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3
GENERAL INFORMATION: BATTERIES
temperature and discharge rate for a high capacity Lead Acid cell. Note that the cell
voltage diminishes in direct proportion to the remaining capacity.
The Lead-Acid Batteries
A basic equivalent circuit of the Lead-Acid battery is modeled by a voltage source
with an equilibrium voltage (V
must be noted here that this configuration can describe only a current state because
the magnitude of V
parameters such as state of charge (SOC), temperature, current density, and aging of
the battery.
Fig 3.2. Basic equivalent circuit of the Lead-Acid battery for a current state
16
Fig 3.1 SOC versus Open Circuit voltage
) in series with an internal resistor (R
E
and R
are not actually constant, but is function of many
E
in
R
R
R
in
in
in
V
V
in
in
V
V
V
E
E
E
) (see Fig 3.2). It
in
I
I
I
B
B
B
V
V
V
R
R
R
load
load
load
B
B
B
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