Immarsat FB500 Service Manual

Maritime satellite communication terminal
Table of Contents

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FB500
JUE-500
Maritime Satellite Communication Terminal
SERVICE MANUAL
7ZPSC0342

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Summary of Contents for Immarsat FB500

  • Page 1 FB500 JUE-500 Maritime Satellite Communication Terminal SERVICE MANUAL 7ZPSC0342...
  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. Introduction....................... 1-1 1.1 General ............................ 1-1 1.2 Above Deck Equipment (ADE) ....................1-1 1.3 Below Deck Equipment (BDE) ....................1-1 1.4 Services ........................... 1-1 1.4.1 Spot beam coverage area....................1-1 CHAPTER 2. Diagrams ......................2-1 2.1 JUE-500 wiring diagram ......................2-1 2.2 ADE block diagram.........................
  • Page 4 3.3 Interfaces..........................3-2 3.3.1 DC power connector ......................3-3 3.3.2 ADE connector........................3-3 3.3.3 WRF connector ......................... 3-3 3.3.4 RJ-11 (2W port) connectors for TEL1/2 port ..............3-3 3.3.5 Handset connector......................3-3 3.3.6 USB connector ........................3-4 3.3.7 RJ-45 (Ethernet) connectors-for Ethernet / ISDN port ..........3-4 3.3.8 OIU connector........................
  • Page 5 6.1.3 Radio Frequency Unit (RFU)................... 6-6 6.1.4 Antenna Control Unit (ACU) ..................6-6 6.1.5 Rate sensor ........................6-7 6.1.5 Rotary Joint (RJ) ......................6-7 6.1.6 Cable ..........................6-7 6.1.7 Motor..........................6-8 6.1.8 GPS Antenna ........................6-8 6.2 BDE (GSC-502) ........................6-9 6.3 Option Interface Unit (OIU)....................
  • Page 6 10.3.4 Other trouble ......................10-12...
  • Page 7: Chapter 1. Introduction

    CHAPTER 1. Introduction 1.1 General The JUE-500 is an Inmarsat digital satellite communication terminal for Voice (4kbps Speech), Audio (64kbps 3.1kHz Audio), maximum 432kbps Standard IP service, 32kbps, 64kbps, 128kbps, and 256kbps Streaming IP service, and Short Messaging Service (SMS). The JUE-500 can be operated by easy operation of dedicated software, called LaunchPad.
  • Page 8 Coverage area is shown below. Europe, Middle America Asia, (AMER)Ocean East, and Africa Pacific Ocean (EMEA) Ocean Region Region Region Fig.1.4a Coverage area Fig.1.4b Irradiation status of Narrow spot beam...
  • Page 9: Chapter 2. Diagrams

    CHAPTER 2. Diagrams 2.1 JUE-500 wiring diagram Fig. 2.1a JUE-500 Wiring diagram (OIU is not connected)
  • Page 10 Fig. 2.1a JUE-500 Wiring diagram (OIU is connected)
  • Page 11: Ade Block Diagram

    2.2 ADE block diagram Cable ANT common TX section section to BDE Low noise RX RX section section Tracking RX Power Source section ANT drive section ANT control section Sensor section The ADE consists of Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), Antenna Control Unit (ACU), Radio Frequency Unit (RFU) and Radome, while the BDE consists of Main Unit (MU) and Handset.
  • Page 12: Gps And Rotary Joint

    2.2.4 GPS and Rotary Joint The GPS receiver is to receive the signal from GPS satellites and to calculate ship’s position to decide the antenna elevation angle. The Rotary Joint is the joint between the ADE and the BDE to pass TX /RX signals, control signals and power to the ADE.
  • Page 13: Bde Block Diagram

    2.3 BDE block diagram Interface/Power Board P ower Input +24V P S U +5. 5V +3. 3V P ower S witch IS DN Hands et P ower Core Module DS P-J TA G J TA G P IC Debug P IC Debug S erial Debug S erial P ort P ort...
  • Page 14: Isdn

    2.3.1 ISDN The interface board provides one RJ45 port for ISDN equipment. It meets ISO/IEC 8877, ITU-T I.430 and Euro ISDN S0 interface. A 40V (2.5W) power is provided for ISDN phantom power. The ISDN transformer T60407-M5014-X002 from Vaccumschmelze is used. The phantom powering and power protection provides 2.5W for a TE.
  • Page 15: Wrf

    2.3.7 WRF The interface board may provide optional interfaces L-band RF output (connector: SMA type). 2.3.8 LED LEDs may be used as indicators of: Ready (Green); if system is logged on (i.e. ready), READY LED will be blinking. Alarm (Red) Comm (Green);...
  • Page 16: Oiu

    2.4 OIU Fig.2.4 OIU OIU (Option Interface Unit) is the junction box for connecting external options and BDE. OIU consists of OIB (Option Interface Board) and TB (Terminal Board). And OIU has below external connectors and terminals. 4 Ethernet ports ・...
  • Page 17: Ethernet

    2.4.1 Ethernet To allow multiple users to use the BGAN service data, four RJ-45 connectors for 10/100Base-T are installed in the front of OIU. 2.4.2 2-wire FAX analogue terminals To install 2-wire analogue telephones and FAX terminals, four analogue ports are prepared on the terminal block.
  • Page 18: Chapter 3. Technical Specifications

    CHAPTER 3. Technical Specifications 3.1 Standard Functions The JUE-500 has the following functions as standard. Standard IP service Streaming IP service Easy-operation using LaunchPad Re-dialing Telephone book for 99 numbers SIM card function Request lock function Wideband RF output Call logging Alarm pack as self-diagnostics function Simultaneous communication of services 3.2 Handset...
  • Page 19: Interfaces

    3.3 Interfaces The JUE-500 has the following connectors. ( Numbers on below figures are pin number of each connector.) Front view 5. Handset connector Fig. 3.3a Connector of the JUE-500 (Front Panel of main unit) Rear view (FUSE) 2. ADE connector 1.
  • Page 20: Port) Connectors For Tel1/2 Port

    3.3.1 DC power connector DC24V for main power supply. Power consumption is approx. 2A in idle, approx. 4.5A in transmitting. Connector pin number and signal are follows; Pin number 1; +24V DC 2; Frame GND 3; Signal GND 3.3.2 ADE connector Connector to the ADE with one coaxial cable.
  • Page 21: Usb Connector

    3.3.6 USB connector Connector pin number and signal are follows; Pin number 1; VDD 2; D- 3; D+ 4; VSS 3.3.7 RJ-45 (Ethernet) connectors-for Ethernet / ISDN port These connectors are based on 10 BASE-T standard; Pin number 1; RXP Pin number 5;...
  • Page 22: Ade Specifications

    3.4 ADE specifications 3.4.1 Antenna parameters Type; Single-fed stacked patch array antenna Gain; 17.8dBi Size; Φ540 (mm) Beam width; +/- 11deg, 3dB down Polarization; Right hand circular 3.4.2 RF parameters G/T; Not less than-7dBK EIRP; +22.0dBW +1/-2dB Transmitting; 1626.5 - 1660.5 (MHz) Receiving;...
  • Page 23: Vibration

    3.6.3 Vibration a) Inmarsat requirements frequency amplitude 4-10Hz 2.54mm 10-15Hz 0.76mm 15-25Hz 0.40mm 25-33Hz 0.23mm frequency amplitude 4-15Hz 0.76mm 15-25Hz 0.40mm 25-33Hz 0.23mm 33-40Hz 0.13mm 40-50Hz 0.07mm b) IEC60945 requirements ADE/BDE 2-13.2Hz 1.0mm (amplitude) 13.2Hz-100Hz 0.7G (acceleration) 3.6.4 Ships motion Roll;...
  • Page 24: Dimensions And Weight

    3.7 Dimensions and weight 3.7.1 ADE Fig. 3.7.1 ADE...
  • Page 25: Bde

    3.7.2 BDE Unit: mm Fig. 3.7.2 BDE Mass: Approx. 2.2 kg...
  • Page 26: Handset

    3.7.3 Handset 4-Mounting holes Unit: mm Mass: Approx. 0.5 kg Fig. 3.7.3 Handset...
  • Page 27 3-10...
  • Page 28: Chapter 4. Setup Of Oiu

    CHAPTER 4. Setup of OIU 4.1 OIU 4.1.1 Connecting with BDE (1) Coaxial cable Connect the coaxial cable from ADE to N-connector side of relay-coaxial cable (7ZCSC0280) of OIU, and then connect the TNC connector (opposite side) to BDE. (2) LAN cable Connect the LAN connector, ETH(UPLINK to BDE), which located on the behind of OIB, with Ethernet port of BDE.
  • Page 29: Connecting With External Option

    4.1.2 Connecting with external option (1) Ethernet Connect Ethernet connecter on OIU front panel unit with PC or HUB, by straight LAN cable. (2) 2-wire analogue telephone/FAX Connect 2-wire analogue telephone and FAX terminal with the upper and lower rows of J623 to J628.
  • Page 30 (3) Optional equipment Optional equipments of extrenal buzzer and external button are connected with upper/lower rows of terminal blocks of J623 to J622. 、 Upper row Lower row Terminal block No. Signal name J618 Lower row OP1 FG J619 Lower row OP1 +12VDC J620 Lower row...
  • Page 31 Terminal block No. Signal name J615 Lower row GPS FG J616 Lower row GPS D2 (5VDC differential signal -) J627 Lower row GPS D1 (5VDC differential signal +) GPS input supports the format of [ (5) GYRO connecting terminal To connecting STEP/SYNC GYRO, GYRO interface box (NQA-2066A) is also necessary with OIU (refer to the clause GYRO I/F Box).
  • Page 32 (6) NMEA output terminal This is the NMEA output which is used for providing equipment information to VDR. Upper row Lower row Terminal block No. Signal name J612 Lower row J613 Lower row (5VDC differential signal -, OIU to VDR) J614 Lower row (5VDC differential signal +, OIU to VDR)
  • Page 33: Chapter 5. Gyro Connection

    CHAPTER 5. GYRO connection 5.1 Connecting GYRO Connect OIU and GYRO I/F Box with following the JUE-500 connecting diagram. Below cable connections are required when connecting GYRO I/F Box. Depending on the GYRO type (NMEA or SYNC/STEP), connection details are different. 5.1.1 NMEA GYRO connection (1) Connect the output signal of NMEA GYRO to the [GYRO I/F] part of the terminal block of OIU.
  • Page 34: Sync/Step Gyro Connection

    5.1.2 SYNC/STEP GYRO connection (1) Connect GYROI/F Unit [NQA-2066] to GYRO I/F connecting area of OIU terminal block. Cut the connector part of the cable H-7ZCSC0244, which is attached to GYRO I/F Box (NQA-2066) and use it. (2) Set the [No.2] of [SW2] on OIU board to [OFF(SYNC/STEP)]. H-7ZCSC0244 Cut here The cable can be cut depending on the setting positions of OIU and GYRO I/F Box.
  • Page 35: Gyro I/F Setting

    5.1.3 GYRO I/F setting Connect the GYRO which outputs HDT (Heading) sentence every 200ms or less , when NMEA output GYRO is connected. The antenna may not point to a satellite at quick turning when the HDT sentence output is 1 second. Set hatched columns as indicated in the following figure.
  • Page 37: Chapter 6. Composition Of Equipment

    CHAPTER 6. Composition of Equipment The JUE-500 is composed of the following units; Table6. Components of JUE-500 Name of component Type Q’ty GSC-501 JUE-500 GSC-502 Standard Handset NQW-267 Option NQA-2217 GYRO I/F Box NQA-2066A Overall view of components Antenna Unit Y axis Rate sensor EL sensor X axis Rate sensor...
  • Page 38: Ade (Gsc-501)

    ADE (GSC-501) 6.1.1 Antenna Unit The antenna is 12 patch flat, [ ]cm in the diameter. The antenna is connected with LNA which is behind of the antenna, with two coaxial cables. Name; Antenna unit Type; NAY-272 Manufacturer; Fig. 6.1.1 Antenna Unit 6.1.2 LNA LNA is installed in the behind of the antenna.
  • Page 39: Rate Sensor

    6.1.5 Rate sensor To detect the corner speed of the hull oscillation, two sensors are installed to inner ACU (NCL-362). Name; Rate sensor Type; CHG-218 Manufacturer; Fig.6.1.5 Rate sensor 6.1.5 Rotary Joint (RJ) The Rotary Joint is the joint between the ADE and the BDE to pass TX /RX signals and power to the ADE.
  • Page 40: Motor

    6.1.7 Motor To control each axis, three motors are installed. A common belt pulley is installed to each motor. AZ axis Name; AZ motor Type; H-7BPSC0005 (motor only) Mxxxx (with pulley) Manufacturer; Japan Servo EL axis Name; EL motor Type; H-7BPSC0006 (motor only) Mxxxx (with pulley)
  • Page 41: Bde (Gsc-502)

    6.2 BDE (GSC-502) BDE is composed of Core Module (CM), Interface board and Power Supply board. Fig. 6.2 BDE...
  • Page 42: Option Interface Unit (Oiu)

    6.3 Option Interface Unit (OIU) OIU is the box connecting optional equipment, and is composed of control circuit Option Interface Board (OIB) and Terminal Block Name; Type; NQA-2217 6.3.1 Option Interface Board (OIB) OIB is composed of interface circuit with BDE or with pheripheral equipment, and powersupply circuit.
  • Page 43: Gyro I/F Box

    6.4 GYRO I/F Box The GYRO I/F Box is composed of the Junction Board and the NSK unit. Name; GYRO I/F BOX Type; NQA-2066A Manufacturer; Fig.6.4 GYRO I/F BOX 6.4.1 GYRO I/F JB The GYRO I/F JB is connecting board which relays the signal from NSK Unit or NMEA GYRO to the BDE.
  • Page 44 6-12...
  • Page 45: Chapter 7. Service Parts And Replacement

    CHAPTER 7. Service parts and replacement 7.1 Service parts Following parts are stocked as maintenance parts. Name Type JRC Code Remarks GSC-501 GSC-501 CMZ-117 NCL-362 NAF-247 NAF-247 GSC-502 GSC-502 NQA-2217 NQA-2217 CDJ-2410 CDJ-2410 CQD-2181 CQD-2181 GYRO I/F Box NQA-2066A NQA-2066A Handset NQW-267 NQW-267...
  • Page 46: Replacement Procedures

    7.2 Replacement procedures(TBD) Disconnect the main power cable of BDE before the replacement unit. 7.2.1 Whole of ADE replacement 7.2.2 Radome opening and closing method 7.2.3 ACU replacement 7.2.4 RFU replacement 7.2.5 BDE replacement 7.2.6 OIB replacement 7.2.7 TB replacement...
  • Page 47: Chapter 8. Service Menu

    CHAPTER 8. Service menu Service menu provides serviceman with various setting and tests. Service menu is entered by log-in with serviceman authority. 8.1 Service man log-in (HANDSET) With below sequence, you can log-in Serviceman menu. Idle screen SAT:E143.5 Press MENU button and open the TOP menu.
  • Page 48: Memory Clear

    8.1.1 Memory clear Alarm pack and FLASH ROM can be cleared in Memory clear menu. NOTE Take the copy of the parameters to reconfiguration, before you carry out Memory clear. ・ Turn the power switch OFF and ON to reboot the JUE-500 after Memory clear. ・...
  • Page 49: Tst Config

    8.1.2 TST Config Set the parameters used for operation test. NOTE Reconfigure the parameters as follows, when you complete TEST CONFIG screen. Setting of the parameters in this screen is remained in effective, although you reboot the equipment. Incorrect setting may cause malfunction. (Follow the explanation (d) to set ADE Mode).
  • Page 50 (b) Position Set the ship position by manual-input, when JUE-500 cannot receive GPS data. Switch left/right screen 9 AD M I N 0 S E RV I C E by these buttons. READY Position menu 1 M e m o r y C L R 2 T S T C o n f i g Valid Valid...
  • Page 51 (c) Time & Date 9 AD M I N 0 S E RV I C E READY 1 M e m o r y C L R Time & Date menu 2 T S T C o n f i g Valid Valid READY...
  • Page 52 (d) ADU Mode This menu sets the ADU mode. *Select [GYRO] when GYRO I/F BOX (NQA-2066A) is connected to JUE-500 and operation is carried out as GYRO tracking mode. *Select [DEFAULT] for the rest case. 9 AD M I N 0 S E RV I C E ADU mode setting READY...
  • Page 53 (f) AZ Enter antenna Azimuth angle (within the range of 0 to 359). 9 AD M I N 0 S E RV I C E READY 1 M e m o r y C L R Enter Azimuth angle 2 T S T C o n f i g READY 0 5 St e p Tr a c k 0 6 AZ...
  • Page 54 (i) Servo Set the motor control of ADE antenna unit to ON or OFF. ON is set in regular operation. Antenna control is impossible when it is set to OFF. 9 AD M I N 0 S E RV I C E READY Servo switch setting 1 M e m o r y C L R...
  • Page 55: Chapter 9. Software Updating

    CHAPTER 9. Software updating Update JUE-500 software with following procedure. 1. Confirm the connection JUE-500 software updating is executed by a PC with dedicated application for PC. Prepare a PC and connect it to your JUE-500. * Windows XP OS is required. 2.
  • Page 56 1. Confirm the connection PC dedicated software is used for JUE-500 software updating. Prepare a PC and connect it to Ethernet port of JUE-500, with LAN cable. About the connecting procedure, refer to [6.2 Ethernet port PC connection] (p6-8) in this manual. LAN cable Power supply...
  • Page 57 2. Download the latest software for JUE-500 * Execute following procedure with a PC connecting to Internet. Open the following URL on WEB browser. Enter [Account Name] and [Password], then click [Login] button. Following shortcut icon is created after [BganX Upgrader] is installed. https://fs.jrc.co.jp/.dx/gr/ME-S/JUE-500/ Account Name Password...
  • Page 58 File list is displayed. [JUE-500_XXXX.exe] means the file for software. [XXXX] means the software version, and larger number means newer software.
  • Page 59 Download the file. Click the file name you want to download. Click [Save] button.
  • Page 60 Specify the destination to save and click [Save] button. Downloading of the file is started. Click [Logout] button when downloading of the file is completed. Close the WEB browser after logged out.
  • Page 61 3. Update JUE-500 software Activate your JUE-500 and confirm that initialization is completed. * [Initialize] is displayed on the Handset during initialization. Initialize Execute the downloaded software file [JUE-500_XXXX.exe]. Double click the icon. Following dialog box is displayed. Click [Unzip] button. Note ・Unzip the [BganX Upgrader] into the folder which stores [JUE-500 Installer].
  • Page 62 Following dialog box is displayed. Click [OK] button. Select [Complete upgrade now] and click [OK] button. [BganX Upgrader] is activated.
  • Page 63 [Upgrade] button turns to active when installation is ready. Click [Upgrade] button. Click [Yes] button. The file forwarding is started. Note ・Do not turn OFF the JUE-500 or power supply during forwarding the file. Following dialog box is displayed when file forwarding is completed. JUE-500 reboots automatically after several tens of seconds, and starts software updating.
  • Page 64 [SW UPDATE] is displayed on the Handset screen during software updating. Note ・Do not turn OFF the power supply of JUE-500 and/or PC during the file forwarding. ・Software updating takes up to 10 minutes. SW UPDATE IB UPDATE SW UPDATE ADE UPDATE X 10.
  • Page 65 When software update is failed Update is failed when following phenomenon is generated. Update again with referring to [Recovery procedure when software update is failed] (next page). ・[Upload file failed ] dialog box is displayed on the PC. ・[BDE Update Error] or [ADE Update Error] is displayed on the Handset screen. BDE Update ADE Update Error X...
  • Page 66 Recovery procedure when software update is failed Turn OFF the power supply of JUE-500. Quit [BganX Upgrader], if it is still activating. Turn ON the power supply of JUE-500 with pressing PTT button (right side of Handset) PTT button Leave your finger from PTT button when Ready LED of main unit starts to blink. Confirm the Handset screen transition, it displays [Initialize] and [Safe Mode].
  • Page 67 Software downgrading procedure Prior to below steps, prepare the Upgrader software of the version you want to downgrading. (i.e. If you want to downgrade your software from version 11.01 to 1.0, prepare the Upgrader version 1.0.) Turn OFF the power supply of JUE-500 main unit. Quit [BganX Upgrader], if it is activating.
  • Page 68 When installation is ready, [Upgrade] button turns to active. Click [Yes] button. The file forwarding is started. Note ・Do not turn OFF the JUE-500 or power supply during forwarding the file. Execute the operation from procedure 8 of [3. JUE-500 software updating]. 9-14...
  • Page 69 4. Confirm the updated software version Check that the software version is correctly updated or not, from the following Handset menu. 9-15...
  • Page 70 9-16...
  • Page 71: Chapter 10. Troubleshooting

    CHAPTER 10. Troubleshooting JUE-500 has various functions shown below, they are useful for maintenance and early finding of troubles. By [Self Test] menu, the self-diagnosis function checks the internal circuitry of JUE-500 and displays its result at once. And by [Alarm Pack] menu, its function automatically stores and displays an alarm data occurred in JUE-500.
  • Page 72 Table 10.2 Explanation of Alarm Pack Status Line Menu Items Contents Remarks Example/Correct value EIRP Displays transmitting output level 0 to 20.1 ADE attenuator value About 0 to 30 degrees higher compared with -125 to +125 Displays detection value of temperature the outside temperature.
  • Page 73 Displays 127 to 128 when tracking is normal and the antenna is pointing the satellite completely. When the displayed data differs from above one, antenna may not tracking satellite. Displays the tracking-signal value for RSSI-1:250 And in the case including RSSI-2 is lower radio wave tracking (direction face) than normal value, improper radio wave 0 to 250...
  • Page 74 (Status bit display) Status bit display of ADE S:00000 Detail is shown in below table ->refer to Status 1) Displays receiving level 0 to 100 Displays 30 to 60 in normal status T025Q, T1Q, T1X, CH TYPE Displays received channel type or T45X Cable loss Displays offset value of cable calibration...
  • Page 75 *) Below numbers are displayed as 00,00,00 (XX, YY, ZZ). The comma, [,] is displayed as delimiter when the number is 1-digit(e.g. 3, 0, 0,). XX:Status when failed YY: Error No. when IB software upgrade is failed 0. Initial status 0.
  • Page 76 ・ Rate sensor 60 degrees/s writing speed is 0;NORM Rate sensor Replacement ・ error detected continuously 5 minutes. 1;ALM Harness ・ Memory Read/Write error of Internal and 0;NORM Replacement ・ error external RAM is occurred. 1;ALM Off power 0;NORM ・ Detected output at PA off.
  • Page 77 Alarm 2) (BDE Alarm bit display) Normal/ Compound judgment Abnormal Contents/Cause of alarm Assumed breakdown unit Countermeasure determine etc. (If necessary. ) value Communication error ADE communication 0;NORM between BDE-ADE is error 1;ALM occurred. Core Module Core Module communication 0;NORM communication error error is occurred 1;ALM...
  • Page 78 GYRO Communication error 0;NORM Communication error between BDE and GYRO 1;ALM GYRO I/F interruption GYRO I/F 0;NORM does not occur although interruption error 1;ALM Sync is selected GYRO I/F detected GYRO I/F Sync 0;NORM non-existed signal when impossible 1;ALM Sync is selected GYRO I/F detected GYRO I/F Step 0;NORM...
  • Page 79 Status 1) (ADE Status bit display) Explanation of status Displayed value Criterion or explanation of situation Basically Lock is displayed. Displays that PLL function of ADE operates PLL LOCK 0;Unlock Displaying Unlock indicates that tracking normally. 1;Lock malfunction is occurred. It is no problem, when GYRO is used.
  • Page 80 Status 2) (BDE Status bit display) Explanation of status Displayed value Criterion or explanation of situation Displays backup application of IB (Interface 0;Not activated Backup Board) is activated or not. 1;Activated 0; Signal Tracking Tracking type Displays which tracking system is used 1;GYRO use 0;NMEA GYRO type...
  • Page 81: Troubleshooting According To The Phenomenon

    10.3 Troubleshooting according to the phenomenon 10.3.1 NOT READY “NOT READY” means that JUE-500 cannot receive the signal from the satellite, or cannot communicate with the satellite. Confirm the antenna pointing. (a) When GYRO I/F BOX is used (1) Is the GPS (Position) data received correctly? (2) Is the angle of SAT AZ/SAT EL correct? (3) Is the angle of HEADING correct? (4) Is the angle of BR/EL/Cross EL correct?
  • Page 82: Position

    10.3.2 POSITION? "POSITION?" is displayed if JUE-500 cannot receive GPS data . JUE-500 equips GPS antenna on the backward of antenna pedestal of inner ADE. The reception of GPS data might be impossible depends on the direction of GPS antenna, due to the hull structures or mast of the ship causes the blocking of GPS satellite communication.

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