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Wheatstone Corporation AM-10HD Technical Manual

Digital audio processor
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AM - 10
hD
D
a
P
igital
uDio
rocessor
T
echnical
M
anual
Wheatstone Corporation
August 2008

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  • Page 1 AM - 10 igital uDio rocessor echnical anual Wheatstone Corporation August 2008...
  • Page 2 U lt r a - H i g H r e s o l U t i o n P r o c e s s i n g AM-10 HD Digital Audio Processor Technical Manual - 1st Edition ©2008 Wheatstone Corporation 600 Industrial Drive New Bern, North Carolina 28562 tel 252-638-7000 / fax 252-637-1285 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 3 Wheatstone could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. R R R R R M M M M M ! ! ! ! ! AM-10HD / Aug 2008 E A D E A D E A D E A D...
  • Page 4 HD signal path. AM-10HD and FM-10HD: successors to the AM-5HD and extremely popular FM-5. The AM-10HD and FM-10HD are equipped with dual signal chains for separately processing the standard analog and HD signals. VP-8: the first multimode broadcast audio processor with six built-in processing modes for FM, AM, FM-HD, AM-HD, MP3/AAC>48k, and MP3/AAC<48k.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Chapter 1 – General Information Introduction ..................1-2 Overview ..................1-4 Rack Mounting ................1-4 Installation Tips ......................1-5 Where to Install the AM-10HD ..................1-6 EAS—United States Emergency Alert System ............1-6 Arbitron People Meter .....................1-6 Energizing ..................1-6 I/O Connections ................1-7 Audio Inputs ........................1-7...
  • Page 6 Operating the AM-10HD Locally .................2-5 Unlocking the Front Panel ..................2-5 Taking Presets .......................2-5 Adjusting the Headphone Level ................2-6 Operating the AM-10HD Remotely—Installing The GUI Software ......2-6 Configuring the AM-10HD TCP/IP Address ............2-6 Configuring the AM-10HD .................2-7 Configuring the GUI ...................2-8 Additional Notes on AM-10HD GUI Connectivity ...........2-9...
  • Page 7 Source ......................3-33 Bandwidth ......................3-33 HF Protect and HyperMono ................3-33 HF Protect ....................3-34 Ceiling ......................3-34 Recovery ....................3-34 HyperMono ....................3-34 Lim/Clip (Limiter/Clipper) Drive ................3-35 Limiter Enable ....................3-36 L/R Linked ......................3-36 Limiter Thresh ....................3-36 Attack ........................3-36 page Contents – 3 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 8 Digital Output ....................3-57 DeEmphasis ....................3-57 PreDelay .....................3-57 LF Tilt ........................3-57 Adjusting the Tilt Corrector .................3-58 HF Correction ....................3-60 System Menu ......................3-62 System Settings Change With Preset Takes ............3-62 Headphone Source ...................3-63 Headphone Control ..................3-64 page Contents – 4 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 9 File Menu Items ....................3-79 Hardware Menu Items ..................3-79 AM-10HD Hardware Update ................3-80 Presets Menu Items ....................3-81 Chapter 4 – Schematic and Load Sheet Drawings AM-10HD Signal Flow Diagram ............ 4-2 Audio Processor (AM-10HD) Schematic ........................4-3 Load Sheet .........................4-8 Appendix Parameters, Units, and Ranges ............A-2 page Contents –...
  • Page 10 Chapter Contents Introduction ..................1-2 Overview ..................1-4 Rack Mounting ................1-4 Installation Tips ......................1-5 Where to Install the AM-10HD ..................1-6 EAS—United States Emergency Alert System ............1-6 Arbitron People Meter .....................1-6 Energizing ..................1-6 I/O Connections ................1-7 Audio Inputs ........................1-7 Analog In .........................1-7...

  • Page 11: Introduction

    The AM-10HD provides the power and the tools required to design the just right sound. If you can think of the on-air sound you want your station to have, the AM-10HD can create it for you. This extreme flexibility is made possible by our entirely new approach to both the user interface and clever new DSP audio processing algorithms.
  • Page 12 G E N E R A L I N F O R M A T I O N Wheatstone Corporate Headquarters Wheatstone Corporation is a world-leader in broadcast audio equipment design and manufacturing. Our product line includes audio consoles for the radio and television...

  • Page 13: Overview

    There is a small fan inside the AM-10HD whose purpose is to stir air inside the en- closure. It does not “remove” heat. In the unlikely even that it should happen, failure of the fan will not compromise the operation of the AM-10HD.

  • Page 14: Installation Tips

    If such a location is unavoidable then it is advisable to utilize an extra 1RU blank rack panel between the AM-10HD and devices immediately above and/or below it.

  • Page 15: Where To Install The Am-10Hd

    If the EAS unit must be installed prior to it, the AM-10HD should be configured so that when the EAS tones are being sent the AM-10HD is switched to a bypass or special preset mode. This can be accomplished by using the AM-10HD’s GPI...

  • Page 16: I/O Connections

    G E N E R A L I N F O R M A T I O N I/O Connections All audio input and output, control, Ethernet, and AC power connections are made via various connectors mounted on the AM-10HD’s rear panel. Nine XLR connectors are provided for analog and digital audio input and output connections.

  • Page 17: Audio Outputs

    AES inputs, even if those inputs are not selected to feed the audio processing chain. page 1 – 8 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 18: Network Connection

    CAT5 cable. For typical CAT5 cable pinouts see below. These connections are for communicating with the configuration computer via a network. If you are connecting directly between the computer and the AM-10HD with no network in between, it is normal to use a crossover cable.

  • Page 19: General Purpose Interface (Gpi/Gpo)

    The GPI interface provides eight separate General Purpose Inputs, sharing a common return. The connector is a female DB-9 connector with the following pin assignments. Note that all pins are isolated from AM-10HD internal circuitry! Pin 1 – GPI COM (-) Pin 6 –...

  • Page 20: User Presets

    9.1 kOhms User Presets The AM-10HD comes with a variety of factory presets and can hold a total of 80 in its onboard memory. You can design and save additional presets within the AM-10HD’s onboard memory and can store an unlimited number of presets on the PC that is hosting the remote control GUI software.
  • Page 21 G E N E R A L I N F O R M A T I O N page 1 – 12 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 22 G E N E R A L I N F O R M A T I O N The AM-10HD provides four General Purpose Output (GPO) circuits that may be used in a variety of ways. Like the GPI circuits, the GPO utilizes optoisolators in order to provide high electrical isolation from the outside world.
  • Page 23 PIN 2 XLR HD RT HI - LINE HD RT OUT HI PIN 3 XLR HD RT LO - LINE HD RT OUT L O PIN 3 XLR AM RT LO - LINE AM RT OUT LO page 1 – 14 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 24 XLR HD-M PIN 1 XLR HD SH - AES HD OUT SH PIN 2 XLR HD HI - AES HD OUT HI PIN 3 XLR HD LO - AES HD OUT LO page 1 – 15 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 25: Gpo

    GPO 2 OUT RETURN GPI 4 IN (+) GPO 2 OUT SOURCE GPI 3 IN (+) GPO 1 OUT RETURN GPI 2 IN (+) GPI 1 IN (+) GPO 1 OUT SOURCE GPI COM (-) page 1 – 16 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 26 Operating the AM-10HD Locally .................2-5 Unlocking the Front Panel ..................2-5 Taking Presets .......................2-5 Adjusting the Headphone Level ................2-6 Operating the AM-10HD Remotely—Installing The GUI Software ......2-6 Configuring the AM-10HD TCP/IP Address ............2-6 Configuring the AM-10HD .................2-7 Configuring the GUI ...................2-8 Additional Notes on AM-10HD GUI Connectivity ...........2-9...

  • Page 27: Am-10Hd Quick Start Setup Guide

    F E A T U R E S A N D P R E S E T S AM-10HD Quick Start Setup Guide We know that you’re probably in a hurry to get on the air with your new AM‑10HD.

  • Page 28: Easy Steps To Success

    “Phase.” These check boxes allow you to invert the phase of one or both outputs to match the polarity requirements of the connected transmitter(s). If you see increased negative modulation when advancing the Positive Modulation control, the output phase for that transmitter should be reversed. page 2 – 3 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 29 The following pages contain additional startup information. Please excuse us if there is some repetition of information; we know that some of you will be jumping around in the manual rather than reading it sequentially. After all, we’re engineers too! page 2 – 4 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 30: Install And Connect The Am-10Hd

    F E A T U R E S A N D P R E S E T S Install and Connect the AM-10HD 1. Install the AM‑10HD in the equipment rack using at least two rack screws. If only two screws are used they must be installed in the bottom holes of the rack ears to prevent undue stress on the front panel and possible bending.

  • Page 31: Adjusting The Headphone Level

    The relative position of the control is shown by digits rang‑ ing from “0” to “100,” with “0” being “Off” and “100” being full volume. Operating the AM-10HD Remotely—Installing the GUI Software For remote operation via the GUI software supplied with the unit, insert the AM‑10HD software CD into a Windows XP/2000 computer and follow the on screen...

  • Page 32: Configuring The Am-10Hd

    MAC address that was entered in this Figure 1 step. If the MAC address is incorrect, the AM‑10HD AM-10HD IP Address Configuration will never “hear” it. Next, enter a pet name for your AM‑10HD, like WXYZ, etc.

  • Page 33: Configuring The Gui

    After this is done you may click “OK” on the Edit Device box. Then, in the Devices Dialog box, highlight (single left click) the AM‑10HD device that you just added and click on “Select.” This step tells the GUI specifically which AM‑10HD you want to connect to. page 2 – 8 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 34: Additional Notes On Am-10Hd Gui Connectivity

    192.168.1.254, noting of course that the AM‑10HD and GUI PC cannot share the same IP address. Additional Notes on AM-10HD GUI Connectivity The AM‑10HD uses both TCP port 55895 and the first available UDP port in the range of 60001 to 60010 during communications sessions.

  • Page 35: A Known Windows Networking Issue

    Windows. To do this, open the Windows Network Connections dialog: Next, highlight the Local Area Connection and then right click it. A drop down menu similar to the following will appear: page 2 – 10 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 36 This process usually completes in a few seconds and when it does the network connection should be fully functional. If it still does not work, then some friendly assistance from your local IT guru might be required. page 2 – 11 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 37: Achieving Your Special On-Air Sound

    6386 vari‑ able mµ triodes in its signal path, will you be getting all of the above benefits in large quantities by buying a new processor. 6386 Variable mµ Triode page 2 – 12 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 38: About Bass

    Loudness then, for loudness’ sake, must be approached with a bit of caution. page 2 – 13 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 39: How Do I Make It Louder

    This is because equalization (EQ) eats up headroom, and if you’re trying to be really loud like they are, you need all the headroom you can get and therefore less EQ can be used. page 2 – 14 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 40: Clean And Loud

    Hi‑Fi to the sound without having to rely on using static equalization. In AM what we’ve done is keep the middle three bands fairly narrow, with the bottom and top bands tuned to handle the extensions of the audio spectrum. This concentrates the page 2 – 15 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 41: Can I Generate That "Sixties" Compression Sound

    In this scenario you may have to come up with a way to reduce the contribution of the reverb, but only when talent microphones are on. page 2 – 16 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 42: The Am-10Hd Factory Presets

    F E A T U R E S A N D P R E S E T S The AM-10HD Factory Presets The Factory supplied presets cover ten general categories with each preset further tuned for each of the five available low pass filter responses.
  • Page 43 Chapter Contents Architecture of the AM-10HD GUI ..........3-5 Network Configuration ..............3-5 Getting Started ................3-6 Connecting the AM-10HD and the GUI ........3-6 Using a LAN Connection ....................3-6 Configuring the AM-10HD IP Address ..............3-6 Adding Devices .......................3-8 Connecting Directly Without a LAN ................3-10 PC System Requirements ..................3-10...
  • Page 44 Ceiling ......................3-34 Recovery ....................3-34 HyperMono ....................3-34 Lim/Clip (Limiter/Clipper) Drive ................3-35 Limiter Enable ....................3-36 L/R Linked ......................3-36 Limiter Thresh ....................3-36 Attack ........................3-36 Release ......................3-36 Delayed Release ....................3-37 Clip Style ......................3-37 Phase Reverse ....................3-37 page 3 – 2 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 45 Test Oscillator ....................3-55 Tilt Test ......................3-55 Bandwidth ......................3-55 Output Mode .....................3-56 Positive Modulation ..................3-56 Digital Output ....................3-57 DeEmphasis ....................3-57 PreDelay .....................3-57 LF Tilt ........................3-57 Adjusting the Tilt Corrector .................3-58 HF Correction ....................3-60 page 3 – 3 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 46 Status ........................3-77 Devices .........................3-77 Presets .........................3-78 Notes on “Online” and “Offline” working ...............3-78 Accessing Menu Options ...................3-79 File Menu Items ....................3-79 Hardware Menu Items ..................3-79 AM-10HD Hardware Update ................3-80 Presets Menu Items ....................3-81 page 3 – 4 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 47: Architecture Of The Am-10Hd Gui

    A M - 1 0 H D G U I AM-10HD GUI Architecture of the AM-10HD GUI (Graphical User Interface) The AM‑10HD Remote GUI allows you to adjust the processor as well as view in real time how it is reacting to the audio passing through it. The AM‑10HD GUI has been very carefully designed to put parameters never more than two mouse clicks away.

  • Page 48: Getting Started

    “left‑click,” “right‑click,” “double‑click,” and “drag‑and‑drop” seem alien, operating the AM‑10HD’s Windows‑based GUI could be a bit problematic. Connecting the AM-10HD and the GUI Using a LAN Connection The AM‑10HD and the PC running the AM‑10HD GUI program can be straightforwardly connected together over a standard Ethernet Local Area Net‑...
  • Page 49 (please see the bottom of the image at right). When this occurs the AM‑10HD has been programmed with its new IP address and is ready for use. page 3 – 7 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 50: Adding Devices

    When this is done, the following window will pop up: This box is used for adding new devices or modifying the configuration of existing ones. Next, click the “Add” button and the Edit Device dialog box will appear. page 3 – 8 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 51 GUI retries the establishment of a connection. Under these circumstances the configuration of the GUI and AM‑10HD should be carefully examined to ensure that the destination TCP/IP address is consistent between the two. page 3 – 9 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 52: Connecting Directly Without A Lan

    AM‑10HD Devices, and be instantly accessible, and from anywhere. AM-10HD GUI Status Bar When connected to an AM‑10HD the status bar will indicate “Online” and the “Devices” text will show the name of the AM‑10HD that it is currently communicat‑...

  • Page 53: The Really Remote Connection

    Although we have not specifically tested the AM‑10HD with VPN connec‑ tions there is no technical reason why it would not work. The AM-10HD and Internet Security Concerns The AM‑10HD does not act as a “web device” or “web server,” nor does it sup‑...

  • Page 54: About "Ports" And The Am-10Hd

    Another way to connect to the Wheatstone processor when UDP presents a challenge is to use the second PC as above, but use a program such as VNC (Virtual Network Connection) between the local and remote host PC’s. page 3 – 12 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 55: Using The Am-10Hd Gui

    A M - 1 0 H D G U I Using the AM-10HD GUI The GUI may be positioned on the host computer’s screen by left‑clicking‑and‑holding the “Vorsis” logo, and dragging the GUI to the desired position. In true “Windows”...

  • Page 56: Dynamic Displays Region

    The vertical axis scale changes according to its context; however the overall vertical range remains at 30dB with gradations every 3dB. AM-10HD Audio Spectrum Display A number of real‑time dynamically varying spectra and other frequency‑response‑ versus‑time data may be observed simultaneously. A row of large buttons under the graph determines what data is displayed, and there are also buttons to enable/ disable the display of equalizer frequency response curves, filter responses, etc.

  • Page 57: Am-10Hd Graphical Interface Operation

    A M - 1 0 H D G U I AM-10HD Graphical Interface Operation All operating parameters of the five band AGC and the 10‑band AM limiter can be individually adjusted by manipulating the positions of various blue dots on that sections’...

  • Page 58: First, A Short Tutorial

    “Flatten” in order to turn them off. When you finally click “Flatten” the line will return back to flat and you may move it up and down again with the mouse, this time as a whole. page 3 – 16 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 59: Bargraph Metering

    Left of Graph Right of Graph Left pair ‑ Input Signal Levels Left pair ‑ Selectable ‑ see below (page 3‑18) Right pair ‑ Selectable ‑ see below Right pair ‑ HD Outputs page 3 – 17 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 60: Input Levels / Gain Reduction Meter

    “Handbook for Sound Engineers” by Glen Ballou and published by the Howard W. Sams Company (ISBN 0‑672‑21983‑2). PreDelay Pressing this button enables the viewing of the output of the AM processing chain prior to the diversity delay. page 3 – 18 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 61: Audio

    When this box is checked and the Audio box is also checked, an oscilloscope‑like display of the audio waveform is displayed. Which waveform is being displayed at any instant is a function of the selection made under the “Audio” section explained above. page 3 – 19 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 62: Control Area Region

    A small green indicator at the left end of each button indicates if any signal processing within that block is active. Left‑clicking a button opens the associated control panel to gain access to the controls for that block of signal‑processing. page 3 – 20 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 63: Input Menu

    The audio failure sense threshold is fixed at ‑48dBFS, a value which is suitable for virtually all program types. page 3 – 21 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 64: Analog Gain

    No information is lost and no harmonic or intermodulation distortion is created by the Phase Rotator process. Only the signal’s harmonic phase relationships are rear‑ ranged to make the waveform energy more uniform in polarity. page 3 – 22 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 65: Hpf - High Pass Filter

    A good starting setting when using Stereo mode is 30Hz. Good starting set‑ tings when using Sum/Diff mode is 30Hz for Sum and 180Hz for Diff. Both HPF controls operate over a range of 20Hz to 300Hz. page 3 – 23 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 66: Parametric Equalizer Menu

    As the controls are manipulated, numerical representations of the control settings appear in the boxes below the band that is being adjusted. page 3 – 24 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 67: Enable

    This is the master Equalizer “In/Out” button. When it is illuminated, the equal‑ izer section is “in,” even if no other section of the equalizer has been enabled by clicking the “LOW,” “MID 1,” MID 2,” or “HIGH” buttons. page 3 – 25 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 68: Automatic Gain Control And Compressor Menu

    It simultaneously adjusts the Sum and Difference channels. The range is from ‑20.0dB to +48.0dB. Because all bands of the AGC/Compressor utilize a feed‑forward design, the loss of signal amplitude created while the input signal undergoes compression must page 3 – 26 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 69: Agc/Comp Buttons

    Compressor, which together operate with different time constants. The sound of the processing will be quite smooth with both short and long term variations in level being corrected (also see AGC Backoff). page 3 – 27 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 70: Gated Modes

    There is no right or wrong setting of the controls unless those settings cause undesired, unexpected, or unwanted behavior of the processor during low level program passages. page 3 – 28 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 71: Gate Threshold

    Band 3 was chose as the “master” band for the Coupling control simply because that band is in the approximate center of the audio spectrum. page 3 – 29 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 72: Agc Backoff

    Note that regardless of the setting of the AGC Backoff control, the AGC and Compressor stages operate with their algorithms linked mathematically and there is no method for changing the relative thresholds between the AGC and compressors. page 3 – 30 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 73: Crossover Frequencies

    Band 1 to Band 2 crossover frequency, while Band 5 handles frequencies between the Band 4 to Band 5 crossover frequency and the cutoff frequency of the low pass filter as set in the AM TX menu. page 3 – 31 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 74: Agc/Compressor Gain Reduction

    Note that a band’s mute status is not saved with a preset, meaning that if a band is in mute mode it is always in mute mode until manually removed from that mode. page 3 – 32 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 75: Hd Output Menu

    A much better solution is to control how much high frequency content is permitted to enter the codec and under what conditions, and this is what HF Protect does. page 3 – 33 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 76: Hf Protect

    This aids the codec’s ability to more accurately encode the signal and the result is a drastically cleaner and less fatiguing sound. HyperMono does not affect normal stereo material, nor does it inadvertently create mono from a source that is truly stereo. page 3 – 34 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 77: Lim/Clip (Limiter/Clipper) Drive

    In a conventional peak detector (left graphic), audio excursions occurring between individual samples are “missed,” and therefore the audio signal is “under-read” during this instant. This results in inaccurate peak control. page 3 – 35 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 78: Limiter Enable

    Fast release times increase signal density, and release times that are too fast result in increased intermodulation distortion which can “muddy” the sound. The control ranges from 33.0 to 330.0 milliseconds. page 3 – 36 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 79: Delayed Release

    AM‑10HD. DeEmphasis When the DeEmphasis checkbox is selected it applies complementary de‑ emphasis according to any pre‑emphasis setting that has been made in the AM Limiter screen’s “Emphasis” list box. page 3 – 37 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 80: Output Level

    (boost OR cut) can upset the precision of peak control generated by the preceding peak limiter. Fortunately only very small amounts of equalization change are required at this stage of processing in order to afford a very audible difference. page 3 – 38 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 81: Am Limiters Menu

    It also contains our exclusive Vorsis Bass Management System (VBMS) embedded within it to intelligently control bass without generating any unnecessary or undesirable artifacts. page 3 – 39 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 82: Multiband Enable

    In the “Hard” mode, limiting does not occur until the threshold within a band is precisely reached. The sound of this setting is more open and “free” because no limiting activity occurs until the thresh‑ old is achieved. page 3 – 40 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 83 “spongy” sound when in operation. It is also less precise as a true limiter until the ultimate limit threshold (the setting of the band threshold) is finally reached. We’ve provided the “soft” setting primarily as a sound manipulation tool. page 3 – 41 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 84: Multiband Mode

    * This is a normal consequence of the design of the 10‑band limiter. It does not need, and therefore does not have, the high dynamic range distortion masking algorithms that the main clipper has (and needs!). Clipper Threshold Adjustment Screen page 3 – 42 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 85: Vorsis Bass Management System (Vbms)

    Adjusts the amount of drive to the VBMS algorithm and is adjustable over a range of +/‑10dB. Higher drive settings cause selected bass energy to spend more time above VBMS threshold, increasing the amount of low frequency energy. page 3 – 43 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 86: Vbms Style

    Like VBMS Drive, the VBMS Output is adjustable over a range of +/‑10dB. page 3 – 44 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 87: Vbms Frequency

    Entirely different sound textures may be created by placing the pre‑emphasis in each of the three locations. There is no right or wrong setting unless that setting does not produce the on air sound desired. page 3 – 45 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 88: Lookahead Limiter

    In fact, if both the audio and control signals were oversampled peaks would still be missed because their relative time alignment would be identical to the non‑oversampled case! page 3 – 46 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 89: Am Limiter Controls

    Conversely, fast release times increase signal density, and release times that are too fast result in increased intermodulation distortion which can “muddy” the sound. The overall range of the control is from 33 milliseconds to 330 milliseconds. page 3 – 47 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 90: Delayed Release

    “roundness” to the audio without sounding overly harsh. However, it is the least “distortion cancelled” of the three styles simply because of the richer harmonic spectrum created by its action. page 3 – 48 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 91: Am Diversity Delay

    You may also hold down the Shift key on your keyboard while adjusting a delay slider to effect faster adjustment rates, or hold down the Ctrl key to achieve finer control. page 3 – 49 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 92: 10-Band Limiter Dynamics Screens

    Note: Radically different settings between adjacent bands cannot cause strange sounds, although operationally it doesn’t make much sense. page 3 – 50 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 93: Clipper Threshold Screen

    This is because, although the distortion is masked, extremely high levels of RMS loudness will be produced which could become fatiguing with certain types of music, depending on how other processor parameters prior to the 10‑band limiter section have been adjusted. page 3 – 51 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 94: Attack Time Screen

    Generally, lower frequencies require slower attack times and higher frequencies require faster attack times for a given amount of control. The attack times of each band may be individually or collectively modified using the GUI operating instructions provided earlier. page 3 – 52 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 95: Release Time Screen

    Release times should be adjusted to taste, keeping in mind that the slower the release time the more dynamic the sound, but the more likely that audible “ducking” may be heard. page 3 – 53 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 96: Final Equalization Screen

    Equalization boosts must be approached with caution because they can add significant energy that must be controlled later by either the lookahead limiter or final clippers. On the other hand, equalization cuts can be made as desired because they do not add energy. page 3 – 54 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 97: Am Transmission Menu

    Complies to the US NRSC‑2 requirements. 7.5kHz Bandwidth restricted to 7.5kHz. 6.0kHz CCIR Bandwidth restricted per CCIR regulations. 5kHz Bandwidth restricted as required for iBiquity AM HD. 4.5kHz Bandwidth restricted to 4.5kHz. page 3 – 55 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 98: Output Mode

    Modulation control cranked all the way up to 200% then the transmitter input level required for 100% modulation must be no more than +18.0dBu or there will be insufficient headroom in the AM‑10HD’s output amplifiers to accommodate the page 3 – 56 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 99: Digital Output

    100% modulation, but only at low frequencies. In order to prevent over modulation on such waveforms the audio level into the transmitter must be reduced, which results in lost loudness and coverage. page 3 – 57 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 100: Adjusting The Tilt Corrector

    2. Connect the transmitter to either a dummy load of rated power or to the antenna system. 3. Turn on the AM-10HD’s Test Oscillator. Adjust it to a frequency of 75Hz. Adjust the Test Oscillator Level control and the Ana- log 1 or Analog 2 output (as appropriate) until approximately 80% modulation is indicated on the station’s modulation monitor.
  • Page 101 100%. Doing so (or attempting to do so) can overstress components in the transmitter leading to overheating and damage. page 3 – 59 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 102: Hf Correction

    9. If the response of the transmitter does not resemble the perfect low frequency response represented by Figure C, alternately adjust the HF Corrector’s “F” (Frequency), “Q” (Bandwidth), and “L” (Level) controls in order to achieve the flattest top and bottom of the waveform. page 3 – 60 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 103 This is because wider bandwidth settings combined with ag‑ gressive audio processing may stress the transmitter’s final RF stage, matching network and antenna system components beyond their ratings leading to arcing, overheating, or damage. page 3 – 61 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 104: System Menu

    Source – Analog or AES Analog Gain AES Gain Balance Phase Rotator Input Failsafe HD LIMITER SCREEN: Phase Reverse Left/Right Reverse Output Level AM LIMITER SCREEN: Emphasis – Off, NRSC choices Delay Coarse Delay Fine page 3 – 62 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 105: Headphone Source

    AM Output: Output of the AM limiter after the diversity delay. NOTE: The AM-10HD headphone routing selector allows you to monitor an unselected audio input without having to put it on the air. This can be very handy for confirming a source is present without actually switching to it! page 3 –...

  • Page 106: Headphone Control

    160mA in order to protect external devices. In additional to the front panel headphone control, there is a headphone level slider at the lower right corner of the AM‑10HD GUI. page 3 – 64 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 107: Remote Login

    Disable Front Panel choice in the Front Panel Password dialog. Note that “locking out” the front panel does not disable the ability of the encoder knob to alter the headphone volume. page 3 – 65 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 108: Gui Access

    1. Re-install the PC Remote GUI, but this time into a NEW folder on your com‑ puter. DO NOT start up the GUI yet!! 2. Make sure that the AM-10HD is connected to your network or your computer and that you know its HARDWARE IP address (you can use the command prompt PING command to make sure that your computer can see the AM-10HD).

  • Page 109: Indicators/Temperature Readout

    ‑48dBFS. When the indicator is red it means that valid digital audio data is not presently being detected, audio data could be present but is corrupted in some way, or that audio is present but is too low. page 3 – 67 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 110: Skin

    At this time we do not have alternate skins other than the skins shown in the Choose Skin dialog below, nor a method for users to create their own “skins.” When new skins become available they will be downloadable from our Wheatstone Processing website (www.wheatstone‑processing.com). page 3 – 68 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 111: Events

    To create, edit, or view entries in the Event Scheduler click the “Events” but‑ ton on the System Screen. The following Event Scheduler screen will open and the events list will be empty when opened for the first time: page 3 – 69 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 112: Creating A Weekly Rotation Event

    Long Term Rotation routine should be used. Creating a Long Term Rotation Event Adding a new event in the Long Term Rotation scheduler works in a similar man‑ ner. The Long Term Rotation entry window appears as follows: page 3 – 70 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 113: Deleting A Scheduled Event

    Alternately, time can be synchronized to the PC that is running the Windows‑based GUI. In this instance time updates will occur upon suc‑ cessful connection to the GUI on the remote PC. page 3 – 71 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 114: Side Bar Region

    Needless to say, this erases, as in loses, as in destroys, the overwritten pre‑ set’s contents. Factory presets are protected from being inadvertently overwritten. page 3 – 72 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 115: Library

    The upper and lower right hand panels give access to the GUI’s presets library. The contents of folders in the upper panel are shown in the lower panel. Drag‑and‑drop al‑ lows movement between the library folders and the AM‑10HD and its mirror archive in the GUI. page 3 – 73 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 116: Locking Presets

    Edit option at the top of the Preset Library dialog box to reveal the Lock Preset/ Unlock Preset options. Note that these are user‑level lock options and therefore cannot be used to override the lock status of a factory‑locked preset! page 3 – 74 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 117: Devices

    • Change some settings on the AM‑10HD. These settings will automatically be stored in the A buffer. • Compare your changed settings to the recalled factory preset by pressing the QSave B button. page 3 – 75 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 118 • When you are pleased with one set of settings and need more buffers for further tweaking, you can use the A=B/B=A button to make the two buffers the same and have one of them to use to start comparing from again. page 3 – 76 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 119: Title Bar Region

    “Add” brings up a small dialog box which asks for the new prospect’s name and IP address. “Browse” searches out likely victims connected to the same LAN as the GUI. page 3 – 77 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 120: Presets

    • “Offline” – The double‑clicked preset is brought onto the main control and display screen for perusal / editing. Any data entry / control which involves activity within the main graph will still operate upon the preset, but not on the AM‑10HD’s audio. page 3 – 78 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 121: Accessing Menu Options

    Update... – Opens the “Choose a file to download” dialog box. Only files of type *.vbn are visible. See below. Assign IP Address... – Opens the IP Assignment dialog box to change the IP settings of a connected AM‑10HD. page 3 – 79 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 122: Am-10Hd Hardware Update

    If so, select the “Open” option in the “Choose a file to download” window. The prompt on the right will appear (actual text will vary): page 3 – 80 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 123: Presets Menu Items

    The Presets menu tree may be accessed by right clicking anywhere on the main AM‑10HD Control Panel. Take... – Brings up the Take Preset dialog box. Save... – Brings up the Save as Presets dialog box. Presets... – Brings up the Preset Library dialog box. page 3 – 81 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 124: Am-10Hd Signal Flow Diagram

    S C H E M A T I C D R A W I N G S I/O Schematic Drawings & Load Sheet Chapter Contents AM-10HD Signal Flow Diagram ............ 4-2 Audio Processor (AM-10HD) Schematic ......................... 4-3 Load Sheet ........................ 4-8 page 4 –...
  • Page 125 ORSIS Ultra-HigH resolUtion Processing AM-10HD General SIgnal Flow AM-10HD General Signal Flow Parametric Equalizer Insert Points NRSC Preemphasis 4-BAND PARAMETRIC EQUALIZER TX OUTPUTS 4-BAND ANALOG LEFT MATH DIVERSITY LOOKAHEAD MAIN OVERSHOOT PARAMETRIC 10 BAND LIMITER CLIPPER CALCULATOR DELAY CONVERTER LIMITER...
  • Page 126 MMBTA05 New Bern, NC 28562 68pF R341 CHECKED 19K_SCAINRTLO LCD_BRITE 49.9K SCA IN RT ISSUED SIZE FSCM NO. DWG. NO. 80S0047-1 19kHz OUT W# 700867 AP-1000G PCB 1 OF 13 SCALE SHEET page 4 - 3 AM-10HD / Oct 2008...
  • Page 127 4.99K 0.1uF 4.99K 0.1uF 4.99K 0.1uF 4.99K 0.1uF AQW210S AQW210S AQW210S AQW210S ISSUED SIZE FSCM NO. DWG. NO. 80S0047-5 GPI_COM GPI_COM GPI_COM GPI_COM W# 700867 AP-1000G PCB 5 OF 13 SCALE SHEET page 4 - 4 AM-10HD / Oct 2008...
  • Page 128 C171 C101 C112 New Bern, NC 28562 AGND CHECKED 330uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF ISSUED SIZE FSCM NO. DWG. NO. 80S0047-6 W# 700867 AP-1000G PCB 6 OF 13 SCALE SHEET page 4 - 5 AM-10HD / Oct 2008...
  • Page 129 New Bern, NC 28562 AGND AGND CHECKED 330uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF 0.1uF -16V ISSUED SIZE FSCM NO. DWG. NO. 80S0047-7 POLYSW 0.3A W# 700867 AP-1000G PCB 7 OF 13 SCALE SHEET page 4 - 6 AM-10HD / Oct 2008...
  • Page 130 - SA UR US - Sergey Averin - APPROVALS DATE ~V16N 600 Industrial Drive DRAWN SA/WWP 6-18-08 New Bern, NC 28562 CHECKED SIZE FSCM NO. DWG. NO. 80S0047-12 ISSUED W# 700867 AP-1000G PCB 12 OF 13 SCALE SHEET page 4 - 7 AM-10HD / Oct 2008...
  • Page 131 AM-10HD Audio Processor Load Shee page 4 – 8 AM-10HD / Oct 2008...

  • Page 132: Appendix

    A P P E N D I X Appendix Contents Parameters, Units, and Ranges ............A-2 page A – 1 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...

  • Page 133: Parameters, Units, And Ranges

    A P P E N D I X Parameters, Units, and Ranges Approximately following the AM-10HD’s signal path, these are the values and ranges appropriate to each type of processing. System Level Headroom: 20dB Nominal Operating Level: -20dBFS digital Analog Line Input...
  • Page 134 Compressor Release: 20mS – 1000mS (1Sec) Ratio: 1:1 – 20:1 AGC Threshold: -20.0dB to -79dBFS, plus off Gate Thresh Trim: +/- 6dB per band Gated Modes: Ooze/Hold Gate Delay: 50mS to 500mS page A – 3 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 135 +/- 6dB Band Output Trims, Difference: +/- 6dB HD Output Peak Limiter A zero-overshoot lookahead peak limiter (or clipper for non-CODEC applications) accom- plishes precision peak control for the AM-10HD’s HD output. Overall Controls Source: Compressor, MB Limiter, VBMS Bandwidth:...
  • Page 136 Lookahead Limiter Delayed Release: 100ms – 1000ms (1Sec) Main AM Clipper Styles: Off/Hard/Firm/Round Output Signal available as: Pre or post diversity delay AES 3-pin XLR (digital), and Stereo Analog (pair 3-pin XLR connectors) page A – 5 AM-10HD / Aug 2008...
  • Page 137 An advanced preset management system allows the creation, storing, and recall of 80 pre- sets within the AM-10HD itself and an unlimited number on a host PC. All signal-processing parameters are contained in these presets, allowing the preservation of the complete processing “environment.”...
  • Page 138 3.3VDC. Ethernet Interface The AM-10HD contains a five-port, auto-sensing 10/100BaseT Ethernet switch with one of the ports available on the outside of the unit for field use. Because the switch is auto-sensing it is not necessary to utilize a crossover cable when connecting a PC directly to the AM-10HD.

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