mild stall with ample warning. Stalls can easily be recognised by the following:  The nose is in a higher than normal attitude relative to the horizon ...
  • Page 37 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.5 Spin recovery Spin recovery is performed using the standard recovery procedures: 1. Apply rudder opposite direction to the spin rotation 2. Simultaneously release the elevator back pressure by moving the stick forward to the neutral position 3.
  • Page 38 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 If the spin is entered with a high incident angle, the nose will oscillate in pitch during the first two rotations. After approximately one rotation, the nose will (with very aft CG positions) rise above the horizon before stabilizing in a nose down spin attitude.
  • Page 39 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.7 Excessive sideslip recovery An excessive sideslip may occur when the pilot applies full cross control input. At a slip angle exceeding 20° (approximately 40° on the yaw string) rudder control forces reverse as the rudder is sucked into the wake of the stalled fin.
  • Page 40 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.8 Engine failure – Jet turbine Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 3.2. 3.9 Fire 3.9.1 Engine fire on the ground Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 3.3 3.9.2 Engine fire in flight Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 3.3 Date of issue: 26 May 2016...
  • Page 41 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.9.3 Electrical fire An electrical fire is very unlikely due to the protection with circuit breakers for all systems. Each battery has a fuse at the terminals and each battery supply has a circuit breaker switch on the instrument panel.
  • Page 42 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.10 Other emergencies 3.10.1 Cable failure during winch launch In case of a cable failure during a winch launch, take the following actions: 1. Immediately push the stick sufficiently forward to establish a nose-down attitude in order to regain flying speed. 2.
  • Page 43 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.10.2 Flight with asymmetric water ballast load Asymmetric water ballast load may develop during flight if: 1. A main tank dump valve leaks 2. One main tank dumps water faster than that the other, due to a partial opening valve, or dumping during prolonged unbalanced flight 3.
  • Page 44 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 a. Visually check if water is dumping from both wings (the water trails can be seen below the wings near the fuselage, and at the tips in the 21 m configuration). b. If both valves are dumping, keep dumping until both wings empty.
  • Page 45 3.10.3 Spin recovery procedure with asymmetric water ballast load It may be possible to recover the JS1 REVELATION from a spin with a significant asymmetric water ballast loading, provided correct recovery procedures are followed. The high rotation rate of approximately 120°...
  • Page 46 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.10.4 Emergency landing with landing gear retracted Emergency landings with the landing gear retracted are not recommended because the energy absorption ability of the spring mounted landing gear is much higher than the fuselage shell. However if an emergency landing with the landing gear retracted is inevitable, then land with the flaps in Position L.
  • Page 47 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 3.10.6 Icing Controls may freeze up when flying in icing conditions. If ice formation is observed during flight, immediately descend below the freezing altitude level. Control surfaces should be moved continuously and airbrakes operated frequently to avoid flight control freezing. The direct vision panel can be opened to increase visibility.
  • Page 48 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4. Normal operating procedures 4.1 Introduction Section 4 provides checklist and amplified procedures for the conduct of normal operations. Normal operations associated with optional systems can be found in Section 9. Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 49 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.2 Rigging and de-rigging 4.2.1 Rigging The JS1 REVELATION can be rigged by three people without rigging aids or by two people if a fuselage cradle and wing stands are available. Wing rigging 1. Check that there is adequate ground clearance to extend the landing gear.
  • Page 50 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 11. Secure the main pins by rotating the pin upwards into the spring- loaded locks pins. 12. Extend and lock the landing gear, then lower aircraft onto the wheel. 13. For JS1-A and JS1-B, pull wingtip pins fully back and slide wingtip beam into main wing.
  • Page 51 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Mount tailplane 1. Clean the tailplane pins and bushes 2. Slide the tailplane onto the fin. Take care that the elevators are sliding into the elevator auto-coupler. 3. Make sure the Mylar edge on the tailplane does not snag on the fin.
  • Page 52 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Install Auxiliary items 1. Insert the batteries into position in the luggage compartment behind the seat headrest and under the seat pan or in the tail. Secure the batteries in position with the battery retainers. 2.
  • Page 53 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.2.2 De-rigging Ensure the non-expendable tail tank is drained of water. Remove Auxiliary items 1. Remove the main batteries. Lock the battery retainers back in position. 2. Remove the total energy tube and temporary equipment (Logger etc.) Install the “Remove before flight”-cover in the multi probe receptacle.
  • Page 54 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Removing the wings 1. Unlock the airbrakes from the cockpit 2. Set the flap handle in Position 2 or Position 3 and move the control stick to the centre position. 3. If bug wipers are fitted, release both wipers by approximately 1.5 meters and place them in a safe place while de-rigging the sailplane.
  • Page 55 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 12. Carefully wind the bug wipers (if fitted) back into the wiper- garages, while maintaining slight tension on the retrieve cable. 13. Push the fuselage into the trailer NOTE: To avoid loading the airbrake caps, do not leave the airbrakes locked on the ground (either rigged or de- rigged).
  • Page 56 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.3.1 Forward fuselage 1. Check functionality of the nose release hook 4.3.2 Cockpit 1. Ensure the canopy is clean 2. Check the canopy emergency release mechanism: pull back both red jettison latches slowly. Care should be taken not the release the canopy completely without having assistance to prevent it from falling.
  • Page 57 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 10. Ensure the condition and operation of the safety belts, especially where they pass through the seat back 4.3.3 Landing gear Visually inspect the mechanism and locks Check the condition of the shock absorbing rubbers Check the tyre pressure –...
  • Page 58 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Check that the flaperons move freely with no hinge play. Perform a positive control check on the inboard and outboard flap. Check that wing tip wheels are in good condition – the clearance between the flap trailing edge and the ground in positive flap with maximum aileron deflection must be at least 10mm.
  • Page 59 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.3.6 Tail section General condition - check for evidence of damage to the surface finish or structural damage, pressure marks and cracks. Check that the Total energy multi-probe receptacle is clear. Drain all possible water from the receptacle (if the probe was left in position during rain) by removing the multi-probe and then lifting the tail approximately one meter off the ground.
  • Page 60 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.3.7 Jet sustainer Inspect the jet system in accordance with JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 4. Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page - 13 SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 61 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.4 Pre-flight check Daily Inspection Performed Control Systems Functional check, positively connected, free movement and no play Valve opening positively checked Expendable Tail Tank (bottom) Non-expendable Tail Ensure empty or correctly loaded for CG Tank (top) range Water Ballast System...
  • Page 62 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5 Normal procedures and recommended speeds 4.5.1 Launch procedures 4.5.1.1 Winch launch Winch launching is performed using the CG hook in front of the main wheel. With a slow-accelerating winch, good aileron control is achieved using Flap 3.
  • Page 63 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 WARNING: Retracting the landing gear during the winch launch is not permitted. To release, pull the yellow release handle all the way. Releasing under tension is not recommended, as this may cause overruns on the winch drum.
  • Page 64 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.1.2 Aerotow Aerotows are performed using the nose release hook. Refer to Section 2.13 for rope lengths. Set the trim slightly forward of neutral and initiate the ground run in negative flap (Flap setting 1). This will increase aileron efficiency at low speeds.
  • Page 65 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.2 Self-launch procedures 4.5.2.1 Engine start, run-up, taxi procedures Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 2.8 4.5.2.2 Self-launch Refer to JS1 Jet Sustainer Flight Manual Supplement Section 2.8 Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page - 18 SACAA Approved section...
  • Page 66 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.3 Flight REVELATION offers exceptionally good flying characteristics, handling and manoeuvrability. 4.5.3.1 Thermalling The optimum flap setting for thermalling is Position 4 or 5. Flap setting 4 is the normal thermalling flap setting. The optimum thermal speed at maximum loading is 105 to 115km/h (57 to 62kts).
  • Page 67 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.3.2 Inter thermal cruise To optimise the glide performance, it is important to select the proper flap according to weight and cruise speed. The flaps modify the airfoil’s camber, maintaining laminar flow over a wide range of lift coefficients.
  • Page 68 Inflight engine stop procedure Refer to 1A-5.04.50 JS TJ-42 Jet Sustainer Manual Section 4.9. 4.5.3.6 Lightning The JS1 REVELATION is not approved for flight where lightning strikes may occur. WARNING: Flights in conditions conducive to lightning strikes must be avoided.
  • Page 69 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.4 Approach The circuit can be flown with flap set to Setting 3 to 5 (+5° to +16.7°). On final approach for landing the flaps can be changed to Position L (+20°) for a shorter landing with lower touch down speed. Due to high aerodynamic forces, flaps may not be extended to setting L above 160km/h (or 86kts).
  • Page 70 Always lower the landing gear, especially in the case of an emergency landing. NOTE: Side-slipping the JS1 Revelation on final approach is not recommended as this is an inefficient method to increase the sink rate. However, the aircraft can be side-slipped up to a speed of 203 km/h (110 kts).
  • Page 71 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.5 Landing The correct attitude for landing is the two-point attitude with the main wheel and tail wheel making contact with the ground simultaneously. The hydraulic wheel brake is activated in the aft 20% of airbrake lever range.
  • Page 72 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.6 Flying with water ballast The water ballast system allows the weight of the aircraft to be increased to achieve higher wing loadings. The water tanks are integral in the wings. In the 18 m configuration water is only carried in the inboard section. Each inboard wing tank holds approximately of 90 litres of water.
  • Page 73 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 4.5.6-1 indicates the expandable water quantity required to balance the water in the main inboard wing tanks. Figure 4.5.6- 1 NOTE: As a conservative approximation, add 1 litre of water in the bottom tail tank for every 25 litres of water in the main inboard wing tanks.
  • Page 74 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Filling procedure Determine the quantity of water ballast to be carried. quantity of water ballast in the tail is calculated using the graph in Fig 4.5.6-1. Determine the quantity of water to be loaded in each tank. In the 21 m configuration the tips must be filled if water is carried in the main tanks.
  • Page 75 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Dumping procedure 1. Open the valves by shifting the dump valve lever forward and down. Approximately 40 litres will be dumped in sixty seconds from the main tanks. 2. To dump the ballast only partially, the inboard wings must be dumped first.
  • Page 76 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 WARNING: Check for the correct dumping sequence. The tail tank must finish dumping before the main wing tanks to ensure safe shifting of CG. WARNING: The wing tips must be filled with water ballast if the main tanks or fuselage tanks are filled (even partially filled) WARNING: No tail ballast compensation is required for water loaded in the 21 m tips.
  • Page 77 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.7 High altitude flight At higher altitudes the Air Speed Indicator will indicate values lower than the true airspeed due to the lower air density. This does not influence loads on the structure but does mean that the colour markings on the Air Speed Indicator are not correct at high density altitude.
  • Page 78 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 The placard given in Figure 4.5.7-2 must list the same units as the airspeed indicator. Refer to the Maintenance manual for the placards with other units. Figure 4.5.7- 2 WARNING: The aircraft is not approved for flights above 9000m (30000ft) above mean sea level.
  • Page 79 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.8 Flight in rain When flying in rain, it can be expect that there will be a decrease in glide performance. The airfoil is specially designed not to have any loss in lift when contaminated and the stall speed is relatively unaffected by rain and bugs.
  • Page 80 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.9 Using bug wipers in flight The operation of the bug wipers in flight depends on the winder system installed. Refer to the instructions of the winder manufacturer for details on the operation. The following basic rules apply. Ensure sufficient battery capacity is available to perform the cleaning operation and select the correct battery source for the winders.
  • Page 81 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 4.5.10 Aerobatics The entry speeds and recommended maximum G-loading for approved aerobatic manoeuvres is given in table below. Entry speed Aerobatic entry Flap speed setting loading km/h / (kts) Lazy Eight 180km/h (97kts) Chandelle 150km/h (81kts) Steep turn 150km/h (81kts)
  • Page 82 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5. Performance 5.1 Introduction Section 5 provides approved data for airspeed calibration, stall speeds, take-off performance and non-approved further information. The data in the charts has been computed from actual flight tests with the sailplane in good condition and using average piloting techniques. Partially approved section Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page...
  • Page 83 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5.2 Approved data 5.2.1 Airspeed indicator calibration During airspeed calibration tests, the airspeed indicating system was found to be accurate to within 2% over the whole range from V . Figure 5.2.1-1 gives the airspeed correction table. Indicated Airspeed (kts) Indicated Airspeed (km/h) Figure 5.2.1- 1...
  • Page 84 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5.2.2 Stall speeds The stall speeds (IAS) for the 18 m and 21 m configurations of the JS1 Revelation are given in Tables 5.2.2-1, Tables 5.2.2-2, and Tables 5.2.2-3: Table 5.2.2.-1 gives the stall speeds for the JS1-B and JS1-C (18 m configuration) with Airbrakes retracted and CG in the mid to rear position: 18 m configuration (mid CG)
  • Page 85 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Table 5.2.2.-3 gives the stall speed with Airbrakes retracted and CG in the foremost position in the 21 m configuration: 21 m configuration Gross weight 500 kg / 1103 lbs 720 kg / 1587 lbs Minimum Achievable Minimum Achievable Flap Setting...
  • Page 86 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5.2.3 Take-off performance Not applicable to self-sustaining glider. 5.2.4 Additional information 5.2.4.1 Turbulators On the lower surface of the flaperons there is a line of blow holes supplying air by NACA ducts. It is necessary to keep these holes and ducts clean for optimum performance.
  • Page 87 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5.3 Non-approved information 5.3.1 Demonstrated crosswind performance REVELATION very good crosswind handling characteristic due to its polyhedral wing shape allowing high bank angles during touch down. The maximum demonstrated crosswind components are: During aerotow: 25km/h (14kts) During winch launch: 25km/h (14kts)
  • Page 88 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5.3.2 Flight polar Figure 5.3.2-1 shows the calculated polar for the JS1 in the 18 m for two wing loading cases: Figure 5.3.2- 1 Page Date of issue: 26 May 2016 SACAA Accepted page...
  • Page 89 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 5.3.2-2 shows the calculated polar for the JS1 in the 21 m for two wing loading cases: Figure 5.3.2- 2 Page Date of issue: 26 May 2016 SACAA Accepted page...
  • Page 90 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 5.3.3 Noise data Not applicable to the pure sailplane or self-sustaining aircraft. Page Date of issue: 26 May 2016 SACAA Accepted page...
  • Page 91 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6. Weight and balance 6.1 Introduction This section contains the payload range for the JS1 REVELATION sailplane within which it can be operated safely. The procedures for weighing and establishing the permitted payload range is given in JS1 REVELATION Maintenance Manual, including: ...
  • Page 92 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Permitted pilot weights S/N: Empty Empty weight Without tail With ___ kg Approved Date position EMPTY battery Tail Battery Date Signed Table 6.2.0- 1 For the calculation of the permitted maximum and minimum pilot weight refer to formulas given in the Maintenance Manual.
  • Page 93 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.3 Permitted payload-range and CG envelope The JS1 CG envelope is based on the allowable flying mass and CG ranges given in Section 2.7. Care must be taken that the CG stays within the allowable limits. The following loads have an effect on the CG position: ...

  • Page 94: Table Of Contents

    JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8 7 3 9 10 11 6 4 5 Figure 6.3.0-1 Max Mass Moment arm Loading point inch Pilot (with parachute) 253.5 -575 -22.6 Pilot Nose ballast 24.3 -1760 -69.3 NoseB (removable) Water ballast - main 396.8 WingM Expendable tail tank...
  • Page 95 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 NOTE: The moment arm of the main water ballast tanks is a conservative approximation - the moment arm changes from 190mm to 200mm as the main tanks are filled. CAUTION: Various types of tail batteries are used. In Table 6.3.0-1 a tail battery weighing 2.7kg (5.95lbs) is listed.
  • Page 96 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Example: Determine if the following loading falls within the allowable envelope:  Empty aircraft: 312kg, CG position 622mm  Pilot with parachute weighs 90kg  Both main tank and expendable tail tanks filled to capacity. ...

  • Page 97: Figure

    JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 6.3.0-2 Date of issue: Page 6 - 7 26 May 2016 SACAA Accepted section...
  • Page 98 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 6.3.0-3 gives the envelope for the 21 m configuration. Figure 6.3.0-3 Date of issue: Page 6 - 8 26 May 2016 SACAA Accepted section...
  • Page 99 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4 Optimisation of centre of gravity The centre of gravity may be shifted toward the aft 25% of the CG to obtain optimum climb performance. The procedure to set up the CG optimally is as follows: 1.

  • Page 100: Loading Point

    JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4.1 Expendable tail tank This tank is used only to offset the centre of gravity change due to the water ballast in the main wing tanks. Mass Moment arm Loading point inch Expendable tail tank 16.5 4630 182.3...

  • Page 101: Tail Battery

    JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4.2 Tail battery Installing the tail battery moves the centre of gravity aft. The required minimum cockpit weight is higher when the tail battery is installed. The table below indicates the maximum weight and moment arm of the fin battery.
  • Page 102 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4.3 Fuselage tanks (optional) Fuselage tanks may optionally be installed instead of the fuel tanks of the sustainer system. Filling the fuselage tanks moves the centre of gravity aft. The required minimum cockpit weight is higher when water is added to the fuselage tanks.

  • Page 103: Fuel Tank - Top

    JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4.4 Fuel tanks Fuselage tanks are installed as part of the Jet Sustainer system. Filling the fuselage tanks moves the centre of gravity aft. The required minimum cockpit weight is higher when fuel is added to the fuselage tanks.
  • Page 104 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4.5 Non-expendable tail tank Adding water to the non-expendable ballast tail tank moves the centre of gravity rearwards. The required minimum cockpit weight increases when water is added to the tail tank. The table below indicates the maximum weight and moment arm of the non-expendable ballast tank.
  • Page 105 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 6.4.6 Removable nose ballast weights Installing nose ballast weights moves the centre of gravity forward. The required minimum cockpit weight becomes lower when nose weights are installed. The table below indicates the maximum weight and moment arm of the nose trimming weights.
  • Page 106 This section gives a description of the aircraft systems together with instruction on the use of it. A detailed technical description of the systems with drawings can be found in the JS1 REVELATION Maintenance manual Section 2. The main aim of this section is to describe the controls, their labels and layout in the aircraft.
  • Page 107 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.2 Cockpit controls 7.2.1 Elevator and aileron The elevator and aileron are controlled conventionally by the control stick. Various stick grip options are available with integrated instrument control buttons or just the radio transmit button (press-to- talk).
  • Page 108 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.2.2 Trim The trim knob (green knob) is located on the left side of the cockpit below the airbrake lever. Two trim installation options are available:  the trigger trim system, and  the slider trim system Trigger trim system: If the trigger system is installed, the trim is set by pressing and releasing the trigger lever on the stick.
  • Page 109 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Slider trim system: If the slider trim system is installed, the trim can be adjusted when the trim knob is pressed downwards. Moving the trim knob has the following effect on the elevator control: Forward - nose down force Backwards -...
  • Page 110 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.2.3 Rudder The rudder is controlled by the rudder pedals in the front section of the fuselage. The rudder pedal fore and aft position is adjustable in-flight for comfort and to accommodate different size pilots. The rudder pedal adjuster handle is built into the side of the centre console.
  • Page 111 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.2.4 Flap The flap control (Figure 7.2.4-1a) is the black handle at the left-hand side of the cockpit. The flap handle can be unlocked by twisting it slightly clockwise as seen from the rear. Flap Lever Figure 7.2.4-1a...
  • Page 112 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.2.5 Release system The nose and CG hooks are operated simultaneously when the release handle is pulled. The release handle is the yellow handle positioned on the left-hand cockpit side in front of the flap handle (Figure 7.2.5-1). Figure 7.2.5- 1 Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page...
  • Page 113 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.2.6 Ventilation control The cockpit ventilation is controlled with two air vents: 1. The Adjustable Ball type vent, installed in the right cockpit console (Figure 7.2.6-1) 2. The Scoop window fitted on the sliding window (optional). The canopy demisting is achieved by vent holes permanently allowing airflow on the front of the canopy.
  • Page 114 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.3 Instrument panel The instrument panel is integral with the canopy and lifts to facilitate entering and exiting from the aircraft. The canopy can be removed from the instrument console by supporting the canopy and pulling back on both red jettison levers on the sides of the canopy frame.
  • Page 115 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 7.3.0- 2 NOTE: The master switch block and fuse area may vary from the examples shown above, according to the owner’s requirements and language. 7.4 Microphone and antenna The plugs for microphone and antenna from the canopy frame are behind the instrument panel.
  • Page 116 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.5 Landing gear system The landing gear handle is located on the right-hand side of the cockpit and labelled as illustrated in Figure 7.5.0-1. Pulling the handle backwards retracts the wheel and pushing it forward extends the wheel.
  • Page 117 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.6 Seats and safety harness The seatback is adjustable by two means: 1. The seatback base can be moved forwards and rearwards by removing two thumbscrews on the seatback pivot point and setting the seatback to the desired position (Figure 7.6.0-1). 2.
  • Page 118 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Seatback adjuster Figure 7.6.0- 2 The safety harness is a four-point system. The lower straps pass through the seat pan and are anchored to the fuselage skin. The shoulder straps pass through the seatback and around the lift tube structure behind the pilot’s shoulders.
  • Page 119 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.7 Pitot and static system The aircraft pneumatic system consists of:  Static (P ) piping for ASI and Altimeter STAT  Dynamic (P ) piping for ASI  Static piping for variometer from fin probe ...
  • Page 120 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 7.7.0-1 Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page - 15 SACAA Accepted section...
  • Page 121 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.8 Airbrake system The airbrakes are actuated by the blue handle on the left-hand side of the cockpit (Figure 7.8.0-1). Figure 7.8.0-1 The airbrakes are operated in the conventional manner:  Pull the handle backwards to open the airbrakes. Figure 7.8.0- 2 illustrates the cockpit label for the open airbrake position.
  • Page 122 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 The airbrakes are locked by moving the airbrake handle fully forward, over the over-centre lock. A force of approximately 15 to 20kg is required to lock the airbrakes. The last 20% of rearward movement actuates the wheel brake. Do not land with the airbrake handle pulled fully open to the rear stop, as this will lock the main wheel.
  • Page 123 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.9 Baggage compartment The maximum weight of items in the baggage compartment is 15kg. This should only be used for soft items that will not injure the pilot in the event of a hard or crash landing. Make sure that the batteries that are carried in this area are secured with the battery straps and thumb screws.
  • Page 124 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.10 Water ballast system 7.10.1 General The water ballast system allows the weight of the sailplane to be increased to a maximum of 600kg (1323 lbs) in the 18 m configuration and to 720kg (1587 lbs) in the 21 m configuration. The water tanks are integral type to the wings.
  • Page 125 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.10.2 Main tanks The main tanks are integral in the main wings. The dump valves are situated in the lower wing skin, approximately 400mm from the fuselage. The filling holes are positioned on the top of the inboard wing section near the tip.
  • Page 126 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.11 Power plant Refer to 1A-5.04.50 JS TJ-42 Jet Sustainer Manual Section 7. 7.12 Fuel system Refer to 1A-5.04.50 JS TJ-42 Jet Sustainer Manual Section 7. Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page - 21 SACAA Accepted section...
  • Page 127 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.13 Electrical system 7.13.1 System description The electrical power of the aircraft is supplied by maintenance-free dry-gel type 12 volt batteries. There are two main batteries fitted in the luggage compartment and (as an optional addition) a backup battery in the fin.
  • Page 128 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.13.3 Recommended battery types The batteries used in the sailplane must be of the dry sealed type as no battery that vents any gas is allowed in the sailplane according the airworthiness requirements of CS-22. Main batteries: 12V 7Ah/9Ah Sealed Lead Acid battery, Dimensions: 151mm x 65mm x 93mm...
  • Page 129 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Figure 7.13.3-1 Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page - 24 SACAA Accepted section...
  • Page 130 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.14 Miscellaneous equipment 7.14.1 Trim weights Provision can be made for trim weights to be fitted in the nose of the sailplane adjacent to the nose release hook bulkhead as indicated in Figure 7.14.1-1. The nose ballast can be made up with combinations of two 2kg weight plates and one 7kg weight plate.
  • Page 131 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Refer to Placards (under Limitations) for details on the placard for nose weights. Installation of the 7 kg weight plate: 1. Remove all locking pins from the assembly 2. Slide the assembly backward 3. Insert the 7kg weight plate in the most forward slot 4.
  • Page 132 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Removal of the 2kg weight plates: 1. Remove the bottom locking pin 2. Remove the top locking nut 3. Remove the weights by lifting the weights one by one from the slider. 7.14.2 Oxygen Provision is made for an oxygen bottle at the right-hand side of the cockpit behind the seatback.
  • Page 133 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 7.14.3 Bug wiper system If the bug wiper system is installed, perform the following checks before each flight:  Check the operation of the bug wiper winding system. Ensure the wipers are set to wipe not closer than 500mm from the winglet.
  • Page 134 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8. Handling and maintenance Certain inspections and maintenance procedures to maintain aircraft performance and reliability are included in this Section. It is advisable follow regular schedule lubrication preventive maintenance, consistent with the usage, climatic and flying conditions encountered.
  • Page 135  The manufacturer recommends performing additional inspections in certain circumstances (such as hard landings or ground loops) as explained in the JS1 Revelation Maintenance Manual  Other inspections, maintenance or modifications to the aircraft, components or systems may be classified as “Mandatory” or “Recommended”...
  • Page 136 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.2 Ground handling 8.2.1 Ground towing Either use a rope or other non-metallic cable from the nose hook with someone walking with the wing tip, or Use a tow bar connected to the tail dolly and a ‘wing walker’ with a sprung wheel (or someone walking with the wingtip) CAUTION: Never tow the sailplane faster than walking pace.
  • Page 137 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.2.3 Tie down The sailplane can be tied down using the holes in the wingtip skids. It is preferable to position wing stands under the wings inboard of the tip junction adjacent to the tie down ropes. A tie down rope across the rear fuselage boom in front of the fin should also be used to prevent the tail from lifting.
  • Page 138 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.3 Cleaning and care 8.3.1 General The JS1 Revelation is manufactured from a composite of glass, carbon and aramid fibres in an epoxy matrix. The gel coat surface layer is finished with a polyurethane acrylic 2K paint topcoat.
  • Page 139 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.3.2 Paint and gel coat The purpose of the outer surface finish is to present a good aerodynamic surface to the air when flying, but also to protect the structure from the environment. The main enemy for the structure is UV rays and moisture.
  • Page 140 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.3.3 Canopy The canopy must be protected from scratches. Always wash off dust by using liberal amounts of water with a soft chamois, taking care not to let dust get between the chamois and the canopy surface. Dry with a clean chamois.
  • Page 141 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.3.6 Pins, bushes and control systems All bare metal surfaces that are not protected with paint must be protected with a thin film of grease. 8.3.7 Seat belt harness The seat belt harness must be checked regularly for frayed of edges, mildew and wear.
  • Page 142 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 8.4 Long-term storage To store the aircraft for long periods, the following is recommended: Remove instruments and store separately Close external pressure ports and inner tube end Protect all metal parts using acid less spray oil or non- corrosive grease (Vaseline) Close all orifices without preventing air circulation using wire cloth or similar means to prevent small animals from...
  • Page 143 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 9. Supplements 9.1 Introduction This section includes additional information on the safe operation of the aircraft if fitted with ancillary equipment not included as standard in the aircraft. 9.2 List of ancillary equipment 9.2.1 Oxygen system Provision is made for an oxygen bottle with a maximum diameter of 86 mm (3.4”).
  • Page 144 JS1 Flight Manual - Issue 4 Date of issue: 26 May 2016 Page SACAA Approved section...

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