303.3 Longitudinal Joints; 303.4 Intersection Jointing Details; 303.5 Shoulder Considerations - Huawei Y360-U03 Faq

300 Rigid Pavement Design
To control pressure buildup, expansion joints and pressure relief joints are used. The most
common need for an expansion joint or a pressure relief joint is to protect bridge back-walls. Four types
of pressure relief joints are detailed in the Standard Construction Drawings.
construction, the Type A joint should be provided at all bridge approaches where the bridges are over 300
feet (90 m) apart. Where bridges are less than 300 feet (90 m) apart, the standard expansion joints as
required by C&MS Item 451 and detailed in the Standard Construction Drawings are considered
adequate. Use of pressure relief joints for pavements being rehabilitated is discussed in Section 500.

303.3 Longitudinal Joints

Longitudinal joints are required whenever the pavement width exceeds 18 feet (5.4 m) and are
recommended whenever the width exceeds 15 feet (4.5 m). Joints in mainline pavement are to be
located at the lane lines. Where project geometrics permit, 14-foot (4.3 m) wide slabs striped at 12 feet
(4.2 m) are recommended to provide additional edge support for the outside, truck lane.
All lanes, shoulders, and ramps for traffic moving in the same direction should be tied together
using a standard longitudinal joint as detailed in Standard Construction Drawing BP-2.1. Anytime traffic is
expected to cross a longitudinal joint (between lanes, from lane to shoulder, etc.) the joint should be tied.
Anytime traffic is not intended or expected to regularly cross a longitudinal joint (from shoulder to a barrier
foundation, from shoulder to a paved gore area, anytime two shoulders meet, etc.) the joint should not be
tied. Project specific details dictate exactly which joints need to be tied and which do not. The designer
should consider the needs of traffic when deciding what type of joint to use. There is no strict limit on the
maximum width that may be tied together. On undivided, bi-directional roadways, the centerline joint may
or may not need to be tied depending on the project specifics.
On 16-foot (4.9 m) wide ramps, a tied longitudinal joint down the middle is required as shown in
Standard Construction Drawing BP-6.1. This will guard against longitudinal cracking and may allow
future repair work to be performed on half the ramp while traffic is maintained on the other half and
shoulder.
At intersections, where two independent pavements meet, a longitudinal joint without tie bars is
required to separate the two pavements and allow for independent movement.

303.4 Intersection Jointing Details

Intersections require careful consideration of the joint layout, and dowel and tie bar placement. In
order to provide load transfer, control cracking, and prevent intersecting pavements from hindering the
movement of one another, jointing diagrams should be provided as part of the plans. Joint diagrams
should be designed with ease of construction in mind, as well as consideration of future rehabilitation and
maintenance of traffic needs. The number of longitudinal joints should be kept to a minimum, and all
slabs should be the same width, if possible. Examples of jointing diagrams are included in the Location &
Design Plan Preparation Sample Plan Sheets-Volume Three. In addition, there are various publications
provided by the American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) that provide guidance for intersection
joint layout.

303.5 Shoulder Considerations

Shoulders are used to provide an area for accommodation of disabled vehicles, for lateral support
of the base and surface courses, to improve the safety of a highway, and for maintenance of traffic
operations during maintenance and rehabilitation work.
Shoulders for concrete pavements should be constructed of concrete with the same thickness as
the driving lanes' pavement whenever a paved shoulder is required. Having the same thickness allows
extensive use of the shoulder for maintenance of traffic with little, if any, risk of failure and reduces the
July 2014
For new pavement
300-4