Related Manuals for Texas Instruments TPA005D02
Summary of Contents for Texas Instruments TPA005D02
- Page 1 TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module User’s Guide October 1998 Mixed-Signal Products SLOU032A...
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Page 2: Important Notice
IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. - Page 3 TI Plug-N-Play Audio Amplifier Evaluation Platform (literature number SLOU011) provides detailed information on the evaluation platform and its use with TI audio evaluation modules. TPA005D02 CLASS D STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER (literature number SLOS227) This is the data sheet for the TPA005D02 audio amplifier integrated circuit.
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Page 5: Table Of Contents
3.2.2 Overview of Class D Audio Amplifiers 3.2.3 EVM Design Considerations 3.2.4 Efficiency of Class D vs. Linear Operation Using The TPA005D02 Class D EVM With the Plug-N-Play Platform 3.3.1 Installing and Removing EVM Boards 3.3.2 Module Switches 3.3.3 Signal Routing . - Page 6 Audio Signal Showing Peak and RMS Power 3–16 Audio Signal Showing Peak and RMS Power (with Music Applied) 3–17 Supply Current vs Peak Output Voltage of TPA005D02 vs TPA0202 with Music Input 3–18 Platform Signal Routing and Outputs 3–19 Mute/Mode and Polarity Control 3–20...
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Page 7: Introduction
This chapter provides an overview of the Texas Instruments (TI ) TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Amplifier Evaluation Module (SLOP223). It includes a list of EVM features, a brief description of the module illustrated with a pictorial diagram, and a list of EVM specifications. - Page 8 Feature Highlights 1.1 Feature Highlights The TI TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Amplifier Evaluation Module and the TI Plug-N-Play Audio Amplifier Evaluation Platform include the following features: TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module External depop circuitry to eliminate turn-on transients in outputs...
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Page 9: The Ti Tpa005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Amplifier Evaluation Module
The TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module is a complete, 2-Watt per channel stereo audio power amplifier. It consists of the TI TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Power Amplifier IC along with a small number of other parts mounted on a circuit board that measures approximately inches by 1 Figure 1–1. - Page 10 TPA005D02 Class D EVM Specifications 1.3 TPA005D02 Class D EVM Specifications Supply voltage range, V ..........
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Page 11: Quick Start
Follow the steps in this chapter to quickly prepare the TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Amplifier EVM for use. Using the TPA005D02 class D EVM with the TI Plug-N-Play Audio Amplifier Evaluation Platform is a quick and easy way to connect power, signal and control inputs, and signal outputs to the EVM using standard connectors. -
Page 12: 2.1 Precautions
Precautions 2.1 Precautions Power Supply Input Polarity and Maximum Voltage Always ensure that the polarity and voltage of the external power connected to V input connector J6 are correct. Overvoltage or reverse-polarity power applied to these terminals can open onboard soldered-in fuses and cause other damage to the platform, installed evaluation modules, and/or the power source. -
Page 13: Quick Start List For Platform
2.2 Quick Start List for Platform Follow these steps when using the TPA005D02 class D EVM with the TI Plug- N-Play Audio Amplifier Evaluation Platform (see the platform user’s guide, SLOU011, for additional details). Numbered callouts for selected steps are shown in Figure 2–1 and details appear in Chapter 3. -
Page 14: Quick Start List For Stand-Alone
Quick Start List for Stand-Alone 2.3 Quick Start List for Stand-Alone Follow these steps to use the TPA005D02 class D EVM stand-alone or to connect it into existing circuits or equipment. Connections to the TPA005D02 module header pins can be made via individual sockets, wire-wrapping, or soldering to the pins, either on the top or the bottom of the module circuit board. -
Page 15: Details
This chapter provides details on the TPA005D02 IC, the evaluation module, and the steps in the Quick-Start List, a discussion on class D amplifiers, additional application information, a parts list for the TPA005D02 class D evaluation module, module performance graphs, and module PCB layer illustrations. -
Page 16: Precautions
Precautions 3.1 Precautions Power Supply Input Polarity and Maximum Voltage Always ensure that the polarity and voltage of the external power connected to V input connector J6 are correct. Overvoltage or reverse-polarity power applied to these terminals can open onboard soldered-in fuses and cause other damage to the platform, installed evaluation modules, and/or the power source. -
Page 17: The Tpa005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module
3.2 The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module The TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module is powered by a TPA005D02 class D stereo power amplifier integrated circuit capable of delivering greater than 2 W of continuous power per channel into 4- loads. -
Page 18: Tpa005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Amplifier Ic
BTL operation at a supply voltage of 5 V, each channel of the TPA005D02 amplifier IC is capable of 2 W of continuous output power into a 4- load at 0.8% total harmonic distortion + noise (THD+N) over a frequency range of 20Hz –... -
Page 19: Overview Of Class D Audio Amplifiers
The triangle wave must be operating at a much higher frequency than the highest frequency component of the input signal in order to get an accurate representation at the amplifier output. The TPA005D02 EVM uses a 250 kHz switching rate to sample the input, which is more than ten times higher than the highest frequency component of the 20 Hz to 20kHz audio input range. - Page 20 BTL operation provides many benefits, including quadruple the output power of single-ended operation and no need for bulky output coupling capacitors. For more information, see the TPA005D02 amplifier IC data sheet, TI Literature Number SLOS205. To operate in the bridge-tied load output mode, the module output signal from OUT+ must go through the speaker load and be returned directly to OUT–, and...
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Page 21: Evm Design Considerations
16V. If better matching of the left and right channels is needed or a harsh environment will be encountered, then a capacitor with X7R temperature characteristics should be considered. The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module Details... -
Page 22: Single-Ended Class D Output Filter
The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module 3.2.3.2 Output Filter Class D amplifiers require special filtering at the output to remove the high-frequency switching component and accurately reconstruct the audio signal. The output filter is a low-pass filter (LPF) which sets the high frequency –3-dB point of the bandwidth. -
Page 23: Low-Pass Filter For Bridged Application
To frequency scale, each component is divided by Hertz): Because the TPA005D02 is a bridged amplifier, this filter is needed at both the positive and negative output. This means that R filter, so for a bridged application, R calculations. -
Page 24: Resulting Bridged Output Filter
The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module The component equations adjusted for bridged amplifiers are To find component values, let f second. If a 4- speaker is used, R = 0.94 F. Additional capacitors can be added from each side of R to provide a high-frequency short to ground. - Page 25 The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module 3.2.3.3 Power Filtering Power supply considerations include power supply decoupling and high frequency bypass loops. Electrolytic capacitors are used for decoupling and ceramic or mica capacitors are used for high frequency bypass applications.
- Page 26 The success of the solid ground plane is partially due to the TPA005D02 IC, which allows the designer to keep the input and output sections of the chip separated, reducing the chance that high- and mid-frequency return currents will make a path to the analog input section of the chip.
- Page 27 Shutdown The shutdown control (IC pin 1) is activated by a logic low. Shutdown limits the supply current of the TPA005D02 to 400 A to conserve power in low power applications. The shutdown circuit (IC pin 1) consists of D1, Q1, R1, R2, R3, R4, C1, and S2, a relatively large number of components.
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Page 28: Tpa005D02 Class D Evm Fault Indicator Table
The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module Fault Indicator The TPA005D02 IC has two fault indicator pins (IC pins 41 and 42) to indicate an under-voltage condition or a thermal fault. When the device is operating normally, both pins are pulled up to the supply voltage through R6/D2 and R7/D3. -
Page 29: Efficiency Of Class D Vs. Linear Operation
To illustrate how the output transistors of a class D amplifier operate, a half-bridge application is examined first (Figure 3–9). Figure 3–9. Half-Bridge Class D Output Stage The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module is the supply power. ) and the switching times of the output transistors are zero. -
Page 30: Class D Currents
The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module Figures 3–10 and 3–11 show the currents and voltages of the half-bridge circuit. When transistor M1 is on and M2 is off, the inductor current is approximately equal to the supply current. When M2 switches on and M1 switches off, the supply current drops to zero, but the inductor keeps the inductor current from dropping. -
Page 31: H-Bridge Class D Output Stage
The H-bridge circuit is shown in Figure 3–12. Figure 3–12. H-Bridge Class D Output Stage V DD The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module ) is the output from an ideal class D and linear LINEAR L(rms) -
Page 32: Output Transistor Simplification For Conduction Loss Calculation
The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module 3.2.4.2 Losses in a Real-World Class D Amplifier Losses make class D amplifiers nonideal, and reduce the efficiency below 100%. These losses are due to the output transistors having a nonzero , and rise and fall times that are greater than zero. -
Page 33: Output Switching Losses
Output Power (W) 0.25 0.75 1.25 † High peak voltages cause the THD to increase The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module t SWoff t SW = 250 kHz, R = 310 m = 4 ) yields a switching power... -
Page 34: Audio Signal Showing Peak And Rms Power
The TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module There is a minor power supply savings with a class D amplifier versus a linear amplifier when amplifying sine waves. The difference is much larger when the amplifier is used strictly for music. This is because music has much lower RMS output power levels, given the same peak output power (Figure 3–15);... -
Page 35: Supply Current Vs Peak Output Voltage Of Tpa005D02 Vs Tpa0202 With Music Input
RMS supply current. Figure 3–17 compares the TPA005D02 supply current to the supply current of the TPA0202, a 2-W linear device, while playing music at different peak voltage levels. Figure 3–17. Supply Current vs Peak Output Voltage of TPA005D02 vs TPA0202 with Music Input SUPPLY CURRENTS PEAK OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND PEAK OUTPUT POWER 0.25... -
Page 36: 3.3 Using The Tpa005D02 Class D Evm With The Plug-N-Play Platform
Using The TPA005D02 Class D EVM With the Plug-N-Play Platform 3.3 Using The TPA005D02 Class D EVM With the Plug-N-Play Platform The TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Amplifier Evaluation Module was designed to be used with the TI Plug-N-Play Audio Amplifier Evaluation Platform. -
Page 37: Module Switches
400 A compared to approximately 10 mA in the mute mode. 3.3.2.2 S2 — Mute Switch Pushbutton switch S2 on the TPA005D02 class D EVM allows manual muting of the amplifier IC. S2 connects the amplifier IC MUTE pin to ground, muting the output. -
Page 38: Signal Routing
The audio signal from input jacks can be applied to the signal conditioning socket (U1) if an EVM is installed there, or socket U1 can be bypassed and the audio input signal applied directly to the inputs of the TPA005D02 class D EVM. -
Page 39: Mute
The TPA005D02 class D EVM is equipped with a mute control input pin. When this input is tied to GND, the TPA005D02 amplifier IC on the module enters the mute mode and dissipates very little power. When the EVM control input is tied to V or allowed to float, amplifier operation resumes. -
Page 40: Power Requirements
V evaluation module installed on it. Although the TPA005D02 amplifier IC draws approximately 2 A from the power supply during continuous full power output, peak current draw can be as high as 5 A. Any power supply connected to the platform should be capable of providing 5 A of current to avoid clipping of the output signal during peaks. -
Page 41: Inputs And Outputs
J10 to the output lines of either the headphone amplifier socket or the power amplifier sockets (Figure 3 – 20). Since the TPA005D02 class D EVM can drive only BTL outputs, S3 MUST ALWAYS BE SET TO THE U5 POSITION. -
Page 42: 3.4 Using The Tpa005D02 Class D Evm Stand-Alone
(100 k ). Do not drive the module inputs unless speaker loads are connected to the module outputs or the TPA005D02 amplifier IC will go into thermal shutdown. 3.4.1 TPA005D02 Class D EVM Connected for BTL Output Figure 3–21. -
Page 43: 3.5 Tpa005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module Parts List
3.5 TPA005D02 Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Module Parts List Table 3–3. TPA005D02 Class D EVM Parts List Reference Description C1, C2, C3, C6 Capacitor, Ceramic, 1 F, C7, C9, C12, C13, 16 V, Y5V, +80% –20% C16, C17, C18, C19... -
Page 44: 3.6 Tpa005D02 Class D Evm Measured Characteristics
TPA005D02 Class D EVM Measured Characteristics 3.6 TPA005D02 Class D EVM Measured Characteristics The TPA005D02 Class D Stereo Audio Power Amplifier EVM was tested using an Audio Precision 2322, a 5-V regulated DC power supply, the TI PNP Audio Power Amplifier Evaluation Platform set up as described in Chapter 2, and 4-W speaker loads. -
Page 45: Distortion Versus Output Power
A slight increase in supply voltage over 5 V substantially reduces the harmonic distortion at power levels above 500 mW. Figure 3–23. Distortion versus Output Power 0.05 0.03 TPA005D02 Class D EVM Measured Characteristics TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE OUTPUT POWER V DD = 5 V R L = 4... -
Page 46: Distortion Versus Frequency
TPA005D02 Class D EVM Measured Characteristics THD+N versus frequency is shown in Figure 3–24, and correlates with the data shown in Figure 3–23. The rise in distortion at higher frequencies is due primarily to the increase in crosstalk with frequency (Figure 3–25). The crosstalk was measured at full output power, which is the worst-case scenario. -
Page 47: Tpa005D02 Class D Evm Pcb Layers
3.7 TPA005D02 Class D EVM PCB Layers The following illustrations depict the TPA005D02 class D EVM PCB layers. These drawings are not to scale. Gerber plots can be obtained from any TI Sales Office. Figure 3–26. TPA005D02 Class D EVM Silkscreen... -
Page 48: Tpa005D02 Class D Evm 2Nd Layer
TPA005D02 Class D EVM PCB Layers Figure 3–28. TPA005D02 Class D EVM 2nd Layer Figure 3–29. TPA005D02 Class D EVM 3rd Layer 3-34 Details... -
Page 49: Tpa005D02 Class D Evm Bottom Layer
TPA005D02 Class D EVM PCB Layers Figure 3–30. TPA005D02 Class D EVM Bottom Layer Details 3-35... - Page 50 3-36 Details...
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