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First Watt model F4
Operation and Service Manual
Introduction
Anyone paying attention is aware that First Watt makes unusual amplifiers with
the emphasis on performance at low power levels.
Here's another one.
The F4 is Class A impedance converting amplifier, having no voltage gain or
feedback. Its input impedance is 48,000 ohms, and its output impedance is about
0.2 ohms. It is suitable for driving a high sensitivity loudspeaker with the output
voltage of a preamp or other line-level audio source. It is also useful with a less
sensitive loudspeaker in a bi-amped configuration where it takes input from the
output of a conventional amplifier.
As a stereo amplifier with single-ended inputs and outputs, it will deliver up to 25
watts into 8 ohms with a damping factor of 40. It will do 50 watts into 4 ohms, and
as a mono-block amplifier with parallel inputs and outputs, it will do 100 watts into
2 ohms.
As a mono-block amplifier with balanced inputs and outputs the power output
rating is 100 watts into 8 ohms at 0.5%, and the damping factor is 20.
nd
At ordinary listening levels the amplifier operates Class A, and the distortion is 2
harmonic in character, rising or declining in linear proportion to the output power.
The amplifier has a direct coupled input and output, with a -0.5 dB rolloff around
.1 Hz and 200 KHz, and it does a clean square wave at 100 KHz.
The combination of a simple Class A circuit operated without feedback and the
excellent objective performance gives us a superb sounding amplifier. The low
distortion, bandwidth extension, and high damping results in midrange clarity,
treble detail, and control on the bottom end.
While these are available from most good solid state amplifiers, the F4 also brings
depth, imaging, midrange warmth and top end sweetness.
Overall, it is one of the best sounding amplifiers, and if you can live with unity
voltage gain in your amplifier, it is possibly your best choice.

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Summary of Contents for First Watt F4

  • Page 1 While these are available from most good solid state amplifiers, the F4 also brings depth, imaging, midrange warmth and top end sweetness.
  • Page 2 The amplifier is designed for fairly unusual applications: 1) You can drive it directly with a line source such as a preamp. Using this amplifier presupposes that you have a preamplifier or other source with adequate voltage and/or loudspeakers sufficiently sensitive to be able to work with the voltage and gain you have.
  • Page 3 You can also use active crossover networks to drive multiple F4’s as shown below. A number of crossovers on the market incorporate voltage gain and high voltage swing (a prime candidate being the Pass Labs XVR1, which can swing the...
  • Page 4 In such a system the F4 is used to drive the bottom end, where it offers superior damping and higher current, and the flea watt amplifier drives the mid and top end, unburdened by the effort of driving the woofer but preserving the character of the tube amp.
  • Page 5 An alternative arrangement results when you create your own passive crossover networks using resistors as loads and feeding the results to F4 channels. The networks behave more ideally driving resistors than the complex impedance of loudspeakers, and the resistor values can be set over a wide range of impedances..
  • Page 6 There will be occasions where the loudspeaker load is too low for optimal performance from a flea watt, and in this case you can consider F4’s for the purpose of getting as much as 100 watts into 2 ohms per mono-block. In this arrangement you can also load the flea watt amp (not shown here) with a resistive or other load which elicits the best performance from it.
  • Page 7 1.25 amps. Do not substitute a larger value fuse. Contact First Watt if you have any questions. The amplifier can be run in three configurations. There is one way to use the amplifier in stereo. There are two ways you can run the amplifier as a mono- block, either by paralleling the inputs and outputs for more current and less distortion, or by driving the two channels from a balanced source.
  • Page 8 banded connectors are signal ground, and are not used. The positive speaker lead goes to the left red band, and the negative speaker lead goes to the right red band. Mono Parallel Operation In mono parallel operation, you can achieve up to 100 watts output into a 2 ohm load.
  • Page 9 The black banded output connectors are already connected together to ground, so you can make this connection externally or not as you please. With everything connected up and the source equipment powered up first, you can proceed to turn on the power switch to the amplifier. Turn-on and turn-off thumps and noise are small in this amplifier, and should not present any hazard to delicate drivers.
  • Page 10 conduct AC line voltage to ground until the fuse blows in case of transformer or other such failure. The input impedance is 48 Kohms, and the input capacitance is very low, so you should find it easy to drive with tube equipment if you like. The amplifier is largely indifferent to the source impedance of your preamp, so a high source impedance is not a problem.
  • Page 11 If you need to change the operating AC voltage, contact First Watt. If you have a problem, contact First Watt. We are much happier helping you solve problems so that we can be certain that it’s done properly. If you are far away and don’t want to ship the product for repair, we will...
  • Page 12 Summary of the nominal specifications: Measured at 120 V AC with a 600 ohm source and an 8 ohm load: Distortion @ 1 watt .02% @ 1 KHz Input Impedance 48 Kohm (single-ended stereo) 96 Kohm (balanced mono) Damping Factor 40 (single-ended stereo) 20 (balanced mono) Output power stereo 8 ohms...
  • Page 13: Frequency Response

    DISTORTION VS WATTS, MONO @ 8 OHMS, 1KHZ FREQUENCY RESPONSE...
  • Page 14 CHANNEL SCHEMATIC Notes: Output device bias is approximately .53 amps per device, which measures 0.25 volts across the .47 ohm source resistors. All devices are matched for Vgs to .02V. Bias is adjusted low and readjusted as the amplifier warms up. The proper value is achieved after 1 hour with the heat sinks at about 45-50 deg C.
  • Page 15: Power Supply Schematic

    POWER SUPPLY SCHEMATIC Notes: Thermistors in series with the AC line are also used to select line voltages at 120 VAC or 240 VAC, as seen on the front edge of the PC board layout.