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Instruo Cs-L User Manual

Complex oscillator
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Cš-L
Complex Oscillator
User Manual

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Summary of Contents for Instruo Cs-L

  • Page 1 Cš-L Complex Oscillator User Manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Contents Description / Features Frequency Modulation Installation / Specifications Wavefolding Overview Oscillator Synchronisation Oscillators Amplitude Modulation Frequency/Pitch Internal Modulation Routing Link Button Patch Examples...
  • Page 3 Description The Instruō Cš-L is a dual analogue oscillator optimised for generation of complex waveforms. It features two contrasting discrete circuit oscillators that are normalled to one another, offering a variety of simultaneous modulation routings. The resulting harmonic timbres sit far beyond the realms of traditional subtractive synthesis.
  • Page 4 Installation 1. Confirm that the Eurorack synthesizer system is powered off. 2. Locate 26 HP of space in your Eurorack synthesizer case. 3. Connect the 10 pin side of the IDC power cable to the 2x5 pin header on the back of the module, confirming that the red stripe on the power cable is connected to -12V.
  • Page 5 Cš-L | si:-əz-El | proverb (derivative) “complex sauce-later” 1. Osc A 1V/Oct Input 15. Osc B Sine Output 2. Osc A Coarse Frequency 16. Osc B Square Output 3. Osc A Fine Frequency 17. Sub Button 4. Osc A Sine Output 18.
  • Page 6 28. LFO Button 41. Soft Sync Input 29. Osc A Lin/Exp Toggle 42. Sync Button 30. Osc A FM Input 43. Osc A Symmetry Bias Attenuverter 31. Osc A FM Attenuator 44. Osc A Symmetry Bias Input 32. Osc B Lin/Exp Toggle 45.
  • Page 7 Oscillators Oscillators A and B share various similarities, but they utilise very different circuitry architectures. Oscillator A features a sawtooth core circuit while Oscillator B features a triangle core circuit. This contrast in cores result in slight variations in the harmonic content of each oscillators’...
  • Page 8 Oscillator A (Sawtooth Core) Sine Output: Sine waveform output. Triangle Output: Triangle waveform output. Sawtooth Output: Sawtooth/Ramp waveform output. Final Output: Final waveform output. • The waveform is determined by the Wavefold parameter and the Symmetry Bias Attenuverter. PWM Output: Pulse width modulation waveform output.
  • Page 9 PWM CV Input: PWM CV Input is a bipolar control voltage input for the parameter. • Control voltage sums with the knob position. • Input range: -/+5V. • Note that with external control voltage extending the controllable range of the duty cycle, audibility of the signal will drop when pushed beyond 0% and 100%.
  • Page 10 Oscillator B (Triangle Core) Final Output: Final waveform output. • The waveform is determined by the Wavefold parameter and the Symmetry Bias Attenuverter. Triangle Output: Triangle waveform output. Square Output: Square waveform output. Sub Button: Sub Button determines the octave of the Square Output.
  • Page 11 PWM: knob controls the width of the upper and lower pulses of the stepped triangle waveform. • Turning the knob clockwise will increase the width of the upper and lower pulses. • Turning the knob anticlockwise will decrease the width of the upper and lower pulses.

  • Page 12: Frequency/Pitch

    Frequency/Pitch Coarse: Coarse knob controls the fundamental frequency of the oscillator. It determines the pitch of all corresponding waveforms. • Turning the knob clockwise will increase the frequency. • Turning the knob anticlockwise will decrease the frequency. Fine: Fine knob is used for minute control of the oscillator’s fundamental frequency and is relative to the frequency value set by the Coarse knob.

  • Page 13: Link Button

    Link Button Link Button will bidirectionally normal 1V/Octave control voltage signals from one oscillator to the other via either 1V/Oct Input. If the Link Button is unilluminated, linking is diabled, and the 1V/Oct Input will control the corresponding oscillator only. If the Link Button is illuminated white, linking is engaged.

  • Page 14: Frequency Modulation

    Frequency Modulation FM Input: FM Input is a bipolar control voltage input for the frequency parameter of the oscillators. Coarse • Control voltage is summed with the values set by the Fine knobs and scaled by the Attenuator. • By default, the sine waveform of Oscillator A is normalled to the Input Oscillator B.

  • Page 15: Wavefolding

    Wavefolding Wavefold: Wavefold faders control the amount of wavefolding applied to the sine waveform of each respective oscillator. Folded signals are present at the Final Outputs. Unlike traditional distortion effects where signal amplitude passing a threshold is ‘clipped’, wavefolding inverts signal amplitude when it passes a threshold. This folding can occur multiple times resulting in dynamic control over rich harmonic spectra.
  • Page 16 • Turning the knob anticlockwise applies a negative bias to the normalled sine waveform. • Turning the knob clockwise applies a positive bias to the normalled sine waveform. • Applied DC bias will affect the harmonic overtones of the waveform. Symmetry Bias Input: A signal present at the Symmetry Bias Input...

  • Page 17: Oscillator Synchronisation

    Oscillator Synchronisation Both oscillators have an external synchronisation input, labeled Sync the front panel. Hard Sync Input: Oscillator A implements Hard Synchronisation. • On a rising edge signal, the oscillator’s cycle will reset. • Hard edged signals such as sawtooth/ramp and square waveforms Hard Sync Input work best for the of Oscillator A.
  • Page 18 • When tuning Oscillator B to an external signal, the Soft Sync Input can be used to phase lock the signals to remove beat frequencies in unison and perfect interval tunings. • Oscillator B will lock to integer multiples of the external signal. •...

  • Page 19: Amplitude Modulation

    Amplitude Modulation The module features an on-board signal multiplier which can be utilised as a four-quadrant multiplier, internal/external signal rectifier, and as a traditional voltage controlled amplifier. Multiply Inputs: Each oscillators’ sine waveform is normalled to its corresponding Multiply Input jack.
  • Page 20 If the button is unilluminated, Ring Modulation Mode is selected. This mode functions as a full four-quadrant multiplier which achieves bipolar amplitude modulation. Half Wave Rectification Mode If the button is illuminated white, selected. This mode omits any negative portion of the signal seen at the Multiply Input of Oscillator A, cropping the signal to 0V.

  • Page 21: Internal Modulation Routing

    Internal Modulation Routing There are two internal linear VCAs on the Cš-L. The sine waveforms of each oscillator route to these in parallel with the Sine Outputs. The amplitudes of these VCAs are controlled simultaneously via the Index bus. Each VCA controlled sine waveform can be routed to up to four modulation destinations, each that can be defined independently without patching a single cable.
  • Page 22 Mod Button: Mod Button is used to set the internal routing of the Index signals to the opposite oscillators PWM CV Input. If the button is unilluminated, internal modulation routing is disabled. If the button is illuminated white, the sine waveform of Oscillator A is routed to the PWM CV Input of Oscillator B, and vice versa.
  • Page 23 • The internal modulation destinations are as follows: Ring/AM/Rect Button is used to enable/disable the modulation routing to the FM Input of Oscillator A (When disabled, the sine waveform of Oscillator B is directly normalled to this destination and not controlled by the Index parameter).
  • Page 24 Mod Button is used to enable/disable the modulation routing to the Wavefold CV Input of Oscillator A. Sub Button is used to enable/disable the modulation routing to the Wavefold CV Input of Oscillator B. LFO Button is used to enable/disable the modulation routing to the Symmetry Bias Input of Oscillator A.
  • Page 25 Link Button is used to enable/disable the modulation routing to the Symmetry Bias Input of Oscillator B. • It is important to note that when enabled, the modulation signal Symmetry Bias replaces the default reference voltage. The Attenuverter will control the inversion and depth of the Index modulation signal.
  • Page 26 Patch Examples East Coast Synth Voice: Summary: The sequencer or keyboard sends voltages to Cš-L while simultaneously triggering the envelope generator. The CV output of the envelope generator opens the filter and VCA, allowing Cš-L’s signal to pass through. More traditional East Coast patches would incorporate separate envelope generators for the filter and VCA.
  • Page 27 Control Path: • Connect the 1V/Oct output of a sequencer or keyboard to the 1V/Oct Input of Oscillator B. • Connect the gate output of the sequencer or keyboard to the trigger input of an envelope generator. • Connect the CV output of the envelope generator to a multiple. •...
  • Page 28 Complete Synth Voice: Summary: The sequencer or keyboard sends note voltages to Cš-L while simultaneously triggering the envelope generator. The CV output of the envelope generator modulates the wavefolder, allowing for timbral changes. The same envelope generator CV signal modulates the Multiply Carrier Input which functions as a VCA.
  • Page 29 Control Path: • Connect the 1V/Oct output of a sequencer or keyboard to the 1V/Oct Input of Oscillator A. • Connect the gate output of the sequencer or keyboard to the trigger input of an envelope generator. • Connect the CV output of the envelope generator to a multiple. •...
  • Page 30 Sync’d Growl: Summary: Both Final waveforms are multiplied together through a ring modulator. The sine waveform of Oscillator A modulates the Wavefold Symmetry Bias parameters of Oscillator B while the sine waveform of Oscillator B modulates the same parameters of Oscillator A. The depth of internal modulation is set by the Index knob.
  • Page 31 • Hard synchronise Oscillator A to the square waveform of Oscillator B by setting the Sync Button so that it illuminates white. • Connect the audio output of the filter to the audio input of a VCA. • Monitor the audio output of the VCA. •...
  • Page 32 1V/Oct Input of Oscillator A. • Connect the gate output of the sequencer or keyboard to the trigger input of an envelope generator. • Connect the CV output of the envelope generator to a multiple. • Connect one copy of the envelope generator CV signal to the CV input of the filter and set the corresponding CV attenuator to a desired position.
  • Page 33 Formant Voice: Summary: The sine waveform of Oscillator A is half wave rectified and the square waveform of Oscillator B is lowered by one octave and set to hard synchronise Oscillator A. The product of these two signals can Multiply Output be monitored at the where it can then be connected East Coast Synth Voice...
  • Page 34 Audio Path: • Create an East Coast Synth Voice audio path using the Multiply Output. • Press the Ring/AM/Rect Button so that it is illuminated white and Half Wave Rectification set to mode. • Press the Sub Button so that it is illuminated amber and the square waveform’s frequency is lowered by two octaves.
  • Page 35 Spooky Theremin Voice: The sine waveform of Oscillator B is minutely modulated by the LFO sine waveform of Oscillator A. The sequencer or keyboard sends voltages to Cš-L. Top frequency set approx 4hz LFO button engaged (Illuminated white) Sequencer or Keyboard CV Output Audio Path:...
  • Page 36 Control Path: • Connect the 1V/Oct output of a sequencer or keyboard to the Oct Input of Oscillator A. • Press the LFO Button so that it is illuminated white and LFO Mode is enabled. • Set the Coarse knob of Oscillator A to 4:00 (around 4Hz) and use Fine knob of Oscillator A for fine tuning the frequency.
  • Page 37 Wavefold to multiply with sync and FM: Summary: Oscillator A is hard synchronised to the Square waveform of Oscillator B. The Final waveform of Oscillator A is multiplied with the Sine waveform of Oscillator B. The Sine waveform of Oscillator B also modulates the frequency of Oscillator A.
  • Page 38 Audio Path: • Final Output Multiply Connect the of Oscillator A to the Modulator Input. • Multiply Output. Monitor the • Press the Sync Button so that it is illuminated white and Hard Synchronisation is enabled. • Set the Coarse Fine knobs of both oscillators to desired positions.
  • Page 39 The Bonnie Racket Voice: output of both oscillators are ring modulated. The ring modulated signal sums with the Sine waveform of Oscillator A and then sent through the wavefolder. Both oscillators exponentially frequency modulate each other. The Final Output of Oscillator A can then be connected to the rest of the East Coast Synth Voice audio path.
  • Page 40 Audio Path: • East Coast Synth Voice Final Output Create an audio path using the of Oscillator A. • PWM Output Multiply Connect the of Oscillator A to the Carrier Input. • Connect the PWM Output of Oscillator B to the Multiply Modulator Input.
  • Page 41 Five Seperate Modules At Once: OSC A AS AN LFO LFO Button OSC A SYMMETRY INPUT AS WAVEFOLDER engaged (white) LFO Output External oscillator Final Output MULTIPLY BUS AS VCA External CV Multiply Output External Audio OSC B SYMMETRY INPUT AS WAVEFOLDER OSC B AS AN OSCILLATOR External Sub button...
  • Page 42 Osc A as LFO: • LFO Button Press the so that the button is illuminated white. • Coarse Fine Set the knobs to a desired position. • Output from any of the waveform outputs of Oscillator A. Osc A as Wavefolder: •...
  • Page 43 OSC B as Wavefolder: • Wavefold Ensure that the fader is set to its minimum position (fully left). • Symmetry Bias Input. Patch an external audio rate signal to the • Set the Symmetry Bias Attenuverter to a desired position. This parameter controls the amount of wavefolding applied to the signal.