Kitronik 2112 Manual
Light advanced switch
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Also See for 2112:
- Build instructions & circuit description (2 pages) ,
- Quick start manual (2 pages)
Related Manuals for Kitronik 2112
Summary of Contents for Kitronik 2112
- Page 1 TEACHING RESOURCES INTRODUCTION TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION COMPONENT FACTSHEETS HOW TO SOLDER GUIDE CONTROL ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS WITH THE OUTPUT OF THIS LIGHT ACTIVATED SWITCH Version 3.0...
- Page 2 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Index of Sheets TEACHING RESOURCES Index of Sheets Introduction Technical Specification Soldering in 8 Steps Resistor Values Sensing Light – Photodetectors Using a Transistor as a Switch Darlington Pair ESSENTIAL INFORMATION Build Instructions – Light Activated Build Instructions –...
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Page 3: Technical Specification
Using the booklet This booklet is intended as an aid for teachers when planning and implementing their scheme of work. Please feel free to print any pages of this booklet to use as student handouts in conjunction with Kitronik project kits. - Page 4 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Soldering in 8 Steps INSERT COMPONENT Place the component into the board, making sure that it goes in the correct way around, and the part sits closely against the board. Bend the legs slightly to secure the part. Place the board so you can access the pads with a soldering iron.
- Page 5 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 APPLY SOLDER Feed a small amount of solder into the joint. The solder should melt on the pad and flow around the component leg. STOP SOLDERING Remove the solder, and then remove the soldering iron.
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Page 6: Resistor Values
Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Resistor Values A resistor is a device that opposes the flow of electrical current. The bigger the value of a resistor, the more it opposes the current flow. The value of a resistor is given in Ω (ohms) and is often referred to as its ‘resistance’. - Page 7 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Calculating resistor markings Calculate what the colour bands would be for the following resistor values. 1st Band 2nd Band Multiplier x alue 180 Ω 3,900 Ω 47,000 (47K) Ω 1,000,000 (1M) Ω What does tolerance mean? Resistors always have a tolerance but what does this mean? It refers to the accuracy to which it has been manufactured.
- Page 8 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Sensing Light – Photodetectors To sense light levels in electronics requires a component which is sensitive to light. 2 types of photodetector capable of doing this are Light Dependent Resistors (LDR) and Phototransistors. An LDR is a component that has a resistance that falls with an increase in the light intensity falling upon the device.
- Page 9 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Using a Transistor as a Switch Overview A transistor in its simplest form is an electronic switch. It allows a small amount of current to switch a much larger amount of current either on or off. There are two types of transistors: NPN and PNP. The different order of the letters relate to the order of the N and P type material used to make the transistor.
- Page 10 Light Activated Switch Teaching Resources www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Darlington Pair What is a Darlington Pair? Load Load A Darlington Pair is two transistors that act as a single transistor but with a much higher current gain. What is current gain? Input Input...
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Page 11: Essential Information
ESSENTIAL INFORMATION BUILD INSTRUCTIONS CHECKING YOUR PCB & FAULT-FINDING HOW THE KIT WORKS APPLICATIONS CONTROL ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS WITH THE OUTPUT OF THIS LIGHT ACTIVATED SWITCH Version 3.0... - Page 12 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Build Instructions – Light Activated Before you start, take a look at the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). The components go in the side with the writing on and the solder goes on the side with the tracks and silver pads.
- Page 13 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Build Instructions – Dark Activated Before you start, take a look at the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). The components go in the side with the writing on and the solder goes on the side with the tracks and silver pads.
- Page 14 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Checking Your Circuit Check the following before you connect power to the board: Check the bottom of the board to ensure that: All these leads are soldered. Pins next to each other are not soldered together.
- Page 15 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 How the Light Switch Works – Dark Activated The circuit operation is very simple. When the input to the transistor Q1, which is fed from the connecting point of R1 and Phototransistor, is greater than 1.4V, the output is turned on. Normally it requires 0.7V to turn on a transistor but this circuit uses two transistors in a Darlington Pair, meaning that it requires 2 x 0.7V = 1.4V to turn on...
- Page 16 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 How the Light Switch Works – Light Activated The circuit operation is very simple. When the input to the transistor Q1, which is fed from the connecting point of the Phototransistor and R2, is greater than 1.4V, the output is turned on. Normally it requires 0.7V to turn on a transistor but this circuit uses two transistors in a Darlington Pair, meaning that it requires 2 x 0.7V = 1.4V to turn on...
- Page 17 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Applications Garden lamp that switches on automatically at night As shown to the right, by simply adding a battery holder and light bulb to a PCB built in the ‘dark activated’ configuration, you can create a garden light that automatically comes on in the dark.
- Page 18 Light Activated Switch Essentials www.kitronik.co.uk/2112 Line following buggy (using 2 light activated boards) As shown below, by using two light activated boards and two motors, it is possible to make a line following buggy. The boards just need to be mounted close to the ground with the light sensor facing down. Normally the buggy will travel in a straight line.
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Page 19: Online Information
/ omissions in the notes. Kitronik Ltd - Any unauthorised copying / duplication of this booklet or part thereof for purposes except for use with Kitronik project kits is not allowed without Kitronik’s prior consent.
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