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conditioning part load operation;
Energy-saving technical measures should be adopted as much as possible in the design of
air-conditioning piping systems;
The pipe and fittings used in the piping system should meet the local requirements;
Pay attention to the maintenance and management of the piping system design, easy to operate and
adjust.
Determination of pipe diameter of air conditioning water system
The pipe diameter d is determined by the following formula:
We recommend that the water flow rate in the water system be selected according to the recommended
values in Table 1. The pipe diameter is determined by trial calculation, or the pipe diameter is
determined according to the flow according to Table 2.
Pipe diameter（mm）
12
Closed water
0.4-0.5
system
Open water system
0.3-0.4
Pipe diameter（mm）
100
Closed water
1.3-1.8
system
Open water system
1.2-1.6
Table 2. Pipe diameter and unit length resistance loss of water system
Steel pipe diameter
（mm）
15
20
25
32
40
50
65
80
100
125
150
Note: The parameters in the above table will change with the update of the design manual. For details,
please refer to the HVAC System Design Manual.
In the middle：m
v--------Water flow rate m s ⁄
Table 1. Recommended water flow rate in the pipe (m/s)
20
25
0.5-0.6
0.6-0.7
0.4-0.5
0.5-0.6
125
150
1.5-2.0
1.6-2.2
1.4-1.8
1.5-2.0
Closed water system
flow（m3/h）
kPa/100m
0～0.5
0.5～1.0
10～60
1～2
10～60
2～4
10～60
4～6
10～60
6～11
10～60
11～18
10～60
18～32
10～60
32～65
10～60
65～115
10～60
115～185
10～47
4m
w
d = √
3.14v
------Water flow m
w
32
40
0.7-0.9
0.8-1.0
0.6-0.8
0.7-0.9
200
250
1.8-2.5
1.8-2.6
1.6-2.3
1.7-2.4
flow（m3/h）
--
0～60
--
0～1.3
1.3～2.0
2～4
4～8
8～14
14～22
22～45
45～82
82～130
17
3
s ⁄
50
65
0.9-1.2
1.1-1.4
0.9-1.0
0.9-1.2
300
350
1.9-2.9
1.6-2.5
1.7-2.4
1.6-2.1
Open water system
kPa/100m
--
--
0～43
11～40
10～40
--
--
--
--
10～40
10～43
80
1.2-1.6
1.1-1.4
400
1.8-2.6
1.8-2.3
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