In order for the engine to run, the air and fuel mixture is compressed in the cylinder. This increases the
density of the fuel air mixture and allows for a more efficient combustion process, and higher power
output.
Compression ratio is a comparison between the volume of the cylinder at BDC to the volume of the
cylinder at TDC.
Ratios of 6 to 8:1 are common for gasoline engines and 18 to 20:1 for Diesel engines.