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Areva MiCOM C232 Technical Manual
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Areva MiCOM C232 Technical Manual

Areva MiCOM C232 Technical Manual

Compact bay unit for control and monitoring with protection functions
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MiCOM C232
Compact Bay Unit for
Control and Monitoring
with Protection Functions
Version -302-401/402/403/404-603
Technical Manual
C232/EN M/A23
Volume 1.1

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Summary of Contents for Areva MiCOM C232

  • Page 1 MiCOM C232 Compact Bay Unit for Control and Monitoring with Protection Functions Version -302-401/402/403/404-603 Technical Manual C232/EN M/A23 Volume 1.1...
  • Page 2 Compact Bay Unit for Control and Monitoring with integrated Protection Functions C232 Version -302-401/402/403/404-603...
  • Page 3 In the event of questions or specific problems, do not take any action without proper authorization. Contact the appropriate AREVA technical sales office and request the necessary information.
  • Page 7 Modifications After Going to Press...
  • Page 8 Contents Application and Scope Technical Data Conformity General Data Tests 2.3.1 Type Test 2.3.2 Routine Test Environmental Conditions Inputs and Outputs Interfaces Information Output Settings Deviations 2.9.1 Deviations of the Operate Values 2.9.2 Deviations of the Timer Stages 2.9.3 Deviations of Measured Data Acquisition 2.10 Recording Functions 2.11...
  • Page 9 Contents (continued) 3.9.10 Blocked / Faulty 3-60 (OUT OF SERVICE) 3.9.11 Coupling between Control and 3-61 Protection for the CB Closed Signal 3.9.12 Close Command 3-62 3.9.13 Multiple Signaling 3-63 3.9.14 Starting Signals and Tripping 3-65 Logic 3.9.15 CB Trip Signal 3-72 3.9.16 Enable for Switch Commands...
  • Page 10 Contents (continued) Design Installation and Connection Unpacking and Packing Checking the Nominal Data and the Design Type Location Requirements Installation Protective and Operational Grounding Connection 5.6.1 Connecting the Measuring and Auxiliary Circuits 5.6.2 Connecting the Serial Interfaces 5-11 Local Control Panel Display and Keypad Changing between Display Levels Illumination of the Display...
  • Page 11 Contents (continued) Information and Control Functions Operation 8.1.1 Cyclic Values 8.1.1.1 Measured Operating Data 8.1.1.2 Physical State Signals 8.1.1.3 Logic State Signals 8.1.2 Control and Testing 8-18 8.1.3 Operating Data Recording 8-20 Events 8-21 8.2.1 Event Counters 8-21 8.2.2 Measured Event Data 8-22 8.2.3 Event Recording...
  • Page 12 1 Application and Scope Application and Scope The C232 bay unit integrates control and protection (model 4 only) into one single device (One-box solution). The unit’s protection functions provide selective short-circuit protection in medium- and high-voltage systems. The systems can be operated as impedance-grounded, resonant- grounded, or isolated-neutral systems.
  • Page 13 1 Application and Scope (continued) Global functions In addition to the features listed above, as well as comprehensive self-monitoring, the following global functions are available in the C232: Parameter subset selection (model 4 only) Operating data recording (time-tagged signal logging) Fault data acquisition (model 4 only) Fault recording (time-tagged signal logging together with fault value recording of the three phase currents, the residual current as well as the three phase-to-ground...
  • Page 14 2 Technical Data Technical Data Conformity Notice Applicable to C232, version -302 – 401 / 402 / 403 / 404 - 602. Declaration of conformity (Per Article 10 of EC Directive 72/73/EC.) The product designated ‘C232 Compact Bay Unit’ has been designed and manufactured in conformance with the European standards EN 60255-6 and EN 61010-1 and with the ‘EMC Directive’...
  • Page 15 2 Technical Data (continued) Creepage Distances and Clearances § Per EN 61010-1 and IEC 664-1 Pollution degree 3, working voltage 250 V, overvoltage category III, impulse test voltage 5 kV. Tests 2.3.1 Type Test Type tests § Tests per EN 60255-6 or IEC 255-6.
  • Page 16 2 Technical Data (continued) Surge Immunity Test § Per EN 61000-4-5 or IEC 61000-4-5, insulation class 4. Testing of circuits for power supply and unsymmetrical or symmetrical lines. Open-circuit voltage, front time / time to half-value: 1.2 / 50 µs Short-circuit current, front time / time to half-value: 8 / 20 µs Amplitude: 4 / 2 kV Pulse frequency: >...
  • Page 17 2 Technical Data (continued) 2.3.2 Routine Test All tests per EN 60255-6§ or IEC 255-6 and DIN 57435 part 303. Voltage Test Per IEC 255-5. 2.2 kV AC or 2.8 kV DC, 1 s. Direct voltage (2.8 kV DC) must be used for the voltage test of the power supply inputs. The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test.
  • Page 18 2 Technical Data (continued) Binary signal inputs Nominal auxiliary voltage V : = 24 to 250 V DC A,nom Operating range: 0.8 to 1.1 V with a residual ripple of up to 12 % V in,nom in,nom Power consumption per input: = 19 to 110 V DC: 0.5 W ±...
  • Page 19 2 Technical Data (continued) Wire Leads Per RS 485 or RS 422, 2 kV isolation Distance to be bridged: Point-to-point connection: max. 1200 m Multipoint connection: max. 100 m Order Code Transmission Rate Interface - 456 - 925 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable) COMM1 (one channel available) - 456 - 921...
  • Page 20 2 Technical Data (continued) Glass Fiber Connection G 62,5/125 Optical wavelength: typically 820 nm Optical output: min. -16 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. -24 dBm Optical input: max. -10 dBm max. 1.400 m Distance to be bridged: Order Code Transmission Rate Interface - 456 - 927 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable)
  • Page 21 2 Technical Data (continued) Definite-time and inverse-time overcurrent protection Phase and Residual Current Stages Deviation: ± 5 % Negative-Sequence System Stages Deviation: ± 5 % Direct current input Deviation: ± 1 % 2.9.2 Deviations of the Timer Stages Definitions ‘Reference Conditions’ , total harmonic distortion ≤...
  • Page 22 2 Technical Data (continued) Active and reactive power Deviation: ± 2 % (single pole measurement) Load angle Deviation: ± 1° Frequency Deviation: ± 10 mHz Direct Current of Measured Data Input and Output Deviation: ± 1 % Fault data Short-Circuit Current Deviation: ±...
  • Page 23 2 Technical Data (continued) Resolution of the Recorded Data Signals Time resolution: 1 ms Fault values Time resolution: 20 sampled values per period Phase currents Dynamic range: 100 I Amplitude resolution: 6.1 mA r.m.s. at I = 1 A 30.5 mA r.m.s. at I = 5 A Voltages Dynamic range:...
  • Page 24 2 Technical Data (continued) 2.12 Dimensioning of Current Transformers The following equation is used for dimensioning a current transformer for the offset maximum primary current: ⋅ ⋅ ≥ ⋅ ⋅ where: saturation voltage non-offset maximum primary current, converted to the secondary side 1,max rated secondary current rated overcurrent factor...
  • Page 25 2 Technical Data (continued) If the C232 is to be used for definite-time overcurrent protection, then the overdimensioning factor k that must be selected is a function, first of all, of the ratio of the maximum short-circuit current to the set operate value and, secondly, of the system time constant T .
  • Page 26 2 Technical Data (continued) / ms Required overdimensioning factor for inverse-time maximum current protection where fnom= 50 Hz 2-13 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 27 2-14 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 28 3 Operation Operation Modular Structure The C232, a numeric device, is part of the MiCOM P 30 family of devices. The device types included in this family are built from identical uniform hardware modules. Figure 3-1 shows the basic hardware structure of the C232. Basic hardware structure C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 29 3 Operation (continued) The external analog and binary quantities – electrically isolated – are converted to the internal processing levels by the input transformers and optical couplers. Commands and signals generated by the device internally are transmitted to external destinations via floating contacts.
  • Page 30 3 Operation (continued) Operator-Machine Communication The following interfaces are available for the exchange of information between operator and device: Integrated local control panel PC interface Communication interface All setting parameters and signals as well as all measured variables and control functions are arranged within the branches of the menu tree following a scheme that is uniform throughout the device family.
  • Page 31 3 Operation (continued) Configuration of the Bay Panel and of the Measured Value Panels; Selection of the Control Point (Function Group LOC) The topology of the switchbay with its switchgear units is displayed on the Bay Panel. Moreover, the C232 offers Measured Value Panels which display the measured values relevant at a given time.
  • Page 32 3 Operation (continued) Bay Panel C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 33 3 Operation (continued) Operation Panel The Operation Panel is displayed if it is activated and at least one measured value has been configured. The user can select the measured operating values that will be displayed on the Operation Panel by setting an ‘m out of n’ parameter. If more measured values are selected for display than the LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values at intervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or when the appropriate key on the local control...
  • Page 34 3 Operation (continued) Fault panel The Fault Panel is displayed in place of another data panel when there is a fault, provided that at least one measured value has been configured. The Fault Panel remains on display until the LED indicators or the fault memories are reset. The user can select the measured fault values that will be displayed on the Fault Panel by setting an 'm out of n' parameter.
  • Page 35 3 Operation (continued) Selection of the control point Switchgear units can be controlled remotely or locally. Switching between local and remote control is achieved using either the L/R key on the local control panel or an external key switch. The position of this switch is interrogated via an appropriately configured input (configuration at M AIN : In p .a s g .
  • Page 36 3 Operation (continued) Serial Interfaces The C232 has a PC interface as a standard component. Communication module A is optional and can have one or two communication channels – depending on the design version. Communication between the C232 and the control station’s computer is through the communication module.
  • Page 37 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5133A PC interface settings 3-10 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 38 IEC 870-5-101, “Telecontrol equipment and systems - Part 5: Transmission protocols - Section 101 Companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks,” first edition 1995-11 ILS-C, internal protocol of AREVA Energietechnik GmbH MODBUS DNP 3.0 In order for data transfer to function properly, several settings must be made in the C232.
  • Page 39 3 Operation (continued) "Logical" communication interface 1: selecting the interface protocol 3-12 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 40 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5129A "Logical" communication interface 1: settings for the IEC 60870-5-103 interface protocol 3-13 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 41 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5130A "Logical" communication interface 1: settings for the IEC 60870-5-101 interface protocol 3-14 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 42 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5131A 3-10 "Logical" communication interface 1: settings for the ILS_C interface protocol 3-15 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 43 3 Operation (continued) 3-11 "Logical" communication interface 1: settings for the MODBUS protocol 3-16 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 44 3 Operation (continued) 3-12 "Logical" communication interface 1: settings for DNP 3.0 3-17 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 45 3 Operation (continued) Checking spontaneous signaling For interface protocols per IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-101 or ILS-C, there is the option of selecting a signal for testing purposes. This transmission of this signal to the control station as ‘sig. start‘ or ‘sig. end‘ can then be triggered via the local control panel. 3-13 Checking spontaneous signaling 3-18...
  • Page 46 3 Operation (continued) 3.4.3 "Logical" Communication Interface 2 (Function Group COMM2) "Logical" communication interface 2 supports the IEC 60870-5-103 interface protocol. In order for data transfer to function properly, several settings must be made in the C232. 3-19 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 47 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5132A 3-14 Settings for "logical" communication interface 2. 3-20 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 48 3 Operation (continued) Checking spontaneous signaling There is the option of selecting a signal for testing purposes. This transmssion of this signal to the control station as ‘sig. start‘ or ‘sig. end‘ can then be triggered via the local control panel. 3-15 Checking spontaneous signaling 3-21...
  • Page 49 3 Operation (continued) Configuration and Operating Mode of the Binary Inputs (Function Group INP) The C232 has optical coupler inputs for processing binary signals from the substation. The functions that will be activated by triggering these binary signal inputs are defined by the configuration of the binary signal inputs.
  • Page 50 3 Operation (continued) Measured Data Input (Function Group MEASI) The C232 provides a measured data input function with one input. Direct current is fed to the C232 through this input. The input current I is displayed as a measured operating value. The current that is conditioned for monitoring purposes (I ) is also displayed as a measured operating DClin...
  • Page 51 3 Operation (continued) 3.6.1 Direct Current Input External measuring transducers normally supply an output current of 0 to 20 mA that is directly proportional to the physical quantity being measured – the temperature, for example. If the output current of the measuring transducer is directly proportional to the measured quantity only in certain ranges, linearization can be arranged –...
  • Page 52 3 Operation (continued) IDClin / IDC,nom Interpolation points IDClin20 IDClin4 IDClin3 IDClin2 IDClin1 IDC / IDC,nom IDC1 IDC2 IDC3 IDC4 IDC20 Enable IDC p.u. D5Z52KEA 3-19 Example of a characteristic having five interpolation points (characteristic with zero suppression setting of 0.1 I is shown as a broken DC,nom line)
  • Page 53 3 Operation (continued) 3-20 Analog direct current input 3-26 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 54 3 Operation (continued) Beyond the linearization described above, the user has the option of scaling the linearized values. Thus even negative values, for example, can be displayed and are available for further processing by other functions. 3-21 Scaling the linearized measured value 3-27 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 55 3 Operation (continued) Configuration, Operating Mode, and Blocking of the Output Relays (Function Group OUTP) The C232 has output relays for the output of binary signals. The binary signals to be issued are defined by configuration. Configuration of the output relays One binary signal can be assigned to each output relay.
  • Page 56 3 Operation (continued) 3-22 Configuration, setting the operating mode, and blocking the output relays 3-29 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 57 3 Operation (continued) Testing the output relays For testing purposes, the user can select an output relay and trigger it via the local control panel. Triggering persists for the duration of the set hold time. 3-23 Testing the output relays 3-30 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 58 3 Operation (continued) Configuration and Operating Mode of the LED Indicators (Function Group LED) The C232 has 13 LED indicators for the indication of binary signals. Four of the LED indicators are permanently assigned to functions. A further LED has a default assignment but may be reconfigured if required.
  • Page 59 3 Operation (continued) 3-24 Configuration and operating mode of the LED indicators 3-32 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 60 3 Operation (continued) Main Functions of the C232 (Function Group MAIN) 3.9.1 Acquisition of Binary Signals for Control In the acquisition of signals for control purposes, the functions time tagging, debouncing and chatter suppression are included as a standard. Each of these signals can be assigned to one of eight groups.
  • Page 61 3 Operation (continued) 3-25 Group assignment and setting of debouncing and chatter suppression, illustrated for group 1 3-34 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 62 3 Operation (continued) Debouncing The first pulse edge of a signal starts a timer stage running for the duration of the set debouncing time. Each pulse edge during the debouncing time retriggers the timer stage. If the signal is stable until the set debouncing time elapses, a telegram containing the time tag of the first pulse edge is generated.
  • Page 63 3 Operation (continued) Chatter suppression Sending of the first telegram starts a timer stage running for the duration of the set monitoring time. While the timer stage is elapsing, telegrams are generated for the admissible signal changes. The user can set the number of admissible signal changes. After the first “inadmissible”...
  • Page 64 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.2 Bay Type Selection The C232 is designed for the control of up to 6 switchgear units. The topology of a switchbay with its switchgear units is defined by the bay type. The C232 offers a selection from pre-defined bay types. Should the required bay type be missing from the standard selection then the user can contact the manufacturer of the C232 to request the definition of a customized bay type for loading into the C232.
  • Page 65 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.3 Conditioning the Measured Variables Different combinations of fitted measuring transformers for the acquisition of current and voltage values are available depending on the selected model and the options specified in ordering. The C232 recognizes the fitted transformer combination during startup. Depending on this combination, measured value assignments can be performed.
  • Page 66 3 Operation (continued) 3-29 Connecting the C232 measuring circuits 3-39 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 67 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.4 Operating Data Measurement The C232 is provided with an operating data measurement function for the display of the measured currents and voltages and the variables derived from these measured values . The currents need to exceed 0.01 I for measured values to be determined;...
  • Page 68 3 Operation (continued) Measured current values The measured current values are displayed both as per-unit quantities referred to the nominal quantities of the C232 and as primary quantities. In order for values to be displayed as primary values, the primary nominal current of the system transformer needs to be set in the C232.
  • Page 69 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5134A 3-30 Measured operating data - phase current 3-42 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 70 3 Operation (continued) Delayed maximum phase current display The C232 offers the option of delayed display of the maximum value of the three phase currents. The delayed maximum phase current display is an exponential function of the maximum phase current I (see upper curve in Figure 3-31).
  • Page 71 3 Operation (continued) 3-31 Operation of delayed and stored maximum phase current display 3-44 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 72 3 Operation (continued) Measured voltage values The measured voltage values are displayed both as per-unit quantities referred to the nominal quantities of the C232 and as primary quantities. In order for values to be displayed as primary values, the primary nominal voltage of the system transformer needs to be set in the C232.
  • Page 73 3 Operation (continued) 3-33 Measured operating data - phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase voltages 3-46 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 74 3 Operation (continued) Measured values for power, active power factor, and load angle Where current and voltage are available as operating data, the C232 determines the active and reactive power plus the active power factor. Power is displayed with a plus or minus sign governed by the angle between current and voltage.
  • Page 75 3 Operation (continued) 3-34 Measured operating data - power, active power factor, and angle 3-48 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 76 3 Operation (continued) Frequency If the C232 measures at least one voltage and if this voltage has an amplitude in the range 0.1 V < V < 1.35 V , the frequency is determined. 3-35 Frequency measurement 3-49 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 77 3 Operation (continued) Active and reactive energy output and input The C232 determines the active and reactive energy output and input based on the primary active or reactive power. Once the maximum value of energy output or input is reached, integration begins again from zero. Energy output and input can be reset jointly at M A I N : R e s e t m e a s .
  • Page 78 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.5 Configuring and Enabling the Device Functions The user can adapt the unit to the requirements of a specific high-voltage system by configuring the device functions. By including the desired device functions in the configuration and canceling all others, the user creates an individually configured unit appropriate for the specific application.
  • Page 79 3 Operation (continued) Enabling or disabling a device function Besides canceling device functions from the configuration, it is also possible to disable protection via a function parameter or binary signal inputs. Protection can only be disabled or enabled through binary signal inputs if the M A I N : D i s a b l e p r o t e c t . E X T and M A I N : E n a b l e p r o t e c t .
  • Page 80 3 Operation (continued) Enabling or disabling the residual current systems of the DTOC/IDMT protection The function can be disabled or enabled from the integrated local control panel or through appropriately configured binary signal inputs. Whether the enabling of the residual current systems of the DTOC/IDMT protection by one of these two means is effective depends on the setting at M AIN : Sys t .
  • Page 81 3 Operation (continued) 3-38 Enabling or disabling the residual current systems of the DTOC/IDMT protection 3-54 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 82 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.6 Activation of Dynamic Parameters For several of the protection functions, it is possible to switch for the duration of the set hold time to other settings - the "dynamic parameters" – through an appropriately configured binary signal input. If the hold time is set to 0 s, the switching is effective while the binary signal input is being triggered.
  • Page 83 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.7 Inrush Stabilization (Harmonic Restraint) The inrush stabilization function detects high inrush current flows that occur when transformers or machines are connected. The function will then block the following functions: The phase current starting of definite-time overcurrent protection (DTOC) The phase current starting and the negative-sequence current starting of inverse-time overcurrent protection (IDMT) The inrush stabilization function identifies an inrush current by evaluating the ratio of the...
  • Page 84 3 Operation (continued) 3-40 Inrush stabilization (harmonic restraint) 3-57 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 85 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.8 Function Blocks By inclusion of the function blocks in the bay interlock conditions, switching operations can be prevented independently of the switching status at the time, for example, by an external signal ”CB drive not ready” or by the trip command of an external protection device.
  • Page 86 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.9 Multiple Blocking Two multiple blocking conditions may be defined by selecting 'm out of n' parameters. The items available for selection are found in the Address List. In this way the functions defined by the selection can be blocked by way of an appropriately configured binary signal input.
  • Page 87 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.10 Blocked / Faulty (OUT OF SERVICE) If the protection functions are blocked, this condition is signaled by a steady light from yellow LED indicator H 2 on the local control panel and also by a signal through the output relay configured for M AIN : Bl o c k e d /fa u l ty.
  • Page 88 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.11 Coupling between Control and Protection for the CB Closed Signal Bay type selection defines the external device (DEV01 or DEV02 or ...) that represents the circuit breaker. Coupling between control and protection for the “Closed” position signal is achieved by the setting M AIN : Si g .
  • Page 89 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.12 Close Command The circuit breaker can be closed by the auto-reclosing control function (ARC) integrated into the C232, from the integrated local control panel, or via an appropriately configured binary signal input. The close command via local control panel or binary signal input is only executed if there is no trip command and no trip has been issued by a parallel protection device.
  • Page 90 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.13 Multiple Signaling The multiple signals 1 and 2 are formed by the programmable logic function using OR operators. The programmable logic output to be interpreted as multiple signaling is defined by the configuration of the input assignment of the relevant multiple signal. Both an updated and a stored signal are generated.
  • Page 91 3 Operation (continued) 3-46 Multiple Signaling 3-64 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 92 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.14 Starting Signals and Tripping Logic Phase-selective starting signals Common phase-selective starting signals are formed from the internal phase-selective starting signals of definite-time overcurrent protection and of inverse-time overcurrent protection. An adjustable timer stage is started by the phase-selective starting signals and by the signals of residual current starting and negative-sequence system starting.
  • Page 93 3 Operation (continued) 3-47 Phase-selective starting signals 3-66 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 94 3 Operation (continued) General starting The general starting signal is formed from the starting signals of the DTOC and IDMT protection functions. A setting governs whether the residual current stages and the negative-sequence current stage will be involved in forming the general starting signal. If the operate signal of a residual current stage and the negative-sequence current stage does not cause a general starting (due to the setting) then the associated operate delays will be blocked.
  • Page 95 3 Operation (continued) Multiple signaling of the DTOC and IDMT protection functions The trip signals generated by DTOC and IDMT protection are grouped together to form multiple signals. 3-49 Multiple signaling of the DTOC and IDMT protection functions 3-68 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 96 3 Operation (continued) Trip command The C232 has two trip commands. The functions to effect a trip can be selected by setting an 'm out of n' parameter independently for each of the two trip commands. The minimum trip command time may be set. The trip signals are present only as long as the conditions for the signal are satisfied.
  • Page 97 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5116A 3-50 Forming the trip commands 3-70 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 98 3 Operation (continued) Manual trip command A manual trip command may be issued via the local control panel or a signal input configured accordingly. It is not executed, however, unless the manual trip is included in the selection of possible functions to effect a trip. 3-51 Manual trip command Trip command counter...
  • Page 99 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.15 CB Trip Signal The signal M AIN : C B tr i p i n te r n a l is issued if the following conditions are simultaneously met: The input configured for “tripping” is set to a logic value of '1' or the selected trip command of the C232 is present.
  • Page 100 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5117A 3-53 CB trip signal 3-73 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 101 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.16 Enable for Switch Commands Issued by the Control Functions Before a switching device within the bay is closed or opened by the control functions of the C232, the C232 first checks whether the switch command may be executed. A switch command will be executed if the optional control enable has been issued and the interlock conditions are met.
  • Page 102 3 Operation (continued) 3-54 General enable for switch commands issued by the control functions; activating or canceling the interlocks 3-75 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 103 3 Operation (continued) 3-55 Rejection of the switching commands 3-76 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 104 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.17 Monitoring the Switchgear Unit Motors For bays with direct motor drive control of switch disconnectors, disconnectors or grounding switches, a monitoring function is provided to protect the motors from overheating. The number of switching operations within a set monitoring period is counted. If the number of control actions within the monitoring period exceeds the set limit, the signal M AIN : M o n .
  • Page 105 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.18 Communication Error If a link to the control station can not be established or if the link is interrupted, the signal Communication error will be issued. 22Z5118A 3-57 Communication error 3-78 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 106 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.19 Time Tagging and Clock Synchronization The data stored in the operating data memory, the monitoring signal memory, and the event memories are tagged with date and time of day. For correct time tagging, the date and time need to be set in the C232. The time of different devices may be synchronized by a pulse through an appropriately configured binary signal input.
  • Page 107 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.20 Resetting Mechanisms Stored data such as event logs, measured fault data, etc., can be cleared in a number of different ways. The following mechanisms are available: Automatic resetting of the event signals indicated by LED indicators (provided that the LED operating mode has been set accordingly) and of the display of measured fault data on the local control panel whenever a new event occurs.
  • Page 108 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.21 Assignment of the “Logical” Communication Interfaces to the Physical Communication Channels Depending on the design, one or two communication channels are available (see “Technical Data”). The "logical" communication interfaces COMM1 and COMM2 can be assigned to these physical communication channels. If the COMM1 "logical"...
  • Page 109 3 Operation (continued) 3.9.22 Test Mode If tests are run on the C232, the user is advised to activate the test mode so that all incoming signals via the serial interfaces will be identified accordingly. 3-61 Setting the test mode 3-82 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 110 3 Operation (continued) 3.10 Parameter Subset Selection (Function Group PSS) The C232 allows the user to pre-set four independent parameter subsets. The user can switch between parameter subsets during operation without interrupting the protection function. Selecting the parameter subset The control path that will determine the active parameter subset (function parameter or binary signal input) can be selected via the function parameter P S S : C o n t r o l v i a U S E R or the external signal P S S : C o n t r o l v i a u s e r E X T .
  • Page 111 3 Operation (continued) 3-62 Activating the parameter subsets 3-84 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 112 3 Operation (continued) 3.11 Self-Monitoring (Function Group SFMON) Comprehensive monitoring routines in the C232 ensure that internal faults are detected and do not lead to malfunctions. Tests during startup After the supply voltage has been turned on, various tests are carried out to verify full operability of the C232.
  • Page 113 3 Operation (continued) Device response The response of the C232 is a function of the type of monitoring signal. The following responses are possible: Signaling Only If there is no malfunction associated with the monitoring signal, then only a signal is issued, and there are no further consequences.
  • Page 114 3 Operation 3.12 Operating Data Recording (Function Group OP_RC) For the continuous recording of processes in system operation as well as of events, a non-volatile ring memory is provided. The operationally relevant signals, each fully tagged with date and time at signal start and signal end, are entered in chronological order.
  • Page 115 3 Operation (Fortsetzung) 3.13 Monitoring Signal Recording (Function Group MT_RC) The monitoring signals generated by the self-monitoring function are recorded in the monitoring signal memory. A listing of all possible entries in this monitoring signal memory is given in the address list (see Appendix). The memory depth allows for a maximum of 30 entries.
  • Page 116 3 Operation (continued) 3.14 Fault Data Acquisition (Function Group FT_DA) When there is a fault in the system, the C232 collects the following measured fault data: Running time Fault duration Fault current (short-circuit current) Ground fault current Running time and fault duration The running time is defined as the time between the start and end of the general starting signal that is generated within the C232, and the fault duration is defined as the time...
  • Page 117 3 Operation (continued) Fault data acquisition time The F T _ D A : S t a r t d a t a a c q u . setting governs the point during a fault at which the measured fault data are acquired. The following settings are possible: End of fault Acquisition at the end of the fault.
  • Page 118 3 Operation (continued) Fault data acquisition The fault must last for at least 60 ms so that the fault data can be determined. The fault data are determined using the maximum phase current and the geometric sum of the three phase currents. Fault current and ground fault current are displayed as per-unit quantities referred to .
  • Page 119 3 Operation (continued) Fault data reset After the reset key ‘C’ on the local control panel is pressed, the fault data value is displayed as ‘Not measured’. However, the values are not erased and can continue to be read out through the PC and communication interfaces. 3-92 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 120 3 Operation (continued) 3.15 Fault Recording (Function Group FT_RC) Start of fault recording A fault exists, and therefore fault recording begins, if at least one of the following signals is present: MAIN: General starting MAIN: Gen. Trip signal 1 MAIN: Gen. trip signal 2 FT_RC: Trigger FT_RC: I>...
  • Page 121 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5120A 3-69 Start of fault recording and fault counter 3-94 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 122 3 Operation (continued) Time tagging The date that is assigned to each fault by the internal clock is stored. A fault’s individual start or end signals are likewise time-tagged by the internal clock. The date and time assigned to a fault when the fault begins can be read out from the fault memory on the local control panel or through the PC and communication interfaces.
  • Page 123 3 Operation (continued) 3-70 Fault memory 3-96 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 124 3 Operation (continued) Fault value recording The following analog signals are recorded: Phase currents Phase-to-ground voltage V Residual current, evaluated by the C232 The signals are recorded before, during and after a fault. The times for recording before and after the fault can be set. A maximum time period of 6 s (50 Hz) is available for recording.
  • Page 125 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5121A 3-71 Fault value recording 3-98 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 126 3 Operation (continued) 3.16 Definite-Time Overcurrent Protection (Function Group DTOC) A three-stage definite-time overcurrent protection function (DTOC protection) is implemented in the C232. Two separate measuring systems are available for this purpose: Phase currents system Residual currents system Disabling or enabling DTOC protection DTOC protection can be disabled or enabled from the local control panel.
  • Page 127 3 Operation (continued) 3-73 Phase current stages 3-100 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 128 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5122A 3-74 Trip signals of the DTOC phase current stages 3-101 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 129 3 Operation (continued) Enabling or disabling the residual current systems of DTOC protection The residual current systems of DTOC protection can be disabled or enabled from the local control panel or via binary signal inputs. Residual current stages The residual current is monitored with three-stage functions to detect when it exceeds the set thresholds.
  • Page 130 3 Operation (continued) 3-76 Residual current stages 3-103 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 131 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5124A 3-77 Trip signals of the DTOC residual current stages Hold-time logic for the treatment of intermittent ground faults A hold-time logic for the treatment of intermittent ground faults is implemented in the C232. As the I >...
  • Page 132 3 Operation (continued) 3-78 Hold-time logic for definite-time characteristics 3-105 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 133 3 Operation (continued) 3-79 Signal flow for values below the accumulation limit value 3-106 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 134 3 Operation (continued) 3-80 Signal flow for values at the accumulation limit value 3-107 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 135 3 Operation (continued) 3.17 Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection (Function Group IDMT) The inverse-time overcurrent protection (IDMT) function operates with three separate measuring systems: Phase currents Negative-sequence current Residual current Disabling or enabling IDMT protection IDMT protection can be disabled or enabled from the integrated local control panel. Moreover, enabling can be carried out separately for each parameter set.

  • Page 136: Table Of Contents

    3 Operation (continued) Tripping Formula for the Constants Formula for the Characteristic Tripping Release Characteristic Characteristic k = 0.01 to 10.00 0 Definite Time Per IEC 255-3 ⋅     −     1 Standard Inverse 0.14 0.02 2 Very Inverse...

  • Page 137: Per Iec

    3 Operation (continued) IEC 255-3, Standard Inverse IEC 255-3, Very Inverse 1000 1000 k=10 k=10 k=0.1 k=0.05 k=0.1 k=0.05 0.01 0.01 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 I/Iref I/Iref...
  • Page 138 3 Operation (continued) IEEE C37.112, Moderately Inverse IEEE C37.112, Very Inverse 1000 1000 k=10 k=10 k=0.1 k=0.1 k=0.05 k=0.05 0.01 0.01 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 I/Iref I/Iref...
  • Page 139 3 Operation (continued) ANSI, Normally Inverse ANSI, Short Time Inverse 1000 1000 k=10 k=10 k=0.1 k=0.1 0.01 0.01 k=0.05 k=0.05 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 I/Iref I/Iref...
  • Page 140 3 Operation (continued) RI-Type Inverse RXIDG-Type Inverse 1000 1000 k=10 k=10 k=0.1 k=0.1 k=0.05 k=0.05 0.01 0.01 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 I/Iref I/Iref S8Z50KBA...
  • Page 141 3 Operation (continued) Phase current stage The three phase currents are monitored by the C232 to detect when they exceed the set thresholds. Alternatively, two different threshold types can be active. The “dynamic” threshold is active for the set hold time of the “dynamic parameters” (see “Activation of Dynamic Parameters”);...
  • Page 142 3 Operation (continued) 3-86 Phase current stage 3-115 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 143 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5125A 3-87 Trip signal of the phase current stage Negative-sequence current stage The C232 determines the negative-sequence current – based on the set rotary field – according to the following formulas: Clockwise rotating field: ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ Anticlockwise rotating field: ⋅...
  • Page 144 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5126A 3-88 Negative-sequence current stage 3-117 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 145 3 Operation (continued) Residual current The C232 will use the residual current calculated from the three phase currents as the residual current. 22Z5127A 3-89 Selecting the measured variable Residual current stage The residual current is monitored by the C232 to detect when it exceeds the set thresholds.
  • Page 146 3 Operation (continued) 3-90 Residual current stage 3-119 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 147 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5128A 3-91 Trip signal of the residual current stage Holding time As a function of the current, the C232 will determine the tripping time and start a timer stage. The setting for the holding time defines the period for the elapsed IDMT starting time to be stored after the starting has dropped out.
  • Page 148 3 Operation (continued) 3-92. The effect of the holding time illustrated for the phase current stage as an example Case A: The determined tripping time is not reached. Case B: The determined tripping time is reached 3-121 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 149 3 Operation (continued) 3.18 Limit Value Monitoring (Function Group LIMIT) Disabling or enabling limit value monitoring Limit value monitoring can be disabled or enabled from the integrated local control panel. Monitoring phase currents and phase voltages The C232 offers the possibility of monitoring the following measured values to determine if they exceed a set upper limit value or fall below a set lower limit value: Maximum phase current Minimum phase current...
  • Page 150 3 Operation (continued) 3-93 Limit value monitoring of minimum and maximum phase current 3-123 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 151 3 Operation (continued) 22Z5135A 3-94 Limit value monitoring of maximum and minimum phase-to-phase voltage and maximum and minimum phase-to-ground voltage 3-124 C232-302-401/402/403/404-603 / C232/EN M/A23...
  • Page 152 3 Operation (continued) Monitoring the neutral- displacement voltage The neutral-displacement voltage calculated from the three phase-to-ground voltages is monitored by two stages to determine whether it exceeds set thresholds. If the thresholds are exceeded, a signal is issued after the set timer stage has elapsed. 3-95 Monitoring the neutral-displacement voltage 3-125...
  • Page 153 3 Operation (continued) Monitoring the linearized measured DC values The direct current that is linearized by analog measured data input is monitored by two stages to determine if it exceeds or falls below set thresholds. If it exceeds or falls below the thresholds, a signal is issued once a set time period has elapsed.
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