Jiangsu Niu Electric Technology N1S Operation & Maintenance Manual

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小牛电动

Niu Electric

N1S

Operation & Maintenance

Manual for

Electric Scooter N1S

Jiangsu Niu Electric Technology Co. Ltd

Table of Contents

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Summary of Contents for Jiangsu Niu Electric Technology N1S

Page 1 小牛电动 Niu Electric Operation & Maintenance Manual for Electric Scooter N1S Jiangsu Niu Electric Technology Co. Ltd...
Page 2 小牛电动 Niu Electric Maintenance Information The maintenance and reparation information contained in this manual is for technical specialists only. Maintenance or reparation performed by those who are not trained properly and provided with appropriate tools and equipment may cause injuries to themselves or others and also lead to damages or unsafe conditions of the scooter.
Page 3 小牛电动 Niu Electric Other protection devices such as gloves or safety shoes are used where necessary. Gloves should be worn before handling of a hot or sharp component that may cause serious burns or cuts or grasping of any things that may cause injuries. Measures should be taken to protect you and others once a scooter is lifted.
Page 4: Table Of Contents
小牛电动 Niu Electric Contents Contents - 1 - Foreword - 2 - General Information - 3 - Scooter body/scooter body panel - 9 - Maintenance - 17 - Front wheel/front suspension - 23 - Rear wheel/rear suspension - 31 - Braking system - 36 - Lithium battery/charger...
Page 5: Foreword
小牛电动 Niu Electric Foreword Key points in maintenance of Niu N1S are described in this maintenance manual. Preparations in the maintenance manual include notes to all operations. Please read the manual carefully before operating. Key points in the inspection and adjustment, including maintenance methods for scooter safety and component performance that are applied from regular examinations, are described.
Page 6: General Information
小牛电动 Niu Electric General Information Maintenance Rules - 4 - Scooter Identification - 6 - Overall specifications - 7 - Specifications of the motor controller system - 7 - Specifications of the battery/charger - 7 - Specifications of the braking system - 8 - Specifications of the lighting/instrument/switch - 8 -...
Page 7 小牛电动 Niu Electric Maintenance Rules 1. Metric tools should be made as available as possible in the maintenance of the scooter. Use of improper tools may damage the scooter. Clean off the dirt outside parts or assemblies of the chassis or braking system before guard removal from the scooter or opening for maintenance.
Page 8 小牛电动 Niu Electric Loose cables constitute a risk to electric safety. Cables should be checked after their clamping to ensure electric safety. Bending of cable clamps towards welding points is not allowed. Cables are bound at designated positions. Cable placement at the scooter frame end or a sharp angle is not allowed. Cable placement at the bolt or screw end is not allowed.
Page 9: Scooter Identification
小牛电动 Niu Electric Scooter Identification The scooter frame identification code is made on the rear frame at rear seat cask. The frame nameplate is riveted above the dual supports at right side of the frame. The anti-altering is at inner right side of the seat cask. The motor code is made at left side of the wheel-hub motor.
Page 10 小牛电动 Niu Electric Overall specifications Item Specifications Length × width × height 1800×700×1130 mm Wheelbase 1280mm Complete vehicle kerb mass 90Kg Dimensions Ground clearance of the seat 740mm cushion Ground clearance 140mm Type of the scooter frame The pedal type made with combined welding Scooter frame of panels and pipes Specifications of the front tire...
Page 11 小牛电动 Niu Electric Specifications of the braking system Item Standard value (mm) Usability limit(mm) Diameter of the front brake disc φ220mm Thickness of the front brake disc Thickness of the front hydraulic brake pad Dedicated brake liquid DOT3 or DOT4 Diameter of the rear brake disc φ180mm Thickness of the rear brake disc...
Page 12: Scooter Body/Scooter Body Panel
小牛电动 Niu Electric Scooter body/scooter body panel - 9 -...
Page 13 小牛电动 Niu Electric Position of the scooter body panel （1）Windshield (2) Front journal lid (3) Front panel (4) Front fender bushing (5) Side panel （6）Side strip (7) Rear bottom fork (8) Rear fender (9) scooter body cover (10) Rear Handrail （11）Saddle (12) Front glove compartment (13) Central guard (14) Battery compartment cover (15) Pedal - 10 -...
Page 14 小牛电动 Niu Electric * Note Do not damage scooter body coverages in disassembling/assembling. Do not damage hooks and claws on scooter body coverages in disassembling/assembling. Align the embedded panels and covers on scooter coverages with their respective grooves. Hooks and claws at various sections should be installed properly during assembly.
Page 15 小牛电动 Niu Electric scooter body coverage Remove the scooter body in the following sequence Battery pedal→Foot pedal→Left side strip/right side strip→Front journal lid→Panel→Left front panel/right front panel Seat cushion→Central guard→Seat cushion assembly→Left foot guard/right foot guard→Left scooter body/right scooter body * Note Do not damage scooter body coverages in disassembling/assembling.
Page 16 小牛电动 Niu Electric Maintenance Information Overview Procedures for removal and installation of scooter body panels are described in this section. The ignition switch and air switch must be turned to OFF before disconnection or connection of electric units, when the storage battery has been installed onto the scooter. Windshield Removal/installation Remove 3 bolts with washers, and then remove the windshield.
Page 17: Charger Socket
小牛电动 Niu Electric Charger socket Removal/installation Remove the storage box. Disconnect the white connector with charger socket. Remove 2 installation screws. Take the charger socket out of the installation hole. Central guard Removal/installation Remove 3 installation screws. Remove hooks and lugs of the central guard from the left and right scooter body covers and foot pedal, and then remove the central guard.
Page 18: Foot Pedal
小牛电动 Niu Electric Foot pedal Removal/installation Remove 4 connection bolts from the foot pedal. Remove the battery compartment cover. Side strip Removal/installation - Remove the battery cover. - Remove the foot pedal. Slide the right side strip slightly towards the rear, and then remove hooks. Remove the right side strip.
Page 19: Rear Fender
小牛电动 Niu Electric Rear fender Removal/installation Support at one side Remove 2 connection bolts at one side. Remove the rear fender. Front fender bushing Removal/installation Remove 4 left and right connection bolts. Remove the front fender bushing. The installation sequence is contrary to the removal. - 16 -...
Page 20: Maintenance
小牛电动 Niu Electric Maintenance Maintenance................................Maintenance Information............................Operation of the accelerator handle......................... Wearing of the brake plate (with the disc brake type)................Inspection of the brake handle..........................Brake liquid................................Brake lamp switch..............................Inspection of the scooter lamp system and switches................Side support................................
Page 21 小牛电动 Niu Electric MaintenanceMaintenance Information OverviewThe scooter is set on a flat ground before operating.The scooter is inspected, tested, cleaned, adjusted, lubricated or replaced (if necessary) as per items and maintenance cycles specified in the maintenance schedule. The following items require a certain degree of the mechanical knowledge. Some items may require more technical data and tools.
Page 22 小牛电动 Niu Electric Tolerance and deformation Operation of the accelerator handle Check the accelerator handle for smooth operating. Check the accelerator handle for smooth opening and automatic resetting at all steering positions of the steering handle. Check the accelerator handle cable if the accelerator handle can not be reset as usual. Wearing of the brake plate (with the disc brake type) Check the brake plate for wearing.
Page 23 小牛电动 Niu Electric Brake lamp switch The brake switch on the brake handle can not be adjusted. Front brake Make sure that the brake lamp turns on in actual application of the brake. Replace the front brake switch or other faulty components in the braking system, if turn-on of the front brake switch is not synchronous with brake application.
Page 24 小牛电动 Niu Electric Suspension system Front suspension Operate the front brake and press the front suspension system for several times to check motion of the fork. Check the entire assembly for leakage, damages or loosened fasteners. Replace damaged components that can not be repaired. Tighten all the nuts and bolts.
Page 25 小牛电动 Niu Electric Grasp the front wheel and try to move it leftward and rightward to check the front wheel bearing for wearing. Replace the front wheel bearing if it becomes loosened. Turn the wheel to make sure that it can be rotated smoothly without an abnormal noise. The front wheel bearing should be inspected as long as there are suspicious abnormal conditions.
Page 26: Front Wheel/Front Suspension
小牛电动 Niu Electric Front wheel/front suspension Preparation Failure diagnosis Front wheel Steering handle Front fork - 23 -...
Page 27 小牛电动 Niu Electric Front wheel/front suspension Specifications of the front tire: Outer tube 90/90-12 5-9 N·m Installation torque value for screw 11 in the figure: 5-9 N•m Rim run-out limits: 2.0mm Vertical limit: 2.0mm 2.0mm Lateral limit: 2.0mm Deflection limit of the front axle: 0.2mm 0.2mm 1.
Page 28 小牛电动 Niu Electric Front fork N·m ：18-28 Installation torque value for bolt 4 in figure: 18-28 N•m Upper conical bearing: 32005 Lower conical bearing: 32006 1. Welded lower yoke plate assembly 2. Front left shock absorber assembly 3. Front right shock absorber assembly 4.
Page 29 小牛电动 Niu Electric Steering handle Installation torque value for bolt 16 (as a tightening bolt on the steering handle) in the figure: N·m 40-60 N•m 40-60 Free travel of the front brake handle: 7-15mm 7-15mm Free travel of the rear brake handle: 7-15mm 7-15mm Free travel of the accelerator control...
Page 30 小牛电动 Niu Electric Front wheel/front suspension Preparation Failure diagnosis Front wheel Steering handle Front fork Preparation Operation notes Support the scooter body bottom with jacks before removal of the front wheel. The front wheel should not be turned reversely when it is in touch with the ground. There should be no grease that adheres to brake shoes, brake shoe assemblies and brake discs in operating.
Page 31: Front Wheel
小牛电动 Niu Electric The front wheel tire is deformed and the tire is deflected. The front wheel oscillates. The rim is deformed. The front axle bearing becomes loosened. The tire is deteriorated. The wheel is difficult to turn. The axle bearing failed or the braking is bad. The front axle is deflected.
Page 32 小牛电动 Niu Electric front wheel bearing Remove the front axle and front brake disc. Remove outer spacer on the front wheel, and then remove the front wheel oil-seal. Remove the bearing. Remove the intermediate spacer. Check the bearing rotation. The bearing that does not rotate is worn or loosened. Replace it with a new one. Bearing replacement Remove the front axle, front wheel brake disc and outer spacer on the front wheel.
Page 33: Front Fork
小牛电动 Niu Electric Tightening bolts on the steering handle assembly Torque value: 40-60 N·m Front fork Disassembling: Remove the panel, front journal lid and front fender. Remove the steering handle assembly. Sequentially remove: Gland nut, lock nut, bearing cover and upper conical bearing Remove the front fork.
Page 34: Rear Wheel/Rear Suspension
小牛电动 Niu Electric Rear wheel/rear suspension Preparation Failure diagnosis Motor Rear shock absorber - 31 -...
Page 35 小牛电动 Niu Electric Rear wheel/rear suspension Torque value for self-locking nuts on the motor as shown in the figure: 60-80 N•m Diameter of the brake disc: φ 18 0 mm Thickness of the brake disc: 3.5mm Wearing limit: 3.0mm 1. Left rear shock absorber 2.
Page 36 小牛电动 Niu Electric Tire size: 120/90-12 Motor run-out limits: Vertical: 2.0mm Lateral: 2.0mm Lock nuts on the motor: 60-80 N•m 1. Lock nut 2. Spring washer 3. Lock washer 4. Limit washer 5. Vacuum tire 120/90-12 Motor 7. Rear brake disc 8.
Page 37 小牛电动 Niu Electric Preparation Operation notes There should be no oil stains on the brake disc. Generally the rear wheel and suspension are supported with a safety support or a safety crane during their maintenance. Please use original components made by Niu to replace bolts and nuts on the suspension pivot and also at the installation position.
Page 38: Rear Shock Absorber
小牛电动 Niu Electric Remove the motor assembly. Remove the brake disc. Inspection Inspection of the motor oscillation Manually turn the motor and measure its eccentricity with a micrometer gauge. Usability limit: Vertical direction: replace it if above 2.0mm Lateral direction: replace it if above 2.0mm Installation Install the rear wheel and tighten nuts in the sequence contrary to removal.
Page 39: Braking System
小牛电动 Niu Electric Braking system Maintenance instruction Failure diagnosis Front hydraulic brake Rear hydraulic brake Adjustment of the rear brake pad Brake liquid change/air discharging - 36 -...
Page 40 小牛电动 Niu Electric Front hydraulic brake Diameter of the front brake disc: φ 220 mm φ 220 mm Thickness of the front brake disc: 4.0mm Operating limit: 3.0 Installation torque value for bolt 5 in the figure: 5-9 N•m Free travel of the brake handle: 7-15mm 7-15mm 1.
Page 41 小牛电动 Niu Electric Diameter of the rear brake disc: φ 180 mm φ 180 mm Thickness of the rear brake disc: 3.5mm Operating limit: 2.5 Free travel of the brake handle: 7-15mm 7-15mm 1. Self-locking nut 2. Spring washer 3. Lock washer 4.
Page 42: Maintenance Instruction
小牛电动 Niu Electric Maintenance instruction Operation notes * Note •There should be no oil stains on the brake assembly in installing or removal. •The cleaning should be made with a specified detergent to avoid reduction of the brake performance. Check the brake before riding* Specifications Item Standard value (mm)
Page 43 小牛电动 Niu Electric 2. The brake pad and brake disc are contaminated. The brake handle is softened without an effective application. There is air in the hydraulic system. There is leakage from the hydraulic system. The brake pad is worn. The brake caliper piston seal is worn.
Page 44 小牛电动 Niu Electric Check the front hydraulic brake pad assembly for wearing. Replace brake shoes where necessary. Measure thickness of the front hydraulic brake pad assembly. Measure thickness of the front brake disc, and record the maximum value. Specifications N1Diameter of the front brake disc φ220mm Thickness of the front brake disc 4.0mm...
Page 45 小牛电动 Niu Electric Rear hydraulic brake Disassembling: Replace the brake pad assembly. If the brake pad assembly will be used again, than it should be marked at side before removal so that it can be installed at its original position. Remove the following assemblies from the left handle and motor.
Page 46 小牛电动 Niu Electric Installation Install the rear brake disc and motor assembly. Install the rear hydraulic brake pad assembly. Install the rear brake hose assembly and brake cylinder assembly. Install the oil pump body assembly and switch assembly. Do not make the grease adhere to the rear hydraulic brake pad assembly and brake disc. tightening bolts on the front shock absorber assembly: Self-locking nuts on the motor 60-80 N·m...
Page 47 小牛电动 Niu Electric Failure diagnosis procedures for the hydraulic disc brake Failure of the hydraulic disc brake Check the brake liquid level in the main brake pump reservoir. The brake liquid level is below the The brake liquid level is above the lower limit scale in the reservoir.
Page 48 小牛电动 Niu Electric Adjustment of the rear brake pad The rear brake on Niu N1 is shown in the above figure: ① The bolts 1 and 2 are limit bolts used to adjust position of the brake caliper. ② The bolts 3 and 4 are used to adjust position of the brake caliper piston.
Page 49 小牛电动 Niu Electric Note: Do not use different types of the brake liquid because they are not compatible with each other. The DOT3 or DOT4 brake liquid that has been sealed completely can be added. Connect a commercially available air discharge pump from the brake liquid to the oil drainage valve screw.
Page 50: Lithium Battery/Charger
小牛电动 Niu Electric Lithium battery/charger Maintenance Information Parameter specification Battery pack Battery test Charger Inspection - 47 -...
Page 51 小牛电动 Niu Electric Lithium battery/charger Maintenance Information Overview The charger will be thermal in charging. It should be subject to good ventilation and radiation. The battery and charger must not be covered. They must not be close to flammable or explosive objects in charging to avoid the explosion or fire that may even cause personal injuries.
Page 52: Battery Pack
小牛电动 Niu Electric Battery pack Operation/maintenance Serial number of the instruction battery pack Battery model Charger interface - 49 -...
Page 53 小牛电动 Niu Electric Battery test The battery management system software on an upper computer is used. Note: It must be ensured that the corresponding software has been installed on the computer and the stable linking with the corresponding hardware has been established. Term definition: BMS: battery management system.
Page 54 小牛电动 Niu Electric Software operation method: System log-in Run the program. The system log-in window appears. Input the user name and password. Click on OK. The system interface appears after log-in verification. System interface - 51 -...
Page 55 小牛电动 Niu Electric The system interface consists of two parts - an upper part with the information about system title bar, menu bar and battery pack and also the inquiry condition, and an lower part with menu contents. Display of the menu Home content is by default when the system is turned on. Click on the Home menu in the menu bar to switch from other menu pages to the home page.
Page 56 小牛电动 Niu Electric Parameter configuration Click on the Parameter Settings menu in the menu bar to display the content of parameter configuration page within lower part of the window, as shown in the figure: There are many parameters involved in the battery pack, and the knowledge about these parameters is very professional.
Page 57 小牛电动 Niu Electric The prompt window will appear when the writing is completed, as shown in the figure: - 54 -...
Page 58 小牛电动 Niu Electric Charger Inspection The original battery for this model must be charged with the dedicated charger that accompanies with the scooter (the scooter charging with a non-original charger will cause irrecoverable damages to the battery). Charging with a non-original charger may lead to the circuit or battery failure. The scooter charging is prohibited strictly from being made immediately after scooter stop.
Page 59: Motor/Controller/Accelerator Handle (Hall Cable Sensor)
小牛电动 Niu Electric Motor/controller/accelerator handle (Hall cable sensor) Maintenance Information Technical parameters Failure elimination Inspection of the motor winding resistance Inspection of the motor insulation Inspection of the maximum motor no-load current Inspection of the Hall motor sensor Controller Hall cable sensor Inspection - 56 -...
Page 60: Technical Parameters
小牛电动 Niu Electric Motor/controller/Hall cable sensor Maintenance Information Overview。 The motor used in this scooter is an efficient brushless DC motor with a permanent magnet made of rare earths, which is integrated with the rear wheel. The motor does not require maintenance in daily operating. However, attention should be paid to the status of installation and tightening nuts on the motor shaft.
Page 61 小牛电动 Niu Electric Positive and negative poles of the battery are connected reversely. The controller failed. - go to step 2. 2. Inspection of the battery pack Check voltage of the battery pack. - the battery is under-voltage The battery is protected by BMS - go to step 3.
Page 62 小牛电动 Niu Electric The controller failed. The motor rotates and stops intermittently. 1. Inspection of the battery pack voltage Check the battery pack voltage. Is the voltage at the critical under-voltage point? Is the battery in a bad condition? - the battery pack voltage is insufficient The capacity of a single or multiple batteries is reduced The battery connector is in a bad contact.
Page 63 小牛电动 Niu Electric Is the failure eliminated? - the controller failed - go to step 4 4. Motor inspection Perform inspection by motor switching as per the elimination method. Is the failure eliminated? - the motor failed The motor is shaking The Hall motor sensor connector is in a bad contact The Hall cable sensor connector is in a bad contact Out of control (the scooter flies)
Page 64 小牛电动 Niu Electric and run the motor continuously for more than 10 seconds. Read the measured voltage U2 when the multimeter value becomes stable. Standard: ≤ 1V The measured voltage U2 that is ≤ U1 indicates that the motor insulation is normal without creepage. The measured voltage U2 that is more than 1V indicates that the motor insulation is bad.
Page 65 小牛电动 Niu Electric Connection: black (+) - negative battery pole (black) (-) Normally the connectivity between both should be available. Inspection of the input circuit to power supply Turn the ignition switch to OFF. Disconnect the Hall motor connector. Turn the ignition switch to ON. Check the voltage between the red wire and the negative battery pole at harness side.
Page 66 小牛电动 Niu Electric Air switch Removal/installation Remove the storage box on the seat cask. Turn the ignition switch and air switch to OFF. Loosen the wire clamping bolt. Disconnect the air switch wire. Remove tightening bolts on the air switch to take out the air switch. Perform the re-installation in the opposite sequence to the removal.
Page 67 小牛电动 Niu Electric Inspection of the input circuit to power supply Turn the ignition switch and air switch to OFF. Voltage of the main power cord Disconnect the following connectors: - Controller connector - Red and black input wire connectors to the power supply Check the DC voltage between the red wire and the negative battery pole or black wire at harness side.
Page 68 小牛电动 Niu Electric Harness interface Compone Interface nt name Handle number J17-B Interface definition Color Definition Dark red Power cord White and green Signal wire Black Ground wire Legend Component interface Component Interface name Handle number J25-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Dark red...
Page 69 小牛电动 Niu Electric Inspection Inspection of the signal output Turn the power lock switch to OFF. Remove the front panel. Connect the multimeter between the white/green signal output wire and the black ground wire on Hall cable sensor. Turn the ignition switch to ON. Turn the handle slowly from the start angle to the end angle, and check the signal output voltage between them.
Page 70: Lighting/Instrument/Switch
小牛电动 Niu Electric Lighting/instrument/switch Maintenance Information 错误！未定义书签。 Specifications Inspection of the vehicle light system Front headlight................................Turn signal lamp............................... Rear tail lamp assembly............................The turn signal lamp..............................The braking signal lamp............................Liquid crystal instrument display........................Power lock.................................. Left and right combination switches Right combination switch Turn signal flashing relay Remote alarm...
Page 71 小牛电动 Niu Electric Lighting/instrument/switch/central controller/alarm Maintenance Information Overview Check status of the battery pack before performing any inspection that requires provision of a proper battery voltage. The switch that has been installed on the electric vehicle can be tested for connectivity. The bulb will be hot when the light turns on and keep hot for a while after the light turns off.
Page 72 小牛电动 Niu Electric Inspection of the vehicle light system Front headlight assembly Failure elimination The front headlight does not illuminate or the lighting is weak. Standard inspection - Whether the LED bulb is burnt or there is weld missing - Whether the connection circuit is loose - Light switch - Dimmer switch Check the following items if all the above items are normal:...
Page 73 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Component Front Interface name headlight number J13-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Blue High beam White Low beam 20cm Black Ground wire Red and white Power cord (12V) Legend Turn signal lamp Front turn signal lamp The turn signal lamp does not illuminate or the lighting is weak.
Page 74 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Component Left turn Interface name signal lamp number J7-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Left turn signal Yellow lamp 60cm Black Ground wire Legend - 71 -...
Page 75 小牛电动 Niu Electric Definition of the right turn signal lamp interface Harness interface Component name Right turn signal lamp Interface number J8-B Interface definition Color Definition Light blue Right turn signal lamp Black Ground wire Legend Component interface Component name Right turn signal lamp Interface number J8-A Interface definition...
Page 76 小牛电动 Niu Electric Rear tail lamp assembly The turn signal lamp does not illuminate or the lighting is weak. Standard inspection Check the following components: - Whether the LED bulb of the turn signal lamp is burnt or there is a missing weld - Whether the connection circuit is loose - Light switch - The flashing unit failed...
Page 77 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Component Interface name Tail lamp number J9-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Red and white Power cord (12V) Black Ground wire Violet High brake lamp 20cm Yellow Left lamp signal wire Right lamp signal Light blue wire Legend...
Page 78 小牛电动 Niu Electric Brake power cut-off switch Component interface Left/right Component brake name handle J16-B Connector type 4.0 dual-cylinder insertion spring Interface definition Color Definition Red and white Power cord (12V) Left/right brake handle Violet signal wire Legend Front brake lamp switch (brake power cut-off switch) Remove the front panel.
Page 79 小牛电动 Niu Electric Liquid crystal instrument display/power lock Description of instrument icons Left turn indicator Right turn indicator High beam indicator Parking indicator Low electricity indicator Ambient temperature Best energy consumption status Electric energy recovery status Ride mode Real-time speed Charged electricity percentage Electricity display bar Electricity percentage...
Page 80 小牛电动 Niu Electric Harness interface Compone Interface nt name Instrument number J6-B Interface definition Color Definition Red and white Power cord (12V) Ground wire Black Yellow Left turn lamp Light blue Right turn lamp Blue High beam White Communication A Violet and gray Communication B Black and...
Page 81 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Component Interface name Instrument number J6-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Red and white Power cord (12V) Black Ground wire Yellow Left turn lamp Light blue Right turn lamp 50cm Blue High beam White Communication A Violet and gray Communication B...
Page 82 小牛电动 Niu Electric Power lock 1. The main lock is closed (OFF) 2. The main lock is started (ON) 3. The seat cask is opened (OPEN) 4. The steering handle is locked (LOCK) Inspection Remove the following components: - Front panel - Right vehicle body panel Disconnect the ignition switch 2P connector.
Page 83 小牛电动 Niu Electric BAT1 BAT2 Color Left and right combination switches/accelerator handle Left combination switch High/low beam switch Turn signal lamp switch Horn switch Rear brake Left handle Harness interface Left Compone combination Interface nt name switch number J1-B Interface definition Color Definition Blue...
Page 84 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Left Component combination Interface name switch number J1-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Blue High beam White Low beam Blue and white Headlight switch Yellow Left turn signal lamp 55cm Right turn signal Light blue lamp Gray Flasher...
Page 85 小牛电动 Niu Electric Harness interface Right Compone combination Interface nt name switch number J2-B Interface definition Definition White and yellow Low-speed operation White and Intermediate-speed black operation White and blue High-speed operation Blue and white Headlight on switch Red and white Power cord (12V) Black Ground wire...
Page 86 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Right Component combination Interface switch name number J2-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length White and yellow tion White and Intermediate-speed black operation High-speed White and blue operation 55cm Blue and white Headlight on switch Red and white Power cord (12V) Black...
Page 87 小牛电动 Niu Electric Connection: Red and white/black - gray Turn the power lock switch to ON. Check the turn signal lamp. The signal lamp that illuminates indicates that the turn signal relay failed. The lamp that does not illuminate indicates that the harness is broken. Harness interface Compone Interface...
Page 88 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Component Interface name Flasher number J14-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Red and white Power cord (12V) Gray Signal wire 10cm Black Ground wire Legend Remote alarm Removal/installation Remove the front panel. Remove the alarm screws and tightening adhesive at left of the front panel. Loosen the circuit connector.
Page 89 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Remote Component controller Interface name receiver number J3-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Power cord (60V) Black Ground wire Red and green DC-DC power supply Pink ignition switch KEY Orange Controller ACC 20cm Red and white Power cord (12V) Left turn signal lamp Yellow...
Page 90 小牛电动 Niu Electric Harness interface Compone Central control Interface nt name system number J4-B Interface definition Color Definition Power cord (60V) Black Ground wire Pink Ignition switch (KEY) White Communication A Violet and gray Communication B Black and white Earth 485 Legend Component interface Component...
Page 91 小牛电动 Niu Electric Hall cable sensor/USB conversion module/DC-DC converter Removal/installation Remove the front panel. Hall cable sensor USB conversion module DC-DC converter at the lower right side Remove 3 screws on the three assembly supports, and then remove three assemblies separately. Hall cable sensor See the motor/controller/accelerator handle (inspection of the Hall cable sensor)
Page 92 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface 部件名称 Component Interface name number J5-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length Power cord (60V) 15cm Black Ground wire Legend DC-DC (60V-12V) converter Harness interface Compone Interface DC-DC J12-B nt name number Interface definition Color Definition 60V input wire to the Red and green...
Page 93 小牛电动 Niu Electric Component interface Component Interface name DC-DC number J12-A Interface definition Color Definition Wire length 60V input wire to the Red and green converter Black Ground wire 15cm Black Ground wire Red and white Power cord (12V) Legend Charger interface Harness interface Compone...
Page 94 小牛电动 Niu Electric Power cord (60V) 25cm Black Ground wire Legend Cruise at a fixed speed Harness interface Compone Interface nt name Cruise signal number Interface definition Color Definition Gray Cruise signal Harness interface Compone Cruise signal Interface nt name (GND) number Interface definition...
Page 95: Failure Code Diagnosis
小牛电动 Niu Electric Failure code diagnosis Failure code diagnosis procedures........................Controller or communication failure codes......................Battery failure codes..............................Warning codes by the central control system - 92 -...
Page 96 小牛电动 Niu Electric Failure code diagnosis Failure code diagnosis procedures The instrument displays the failure code 00 Check the central controller connection circuit for looseness, Cable falling off or in a bad contact. central The instrument Check the main harness instrument and controller failed.
Page 97 小牛电动 Niu Electric The instrument displays the failure code 190 Controller communication failure Check the controller connection circuit for looseness or fall-off Check circuit controller tightness failed. Disconnect battery before replacement. The instrument displays instrument displays the failure code 120 the failure code 110 Check the Hall cable connection for bad Power tube failure...
Page 98 小牛电动 Niu Electric Make sure that the alarm has been unlocked. Close and turn on the ignition switch. Check the controller wire for looseness Check the alarm circuit Battery BMS communication Driver verification failure The instrument displays failure the failure code 111 Replace the central controller Replace the instrument Replace the Hall cable...
Page 99 小牛电动 Niu Electric Disconnect the battery before replacement of the central controller assembly SIM card identification Check the central controller assembly failed SIM808 The SIM card is The flow volume in the first year is free of overdue charge with timely due payment. GPS failure Check the central controller assembly - 96 -...
Page 100: Circuit Diagram
小牛电动 Niu Electric Circuit diagram Air switch Startup switch Brake lamp Left brake handle Brake lamp Right brake handle Horn Left horn Front aperture Clearance lamp High beam Headligh Low beam High/low beam Left front Left rear Right front Flasher Right rear - 97 -...
Page 101 小牛电动 Niu Electric - 98 -...