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RR
and RD
®
DESIGN AND INSTALLATION MANUAL
This manual deals with driven and jacked SSAB's RR and RRs piles, shaft grouted driven
CSG-RR piles and drilled RD and RDs piles. It covers all SSAB's steel pile sizes. The manual is
based on the piling instructions of the Finnish Piling Manual PO-2016 and the Eurocodes system.
The manual describes the basics of the design and dimensioning of SSAB's steel piles and pile
foundations according to Finnish application of Eurocodes, gives recommendations on the
selection of pile type and size and provides advice on the handling and installation, quality control,
measurements and documentation of piling. The manual includes pre-calculated dimensioning
tables and design and implementation examples to facilitate the design and implementation of
piling. When SSAB steel piles are used outside Finland, national requirements (implementation
and national annexes of Eurocodes) shall be taken into account in design and execution of piles.
SSAB's RR, RRs, RD and RDs piles have European Technical Assessment ETA 12/0526.
Applications:
• 1 and 2 family houses
• single- and multi-storey commercial, office, industrial and storage buildings
• multi-storey residential buildings
• sports arenas
• underpinning of foundations
• bridges
• pile slabs and other structures for transport infrastructure and
municipal engineering
• noise barriers and fences
• ports
• wind turbines and other power plants
SSAB is a Nordic and US-based steel company. SSAB offers value added products and services developed in close cooperation with its customers to create
a stronger, lighter and more sustainable world. SSAB has employees in over 50 countries. SSAB has production facilities in Sweden, Finland and the US.
SSAB is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Nordic Exchange in Stockholm and has a secondary listing on the NASDAQ OMX in Helsinki. www.ssab.com.
www.ssab.com/infra
piles
®
ETA 12/0526
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Summary of Contents for Ssab RR75
- Page 1 ETA 12/0526 SSAB is a Nordic and US-based steel company. SSAB offers value added products and services developed in close cooperation with its customers to create a stronger, lighter and more sustainable world. SSAB has employees in over 50 countries. SSAB has production facilities in Sweden, Finland and the US.
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
5.12 Dimensioning tables for RR and RRs piles, pile sizes RR75 to RR320/12.5...... - Page 3 7.3.4 Additional installation instructions and splicing of RR75 to RR220 piles ......
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Page 4: General
It covers the entire the pile material. pile structure, manifests the requirements and conformity Table 1. Standard steel grades of SSAB’s steel piles, against special order, the piles may also be delivered in X grades ac- cording to API5L standard. Carbon Steel grade Chemical composition, max. -
Page 5: Small Diameter Rr And Rrs Piles
2.3.2 Pile sections, pipes and splices A pile section consists of a pile pipe and the attached Figure 1. Structure and parts of RR piles, pile sizes RR75 external splice sleeve. The mill lengths of RR pile sections to RR220. -
Page 6: Pile Shoes
RR115/8 layers. Rock shoes make it possible for piles to penetrate RRs115/8 compact or rocky soil layers better and remain straighter. SSAB's pile shoes are dimensioned to withstand the RRs125/6.3 stresses from pile installation and use, provided that the RR140/8 instructions of Sec. -
Page 7: Large Diameter Rr Piles
RR400 406.4 RR450 457.0 RR500 508.0 RR550 559.0 RR600 610.0 RR650 660.0 RR700 711.0 RR750 762.0 RR800 813.0 RR900 914.0 RR1000 1016.0 RR1200 1220.0 Steel grades S440J2H, S550J2H and S355J2H Steel grades S440J2H and S355J2H Check availability from SSAB sales. -
Page 8: Pile Shoes
Open ended piles are often equipped with a so-called dowel or a hardened rock dowel. SSAB also delivers rock reinforcement ring to protect the lower end. The shoes fitted with a hollow dowel, which allows drilling, for... -
Page 9: Rd And Rds Piles
S420MH steel grade. RD270 to RD320 piles made of S355J2H steel grade are also available. All steel grades of SSAB's steel of RD piles are presented in Table 8. Dimensions RD400, pile products can be used as steel grades of RD400 to RD500, RD600, RD700, RD800, RD900, RD1000 and RD1200 piles. -
Page 10: Splicing And Steel Grade Selection Of Rd Piles
The piles are delivered either as pile pipes or RD pipe sections a top hammer is used. Instructions for the handling and with threaded ends. The lengths of pile pipes and sections are installation of splices, as well as the dimensions of threaded shown in Table 9. -
Page 11: Shaft Grouted Rr Piles (Csg-Rr Piles)
[mm] collar capacity of the pile shaft is improved by Continuous [mm] Shaft Grouting using cement grout. Shaft grouted piles CSG-RR75 76.1 127.0 are suitable for use in friction soil layers where their CSG-RR90 88.9 139.7... -
Page 12: Bearing Plates
4520 and RD piles in Table 14. S550J2H *) Product not in stock **) Pile sizes RR75 to RR220/10 of steel grades S440J2H and S550J2H with same bearing plates Table 13. Dimensions and geometrical sectional properties of RR and RD micropiles. - Page 13 Table 14. Dimensions and geometrical sectional properties of RR and RD large diameter piles ® ® = Area of steel cross-section = Pile impedance Sectional properties incl. corrosion allowances = Pile surface area = Moment of inertia of 1.2 mm and 2.0 mm = Area of pile toe = Elastic modulus [mm]...
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Page 14: Design Standards And Implementation Control
When a structure is set strict positional and verticality Pile loads tolerances, like, for instance, railway bridges built using SSAB's steel piles can be divided according to pile sizes the bridge-moving technique, where a large diameter and applications based on pile loads, for example, as... -
Page 15: Structural And Geotechnical Design Of Piles
With RD piles, the lowest piling class allowed by • determination of corrosion allowance the consequence class and geotechnical class is • RR75 to RR320 and RD90 to RD320 normal cases, recommended. Tables 22 and 23 • dimensioning program for RR and RD piles Considering installation equipment in design and (www.ssab.com/infra) -
Page 16: Actions And Design Situations
8) Structural design of a pile foundation information. Valid guidelines of the Finnish Transport • Pile foundations are always designed together with Agency are observed in infrastructure construction. the structures to be supported on it, which allows Geotechnical investigations must be complemented with selecting the most suitable shape, dimensions sufficiently extensive investigations of nearby structures and stiffness for the entire structure. -
Page 17: Resistances Determined By Stress Wave Analysis
RR75 to RR75 to RR1200 in all piling classes. Dynamic load tests RR320 piles in piling classes PTL1 and PTL2. must always be used at building construction sites where driven piles are used and the piling class is PTL3. -
Page 18: Resistances Determined On The Basis Of Ground Test Results
5.5.5 Resistances determined by pile driving 5.5.6.2 Geotechnical resistance of grouted CSG-RR piles formulas bearing on a soil layer Pile driving formulas can be used in piling class PTL1 or PTL2, The dimensioning geotechnical diameter of shaft grouted for example, in situations where, according to the end- piles (d ) may be larger than the diameter of the collar of-driving table, the used pile driver is not able to mobilise... -
Page 19: Resistances Determined By Static Load Tests
The quality of the rock contact of RD piles is ensured by 5.5.7 Resistances determined by static load tests drilling the pile at least 3 . d deep, but no less than 0.5 m, in solid bedrock. With larger drilled piles, over 300 mm in Static load tests are used mainly in the geotechnical diameter, 3 ... -
Page 20: Structural Resistance During Service
Table 19 presents some indicative values for average surface corrosion of steel piles in some conditions. The recommendations of the table were originally presented in Table 18. Initial deflection values used with SSAB’s steel standard EN 1993-5. piles in design. - Page 21 Table 19. Average surface corrosion [mm] of unprotected steel piles in soil above and below ground water level. Target service life 5 years 25 years 50 years 75 years 100 years Normal conditions Undisturbed natural soils (sand, silt, clay, …) 0.00 0.30 0.60...
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Page 22: Vertical Displacements Of Pile Foundation
In uncertain cases it is advisable to overdimension 5.8 Vertical displacements of pile foundation excessively or use corrosion protection. If necessary, vertical displacements of pile foundations The usualness of conditions is established on the basis are analysed according to PO-2016, Sec. 4.5.4. An of geotechnical investigations and historical data on the analysis of settlements is generally not needed with steel area when there is no reason to assume the soil to be... -
Page 23: Transversely Loaded Steel Piles
5.12 Dimensioning tables for RR and RRs piles, pile section is presented in detail in the RRPileCalc program manual. sizes RR75 to RR320/12.5 Concrete creep and the share of dead load of the overall load is The design values of the geotechnical resistance of RR considered in determining the effective elastic modulus and RRs piles have been determined according to Sec. - Page 24 Design value of structural compression resistance R [kN] Design values of geo- Pile Initial deflection grade undrained shear strength c [kPa] technical resistance R [kN] PTL1 PTL2 PTL3 /400 RR75 S460MH /600 /400 RR90 S460MH /600 /400 RRs100/6.3 S550J2H /600 /400 RR115/6.3 S460MH...
- Page 25 Table 23. Design values for structural compressive resistance of RD and RDs piles. Dimensioned as a composite Dimensioned as a steel structure structure C30/37 Corrosion allowance 1.2 mm Corrosion allowance 2.0 mm Corrosion allowance 2.0 mm Shear strength c [kPa] Shear strength c [kPa] Shear strength c...
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Page 26: Design Of Pile Foundations
Table 24. Recommended minimum centre-to-centre spacing 6.4 Distances between piles and other structures of SSAB’s steel piles [mm] according to PO-2016 [mm]. The minimum distances between piles and other Pile min c/c [mm]... -
Page 27: Pile Inclinations
Small diameter RR, CSG-RR and RD piles From the viewpoint of the installation work, however, (RR75– RR/RD320): it is not advisable without justification to apply stricter tolerances to RD piles than those presented below: • individual vertical or raking pile, pile slab or bearing plate structure: • vertical and raking piles: horizontal position measured... -
Page 28: Impact Of Piling On Previously Installed Piles, Other Foundation Structures And Immediate Surroundings
”Piles and pile accessories, recommendations for safe handling for the customer" The environmental impacts of driven and drilled piles (www.ssab.com/infra). can be estimated as described in PO-2016, Part 2, Sec. 4.7. The selection of pile type, piling method and... -
Page 29: Installation Of Rr Piles
The stability of the piling rig must be considered in erection, Pile [kg/m] and the weight and reach limitations and instructions for RR75 10.8 1000 the rig must be taken into account in lifting. RR90 12.8... - Page 30 If the used lower part of the helmet is the square shaped are also suitable for the installation of larger piles, if full ”box” used with precast concrete piles, it is recommended geotechnical compressive resistance is not required of the that a steel adapter be always used on the pile head in piles.
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Page 31: Start Of Installation
simulations based on the stress wave theory. Based on the sufficiently high compressive force during the installation. In above analysis, the end-of-driving instructions present pile piling class PTL1 with clear and sufficiently well-known soil sizes and lengths suitable for different hammers. On the conditions, sufficient geotechnical resistance can be assumed basis of simulations, when using pneumatic hammers slightly if pile lengths and soil survey results support each other. -
Page 32: Additional Installation Instructions And Splicing Of Rr75 To Rr220 Piles
7.5. Before splicing, the condition of the upper end of the pile is inspected and a damaged part is repaired or removed. The driving of RR75 to RR220 piles is usually started with an unspliced pile section, for example, a piece cut-off When large diameter piles with a closed shoe are installed in earlier. -
Page 33: End Of Driving Of An End-Bearing Pile With A Drop Or Hydraulic Hammer
Appendix 3 can The driving of an end-bearing pile can be stopped when be used as end-of-driving criteria for pile sizes RR75 to the pile tip is close to the designed target level and the RR400. -
Page 34: Preparation Of End-Of-Driving Instructions For Large Diameter Piles In Piling Classes Ptl3 And Ptl2
7.3.9 Preparation of end-of-driving instructions for for drop and hydraulic hammers. In the case of large large diameter piles in piling classes PTL3 and diameter piles with no predefined end-of-driving criteria, PTL2 project-specific driving instructions are also prepared in piling class PTL2. Project-specific driving instructions are In the beginning of piling, test piles are installed at spots recommended for friction piles also in PTL2. -
Page 35: Start Of Installation
A guide sleeve attaches the drill rods inside the RD pile wings are opened. After drilling, the drill rods are rotated in to the DTH hammer, which, again, is attached to the drill the opposite direction to drilling whereby the reamer wings bit by the shank adapter of the guide device above the close and whole drill bit can be removed from inside the RD pilot bit. - Page 36 drill bit (ring bit) must be able to withstand the same loads Disturbance and an increase in pore water pressure can during use as the pile. The manufacturer of the casing be prevented, for instance, by: shoe and drill bit is liable for their strength according to • selecting a drilling method suited to the ground Ch.
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Page 37: Handling And Installation Of Threaded Rd Pile Sections And Threaded Sleeves
7.4.4 Handling and installation of threaded RD pile equipment, the direction of rotation of the drill bit is sections and threaded sleeves counterclockwise meaning that the threads of piles and sleeves must correspondingly be right-handed. 7.4.4.1 Reception and inspection Handedness can also be checked by turning the sleeve onto Pile sections are delivered to site with the taper threads the pile. -
Page 38: Splicing Of Steel Pipe Piles By Welding
Removal of the burr is generally unnecessary when using the most common All steels used in SSAB's steel piles are highly weldable. drill bits, but the burr should be considered when choosing the pilot bit. The internal burr can be removed by special 7.5.1 Welding Plan... -
Page 39: Qualification Of Welders
Pipe Butt splice Group of basic materials according to CEN ISO/TR 15608 and CEN ISO/TR 20172:2009 (qualifies for SSAB steel grades S355 to S460 and X60) Base-coated electrode t10.0 Weld test on pipe of 10 mm wall thickness, qualifies for thicknesses t = 3 to 20 mm D168 Test on pipe 168 mm in diameter, qualifies for diameters D ≥... -
Page 40: Welding Procedures
+300 °C to and impact-strength requirements of the steel grade +400 °C for 2 to 3 hours. of the piles according to Table 30 or SSAB’s manual ”Kuumavalssatut kelat ja -levyt, Materiaalivalinta, When welding is finished, the coils of tubular cored Hitsausaineet”. -
Page 41: Joint Preparation
sufficiently lit. Anvils should be level and stable so the welder of the same steel as the pile sections to be connected. can carry out his work properly and safely. Ceramic backings can also be used. The backing should be of sufficient width, usually no less than 50 mm, and at For welding in sub-zero conditions, it is important to least 5 mm thick. -
Page 42: Preheating
More detailed instructions for the selection undercuts, defects breaking the surface, etc. of preheating can be found for example, in SSAB’s manual “Hot rolled steel plates, sheets and coils. Welding”. Usually, for At piling class 2 sites, the welder is usually required to make... -
Page 43: Pile Cut-Off
NDT tests may be carried out and rated only by an 7.7 Pile cleaning inspector with adequate qualification. Level 2 of standard EN 473 can be considered adequate qualification. The The cleanness of RR and RD piles with a closed lower end to tests are documented for each joint in a test record to be be concreted is checked before concreting and any possible attached to the inspection record of the piling. -
Page 44: Bearing Plate Installation
7.10.2 Driving of pile into soil and its splicing The maximum water-cement ratio of grouting mortar is 0.6. With pile diameters under 200 mm (RR75 to RR/RD170), A grouted driven RR pile must be installed without grouting mortar is used in pile concreting. Concrete can be interruption or damage to the pile. -
Page 45: Supervision And Quality Control Of Piling Work, Measurements
The water-cement ratio of the grout must be suitable Curvature of RR75 to RR/RD140/10 based on torch method for the ground conditions, in any event lower than 0.55. The compressive strength of grout at 28 days must be at least 25 MPa (C20/25). -
Page 46: Testing Of Piles
Instructions on the safe handling of SSAB's steel piles are found in “Piles and pile accessories, recommendations for 8.4 Testing of piles safe handling on site”... -
Page 47: End-Of-Driving Tables
11. END-OF-DRIVING TABLES Drop and hydraulic hammers up to 2000 kg have been analyzed using the SELF PJ hammer model created for 11.1 General GRLWEAP using typical moving part dimensions based on hammer weight. Drop and hydraulic hammers have been The end-of-driving tables and graphs have been prepared on calculated with the same driving equipment model using the basis of analyses made using the GRLWEAP program built... -
Page 48: Hydraulic Rams And Pneumatic Hammers
Example 1: 11.3.2 Instructions for use of end-of-driving graphs and tables Pile RR170/10, length 20 m, driving equipment: 4 t hydraulic hammer, design value of geotechnical The end-of-driving settlement (mm/30 s) corresponding resistance is the maximum value for PTL2 (R = 893kN). - Page 49 Example: Furukawa F19 hydraulic hammer, pile RRs115/8, piling class PTL2, pile length 10 m. Piles have two R values: 535 kN and 560 kN. The end-of-driving settlement corresponding to R value 535 kN given in the table is 32 mm/30 s. The R value 560 kN is converted to a geotechnical ultimate resistance (R ) as follows: 1.764 * 560 kN = 988 kN.
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Page 50: Of Large Diameter Rr Piles
R of large diameter RR piles Table 1A: R values of driven RR75 to RR320 piles, that is, maximum c;max impact resistance values by piling classes Table 1B: Corresponding values of RR400 to RR1200 piles and design values for centric load... - Page 51 Table 1B. R values [kN] of RR400 to RR1200 piles c;max Standard Pile Piling class PTL1 Piling class PTL2 Piling class PTL3 rock shoe Steel grade S355J2H S440J2H S550J2H S355J2H S440J2H S550J2H S355J2H S440J2H S550J2H RR400/8 1919 2379 2974 2559 3172 3965 3199...
- Page 52 4705 5882 5062 6274 7842 6327 7842 9803 11610 RR700/18 4259 5278 6598 5678 7038 8797 7098 8797 10997 11610 RR700/20 4718 5848 6291 7797 7864 9747 11610 *) pile size not in normal production, check availability from SSAB sales...
- Page 53 12207 15259 12311 15259 19074 19260 RR1200/20 8194 10156 10925 13541 13656 16926 19260 RR1200/23 9399 * 11650 * 12532 * 15533 * 15665 * 19416 * 19260 *) pile size not in normal production, check availability from SSAB sales...
- Page 54 SSAB has employees in over 50 countries. SSAB has production facilities in Sweden, Finland and the US. SSAB is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Nordic Exchange in Stockholm and has a secondary listing on the www.ssab.com...
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