Page 1 Order toll-free in the U.S. 24 hours, 7 A.M. Monday to midnight Friday: 877-877-BBOX FREE technical support, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week: Call 724-746-5500 or fax 724-746-0746 SUPPORT Mail order: Black Box Corporation, 1000 Park Drive, Lawrence, PA 15055-1018 INFORMATION Web site: www.blackbox.com • E-mail: info@blackbox.com...
Page 3 FCC STATEMENT FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION INDUSTRY CANADA RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENTS This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio communication. It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when the equipment is...
Page 4 SCAN-LAN VI NORMAS OFICIALES MEXICANAS (NOM) ELECTRICAL SAFETY STATEMENT INSTRUCCIONES DE SEGURIDAD 1. Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser leídas antes de que el aparato eléctrico sea operado. 2. Las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser guardadas para referencia futura.
Page 5 NOM STATEMENT 12. Precaución debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica y la polarización del equipo no sea eliminada. 13. Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal manera que no sean pisados ni pellizcados por objetos colocados sobre o contra ellos, poniendo particular atención a los contactos y receptáculos donde salen del aparato.
Page 6 SCAN-LAN VI TRADEMARKS The trademarks mentioned in this manual are acknowledged to be the property of the trademark owners.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
3.1.1 Setting Up the SCAN-LAN VI ....... . . 24...
Page 8: Chapter Page
SCAN-LAN VI Chapter Page 4.2.2 Marginal Test Results........33 4.2.3 Detailed Results .
Page 9 CONTENTS Chapter Page 6.7 Pair Reversal Test ..........57 6.8 Repeatability Test .
Page 10 SCAN-LAN VI Chapter Page 8.3.3 Selecting the Proper Test ........98 8.3.4 Interpreting Results .
Page 11 12. Self-Test ............124 13. Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI ......125 13.1 Introduction .
Page 12: Specifications
SCAN-LAN VI 1. Specifications General Display: 128 x 64 pixel backlit graphic LCD Operating Controls: 10-position rotary function selector; Elastomeric keypad Audible Alarm: Operator Enabled/Disabled Compliance: Directive 89/336/EEC per TCF CC/KID/048/98 Operating Temperature: 32 to 122°F (0 to 50°C) Storage Temperature: -4 to +140°F (-20 to +60°C) Relative Humidity: 10 to 90%, noncondensing MTBF: >50,000 hours...
Page 13 Optional: Modular Jack (TS692) Optional: Coax (TS693) Memory Test Storage: Storage of up to 450 Autotest results plus one Traffic Report in each SCAN-LAN VI Imprint: Date on all tests Non-Volatile Memory: Lithium battery-backed memory for setup, test results, and NVP values...
Page 14 SCAN-LAN VI Serial Port Connector: DB9 male (pins) PC Cable: Null modem, DB9 female (socket) to DB9 female (socket) and DB25 female serial port pin assignments: 1 No connection SERIAL PORT 2 Receive data (input) 3 Transmit data (output) 4 Data terminal ready (output)
Page 15 Accuracy: ±0.3 dB @ -20 dBm Operating Temperature: 32 to 122°F (0 to 50°C) Storage Temperature: -4 to +140°F (-20 to +60°C) Humidity Tolerance: 10 to 90%, noncondensing Power: Derives power from the SCAN-LAN VI Weight: 5.1 oz. (144.6 g)
Page 16: Introduction
SCAN-LAN VI 2. Introduction The SCAN-LAN VI is a testing system that troubleshoots and certifies LAN cable installations. Along with 250 MHz Performance Modules (included or ordered as part number TS691), the SCAN-LAN VI consists of two handheld units, one functioning as a main unit, and the other as a remote unit.
Page 17: Packing List
CHAPTER 2: Introduction 2.1 Packing List Description Part Number (2) SCAN-LAN VIs TS6000A or AE (2) Test and Talk Modules TS6001A (Also, 2 ST to ST duplex patch cables, 1 hard carrying case, 2 built-in microphones, 2 individual earphones, and Report Manager Software.) (2) Modular Plug Performance Modules (installed) TS691 or TS691E...
Page 18: Cable Standards Supported To 250 Mhz
NOTE FOR USERS OF OLDER SCAN-LAN TESTERS Firmware versions below 6.00 require factory calibration before running 250-MHz tests. Contact Black Box for factory-calibration details. Cable Grading is not available for firmware versions 6.00 B3/B4 or higher. Cable grading has been superseded by headroom and link- performance analysis detail screens.
Page 19 • Operates using either replaceable AA batteries, AC/mains power, or a rechargeable NiMH battery pack. • Voice communication between main unit and the remote. The SCAN-LAN VI’s features, and how they are used, are described below. Performance Module plugs in for user- selectable cable test configurations.
Page 20 Individual cable tests, unit self-test, pair-reversal test, repeatability FUNCTIONS test, and flash memory download. REMOTE Puts the SCAN-LAN VI into remote mode. TRAFFIC Monitors traffic activity on an Ethernet network. LENGTH Determines the cable length and up to two intermediate anomalies.
Page 21: Send Function
See Chapter 4, Autotest, for details. 2.2.7 P ERFORMANCE ODULE The SCAN-LAN VI is designed with removable performance modules for attaching to various cable types and cable connectors. The key to the SCAN-LAN VI’s high measurement accuracy is using the proper performance module.
Page 22: Battery Information
The SCAN-LAN VI contains static-sensitive electronics inside the main body. Use appropriate precautions when removing and installing performance modules. 2.3 Battery Information The SCAN-LAN VI handheld is shipped with 8 AA alkaline batteries per unit. Two rechargeable nickel metal hydride (NiMH) battery eliminators are also included.
Page 23: Charging The Batteries
SCAN-LAN VI is OFF. To charge the batteries, turn the SCAN- LAN VI OFF and connect the external power supply. The display will show “SCAN-LAN VI,” the serial number of the unit, the date, the time, and the message “RECHARGING.” When the battery is fully charged (up to 14 hours), the “RECHARGING”...
Page 24: Display Conventions
OFF while using the external power supply and the message “RECHARGING” does not immediately appear, the charging function is not working properly. Contact Black Box. If you have any problems recharging the battery pack, or you have any other problems or questions, call Black Box.
Page 25: Scroll Bars
CHAPTER 2: Introduction To change a selection, 1. Press the up or down arrow key to scroll through the available selections. 2. When the choice you want is highlighted, press SAVE (F4) or ENTER. 2.4.2 S CROLL When there are more selections available than can fit on one SCAN-LAN VI screen, scroll bars will appear.
Page 26: Getting Started
SCAN-LAN VI 3. Getting Started This chapter provides a brief overview of how to use the SCAN-LAN VI for testing twisted-pair cabling. It is intended for users with prior cable-testing experience who want to get started quickly. It covers only the basics of initial setup, connections to the cable, and the Autotest function.
Page 27: Nvp Calibration
If the test does not pass, the remote unit displays: 3.1.2 NVP C ALIBRATION A typical NVP value will be automatically selected by the SCAN-LAN VI, depending on the test standard that you choose. For greater measurement accuracy, follow the NVP calibration procedure in Chapter 10, Calibration.
Page 28: Typical Test Setup
SCAN-LAN VI When using the SCAN-LAN VI for cable certification, determine the true cable NVP and save the value. This will ensure the most accurate cable- length measurements and will avoid failing cable segments that are close to the test limit.
Page 29: Channel Testing
Basic Link. See Appendix A, Test Standards, for more information. 3.3 Selecting a Cable Test Standard The Cable Test Standard used by the SCAN-LAN VI to certify cables may be changed whenever the up/down arrows symbol appears next to the cable name. (See the illustration below.)
Page 30: Defining Custom Standards
This chapter explains when to select a cable standard and when to select a network standard. When using a SCAN-LAN VI System, cable standards are compared at both ends. If they differ, the standard on the remote end will be changed to match that of the main end.
Page 31 CHAPTER 3: Getting Started 3. When the custom cable test standard is highlighted, press EDIT (F2). 4. Choose a cable standard to copy from the list of standards by pressing either arrow key. Press COPY (F4) or ENTER to copy the standard. Press SKIP (F2) if you are modifying a previously entered custom cable and don’t want to copy another standard.
Page 32: System Integrity Pre-Test
SCAN-LAN VI 3.5 System Integrity Pre-Test Before testing an installation, the integrity of the SCAN-LAN VI system may be checked by running these tests. To pre-test your system: 1. Connect the main and remote units using a CAT3 coupler or a patch cable.
Page 33: Autotest
CONTINUE (F4) softkey. Refer to Chapter 6, Cable Test Descriptions, for a complete description of these and other tests performed by the SCAN-LAN VI. Refer to Chapter 7, Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results, for more information about printing test results and uploading test results to a PC.
Page 34: Viewing Autotest Results
5. Press TALK (F2) to ring the Remote Unit at the other end. NOTE If the SCAN-LAN VI fails any test, it will stop and display the failure. You may continue testing by pressing the CONTINUE (F4) softkey. 4.2 Viewing Autotest Results Autotest results are displayed in either summary or detailed mode.
Page 35: Summary Results
A PASS* or FAIL* result indicates that a measured NEXT or attenuation value is close enough to the Test Standard that it is within the measure- ment uncertainty of the SCAN-LAN VI. As a result, the PASS or FAIL judgment is uncertain, and therefore the SCAN-LAN VI cannot determine with confidence whether the link conforms to the Test Standard.
Page 36: Detailed Results
SCAN-LAN VI 4.2.3 D ETAILED ESULTS Some test-result screens (for example, the NEXT summary screen) have a DETAIL softkey that you can press to view more information about the test results. 1. Press DETAIL (F3) from the Autotest results screen.
Page 37: Link Performance Screen
CHAPTER 4: Autotest 3. Press SAVE (F4) or ENTER at any time to save the Autotest results. 4. Press GRAPH (F2) to view a graphic display of the test results. 5. Press SEND (Fl) to send the results to the Remote Unit. 6.
Page 38: Saving Autotest Results
SAVE 4.4 Saving Autotest Results Each SCAN-LAN VI can store the results of up to 450 Autotests, which can later be uploaded to a PC or printer. Refer to Chapter 7, Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results, for the discussion on how to output test results.
Page 39 CHAPTER 4: Autotest NOTE Either unit may save up to 450 Autotests, giving the SCAN-LAN VI System the capability of saving 900 Autotests. After you have saved 450 Autotests in the main unit, you can switch units, use the remote as the main unit, and save 450 more Autotests.
Page 40: Linktalk
Autotest report details remain available for viewing until the next test is started. NOTE Autotest results will be lost if not saved before the SCAN-LAN VI powers down. 4.5 LinkTalk LinkTalk temporarily converts the SCAN-LAN VI system to an audio- communication system.
Page 41: Interaction Of Talk And Send Functions
CHAPTER 4: Autotest LinkTalk LISTEN Volume: STOP PUSH TO RING TALK 4. Press PUSH TO TALK (F4) on either the main or remote to talk to the other person at the other end of the cable. LinkTalk LISTEN Volume: PUSH TO TALK 5.
Page 42: System Integrity Pre-Test
4.5.2 S YSTEM NTEGRITY Before testing an installation, the integrity of the SCAN-LAN VI system may be checked by running the tests described below. To pre-test your system: 1. Connect the main and remote units using a CAT3 coupler or a patch cable.
Page 43: Quick Check
A PASS* or FAIL* result (PASS or FAIL with an asterisk) indicates that a measured NEXT or attenuation value is close enough to the Test Standard that it is within the SCAN-LAN VI’s measurement uncertainty. As a result, the PASS or FAIL judgment is uncertain, and therefore the SCAN-LAN VI cannot determine with confidence whether the link conforms to the Test Standard.
Page 44 SCAN-LAN VI The following steps may be taken in order to resolve link tests with marginal measured results: 1. Reduce the measurement uncertainty. If you are currently using a Level I-rated Performance Module (PM), replace it with a Level II- rated PM and retest.
Page 45: Cable Test Descriptions
6.1.1 R UNNING 1. Connect one end of the cable under test to the SCAN-LAN VI and the other end to the remote unit. Set the remote unit’s dial to REMOTE. 2. Set dial to WIRE MAP. The test begins scanning immediately. (Press the arrow keys to select another cable test standard.)
Page 46: Viewing Wire Map Results
SCAN-LAN VI 6.1.2 V IEWING ESULTS The results of the Wire Map test are displayed on the SCAN-LAN VI screen. The following illustrations show possible wiring faults. Crossed Pair Split Pair Reversed Pair Short...
Page 47: Next
6.2.1 R NEXT UNNING 1. Connect one end of the cable under test to the SCAN-LAN VI and the other end to the remote unit. Set the remote unit’s dial to REMOTE. 2. Set the dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS. 3. Press ENTER (NEXT is the first selection). (Press the arrow keys to change the cable test standard.)
Page 48: Viewing Next Summary Results
A PASS* or FAIL* result (PASS or FAIL with an asterisk) indicates that a measured NEXT value is close enough to the Test Standard that it is within the SCAN-LAN VI’s measurement uncertainty. As a result, the PASS or FAIL judgment is uncertain, and therefore the SCAN-LAN VI cannot determine with confidence whether the link conforms to the Test Standard.
Page 49: Viewing A Graph Of Next Results
CHAPTER 6: Cable Test Descriptions 1. From the NEXT summary result screen, press DETAIL (F3). REMOTE NEXT 12/36 PASS 12/45 PASS 12/78 PASS 36/45 PASS 36/78 PASS 45/78 PASS SEND GRAPH DETAIL SAVE 2. Press SEND (F1) to send the results to the remote unit. 3.
Page 50: Certifying Category 5 Cabling-Pair-To-Pair Next Method
The test result displayed on the graph is the worst value found within 1-MHz frequency increments for Category 5 and ISO Class D testing. All test results are available and can be output from the SCAN-LAN VI. 6.2.6 C —P...
Page 51: Running Length Test
NVP. 6.3.1 R UNNING ENGTH 1. Connect one end of the cable under test to the SCAN-LAN VI. 2. Set dial to LENGTH. The test begins scanning immediately. (Press the arrow keys to select another cable test standard.) NOTE For accurate results, do not use the remote unit when performing a Length measurement test, except during Autotest or Quick Check.
Page 52 Length variation from pair to pair will be greater for longer cable lengths. 2. An asterisk (*) next to a PASS result indicates that the measured value is close enough to the standard input that it is within the SCAN-LAN VI’s measurement uncertainty.
Page 53: Attenuation
It can also be run individually. Attenuation detects one-way attenuation of each cable pair, poor connections/terminations, substandard wire, and faulty connectors. 6.4.1 R UNNING TTENUATION 1. Set the SCAN-LAN VI dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS. 2. Press the arrow key to select Attenuation.
Page 54: Running Attenuation
SCAN-LAN VI 3. Press ENTER. The test begins immediately. (Press the arrow keys to select another cable test standard.) 4. Press START (F1) to re-run the test. 6.4.2 V IEWING TTENUATION ESULTS To view the test-standard specification values: 1. Press SPEC (F3).
Page 55: Viewing A Graph Of Attenuation Results
A PASS* or FAIL* result (PASS or FAIL with an asterisk) indicates that a measured NEXT or attenuation value is close enough to the Test Standard that it is within the measurement uncertainty of the SCAN-LAN VI. As a result, the PASS or FAIL judgment is uncertain, and therefore the SCAN-LAN VI cannot determine with confidence whether the link conforms to the Test Standard.
Page 56: Acr
SCAN-LAN VI 6.5 ACR Attenuation-to-Crosstalk Ratio (ACR) is the difference between crosstalk and attenuation, measured in dB, at a given frequency. ACR is computed based on the measured values of attenuation and NEXT. A positive ACR is necessary to assure that a signal at the receiving end of a channel is stronger than the crosstalk interference imposed from adjacent wire pairs.
Page 57: Link Performance Analysis Beyond 100 Mhz
CHAPTER 6: Cable Test Descriptions Press START (F1) to restart the test. NOTE Minimum ACR is not presently specified in most link test standards (such as TIA TSB-67) or network standards (such as IEEE 802.3). ISO 11801 requires at least 4 dB of ACR at 100 MHz. Hub manufacturers recommend a minimum of 5 dB for reliable data transmission.
Page 58: Noise
SCAN-LAN VI 6.6 Noise Impulse Noise is non-repetitive electrical spikes or pulses caused by external electromagnetic fields. It is one of the primary causes of inconsistent performance on unshielded twisted-pair networks. The Noise test counts noise impulses (spikes) greater in amplitude than a minimum threshold on an idle twisted-pair cable segment and provides a report of the results.
Page 59: Viewing Noise Results
PAIR REVERSAL UNNING 1. Connect one end of the cable under test to the SCAN-LAN VI and the other end to the remote unit. Set the remote unit’s dial to REMOTE. 2. Set the dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS.
Page 60: Repeatability Test
UNNING EPEATABILITY 1. Connect one end of the cable under test to the SCAN-LAN VI and the other end to the remote unit. Set the remote unit’s dial to REMOTE. 2. Set the dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS. 3. Press the arrow keys to highlight REPEATABILITY.
Page 61: Impedance
UNNING ABLE ONER 1. Connect one end of the cable under test to the SCAN-LAN VI. 2. Set the dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS. 3. Press the arrow keys to highlight CABLE TONER. POWER SUM NEXT...
Page 62: Delay/Delay Skew
SCAN-LAN VI 4. Press ENTER. Press ESC to abort the test. (Press the arrow keys to select another cable test standard.) NOTE When the AUTO TONER is ON, the toner function is activated whenever a remote is not attached and the main unit is set to Quick Check or Autotest.
Page 63 CHAPTER 6: Cable Test Descriptions Pair 1 Pair 2 Pair 3 Pair 4 Delay Delay Skew Delay and Delay Skew are tested only during an Autotest or Quick Check. They are included in Autotest for the enhanced cable standards (for example, CAT5 Plus BasicLink).
Page 64: Resistance
SCAN-LAN VI DELAY 494ns 502ns 489ns 486ns SAVE Press the down arrow to view Delay Skew test summary. This screen shows the additional delay time for each pair, compared to the shortest pair. DELAY SKEW 16ns SAVE 6.12 Resistance The Resistance test measures and displays in ohms the DC resistance of each wire in the cable.
Page 65: Viewing Resistance Results
6.12.1 R UNNING ESISTANCE 1. Connect the SCAN-LAN VI to one end of the cable under test. 2. Connect the other end of the cable to the Remote Unit. 3. Set the SCAN-LAN VI’s dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS. Scroll through the list of functions until RESISTANCE is highlighted.
Page 66: Viewing Power Sum Next Results
SCAN-LAN VI 1. Press SPEC (F3) to view the test standard specification value. 2. Press SHIELD (F2) to view the resistance of the cable shield. 3. Press START (F1) to restart the resistance test. 6.13 Power Sum NEXT NEXT (Near End Crosstalk) is a measure of noise coupled from one pair to another pair in a four-pair cable.
Page 67 CHAPTER 6: Cable Test Descriptions Power Sum NEXT is tested only during an Autotest. It is included in Autotest for the enhanced Category 5 and Class D cable test standards (for example, CAT5 Plus BasicLink, ISO Plus Class D). The graph below shows the computed PS-NEXT for a typical Category 5 link, compared to a composite curve representing the greatest (i.e.
Page 68: Viewing A Graph Of Power Sum Next Results
SCAN-LAN VI POWER SUM NEXT PASS PASS PASS PASS SEND GRAPH DETAIL SAVE The worst measured crosstalk is shown in the detailed test display. The display indicates the frequency of this measurement, the measured value in decibels (dB) and the test limit.
Page 69: Cable Grading
The test result displayed on the graph is the worst value found within 1-MHz frequency increments for Category 5 and ISO Class D testing. All test results are available and can be output from the SCAN-LAN VI. 6.14 Cable Grading...
Page 70: Printing, Uploading, And Viewing Test Results
Connect the single, 9-pin connector end of the PC Interface Cable to the serial port on the SCAN-LAN VI. Connect one of the connectors on the other end (use either the 9- or the 25-pin connector) to a printer or PC.
Page 71: Printing/Uploading Multiple Reports
CHAPTER 7: Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results 2. Press the arrow keys to highlight the test report you wish to print or upload. 3. Press PRINT (F4) or ENTER. 4. Follow the procedure in Section 7.2.5. 7.2.2 P RINTING PLOADING ULTIPLE EPORTS...
Page 72: Printing/Uploading All Reports
SCAN-LAN VI NOTE Reports can also be de-selected by highlighting a selected report and pressing DESELECT (F1). 7.2.3 P RINTING PLOADING EPORTS 1. Set dial to PRINT to display the Print menu. 2. With <ALL REPORTS> highlighted, press SELECT (F1) or ENTER.
Page 73: Changing Serial-Port Settings
CHAPTER 7: Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results NOTE Detailed NEXT and Attenuation test results can only be uploaded to a PC in Comma Separated Variable (CSV) format. Serial-port settings (baud rate and flow control) are determined by SETUP parameters. See Chapter 9, Setup.
Page 74: Sample 250 Mhz Utp Autotest Report
SCAN-LAN VI NOTE Serial-port setting changes are automatically stored in nonvolatile memory. 7.2.6 S 250 MH UTP A AMPLE UTOTEST EPORT Up to 450 test reports can be saved in each SCAN-LAN System 6 tester. Reports can be uploaded to a PC and viewed or printed with the Report Manager software.
Page 75 CHAPTER 7: Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results Sample 250 MHz UTP Autotest Report CABLE CERTIFICATION REPORT #1 Circuit ID: Local Module Type: C6 Modular Plug Cable Test Standard: 250 MHz UTP Remote Module Type: C6 Modular Plug Location: BUILDING D, FLOOR 6 Serial Number: 98XXXXX V8.80D4 Date Tested: 05/01/1998 Cable NVP: 72.0% TEST SUMMARY: PASS...
Page 76: Deleting Test Reports
SCAN-LAN VI 7.3 Deleting Test Reports Reports may be deleted from memory by performing these steps: 1. Set the dial to PRINT to display the Print menu screen. 2. Press the arrow keys to highlight the test report you wish to delete.
Page 77 CHAPTER 7: Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results SCAN-LAN Vt NETWORK TRAFFIC REPORT Start Time: 15:29:14 Date: 08/08/1995 Operator: Cable Test Standard: 10Base-T Module Type: Modular Plug Location: ___________________ Serial Number: 0000000 ***Average Utilization ---Peak Utilization C = % Collisions Percent Network Utilization Time Packet...
Page 78 SCAN-LAN VI SCAN-LAN Vt NETWORK TRAFFIC REPORT Start Time: 15:29:14 Date: 08/08/1995 Operator: Cable Test Standard: 10Base-T Module Type: Modular Plug Location: ___________________ Serial Number: 0000000 ***Average Utilization ---Peak Utilization C = % Collisions Percent Network Utilization Time Packet +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+...
Page 79: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable
The SCAN-LAN VI checks for these possible failures. The test or tests you choose to run depend on whether you are performing a complete check of cable characteristics compared to a standard (cable certification) or troubleshooting a specific cable problem.
Page 80: Twisted-Pair Test Descriptions
SCAN-LAN VI 8.2 Twisted-Pair Test Descriptions The following test descriptions apply to testing four pair Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP). However, the fundamental concepts can be applied to testing Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and Screened Twisted Pair (ScTP) cable. 8.2.1 W Wire map is used to test the continuity of a cable and also to check for split pairs.
Page 81 CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable Open (8) Reversed (1 & 2) Crossed (1,2 to 3,6) Shorted (1 & 2) Figure 8-3. Continuity Wiring Errors. In addition to continuity, the TIA-568 also specifies which pins are associated with specific wire pairs in the cable. When pin-to-pin continuity is maintained, but the proper pairs are not, the wiring error is called a Split Pair.
Page 82 SCAN-LAN VI 1,2 splits 3,6 Figure 8-4. Split Pair. NOTE A split pair cannot be detected with a simple DC continuity check. Most wiring problems can be found at the termination points. A chart of common wire map problems and suggested solutions is shown below.
Page 83 CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable on one or more of the pairs” on the next page. Test Results Possible Solutions OPEN on one or Perform a length test to locate fault. Go to the fault and correct more of the pairs the wiring error.
Page 84 Test Results Possible Solutions Split pair The SCAN-LAN VI is designed to test for EIA/TIA 568 (continued) pairing (1,2; 3,6; 4,5; 7,8). USOC pairing is 1,8; 2,7; 3,6; 4,5. If testing a USOC cable, you will get a split pair between pins 1,2 and 7,8.
Page 85: Near-End Crosstalk (Next)
CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable 8.2.2 N (NEXT) ROSSTALK When a signal is transmitted onto one of the pairs, an electromagnetic field is created around the wires that couples the transmitted signal into adjacent pairs. This coupled signal is referred to as Crosstalk. Crosstalk is similar to the problem that occurs in a telephone when you hear another conversation on your line.
Page 86 SCAN-LAN VI The twisting of pairs of wires is essential to minimizing crosstalk effects from pair to pair. The amount of twisting is a key difference between high- performance Category 5 cable and lesser-rated cable, such as Category 3. A common problem with installing Category 5 cable is maintaining the wire twist when terminating the cable.
Page 87 CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable NEXT is measured in decibels (dB). A high dB value, which is typically referred to as low NEXT, is good (for example, 48 dB). This means there is a large difference between the transmitted signal and the resulting NEXT. A low dB value, which is typically referred to as high NEXT, is bad (for example, 20 dB).
Page 88 SCAN-LAN VI The following troubleshooting table describes some common NEXT problems and some solutions. Test Results Possible Solutions NEXT test fails for one Compare test results to actual expected values to or more pairs confirm misconformance. Start at tester end and check that all cable is minimum required grade.
Page 89 CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable Test Results Possible Solutions NEXT test fails in Check the terminations closest to where the faulty one direction but readings were detected. Follow procedure for “NEXT not in the other test fails for one or more pairs” to locate fault. NEXT test indicates Follow procedure for “Split Pair”...
Page 90: Attenuation
SCAN-LAN VI 8.2.3 A TTENUATION The Attenuation test measures the reduction in the strength or amplitude of a signal as it travels over the length of a twisted-pair cable. The amount of this loss is expressed in decibels (dB) (refer to Figure 8-9).
Page 91 CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable Common Causes of Solutions Attenuation Impedance A splice in the segment, or damage to a segment, can Anomalies cause excess attenuation. Perform a length test to check for anomalies in the segment. If anomaly is detected, go to that point and examine the cable and connections for kinks, cuts, splices, incorrect cable, sharp bends, etc.
Page 92: Length
8.2.4 L ENGTH The SCAN-LAN VI uses a method called Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) to measure cable length. With TDR, a signal is transmitted at one end of a cable and, at the same time, a timer is started. The electrical...
Page 93 (refer to Figure 8-11). Using the NVP value and the time to receive the returned TDR pulse, the SCAN-LAN VI calculates the cable length. = 300,000,000 m/s speed of light...
Page 94 The actual length of a pair is longer than the length of the cable but the NVP is calibrated to give the length of the cable. A default threshold value of 7% was chosen for the SCAN-LAN VI. This value corresponds to the worst-case allowable impedance discontinuity specified in IEEE 802.3 for coaxial cable.
Page 95 If the cable is less than five feet, the SCAN-LAN VI displays “Cable < 5 feet.” If the cable is longer than 2,000 feet, the SCAN-LAN VI indicates the cable is too long to measure.
Page 96 If the remote unit is connected during the length test, the reveals OPEN remote creates an OPEN in order to measure the length. If the cable was terminated during the test, the SCAN-LAN VI could not measure length. If you are concerned about continuity, perform a Wire Map test.
Page 97: Noise
CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable 8.2.5 N OISE Noise is defined as unwanted signals on the segment. Because of the construction of UTP cable, it acts as an antenna to electromagnetic and radio-frequency signals (refer to Figure 8-12). Examples of noise producers are fluorescent lights, electric motors, power lines, signals caused by voice lines sharing the same pathway as a data line, elevators, and industrial-type equipment.
Page 98: Impedance
Follow the segment from the end where noise was detected and look for “Common Causes of Noise.” 8.2.6 I MPEDANCE The SCAN-LAN VI does not have impedance. 8.2.7 R ESISTANCE Resistance is defined as an electrical element that impedes the flow of DC current.
Page 99: Testing Tips
CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable Although the SCAN-LAN VI uses TDR to measure length, Resistance can also be used as a method to measure the length of a cable if you know the rated resistance (ohms per foot or meter) of the cable. Resistance of a cable is usually rated on a per-1000-feet or per-1-km basis.
Page 100: Selecting The Proper Test
SCAN-LAN VI 1. When connecting to unidentified twisted-pair cable, make sure there are no voltages on the segment. Use a tone tester or voltmeter to determine that there are no voltages on the wire. 2. Connect the remote unit to one end of the cable. Connect the main unit to the other end.
Page 101: Power Sum Next
CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable 2. If any of the tests you perform using the SCAN-LAN VI fail, use the information from the troubleshooting tables provided earlier in this chapter to determine the cause of the failure. 3. If the SCAN-LAN VI displays results you did not expect, make sure you document the result or save the test for later printout.
Page 102 SCAN-LAN VI Calculated Power Sum NEXT compared to pair-to-pair NEXT for a typical link is shown in Figure 8-14. Power Sum NEXT can be nearly 5 dB worse than the pair-to-pair NEXT. Consequently, the Power Sum NEXT test holds the cable up to a higher standard, providing additional assurance that the link will support future high-speed networks.
Page 103: Delay/Delay Skew
CHAPTER 8: Testing Twisted-Pair Cable 8.5 Delay/Delay Skew Pair 1 Pair 2 Pair 3 Pair 4 Delay Delay Skew Delay is a measure of the time electrical signals take to propagate from one end of the cable to the other end. The difference in propagation delays from one cable pair to another is called Delay Skew.
Page 104: Setup
SCAN-LAN VI 9. Setup 9.1 Setup Functions The following table provides information about the functions available under the SETUP dial position. The table details the softkey operations, the selections available for each setup parameter, and factory-set default values. Table 9-1. Setup Functions...
Page 105: Changing Setup Parameters
Fault Threshold is the minimum reflection level detected as an anomaly in the Length test. Any reflection less than this threshold will be ignored by the SCAN-LAN VI. The default Fault Threshold value is 7%, which corresponds to the worst- case allowable impedance discontinuity specified in IEEE 802.3 for coaxial...
Page 106: Noise Threshold
SCAN-LAN VI • Switch dial to SETUP. • Highlight Fault Thresh using the arrow keys. • Press DEFAULT (F1) to change to the factory-default value. • Press DEC (F2) to decrease the fault threshold. • Press INC (F3) to increase the fault threshold.
Page 107: Power Down Time
OWER PowerDown sets the time interval for the SCAN-LAN VI’s automatic power- down. The SCAN-LAN VI will power down after the time interval you select if there has either been no key press or no communication with the other end when set to remote mode. To disable PowerDown, set the value to Disabled.
Page 108: Power Frequency
9.2.6 P OWER REQUENCY The Power Frequency parameter is used to set the SCAN-LAN VI to match the frequency of the local AC/Mains power source. Proper setting of Power Frequency will avoid display flicker caused by the interaction of the LCD display with room light sources. It is also used to filter noise from some measurements.
Page 109: Baud Rate
CHAPTER 9: Setup 9.2.7 B The Baud Rate matches the SCAN-LAN VI serial output baud rate with that of the printer or PC. The default setting is 9600 baud, which is the most common serial-printer input baud rate. • Set dial to SETUP.
Page 110: Date
• Press HARDWARE (F4), XON/XOFF, (F2), or NONE (F1). 9.2.9 D The SCAN-LAN VI records the date when a test report is saved and includes this date on output test reports. There are three available date formats: mm/dd/yy (default), dd/mm/yy, or yy/mm/dd.
Page 111: Audible Tones
CHAPTER 9: Setup • Press HOUR (F2) to change the hour. • Press MINUTE (F3) to change the minutes. • Press 0 SEC (F4) to zero the seconds. 9.2.11 A UDIBLE ONES The Audible Tones parameter enables and disables audible tones that are sounded at the end of tests, and during Traffic and Noise tests.
Page 112: Company Name
SCAN-LAN VI • Press ON /OFF (F4) to enable or disable the tone. 9.2.13 C OMPANY Test reports can be customized to include a company name up to 20 characters long. • Set dial to SETUP. • Highlight “Co.” using the arrow keys.
Page 113: Circuit Names
CHAPTER 9: Setup • Press PREV (F2) or NEXT (F3) to enter letters or numbers. Hold down the key to accelerate scrolling of characters. • Press ENTER to save the new name. 9.2.14 C IRCUIT AMES The Circuit Names setting determines the default name used for the circuit identification when saving Autotest results.
Page 114: Auto Toner
Reset To Defaults 9.2.16 R ESET TO EFAULTS The Reset to Defaults parameter allows you to return the SCAN-LAN VI’s internal settings to their factory-default settings. • Set dial to SETUP. • Highlight Reset to Defaults using the arrow keys.
Page 115: Circuit Names
CHAPTER 9: Setup • Press SETUP (F2) to reset all set up parameters to their default values (refer to Table 9-1). • Press NVPs (F3) to reset all NVP values to their default values as shown in Appendix B. 9.2.17 C IRCUIT AMES The Circuit Names setting determines the default name used for the...
Page 116 SCAN-LAN VI NEXT: User can enter Circuit ID starting with the last ID used but with the last character “incremented.” NOTE The string length is not changed on overflow but the character to the left is “incremented.” Letters increment to letters (...XYZABC...) and numbers increment to numbers (0123456789012...).
Page 117: Calibration
(Press arrow keys to change the cable test standard and press SAVE (F4) or ENTER.) 3. Connect a known length of sample cable to the SCAN-LAN VI. The cable must be at least 50 feet (15.2 meters) long to get an accurate measurement (longer lengths improve accuracy).
Page 118: Using Manufacturer's Cable Specifications
If you do not have a known length of cable available, but can identify the cable manufacturer and part number, you may be able to determine the rated cable NVP and load that NVP value into the SCAN-LAN VI. Many common cable NVPs are listed in Appendix B, Common NVP Values.
Page 119: Why Do I Need To Set Cable Nvp
NVP is expressed as a percentage, usually between 50 and 90%. A default NVP value is automatically set by the SCAN-LAN VI based upon the cable test standard selected. Using the default value, however, may result in cable-length measurement errors of up to 7%, due to the variation in the signal propagation rate from cable to cable.
Page 120: Performance-Module Calibration
SCAN- LAN VI automatically recognizes which type of Performance Module is installed. It is possible for the SCAN-LAN VI to be calibrated to a number of Performance Modules at the same time, provided that they are different types.
Page 121 MODULE screen will appear with the displayed message “Connect To JACK 1.” 4. Connect the SCAN-LAN VI to JACK 1 of the Calibration Standard. (Use a Category 5 Patch Cord for connecting a Modular Jack Performance Module to the Calibration Standard.) 5.
Page 122: Impedance Calibration
If at any time during the above procedure an error message is displayed on the screen, start at the beginning of the instructions and attempt the calibration again. If the problem continues, contact Black Box for technical support. 10.4 Impedance Calibration The SCAN-LAN VI does not support impedance calibration.
Page 123: Ethernet Traffic Analysis
An audio tone provides feedback of network activity. Test results are saved in the SCAN-LAN VI’s memory and can be printed when the test is completed. The printout includes a graph of network activity over time showing average utilization, peak utilization, percentage of collisions, packet counts, and jabber conditions.
Page 124: Viewing Traffic Results
SCAN-LAN VI 11.2 Viewing Traffic Results The screen displays a continuous reading of traffic conditions on the network. FEATURE DESCRIPTION One Sec Traffic Shows the average network utilization over the last second. Average traffic utilization over 30 to 40% indicates a heavily loaded network.
Page 125 CHAPTER 11: Ethernet Traffic Analysis Figure 11-1. Traffic Test Results Screen (Wrong Polarity). Figure 11-2. Traffic Test Results Screen (No Link Pulse). Figure 11-3. Traffic Test Results Screen (Jabber Detected). NOTE The “Error Since” message indicates the time when the present traffic error began.
Page 126: Self-Test
3. Press ENTER. The test begins immediately and the screen displays the test results. If the self-test fails, make a note of which test fails and contact Black Box. If the SCAN-LAN VI passes the self-test, but still does not perform properly, perform the calibration procedure (refer to Chapter 10, Calibration).
Page 127: Talk And Test Modules For The Scan-Lan Vi
13. Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI 13.1 Introduction The Talk and Test Module for the SCAN-LAN VI certifies multimode fiber pairs by comparing bi-directional dual-wavelength 850/1300-nm loss, length, and propag- ation delay measurements against several industry standards. The Talk and Test Module also provides interpretation-free pass/fail results.
Page 128: Test Setup
13.3 Test Setup One SCAN-LAN VI handset is used as the Remote Unit. Set its dial to REMOTE. The other SCAN-LAN VI handset is used as the Main Unit. Before you begin a certification test, it’s important to properly configure the Main Unit to your...
Page 129 CHAPTER 13: Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI NDEX OF EFRACTION Set the Index of Refraction (IOR) each time you test a cable from a different manufacturer or spool. Attach the launch cables to TX (transmit) and RX (receive) ports on each handset as shown in Section 13.5.
Page 130 SCAN-LAN VI With this function you can input the number of connectors and splices for the link under test, and the core diameter. This allows the tester to automatically calculate pass/fail limits based on test standards and allowable losses for these components.
Page 131: Set Reference Power
CHAPTER 13: Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI ABLE TANDARD On the LOSS, POWER, and MARGIN display screens, a test standard will be displayed with an up and down arrow (↑↓). Using these standards allows the Talk and Test Module to automatically determine pass/fail loss and length limits. At any time, you can use the arrow keys to select a new cable standard.
Page 132 SCAN-LAN VI • Press SETREF (F4) from the Power screen. The tester will return to the Loss screen after setting the reference. POWER dBm 568A Horizontal Lnk -23.64 850nm -27.35 -13.85 1300nm -19.68 BUDGET LOSS TALK SETREF To establish a new reference after initially setting the reference, return to the Power screen by pressing ESC while the Loss screen is shown.
Page 133: Fiberoptic Cable Testing Per Tia Ofstp-14A Method B
CHAPTER 13: Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI 13.5 Fiberoptic Cable Testing per TIA OFSTP-14A Method B Measuring the Fiber Link Light Direction Wall Plate Patch panel to wall link Test Jumper B Test Jumper A Wall to patch panel link...
Page 134: Autotest
SCAN-LAN VI 13.6 Autotest Make sure that the Main and Remote Units are connected as shown in Section 13.5. OWER EASUREMENT • Set the Main Unit dial to AUTOTEST. The unit displays the power received for both Rx and Tx at both 850 and 1300 nm.
Page 135 CHAPTER 13: Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI OSS AND ARGIN ESTS • Press LOSS (F2). The Loss screen displays the power lost in dBm at both wavelengths for both cables, due to attenuation in the cables under test.
Page 136: Saving An Autotest
SCAN-LAN VI 13.7 Saving an Autotest Since measurements on two separate cables are being performed, you must input a circuit ID name for each cable tested. AUTOTEST SAVE Report #002 (Press ENTER To Save) LEFT PREV NEXT RIGHT AUTOTEST SAVE...
Page 137: Printing, Uploading, And Viewing Test Results
CHAPTER 13: Talk and Test Modules for the SCAN-LAN VI 13.8 Printing, Uploading, and Viewing Test Results You can view or print test results from the Main Unit, or upload the results to a PC for viewing or printing with Report Manager software.
Page 138: Appendix A: Test Standards
SCAN-LAN VI Appendix A: Test Standards The SCAN-LAN VI tests cabling to the performance required by the cable test standard chosen. The test limits for each specification standard are listed in the tables in this appendix. SCAN-LAN VI cable test standards may be modified to add/remove cable tests (for example, cable resistance) and modify which pairs are tested.
Page 139: Basic Link Testing
TSB-67. The Modular Plug Performance Module is used in this arrangement. The following figure illustrates a typical test setup using two SCAN-LAN VI to test a Basic Link. Wall Outlet Cross Connect...
Page 140: Eia/Tia Tsb-67-Test Limits
SCAN-LAN VI A.4 EIA/TIA TSB-67—Test Limits When testing to Category 3, Category 4, or Category 5 UTP limits, the cable category as well as the Cable Test Configuration is chosen from the Cable Test Standards menu. To test the Channel, including user patch and equipment cords, use the Modular Jack Performance Module and test to Level-I accuracy.
Page 141: Iso/Iec-Test Limits
APPENDIX A: Test Standards Table A-2. NEXT Frequency Category 3 (dB) Category 4 (dB) Category 5 (dB) Channel Link Channel Link Channel Link 39.1 40.1 53.3 54.7 >60 >60 29.3 30.7 43.3 45.1 50.6 51.8 24.3 25.9 38.2 40.2 45.6 47.1 22.7 24.3...
Page 142 SCAN-LAN VI Table A-4. ISO/IEC 11801 Pass/Fail Limits Frequency Max. Attenuation Values (dB) Min. NEXT Loss (dB) (MHz) Class C Class D Class C Class D 10.7 10.5 31.25 13.1 62.5 18.4 23.2 Table A-5. ISO 11801 Class C, Class D ACR Test Limits...
Page 143: Enhanced Cable Standards-Test Limits
IEEE 802.3 and 802.5 Standards specify cabling performance required for proper operation of Ethernet and Token-Ring networks, respectively. SCAN-LAN VI checks against the following limits when those wiring systems are invoked from the menu. These systems can be tested with either the plug or jack interface.
Page 144 SCAN-LAN VI Table A-8. 4-Mbps Token Ring UTP Pass/Fail Limits ≤100 meters Length <9.9 Ω Resistance 100±25 Ω Characteristic Impedance NEXT >31 dB @ 5 MHz >28 dB @ 8 MHz >26 dB @ 10 MHz Attenuation <7 dB @ 5 MHz <9 dB @ 8 MHz...
Page 145 APPENDIX A: Test Standards Table A-11. 100BASE-TX Pass/Fail Limits Characteristic Impedance 100±25Ω NEXT Between 1 and 100 MHz, NEXT >Category 5 Channel Limits Attenuation Between 1 and 100 MHz, Attenuation <Category 5 Channel Limits Split Pair NEXT <20 dB (8 to 10 MHz) Resistance <9.9Ω...
Page 146 SCAN-LAN VI Table A-14. ISO 11801 Class C Pass/Fail Limits ≤100 meters Length Characteristic Impedance 100±25Ω NEXT Between 1 and 16 MHz, NEXT >ISO 11801 Class C Limits Attenuation Between 1 and 16 MHz, Attenuation <ISO 11801 Class C Limits...
Page 147: Defining Custom Standards
APPENDIX A: Test Standards Table A-17. ScTP Class D Pass/Fail Limits ≤100 meters Length Characteristic Impedance 100±25Ω NEXT Between 1 and 100 MHz, NEXT >ISO 11801 Class D Limits Attenuation Between 1 and 100 MHz, Attenuation <ISO 11801 Class D Limits Split Pair 20 dB Resistance...
Page 148 SCAN-LAN VI The tests performed and the PASS/FAIL limits are set by copying one of the existing cable test standards. The customization consists of selecting which pairs will be included in the tests and which tests will be performed. To create a custom standard: 1.
Page 149 (Press ENTER to Save) * CAT5 Basic Link nn LEFT PREV NEXT RIGHT 9. Press ENTER to save the custom cable test standard. NOTE When using the SCAN-LAN VI testers, matching custom cable definitions must be created on both units.
Page 150: Appendix B: Common Cable Nvp Values
SCAN-LAN VI Appendix B: Common Cable NVP Values The SCAN-LAN VI uses the following default NVP values: Cable Test Standards Default NVP Category 5 Basic Link Category 5 Channel Category 4 Basic Link Category 4 Channel Category 3 Basic Link...
Page 151 APPENDIX B: Common Cable NVP Values The following table lists the characteristic impedance and nominal NVP for several manufacturers’ cable types. Manufacturer Part No. Category Impedance (Ω) NVP (%) Alcatel 530102 Alcatel 230146 Alpha 9304C Alpha 9304F AT&T 1010A AT&T 1024A AT&T 2010A...
Page 152 SCAN-LAN VI Manufacturer Part No. Category Impedance (Ω) NVP (%) Berk-Tek HYPER-Grade PL Berk-Tek HYPER-Grade NP Berk-Tek LANmark PL Berk-Tek LANmark NP...
Page 153: Appendix C: Optional Accessories
APPENDIX C: Optional Accessories Appendix C: Optional Accessories The following accessories may be ordered separately from Black Box. ACCESSORY PART NO. Modular Jack Performance Module TS692 Coax Performance Module TS693 Battery Eliminator, Rechargeable NiMH TS694 Carrying case, softside TS695...
Page 154: Appendix D: Cable Replacement Procedure
The Modular Plug Performance Module shipped with your SCAN-LAN VI features a user-replaceable test cord. This Performance Module is a critical part of a SCAN-LAN VI. The SCAN-LAN VI uses frequencies up to 100 MHz, where 1 inch of wire is a significant part of a wavelength. Proper wire preparation and pair twisting is extremely important to preserve measurement accuracy.
Page 155: Disassembly
APPENDIX D. Cable Replacement Procedure PTIONAL QUIPMENT • Soldering tools • Needle-nose pliers. THREADED SPACER (2) CASE TIE-WRAP PCB MOUNT SCREW (2) GROMMET INSTALLATION JACK SCREW (2) Figure D-1. Performance Module Disassembly. D.3 Disassembly 1. Remove the Performance Module from the main body. CAUTION Removing the Performance Module exposes static-sensitive electronics inside the main body.
Page 156: New Cable Preparation
SCAN-LAN VI 5. Remove individual wires by unscrewing their terminals with the screwdriver. For easy re-assembly, fully open the terminal barrels, using six full turns. 6. Note the location of the tie wrap on the old cable and then cut away the tie wrap without cutting the grommet.
Page 157: Reassembly
APPENDIX D. Cable Replacement Procedure NOTE Observe carefully the direction of the wire’s twist. Proper installation requires this same twist direction right up to the screw terminals. When viewed from the end, most wire twists clockwise as it approaches the wire’s end.
Page 158 8. Reinstall the Performance Module in the SCAN-LAN VI body by alternately turning each knurled thumbscrew a small amount or turning them simultaneously. Only tighten these screws finger-tight.
Page 159: Recalibration
2. Calibrate Remote. Follow the Remote Unit Calibration procedure, also in Chapter 10. 3. System Check. Check your SCAN-LAN VI performance by turning the dial to EXTENDED FUNCTIONS. Run Self-Test. All results should read PASS. Run Pair Reversal Test. Results should read PASS.
Page 160 SCAN-LAN VI Table D-1. Replacement Cable Connections Terminal Blocks Wire-Map Number (DRAIN) Type Wire Connections T568A Pair 3 Pair 2 Pair 1 Pair 4 Green White- White- Orange BLue White- White- BRown Green Orange BLue BRown T568B * Pair 2...
Page 161: Glossary
GLOSSARY Glossary AC (Alternating Current) — A voltage or current of alternating polarity. Access Unit — A unit that allows multiple-device attachment at a central location. Address — An identification code assigned uniquely to each device or workstation connected to a network. Analog —...
Page 162 SCAN-LAN VI Barrel Connector — Connector that joins two sections of a coax cable. Baseband — A frequency band that uses the complete bandwidth of a cable down to zero frequency for the transmission of a single channel of data.
Page 163 GLOSSARY CDDI — Copper Distributed Data Interface, a variation of the FDDI standard (ANSI X3T9.5) adapted for 100-Mbps data transmission on twisted-pair cable. Also called TP-PMD. Channel — As defined by EIA/TIA TSB-67, the entire horizontal wiring link connecting end devices in the work area to the hub/concentrator in the wiring closet.
Page 164 SCAN-LAN VI DECnet — A proprietary Ethernet LAN developed by Digital Equipment Corporation. Delay — A measure of the time electrical signals take to propagate from one end of the cable to the other end. Delay Skew — The difference in propagation delays from one cable pair to another.
Page 165 GLOSSARY Frequency — Rate of AC signal alternation, defined in Hertz (cycles per second). Full Duplex — Transmission of data in both directions at the same time. Gateway — A device that interconnects two or more networks that may use different protocols and media.
Page 166 SCAN-LAN VI Jack — EIA-standard modular connector for connecting twisted-pair cables at a wall plate or patch panel. Jacket — The outside protective covering of a cable. Jitter — The time-based variation of the received data bits. Jumper Cable — Short cable for interconnecting connecting blocks or patch panels.
Page 167 GLOSSARY Modular Plug — EIA-standard connector used to terminate twisted-pair patch cables and equipment cables. Sometimes called RJ-45 plug. MSAU (Multi-Station Access Unit) — A Token Ring wiring center for network attachment. MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) — The average operation time to component failures.
Page 168 SCAN-LAN VI Patch Cable — A short length of cable with modular-plug connectors at both ends that is used to complete a cable segment. Patch Panel — An organized concentration of modular-cable connectors that facilitates the interconnection of cable segments.
Page 169 GLOSSARY Router — A device that interconnects two or more LAN subnetworks and relays packets based upon destination network addresses. Runt Packet — An Ethernet packet that is shorter than the minimum valid length (64 bytes). Screened Twisted Pair (ScTP) — Cable constructed of four twisted-wire pairs surrounded by a metal foil shield and an outer protective jacket.
Page 170 SCAN-LAN VI T Connection — A three-way BNC-type connector used to connect coaxial cable to a station network interface card in a 10BASE2 Ethernet network. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) — A protocol originally defined by the U.S. Department of Defense.
Page 171 GLOSSARY Twisted Pair — A transmission medium using a pair of wires that are twisted together. ® — Underwriter’s Laboratories. UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair cable) — Cable constructed of four twisted wire pairs surrounded by an outer protective jacket. Voice Grade Cable — A lower quality or category of cable used to carry telephone communication.

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