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Turret 6/AP
6‐Position Temperature‐Controlled Cuvette Turret for
the Applied Photophysics Chirascan
Manual & Product Overview
January 8, 2016
Turret 6
Cuvette Holder
TC 1 Temperature
Controller
22910 East Appleway Avenue, Suite 4, Liberty Lake, WA 99019‐8606
Tel: (509) 624‐9290 • Fax: (509) 624‐9488 • E‐mail: quantum@qnw.com • Web: www.qnw.com
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Summary of Contents for Quantum Northwest Turret 6/AP
- Page 1 Turret 6/AP 6‐Position Temperature‐Controlled Cuvette Turret for the Applied Photophysics Chirascan Manual & Product Overview January 8, 2016 Turret 6 Cuvette Holder TC 1 Temperature Controller 22910 East Appleway Avenue, Suite 4, Liberty Lake, WA 99019‐8606 Tel: (509) 624‐9290 • Fax: (509) 624‐9488 • E‐mail: quantum@qnw.com • Web: www.qnw.com ...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ............................ 2 1. Getting Started ............................ 3 A. Your Shipment Will Contain: ...................... 3 B. System Setup .......................... 3 C. Software Installation ........................ 4 D. System Operation........................... 4 E. Using the Menu Button ........................ 5 2. Features of the Turret 6 ........................ 8 A. General Description........................ 8 B. Cuvettes ............................ 9 C. Cuvette z‐Height .......................... 9 D. Cooling Water for the Peltier ...................... 9 E. Dry Gas Purging ........................... 10 F. External Temperature Probe ...................... 10 G. External Computer Control ...................... 10 H. Manual Resetting of the Turret 6 .................... 10 3. Error Codes ............................ 12 4. Specifications Summary ........................ 13 Appendix 1. Temperature Specifications for the turret 6 .............. 14 Appendix 2. Serial Communications for the TC 1 Temperature Controller .......... 17 2 ... -
Page 3: Getting Started
1. GETTING STARTED Thank you for purchasing a Quantum Northwest Turret 6/AP. We want you to enjoy many years of faithful service from your instrument. If you have any questions, feel free to contact us directly at support@qnw.com or through our web site: www.qnw.com. A copy of this manual can be found on the site under the SUPPORT tab. A. Your Shipment Will Contain: Turret 6 package Turret 6 Temperature‐Controlled Cuvette Holder 2. TC 1 Temperature Controller 3. BATH 10 Submersible Pump and Bucket 4. power cable 5. USB cable Turret 6 accessory kit (optical slits, opaque lid and 6 magnetic stir bars) 7. vinyl tubing to connect water and gas Depending on Your Order, Your Shipment May Contain: T‐App software T‐App, provided on a CD, is a program that permits external computer control of the TC 1 Temperature Controller. With this software, the temperature of the sample holder and a temperature sensed by an external probe may be plotted vs. time. Simple text scripts may be used to automate multiple operations. B. System Setup ... -
Page 4: Software Installation
turn on the TC 1 and check to be sure that water is flowing back into the bucket. Check for leaks. 4. To limit oxygen and minimize condensation on the cuvette surfaces, provide a source of dry gas to purge the Turret 6. Attach a length of tubing with 1/16‐inch inside diameter, to the small hose barb on the base of the Turret 6. Set the dry gas flow rate to about 50 cc/min. 5. The Turret 6 has two electrical cables, one for drive currents and the other for sensitive on the sensor signals. Connect them to the back of the TC 1 Temperature Controller 15‐pin connectors labeled “Sample” and “Reference,” matching gender as appropriate. C. Software Installation NOTE: IF YOU PURCHASED THE T‐App PROGRAM, DO NOT PLUG IN THE USB CABLE INTO YOUR COMPUTER UNTIL THE SOFTWARE IS LOADED. IF YOU DO, WINDOWS MAY AUTOMATICALLY INSTALL AN INCORRECT DRIVER THAT WILL BE DIFFICULT TO REMOVE. 1. If you purchased the T‐App program for external control of the Turret 6, insert the CD into the computer’s CD drive. If the installation does not start automatically, locate the SETUP.exe file in the root directory and run it. The installation process starts with a small black window that is shown during installation of the drivers needed to control the Turret 6 through a USB connection. This window will then be replaced by the software installation window. Follow the onscreen prompts to complete the installation. 2. Connect the Turret 6 to your computer using the USB cable provided. The New Hardware installation process will begin automatically and take a few moments to finish. ... -
Page 5: Using The Menu Button
Menu Button 5. Brief Instructions: The controller display begins on the Display page. Use the left or right arrows on the Menu Button to cycle through the five pages of options, Display (the default screen), Set Temperature, Set Stirring, Set Ramping, and Set Position. For example, from the Display page, push the left arrow once to get to the Set Position page. Once there, use the top and bottom arrows to choose a position, e.g. position 5. Press the SET button. The cuvette holder will move to position 5 and the menu will return to the Display page. To set a temperature, press the right arrow once to go to the Set Temperature page. Once there, use the up and down arrows to set a target temperature, e.g. 37.0 °C. Press SET to initiate temperature control. The temperature will rise and stabilize, indicated by the change in the green LED light on the front panel from flashing to steady. To control stirring, go to the Set Stirring page. Use the up and down arrows to set a speed, e.g. 1200 rpm, and press SET to start the stirrer. More details on the Menu Button are provided in Section E below. 6. After measurements are completed, turn off power on the back of the TC 1 controller and turn off the water source. E. Using the Menu Button Use the right and left arrows to cycle through five pages: – Display – Set Temperature – Set Stirring – Set Ramping – Set Position – Display Holder = 37.0 °C Target = 37.0 °C Probe 36.9 °C Ramp On Stir On ... - Page 6 are on or off, and the identity of the cuvette Position Number (POS n, n=1 to 6) currently in the light Display pathway. After a few seconds of inactivity, all other pages will revert back to the page. When seeking a temperature, the green LED on the front panel will flash slowly. When it has locked onto a new target temperature, the green LED will remain lit. A rapidly flashing red LED usually means a loose electrical cable or inadequate water flow for the Peltier unit. SET Display Pressing the button while the page is active results in no action. To start or stop Set Temperature – Set Stirring – Set Ramping controller functions, access the four other pages, – Set Position. Set Temperature Set Temperature Target = 37.0 °C Current= 23.6 °C Off Set Temperature: SET To set the Target temperature, use the up and down arrows. Press to retain this new Target and initiate temperature control. The green LED light will begin flashing slowly as the device seeks the targeted temperature, and the page window will show the Current to be ON. Discontinue Temperature Control: SET Press while the green LED light is lit or slowly flashing to discontinue temperature control. The LED light will turn off completely, and the page window will show the Current to be Off. ...
- Page 7 Set Ramping Set Ramping Ramp = 0.55°/min Current = Off Set Ramping: To perform a temperature ramp, set the Ramp rate using the up and down arrows, and press . The page will update to show the Current rate in °/min to be the same as the Ramp rate. With ramping set, turning on temperature control will generate a linear ramp to the target temperature. When the sample holder reaches the target temperature, no further temperature change occurs, although the Current rate will remain as set. The fastest possible ramp is determined by how fast the cuvette holder could reach the target temperature without ramping. Attempting to ramp too quickly, especially at high and low temperature extremes, will result in a nonlinear ramp. The slowest ramp that may be set on this page is 0.01 °C/minute. (If needed, much slower ramps may be set through software commands.) Discontinue Ramping: SET Press while the Ramp is on (shown by nonzero Current °/min) to turn the Ramp off. The page will update to show the Current rate to be Off. Set Position Set Position Target Current = 1 Set Position: To change the cuvette position, use the up and down arrows to choose the desired Target position and press . The controller will move the cuvette holder to the selected cuvette position, reflected by the value of Current. When the cuvette holder is powered on, the device homes to a starting point before seeking the ...
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Page 8: Features Of The Turret 6
2. FEATURES OF THE Turret 6 A. General Description The Turret 6 has a rotating, temperature‐controlled, metal cuvette tower which holds up to six cuvettes. An insulating cover of urethane plastic encloses the cuvette tower, providing thermal insulation. A floor is attached to the bottom of the tower, and the rotating body of the holder contains a Peltier element sandwiched between this floor and a brass heat exchanger. Water flows through the heat exchanger to draw off heat generated when the temperate of the cuvette tower is lowered. Figure 5. Turret 6 with a section cut away to show the optic access to one of the cuvettes A miniature stepping motor resides under each cuvette to drive rotating magnet. Dry gas enters a 1/16‐inch hose barb on the front of the instrument and is carried through a manifold in the floor of the turret to small holes on the bottom of the 18 cuvette windows, three per cuvette. This flow of gas will keep the windows free of condensation when working below the dew point temperature. The rotating body is mounted on a large precision bearing and rotated via gears, using the external Vexta stepping motor (not visible in this view). Two wires exit below the Vexta stepping motor. One conducts the drive currents for the stepping motor and Peltier unit. The other conducts the sensor lines. The two brass 1/8‐inch hose barbs for water provide access to the heat exchanger. A 1/16‐inch brass hose barb is used for the dry gas. CAUTION: ACCIDENTLY ATTACHING A WATER LINE TO THE DRY GAS BARB WILL SEVERELY DAMAGE THE INSTRUMENT. ATTACH THE LINES WITH CARE. 8 ... -
Page 9: Cuvettes
B. Cuvettes The Turret 6 holds standard 10 x 10 mm cuvettes with outside dimensions of 12.5 x 12.5 mm. A metal clip is used to push each cuvette into one of the corners of its individual space for reproducible positioning and to favor heat transfer. Walls of the turret body are relieved to prevent scratching of the optical surfaces of the cuvette. Cuvettes should be 45 mm or taller, otherwise they will be difficult to recover from the cuvette holders. C. Cuvette z‐Height The “z‐height” of a cuvette is the distance between the bottom surface of the cuvette and the designed position for the optical center line, where the incident beam of light strikes the cuvette. Turret The z‐height for cuvettes in the is 15 mm. Figure 6. The z‐height of a typical microcuvette D. Cooling Water for the Peltier The Peltier element (or “thermoelectric cooler”) is a heat pump. When cooling, it transfers heat from the turret body to a heat exchanger; when heating, electrical polarity is reversed and it transfers heat from the heat exchanger to the tower. When cooling, it is particularly important to transfer this heat away from the Peltier. This is accomplished with flowing water through the heat exchanger. A source of water (or other cooling fluid) must be connected to the ⅛‐inch hose barbs on the front of the Turret 6. This can be done with the BATH 10, which is provide with the Turret 6. The BATH 10 consists of a submersible aquarium pump, the appropriate fittings for connecting tubing, and a plastic bucket. Connect the pump to the Turret 6, place it in the bucket with water, and run a return tube to the bucket. You may also provide the cooling water from another source, such as a refrigerated cooling bath or even a tap for brief use. You will need a flow rate of 100 ‐ 300 mL/minute. This flow should require a pressure of about 3 ‐ 5 psi (0.2 ‐ 0.3 bar). Do not exceed an input water pressure of 25 psi (1.7 bar), as damage may occur ... -
Page 10: Dry Gas Purging
The temperature of the heat exchanger in the Turret 6 is monitored using a thermistor. If the temperature exceeds 60 °C, then temperature control is shut down to prevent damage to the Peltier element and the warning, “check coolant flow,” is displayed on the TC 1 temperature controller. This will happen if the circulating fluid gets too warm and/or is restricted in flow. The heat exchanger temperature may be accessed by computer through the RS 232 or USB connections on the back of the TC 1 Temperature Controller (see External Computer Control below). Temperature increases will be faster when room temperature water is used in the circulator. Temperature decreases will be faster when ice water is used. Only water should be circulated using the BATH 10. When using a refrigerated bath, circulating pre‐cooled fluids (such as 30% methanol or diluted ethylene glycol) at below 0 °C will permit measurements below the specified temperature range. E. Dry Gas Purging Dry gas flows into the Turret 6 via the 1/16‐inch brass hose barb on the rear side. The gas passes through small channels in the base of the turret body, to partially equilibrate in temperature, before passing up through small holes on both the inside and outside cuvette surfaces. A flow of dry gas to prevent condensation is necessary any time the Turret 6 is controlled below the dew point temperature present on the inside of the sample compartment of the spectrometer. For ambient air, this would typically be about 5 °C. F. External Temperature Probe A ¼‐inch phone jack labeled “Probe” can be found on the back panel of TC 1 Temperature Controller. This jack will accept the plug on a standard Series 400 or Series 500 thermistor probe. When a probe is plugged into the jack, the probe temperature is presented on the display of the TC 1. Place the probe in a sample to measure the actual temperature of the sample, which will lag in time from the temperature of the cuvette tower. You can obtain a Series 400 probe from Quantum Northwest (product: Probe 400), or from several other manufacturers. For example, we sometimes recommend the EW‐08484‐00 “400 Series Thermistor small flexible probe for frozen food packages and cuvettes” from Cole Parmer. Very small diameter Series 500 probes are also available. G. External Computer Control All functions may be accessed either through a Serial (RS 232) or a USB located on the back of the TC 1 Temperature Controller. You may write your own program or purchase the Quantum Northwest application program T‐App. T‐App will plot temperatures of the probe, cuvette tower or even the Peltier element heat exchanger vs. time. It will also permit you to set up temperature ramps. If you wish to do your own programming, please see the Appendix for communication instructions and the set of text commands that may be used and responses to the commands. H. Manual Resetting of the Turret 6 ... - Page 11 spectrometer. Turn the power back on the TC 1 Controller. The Turret 6 will home to a starting position, then move to the cuvette position specified by the controller. Spectrometer light beam centerline Cuvette position 1 Figure 7. Cuvette position 1 shown squarely in the spectrometer light beam 11 ...
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Page 12: Error Codes
3. ERROR CODES When errors occur, the line 1 of the display presents an error code. Line 3 of the display identifies the error and line 4 of the display presents possible solutions. The most common events that cause errors to be displayed are loose cables or inadequate coolant flow. For errors not easily solved, please contact us through our website, www.qnw.com. E5– cell out of range warnings: loose cable, sensor failure The temperature controller is not receiving a reasonable response from the sensor on the cuvette tower. Either the sensor has failed or a cable is not making a good connection. E6 – cell out of range warnings: loose cable, check cable The temperature controller is not receiving reasonable responses from either the cell tower or heat exchanger sensors. Since it is very unlikely for both to fail, probably a cable is loose. E7 – heat exchanger error warnings: loose cable, sensor failure The temperature controller is not receiving a reasonable response from the sensor on the heat exchanger. Either the sensor has failed or a cable is not making a good connection. E8 – inadequate coolant warnings: inadequate coolant, water temperature The sensor on the heat exchanger is reading a temperature above 60 °C. Temperature control has been shut down to prevent damage to the Peltier element. Either the water was too warm or the rate of flow was inadequate to draw sufficient heat from the heat exchanger. 12 ... -
Page 13: Specifications Summary
4. SPECIFICATIONS SUMMARY temperature range ‐20 to +110 °C temperature precision ±0.02 °C cuvette size (outside dimensions) 12.5 x 12.5 mm minimum cuvette height 30 mm cuvette z height 15 mm optical port dimensions 12 mm high x 10 mm wide magnetic stirring speed 1‐2500 rpm 13 ... -
Page 14: Appendix 1. Temperature Specifications For The Turret 6
APPENDIX 1. TEMPERATURE SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE TURRET 6 Enoch W. Small and Louis J. Libertini 7/26/2013 Temperature Range: ‐15 °C to + 80 °C The TC 1 Temperature Controller can set temperatures between ‐40 °C and 110 °C. Under normal conditions, as used inside a spectrophotometer, the Turret 6 will achieve temperatures in the range of ‐15 °C and 80 °C using room temperature water (~22 °C). Somewhat lower temperatures can be obtained by the use of iced water. Temperatures above 80 °C can usually be attained by using warm water (recommended). In some cases higher temperatures may require operation without coolant flow, but special procedures are required. An input connection for purging with dry gas is provided. Temperature Precision: ± 0.02 °C Temperature precision is the average deviation from the set temperature of temperature readings returned from the temperature‐controlled Turret 6 for set temperatures between ‐15 °C and + 110 °C. Thus, it is a measure of the ability of the cuvette holder to hold a constant temperature. The precision of the temperature actually held in the solution should be even better than the precision for the cuvette holder. Unfortunately, we have no current means of measuring it. Table 1. Average deviation from the set temperature vs set temperature for 50 points. Set temperature ‐15 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100 110 Average deviation 0.0046 ... - Page 15 Figure 1. An NIST‐traceable RTD thermometer (accuracy ±0.03 °C from ‐99.9 °C to +99.9 °C) was inserted in the body of the cuvette holder and the temperature readings (y‐axis) compared to the value set by the TC 1 temperature controller (x‐axis). Data points shown as red squares are results were obtained with the temperature decreasing; the blue diamonds indicate results obtained with the temperature decreasing. Temperature Reproducibility: better than ± 0.15 °C over the range of 0 °C to 80 °C Temperature reproducibility is a measure of the ability of the temperature to return to an original value (see Figure 1.). It accounts for differences depending on the direction of temperature change and differences from day to day. Reproducibility is measured using a NIST‐traceable RTD temperature probe inserted in the metal block of the cuvette holder. Example of Temperature Performance time (min) Figure 2. Turret 6 cuvette holder temperature and sample temperature (red, measured with a thermistor probe connected to the Turret 6) as the target temperature setting was progressed through 20.0 °C, 50.0 °C, 0.0 °C, ‐15.0 °C, 80.0 °C and 20.0 °C degrees . 15 ...
- Page 16 Typical Temperature Equilibration Data A turret was equilibrated at one temperature and then the target temperature was changed to a higher or lower value. Table 2. Time required for cuvette holder temperature changes. Three times are shown: the time required to get within 1 °C, the time to get within the lock on temperature of ±0.05 °C from the target and the final time by which the TC 1 indicates the temperature is stable. Temperature range (°C) 20 to 80 80 to 110 80 to 20 20 to ‐15 Circulating water T (°C/min) 21 none 21 Iced Minutes to get within 1 °C (min) 13 38 9.3 15 Minutes to lock on temperature (min) 16 42 13.3 20 Minutes to lock on indicator light (min) 18 54 18 25 16 ...
- Page 17 APPENDIX 2. SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS FOR THE TC 1 TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER 7/26/2013 This document provides the serial communications protocols for version 1.0 of the firmware on the TC 1 family of controllers: TC 1/t2 – for the t2, single temperature controller TC 1/t2x2 – for the t2x2, dual temperature controller for sample and reference TC 1/Turret 6 – for the Turret 6, 6‐position turret The version number and the ID (see below) are shown briefly on the display when the temperature controller is turned on. All functions of the temperature controller can be managed from a computer, using the command set described below. If you purchased your unit as a component of a spectrometer from certain manufacturers, this feature may be implemented through traditional RS232 serial connectors on the computer or the spectrometer and on the controller. In this case they will be connected by a standard 15‐pin serial extension cable (male connector on one end and female on the other). No driver installation should be needed. Otherwise the serial linkage will be established through a USB connection between the computer and the controller. In this case the controller includes electronics which convert the USB connection to a serial communications port. However, for the port to be available to programs on the computer it will be necessary to load driver software. It is important that the driver software be loaded before connecting a USB cable between the controller and the computer. Contact Quantum Northwest for further information. Quantum Northwest can provide a control program written specifically for control of all functions of the temperature controller. Ask for program T‐App. In programming for the TC 1 controller, one must adhere to the conventional notation: 8/N/1. Baud: 19200 Data Bits: 8 ...
- Page 18 1. Identify [F1 ID ?] What is the ID number of the sample holder being controlled? ..[F1 ID 14] Sample holder is a t2 or other single cuvette sample holder. Assigned Identities: ID = 00 – specialty sample holder (see command class 14) 14 ‐ t2 24 ‐ t2x2 34 – reserved for turret or linear multi‐sample holder 2. Controller Firmware Version [F1 VN ?] What is the version number of the controller firmware? ...
- Page 19 [F1 TT -] Turn off automatic reporting of manual changes to the target temperature. [F1 MT ?] What is the maximum target temperature allowed? ..[F1 MT 110] The maximum target temperature allowed is 110 ºC. [F1 LT ?] What is the lowest target temperature allowed? ..[F1 LT -30] The lowest target temperature allowed is ‐30 ºC. 6. Instrument Status [F1 IS ?] What is the current instrument status? ...
- Page 20 9. Probe Status and Temperature [F1 PS ?] Is there an external temperature probe connected? ..[F1 PR +] A probe is connected. ..[F1 PR -] No probe is connected. [F1 PS +] Enable probe status to be sent automatically when a probe is installed or removed. This is the default. [F1 PS -] Disable automatic sending of probe status. [F1 PT ?] What is the current probe temperature? [F1 PT +3] Periodically report the probe temperature every 3 seconds. ...
- Page 21 2. set the ramp rate, 3. set a new target temperature (command class 5). The target temperature may be above or below the current temperature; as soon as it is set, the ramp will begin, up or down, to that new target. After reaching the target, the controller will hold at that temperature. At any time a new ramp rate and target temperature can be set to start a new ramp. Once you are done, set the ramp rate to 0. Otherwise, setting a new target temperature later will initiate a ramp to that target temperature. Notes: The minimum settable ramp rate is 0.01 °C/minute. For higher ramp settings, the observed rate may be lower than that calculated from RT and RS or it may be nonlinear over part of the temperature range because the maximum possible rate of heating or cooling is limited (and dependent on the ramp direction as well as on the temperature). When the ramping process is completed the controller will send a response of the form [F1 TT #] as a notification of the end of the ramp. This response can be blocked at any time by previously sending the command [F1 TT ‐] (see command class 5). 11. Heat Exchanger Temperature [F1 HL ?] What is the high temperature limit for the heat exchanger? ..[F1 HT 60] ...
- Page 22 [F2 PL 4] Device locate: move to position 4 and reply when done. (Device should be initialized prior to using this command for the first time.) ..[F2 DL 4] Device is now in position 4. [F2 DD 400] Set speed to 400 (acceptable range 100 – 900, with a default of 500). 13. Reference Cuvette These commands will have an effect only for systems with two independently‐controlled sample holders. [R1 ...] To control and monitor the temperature and status of the reference cuvette using a Dual ...
- Page 23 [R1 TT R-] Stop reporting manual changes for the reference target temperature. [R1 RR R-] Stop reporting manual changes for the reference ramp rate. 23 ...
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