Glossary - Ceru vu+ ultimo User Manual

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Vu User Manual
VIII. Glossary
8-PSK is usually the highest order PSK constellation deployed. With more than
8 phases, the error-rate becomes too high and there are better, though more
complex, modulations available such as quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).
8PSK
Although any number of phases may be used, the fact that the constellation must
usually deal with binary data means that the number of symbols is usually a power
of 2 — this allows an equal number of bits-per-symbol.
Conditional Access Module is an electronic device, usually incorporating a slot
for a smart card, which equips an Integrated Digital Television or set-top box with
CAM the appropriate hardware facility to view conditional access content that has been
encrypted using a conditional access system. They are normally used with direct
broadcast satellite (DBS) services.
Composite video is the format of an analog television (picture only) signal before
it is combined with a sound signal and modulated onto an RF carrier. Composite
video is often designated by the CVBS acronym, meaning "Color, Video, Blank
and Sync". In German (with PAL being a German invention by Telefunken's Walter
Bruch) the abbreviation FBAS (Farbe-Bild-Austastung-Synchron) means the same.
It is usually in standard formats such as NTSC, PAL, and SECAM. It is a composite
of three source signals called Y, U and V (together referred to as YUV) with sync
Composite Video
pulses. Y represents the brightness or luminance of the picture and includes
synchronizing pulses, so that by itself it could be displayed as a monochrome
picture. U and V represent hue and saturation or chrominance; between them they
carry the color information. They are first modulated on two orthogonal phases of
a color carrier signal to form a signal called the chrominance. Y and UV are then
combined. Since Y is a baseband signal and UV has been mixed with a carrier,
this addition is equivalent to frequency-division multiplexing.
Several companies provide competing Conditional Access Systems; Irdeto
Conditional Access
Access, Nagravision, Viaccess, Verimatrix and NDS are among the most
System
commonly used CAS systems.
Stands for Digital Satellite Equipment Control. It is a special communication
protocol for use between a satellite receiver and a device such as a multi-dish
DiSEqC
switch or a small dish antenna rotor. DiSEqC was developed by European satellite
provider Eutelsat, which now acts as the standards agency for the protocol.
Dolby Digital is the common version containing up to six discrete channels of
sound. The most elaborate mode in common usage involves five channels for
normal-range speakers (20 Hz – 20,000 Hz) (right front, center, left front, right rear
and left rear) and one channel (20 Hz – 120 Hz allotted audio) for the subwoofer
Dolby Digital driven low-frequency effects. Mono and stereo modes are also supported. Dolby
Digitalsupports audio sample-rates up to 48 kHz.
* Dolby Digital
* D (an abbreviation for Dolby Digital, often combined with channel count;
for instance, D 2.0, D 5.1)
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