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Seagate Technology STT8000 Product Description Manual

Atapi minicartridge drive
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Seagate Technology
STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive
Product Description Manual
July 1997
Part Number 10002475-003
Stocking Number 601-087

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  • Page 1 Seagate Technology STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive Product Description Manual July 1997 Part Number 10002475-003 Stocking Number 601-087...
  • Page 3 This booklet (Stock No. 004-000-00345-4) is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Warning: Changes or modifications made to this equipment which have not been expressly approved by Seagate Technology may cause radio and television interference problems that could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
  • Page 4 Seagate Technology. Seagate Technology provides this manual "as is," without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Seagate Technology reserves the right to change, without notification, the specifications contained in this manual.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Introduction Overview Features Typical System Configurations Minicartridge Technology Overview Flash EEPROM Software References About This Manual Specifications Overview Physical Specifications Power Specifications Drive Performance Specifications Environmental Requirements Recommended Tapes Tape Capacities and Formats Regulatory Compliance Installation Introduction Before You Begin Check the Package Contents Guidelines...
  • Page 6 Capstan Drive Motor Assembly Chassis Control Circuits Head Design Flash EEPROM Sensors and Switches Media—Minicartridges Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Reliability Maintenance Caring for Tape Cartridges Cleaning the Drive Read/Write Head Troubleshooting Reliability Mean-Time-Between Failures Mean-Time-To-Repair Page vi STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 7 Table of Contents Glossary Acronyms and Measurements Acronyms and Abbreviations Measurements Product Description Manual Page vii...
  • Page 8 Table of Contents NOTES Page viii STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 9: Introduction

    Introduction Overview The Seagate STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive extends the Seagate family of one-inch high, DC2000 drives that feature high performance, high reliability, and quiet operation. The drive transfers data at up to 36 megabytes per minute (MB/min) without compression. With optimal system resources and compressible data structures, nominal transfer rates of 60 MB/min can be observed using software data compression (assumes 2:1 compression ratio).
  • Page 10 One major benefit of this new, computer grade engineering is low power consumption. Figure 1-1 illustrates the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge internal drive. Figure 1-2 illustrates the internal drive equipped with rails. Figure 1-1...

  • Page 11: Features

    Figure 1-2 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Internal Drive with Rails Features The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive embodies Seagate 's commitment to engineer reliable and durable tape drive products. In summary form, key features of the drive are as follows: Internal form factor for installation in a 5.25-inch half-high or 3.5-inch by...

  • Page 12: Typical System Configurations

    60 megabytes (MB) on 9 tracks (QIC-24, 1982) to the to the 8-GB capacity achievable with the STT8000 minicartridge drive on a single Travan TR-4 cartridge. Page 4 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 13: Flash Eeprom

    Introduction Chapter 1 The streaming-tape intelligence in the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive provides a continuous tape motion with an uninterrupted, precisely coordinated flow of data to and from the minicartridge. This "streaming" motion combined with the "serpentine" recording method is one element that contributes to the increased storage capacities, efficiency, and speed of today's minicartridge technology.

  • Page 14: References

    ATAPI drive. Maintenance and Presents maintenance procedures and Reliability reliability information. Appendix A Glossary Defines key terms. Appendix B Acronyms and Lists the acronyms and measurements Measurements used in the manual. Page 6 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 15: Specifications

    6.36 in/161.5 mm Weight 1.0 lbs/0.5 kg 1.5 lbs/0.7 kg Figures 2-1 and 2-2 illustrate the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive for the 3.5-inch mount and for the 5.25-inch mount (with rails) showing the general dimensions. Product Description Manual Page 7...
  • Page 16 STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive (3.5-Inch mount) general dimensions 4.00" (101.6mm) 6.19" (157.2mm) 0.157" (4mm) 4.00" (101.6mm) 1.00" (25.4mm) DRIVE ACTIVE (AMBER) Figure 2-2 STT8000 IDE minicartridge drive (5.25-Inch mount) general dimensions 0.86" (21.8mm) 5.49" (139.4mm) 5.76" (146.4mm) 0.20" (5.0mm) 5.87" (149.0mm) 1.685" (42.8mm) DRIVE ACTIVE (GREEN)

  • Page 17: Power Specifications

    Specifications Chapter 2 Power Specifications The following table lists the power specifications for the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive. (Power specifications are measured at the tape drive power connector and are nominal values.) Specification Measurement +12 VDC +5 VDC DC Voltage Voltage Tolerance + or –...

  • Page 18: Drive Performance Specifications

    Chapter 2 Specifications Drive Performance Specifications The following table lists the performance specifications for the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive. Feature Specification Capacity 4.0 gigabytes—900 Oe 740' Travan cartridge (uncompressed) 8.0 gigabytes—900 Oe 740' Travan cartridge (compressed) Effective backup rate 30 MB/min typical native; 45 MB/min typical compressed...

  • Page 19: Environmental Requirements

    Specifications Chapter 2 Environmental Requirements The following table lists the environmental specifications for the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive. The drive may be mounted either vertically or horizontally. Specification Operational Nonoperational to +113 –40 to +149 Temperature (+ 5 to + 45 (–40...

  • Page 20: Tape Capacities And Formats

    The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive reads and writes the QIC-3095-MC and QIC-3080-MC formats. When used with the appropriate software, the drive reads the QIC 80, QIC-3010, and QIC-3020 formats. Regulatory Compliance The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive complies with the regulations listed in the following table. Agency Regulation C22.2, No.

  • Page 21: Installation

    Installation Introduction This chapter explains how to install the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive. The following paragraphs briefly outline the organization of this chapter. The following section, Before You Begin contains general information that you should read before you begin the installation.

  • Page 22: Guidelines

    The following steps outline the installation process that is explained in this manual. Check that the contents of the subsystem package are complete. Attach the interface cable to the IDE Adapter card. Install the IDE Adapter card in your PC. Page 14 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 23: Installing The Seagate Ide Adapter Card

    Installation Chapter 3 Install the drive unit in your PC. Install the software included in the package. Installing the Seagate IDE Adapter card The following steps guide you through installing the Seagate IDE Adapter card. Caution: Turn off your computer and all peripherals before you begin the installation.
  • Page 24 Inserting the Interface Card in the Expansion Slot Connect the connector on one end of the interface cable with the connector on the adapter card. See Figure 3-3 for the location of the card connector and the cable keying. Page 16 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 25: Installing The Drive Unit

    Installation Chapter 3 The interface cable is keyed to prohibit incorrect installation Make sure that the blocked pin in the interface connector coincides with the missing pin on the interface card connector. Also, be sure to install the cable with pin 1 as shown Figure 3-3.
  • Page 26 3.5-inch bay, use the screw supplied with the drive. Do not substitute other screws because use of longer length screws may damage the drive. If slide rails are needed, use the plastic slide rails (supplied with the drive in some configurations). Page 18 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 27 Installation Chapter 3 Figure 3-5 Mounting Holes on Internal Drive 0.2 in (5mm) 3.7 in (94mm) 0.315 in (8mm) 2.758 in (70mm) 3.543 in (90mm) 6.2 in (158mm) 2.382 in (60mm) 1.220 in (31mm) .984 in (25mm) 1.0 in 4.0 in (102.6mm) (25.4mm) .157 in (4mm)
  • Page 28 The default setting is Slave mode with a jumper over pin 3 and pin 4. Your individual system setting may vary, so be sure to check your computer or ATAPI controller manual to determine the proper configuration choice for your system. Page 20 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 29 Installation Chapter 3 Figure 3-7 Location of Connectors NOTE: Bottom of drive shown. JUMPER BLOCK PIN 1 CONNECTOR IDE PIN 1 POWER CONNECTOR Figure 3-8 Jumper Block and Locations (TOP OF TAPE DRIVE) JUMPER ON NOT USED MASTER SLAVE CABLE SELECT JUMPER OFF Connect an available power cable to the power connector on the drive.
  • Page 30 (See Figure 3-7.) The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive provides a standard ATA-2 connector. The pin assignments for this connector are listed in the following table for your reference.

  • Page 31: Custom Installation With The Seagate Ide Adapter Card

    Installation Chapter 3 Assignment Description Source Ground INTRQ Interrupt Request Device 10CS16- 16-Bit I/O Device Device Address Bit 1 Host PDIAG Passed Diagnostics Device Device Address Bit 0 Host Device Address Bit 2 Host CS0- Chip Select 0 Host CD1- Chip Select 1 Host DASP-...

  • Page 32: Configuring The Seagate Ide Adapter Card

    Unnecessary changes to the default configuration might create problems within your system. Figure 3-9 illustrates the location of the jumpers on the interface card. Page 24 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 33 Installation Chapter 3 Figure 3-9 Location of Jumpers IRQ Channel Jumper I/O Address Jumper Figure 3-10 shows the default settings and then lists alternate jumper settings. Choose an alternate setting that does not conflict with other devices within your computer. To change a setting, pull the jumper from its current position and slide it onto the desired position.
  • Page 34 Chapter 3 Installation Notes Page 26 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 35: Drive Operations

    Drive Operations Introduction This chapter describes important operational procedures for the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive. It covers the following topics: Operation of the front panel LED Using cartridges Loading revised firmware (updating flash EEPROM) Note: Required drive maintenance is explained in chapter 8.

  • Page 36: Using Cartridges

    Chapter 4 Drive Operations Using Cartridges The minicartridges recommended for use with the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive are listed in chapter 2. This section describes some operations using the cartridges. Loading and Unloading Tape Cartridges Your tape drive has a flip-up door that covers the cartridge opening when a tape cartridge is not installed in the drive.

  • Page 37: Setting The Write-Protect Switch

    Drive Operations Chapter 4 To unload a cartridge, wait until the drive activity LED is OFF and then pull the cartridge straight out. Figure 4-3 illustrates the unloading of a cartridge. Figure 4-3 Unloading a Tape Cartridge Setting the Write–Protect Switch Travan minicartridges feature a sliding write protect tab located in the upper left corner of the cartridge.

  • Page 38: Loading Revised Firmware Via Seagate Firmware Cartridge

    OEMs only from Seagate Peripherals, Inc. To load a firmware upgrade tape, follow these steps. Power on the host system and the STT8000 drive. Allow the system boot up process to reach the point where there is no ATAPI bus activity.
  • Page 39 Drive Operations Chapter 4 Note: Once the firmware upgrade cartridge is inserted in the drive, it is important that no power interruption occurs while the firmware is loading. DO NOT POWER OFF THE DRIVE AT THIS TIME. If a power interruption occurs, the firmware may not be loaded correctly, and the drive may not operate properly.
  • Page 40 Chapter 4 Drive Operations Notes Page 32 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 41: Atapi Interface

    ATAPI Interface Introduction The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive provides an ATA Packet Interface (ATAPI) controller for communications between the host computer and the drive. The drive supports the QIC-157 standard interface. The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive provides a connection between the driver/card and the component of the PC.

  • Page 42: Ata Registers

    Busy—set when only drive has access to ATA registers. DRDY Drive Ready—set when DSC is valid. Drive Seek Complete—set when drive ready for command. Data Request—set when data ready to be transferred. CHECK Check—set when an error has occurred. Page 34 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 43 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 The remaining bits (CORR, IDX) are not used by the drive. Error Register The following layout represents the Error Register. Sense Key [3..0] ABRT Mnemonic Description 7..4 Sense Key Set to indicate the reason for the CHECK bit being set in the Status Register.

  • Page 44: Supported Ata Commands

    Standby Immed. 00h (Standby) Idle Immediate FFh (Idle) Any Other Cmd FFh (Idle) Sleep (E6) This command is treated as an Idle command and does NOT prevent the drive from responding to further commands. Page 36 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 45 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Set Features (EFh) If an unsupported feature is selected, the command is aborted. Otherwise, the indicated parameter is set. The following list indicates the supported features: Feature Number Set Feature Commands Set Transfer Mode from Sector Count register Disable reverting to power-on defaults (no-op) Enable reverting to power-on defaults (no-op) Set Transfer Mode Feature...
  • Page 46 Current physical and logical position is lost, and if a tape is present, a LOAD sequence is performed, resulting in a Ready at BOP0 condition (with Unit Attn). The DSC is set to 1 before the BSY bit is cleared. Page 38 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 47: Atapi Interface

    ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 ATAPI Interface The following table lists the ATAPI interface commands for the drive. In this table, DSC restrictive means that the host should wait for DSC to be set before issuing the command for minimum IDE bus overhead. Note that all ATAPI commands are 12 bytes in length.
  • Page 48 This command returns the lesser of 36 bytes or the Allocation Length parameter of information. The following table defines the returned values. Note: Much of the information returned by this command is redundant with the ATAPI Identify Device command response. Page 40 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 49 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Byte Description Value Meaning Peripheral Device Type Streaming Tape Drive (QIC-121 Architectural Model) Removable Media Bit (RMB) Removable ISO/ECMA/ANSI Version ANSI=02 Response Data Format This Format Additional Length 36 total bytes Reserved — Vendor ID (8 ASCII characters) ASCII "CONNER"...
  • Page 50 Parameter List Length is 0, the error counters are all reset (0). All of the counters defined in the Log Sense command are reset by the Log Select command and are otherwise only cleared by a power-on (hard) or ATAPI reset. Page 42 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 51 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Log Sense Byte Operation code (4Dh) Reserved 01(PC) Page Code Reserved Reserved (MSB) Parameter Pointer (LSB) (MSB) Allocation Length (LSB) Reserved The PC (Page Control) field is 01, for current values. The Page Code field identifies which page of data is being requested. The Parameter Pointer field allows requested parameter data to begin from a specific parameter code.
  • Page 52 Parameter: Code, Bits, Length 0003h, Maximum Capacity, Part 0 Code 40h,04h 24-27 Maximum Capacity, Partition 0 Value N,N,N,N 28-31 Parameter: Code, Bits, Length 0004h, Maximum Capacity, Part 1 Code 40h,04h 32-35 Maximum Capacity, Partition 1 Value N,N,N,N Page 44 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 53 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 The Remaining Capacity for noncurrent partitions shall be the same as the Maximum Capacity for that partition. Capacities are multiplied by 1024 to determine the number of bytes. These values are conservative estimates. The Parameter bit, TSD (not shown), is zero implying that the drive can save parameters across resets, etc.
  • Page 54 The following table defines the tape speeds supported with QIC-3095 tapes. Speed Tape Speed Transfer Rate 0000b Automatic Automatic 0001b 46 ips 300 KBytes/sec 0010b 69 ips 450 KBytes/sec 0011b 92 ips 600 KBytes/sec Page 46 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 55 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Mode Block Descriptor The Block Descriptor is returned to the MODE SENSE command unless the DBD bit in the command packet is set to one. If the Block Descriptor is not sent, the Block Descriptor Length field (in the Mode Parameter Header) is 0. Byte Description Value...
  • Page 56 READ command when the DSC bit is reset (0) will keep the ATA bus busy (BSY = 1) while the drive is reading the required data into the buffer. This delay could be more than a minute if exhaustive retries are required to read the data. Page 48 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 57 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Read Position Byte Operation code (34h) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved The following table describes the Read Position layout. Byte Description Value Meaning BOP, EOP, BPU 80h = Beginning of Partition 40h = End of Partition 04h = Block Position Unknown Partition Number 00/01h...
  • Page 58 Additional Sense Code (ASC) Additional Sense Code Qualifier (ASCQ) Field Replaceable Unit Code Not Supported SKSV + Sense Key Specific Not Supported 16,17 Sense Key Specific 0000h Not Supported 0000h Pad to 4-byte boundary 18,19 Page 50 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 59 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Rewind Byte Operation code (01h) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved The Rewind command first ensures that all buffered write data has been transferred to the medium, then causes the device to position to BOP of the current partition.
  • Page 60 This bit is set (1) when there are at least 52 empty blocks in the buffer available for the next WRITE command. Issuing a WRITE command when the DSC bit is reset (0) will keep the ATA bus busy (BSY=1) until buffer Page 52 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 61 ATAPI Interface Chapter 5 Write Filemark Byte Operation code (10h) Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Count Reserved After receiving this command, the device sets DSC (0) and returns completion status. Any data remaining in the buffer is then written to tape (flush/ synchronize), and if the count is 1, a Filemark is written.
  • Page 62 Chapter 5 ATAPI Interface Notes Page 54 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 63: Tape Format

    This format is for streaming magnetic tape in a minicartridge that is to be used for information interchange among information processing systems, communication systems, and associated equipment. This chapter provides an overview of the tape format used by the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive. Tape Partitioning The drive uses factory prewritten Travan TR-4 media.

  • Page 64: Track Numbering

    8-bit bytes, which are numbered b0 to b7 with b7 being the most significant bit. A frame is made up of 64 blocks—52 data blocks plus 12 error-correction code (ECC) blocks. Figure 6-1 illustrates the general track layout of sequentially recorded frames. Page 56 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 65 Tape Format Chapter 6 Figure 6-1 General Track Layout Frame Frame Frame Frame Frame Frames are numbered indirectly using the 26 most significant bits of the Physical Block Address. Frame operation is controlled by the drive and generally invisible to the host. Frames are used primarily as a means to control the error correction operations.

  • Page 66: Blocks

    (BOT) hole and the load point market (LP) hole. The same pattern is recorded between the end-of-tape (EOT) hole and the early warning (EW) hole. The servo pattern is written across the entire width of the tape. Page 58 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 67: Write Equalization

    Tape Format Chapter 6 Write Equalization The drive uses the technique of write equalization. RLL encoding has a 4:1 ratio in the minimum and maximum spacing between flux transitions. Write equalization inserts short pulses in the write current to break up the long spacing intervals.
  • Page 68 Chapter 6 Tape Format Notes Page 60 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 69: Theory Of Operations

    This chapter describes the drive in more detail and explains implementation specific information. Block Diagrams The electronics of the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive are laid out on one main printed circuit board (PCB). Figure 7-1 is a simplified block diagram of the drive.
  • Page 70 HEAD LOGIC READ CHANNEL HEAD STEPPER DRIVE MOTOR Table 7-1 Clock Frequencies used by the STT8000 Drive VCO Frequencies—All Derived from System Clock (42 MHz Crystal Oscillator) Fundamental 28 MHz 28 MHz 28 MHz 24.89 MHz Frequency Channel Frequency 9.33 MHz 7.00 MHz...

  • Page 71: Mechanics

    LED is not lit when the tape is positioned at BOT. Capstan Drive Motor Assembly In the STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive, the cartridge is driven by the capstan/belt motor assembly, which is on a linear slide. The cartridge is loaded against the cartridge drive roller which exerts a net radial dynamic force of 18 to 26 ounces.

  • Page 72: Head Design

    The drive has an electro-optical sensor assembly comprised of a solid-state light source (LED) and a photosensor (phototransistor) that sense the beginning-of- tape (BOT), end-of-tape (EOT), load point, and early warning holes of the cartridge. Page 64 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 73: Media-Minicartridges

    Theory of Operations Chapter 7 Media—Minicartridges The drive is designed to use Travan TR-4 cartridges, QIC-3080 quarter-inch minicartridges, and QIC-3080 QIC-Wide minicartridges. These small (approximately 2 inches x 3 inches x 0.4 inch) cartridges house 900 Oersted Gamma Ferric Oxide magnetic tape . Figure 7-2 shows a Travan minicartridge. Figure 7-2 Travan Minicartridge The cartridge also provides for write protection so that existing data on the...
  • Page 74 Chapter 7 Theory of Operations NOTES Page 66 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 75: Maintenance, Troubleshooting, And Reliability

    Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Reliability Maintenance Minimal maintenance is needed to ensure that your STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive operates at peak condition. This section explains how to care for tape cartridges and how to clean the drive head. Caring for Tape Cartridges Although minicartridges are ruggedly built, they must be handled with care to preserve the data that they contain.

  • Page 76: Troubleshooting

    If you experience problems after you install the drive, take the following actions to try to solve the problems. Check that the I/O address and the IRQ setting of the ATAPI card matches the setup information in the Seagate Backup Exec Software. Review the Page 68 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 77 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Reliability Chapter 8 installation manual supplied with that product to be sure the settings are appropriate. Check that all connections are secure. Check the configuration of the card and drive to be sure that the settings are correct. Check to be sure that the ATAPI adapter card is firmly seated in the connector.

  • Page 78: Reliability

    The MTTR for the drive is less than 0.33 hour (20 minutes). The STT8000 ATAPI minicartridge drive is a field replaceable unit. If a problem occurs with a subassembly or component in the drive, the entire unit should be replaced.

  • Page 79: A Glossary

    Glossary ATA Packet Interface—The interface providing for communications between the host computer and the drive (standard QIC-157). Azimuth—The angular deviation, in minutes of arc, of the mean flux transition line from the line normal to the tape reference edge. Backup—Copy of a file or collection of files on fixed disk, diskette, or tape. Ensures against data loss. Beginning of Media (BOM)—Equal to the physical beginning of the tape.
  • Page 80 Head Clog—Particles from the tape or from outside the drive adhere to the head gap on a read or write head and obstruct the reading or writing of data. Interleaving—The process of shuffling the order of data blocks before writing them to tape so the consecutive bytes are not recorded physically adjacent. Page 72 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...
  • Page 81 Glossary Appendix A Magnetic Tape—A tape that accepts and retains magnetic signals intended for input, output, and storage of data for information processing. Media Header block—A unique block identifying the type of format being recorded. Noise—A disturbance of the signal caused by the read channel, write channel, head/tape interaction, or conducted or radiated sources.
  • Page 82 Appendix A Glossary Notes Page 74 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

  • Page 83: Acronyms And Measurements

    Acronyms and Measurements Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym Meaning ANSI American National Standards Institute BIOS Basic Input Output System Beginning of Media Beginning OF Tape Bits Per Inch Compact Disc CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Canadian Standard Association Direct Memory Access Error Correction Code ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association...

  • Page 84: Measurements

    32.17 feet per second gigabyte Hertz inch kilo kilobyte kilogram kilohertz lb(s) pound(s) meter mega Mbits megabits megabyte megaHertz minute millimeter millisecond revolutions per minute Volt Watt Page 76 STT8000 ATAPI Minicartridge Drive...

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