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E X PE R I M E NT M A N UA L
Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizerstr. 5-7, 70184 Stuttgart, Germany | +49 (0) 711 2191-0 | www.kosmos.de
Thames & Kosmos, 301 Friendship St., Providence, RI, 02903, USA | 1-800-587-2872 | www.thamesandkosmos.com
Thames & Kosmos UK Ltd, Goudhurst, Kent, TN17 2QZ , United Kingdom | 01580 212000 | www.thamesandkosmos.co.uk
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Related Manuals for Thames & Kosmos Gyroscopes & Flywheels
Summary of Contents for Thames & Kosmos Gyroscopes & Flywheels
- Page 1 E X PE R I M E NT M A N UA L Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizerstr. 5-7, 70184 Stuttgart, Germany | +49 (0) 711 2191-0 | www.kosmos.de Thames & Kosmos, 301 Friendship St., Providence, RI, 02903, USA | 1-800-587-2872 | www.thamesandkosmos.com Thames &...
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Page 2: Tips And Tricks
Gyroscopes & Flywheels › › › TIPS AND TRICKS USING THE GYROSCOPE BUILDING TIPS ANCHOR PINS AND CONNECTORS There are eight possible insertion slots in the rip-cord gyroscope for the rip cords. Use only one at a time. Please note the markings on the top and bottom of the gyroscope housing which Take a careful look at the different assembly indicate the direction in which to insert the rip... -
Page 3: Kit Contents
› › › KIT CONTENTS What’s inside your experiment kit: Checklist: Find – Inspect – Check off Description Qty. Item No. Description Qty. Item No. Short anchor pin Rod-to-tube connector 7344-W10-C2B 7395-W10-E3TD Joint pin 5-hole dual rod B 1156-W10-A1P1 7026-W10-S2D Cone pin 3-hole wide rounded 7128-W10-E2TB... -
Page 4: Table Of Contents
Gyroscopes & Flywheels › › › TABLE OF CONTENTS Safety Information ..Inside front A Word to Parents .... Inside front Tips and Tricks ........1 Kit Contents .......... 2 Table of Contents ........ 3 The Gyroscopic Effect ......4 The amazing gyro ........ -
Page 5: The Gyroscopic Effect
The Gyroscopic Effect How is a spinning top able to balance on one small point? How does your smartphone know to change the orientation of its screen when it is turned on its side? Both of these things work because of gyroscopes and gyroscopic forces! In the following experiments, you will investigate how a gyroscope works and how gyroscopes are used in many different ways. -
Page 6: The Amazing Gyro
The Gyroscopic Effect EXPERIMENT 1 HERE’S HOW Assemble the gyroscope model. The amazing gyro Place one of the rip cords through the rip cord slot in the side of the gyroscope. Pull YOU WILL NEED the rip cord quickly and forcefully to start the gyroscope’s rotor turning. -
Page 7: Balancing Top
EXPERIMENT 2 Balancing top YOU WILL NEED HERE’S HOW Assemble the model first with the purple two-to-one converter piece on the bottom. Place one of the rip cords on the table. Insert the other rip cord into the gyroscope. Pull the rip cord to start the gyroscope spinning. -
Page 8: Gyroscopic Forces
Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 3 Gyroscopic forces YOU WILL NEED 10 x HERE’S HOW Assemble the model. First, without starting the rotor inside the gyroscope spinning, try to balance it on the stand a few times. Insert one of the rip cords into the slot in the side of the gyroscope. - Page 9 CHECK IT OUT Precession You saw in the previous experiments that the gyroscopic effect keeps the spinning gyroscope from falling over. However, the gyroscope will react to external forces applied to it by changing the direction of its axis of rotation. This change in the orientation of the rotational axis is called precession.
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Page 10: The Spinning Robot
Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 4 The spinning robot YOU WILL NEED Flip over Flip over CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE... - Page 11 EXPERIMENT 4 Flip over HERE’S HOW Assemble the model. Pull the rip cord so that the rotor disk in the gyroscope turns clockwise. Does the rest of the model rotate clockwise or counterclockwise? Repeat this with the wheel turning counterclockwise. WHAT’S HAPPENING When the rotor disk rotates clockwise, the body rotates clockwise.
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Page 12: Momentum
Gyroscopes & Flywheels Momentum Why does a figure skater spin faster when they move their arm closer to their body? How does the Earth behave like a top? In the following experiments you will learn about another property of gyroscopes and flywheels called momentum. -
Page 13: Balancing Robot
EXPERIMENT 5 Balancing robot YOU WILL NEED HERE’S HOW Assemble the model. Insert one rip cord into the slot in the flywheel engine. Pull the rip cord and place the model down on a flat smooth surface. See how far the model travels. Now insert rip cords into both the gyroscope and flywheel engine. -
Page 14: Rip-Cord Gyrobot And Track
Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 6 Note: This model is intended to be used with the track included in the kit. Instructions for track assembly start on the next page. Rip-cord gyrobot and track YOU WILL NEED 17 x HERE’S HOW Assemble the rip-cord gyrobot model. - Page 15 EXPERIMENT 7 Launch chute assembly Now assemble the launch chute. This structure acts as a chute to help you quickly load the rip-cord gyrobot onto the track, so it’s easier to get the gyrobot perfectly positioned and running on the track before its gyroscope rotor or flywheel run down too much.
- Page 16 Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 7 Launch chute CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE...
- Page 17 EXPERIMENT 7 “U-turn” track assembly Now assemble the track. Follow the instructions here to build the “U-turn” track design. There are nine other track configuration suggestions on pages 18–20.
- Page 18 Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 7 “U-turn” track Inset rip cords into the gyroscope (top) and flywheel engine (bottom) components of the rip-cord gyrobot model. WHAT’S HAPPENING Hold the model by the underside of the gyroscope. The gyroscope keeps the gyrobot from falling off the track and the flywheel engine transfers power Place the gyrobot on the to the wheels to move the model forward along...
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Page 19: Additional Track Designs
EXPERIMENT 8: ALTERNATE TRACK “S-turn” track “S-turn” track... - Page 20 Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 9: ALTERNATE TRACK “Himalaya” track “Himalaya” track CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE...
- Page 21 EXPERIMENTS 10 – 16: MORE TRACK IDEAS Go to this web address for step-by-step assembly instructions for these track configurations: http://goo.gl/xIQ9Ow (“I” is a capital “i” not a lowercase “l”, and “O” is a capital “o” not a zero “0”.) “Zigzag”...
- Page 22 Gyroscopes & Flywheels CHECK IT OUT Conservation of Momentum The momentum of an object is directly related to the amount of mass of the object and how fast the object is moving in a specific direction, or its velocity. The faster and heavier the object, the more momentum it has.
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Page 23: Breakdancer
EXPERIMENT 17 Breakdancer YOU WILL NEED 10 x... - Page 24 Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 17 WHAT’S HAPPENING The gyroscope stays spinning due to conservation of its angular momentum. But as it spins, the gyroscope’s momentum is transferred to other parts of the model, which is what causes the model to move. The gyroscope eventually stops HERE’S HOW spinning.
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Page 25: Headspinning Breakdancer
EXPERIMENT 18 Headspinning breakdancer YOU WILL NEED 10 x... -
Page 26: Conservation Of Angular Momentum
Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 18 HERE’S HOW Assemble the model. Place the arms of the breakdancer stretched out as far away from the center of its body as possible. WHAT’S HAPPENING Hold the model The breakdancer model and the ice skater spin faster when upside down by the their arms are close to their bodies. - Page 27 CHECK IT OUT Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, and Inertia People once believed that a continuously applied force (a push or pull) was required to keep an object in motion, even with no other forces resisting its motion. We now know that an object in motion will stay in motion unless forces act on it to stop its motion.
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Page 28: Flywheels
Flywheels From your experiments with gyroscopes, you have seen that they can hold a lot of energy. The energy is used to move the models in which the gyroscopes are installed. The energy is stored in the heavy spinning rotor disk inside the gyroscope. This spinning disk is also called a flywheel and it has other applications in addition to gyroscopes. -
Page 29: Motorcycle
EXPERIMENT 19 Motorcycle YOU WILL NEED... - Page 30 Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 19 HERE’S HOW Assemble the model. Insert the rip cord into the slot in the flywheel engine. Hold the model, pull the rip cord, and place the model on a smooth tabletop. What do you observe? WHAT’S HAPPENING The flywheel inside the flywheel engine is connected to one of the engine’s wheels.
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Page 31: Trike Motorcycle
EXPERIMENT 20 Trike motorcycle YOU WILL NEED... - Page 32 Gyroscopes & Flywheels EXPERIMENT 20 HERE’S HOW Assemble the model. Insert the rip cord into the slot in the flywheel engine. Hold the model, pull the rip cord, and place the model on a smooth tabletop. What do you observe? WHAT’S HAPPENING The flywheel engine works the same way in this experiment as in the previous experiment.
- Page 33 CHECK IT OUT Flywheels in Action Flywheels are usually large, heavy wheels with a large moment of inertia. They are designed to have a lot of weight around their outer edges. As you learned in the experiment with the headspinning breakdancer, the farther away an object’s mass is located from its axis of rotation, the larger its moment of inertia.