Related Manuals for Linea Research 44 Series
Summary of Contents for Linea Research 44 Series
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Page 1: User Guide
44 Series Amplifier LNR series processors Linea Research 44M Series Advanced System Amplifier User Guide Version 2 (For firmware version 1.122 and above) -
Page 2: Table Of Contents
FOR CUSTOMERS IN THE USA ......................9 FOR CUSTOMERS IN THE CANADA ....................10 Thanks and Unpacking .......................... 11 Unpacking the Linea Research 44 Series Amplifier ................11 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS ......................12 Mechanical Installation ........................12 AC Power Connection ........................13 The User Guide............................ - Page 3 Recalling Components ........................27 Input ..............................27 AES3 Inputs ........................... 27 Networked Audio (Dante) Inputs ....................28 Gain and Polarity ........................... 28 Delay ............................. 28 High Pass Filter ..........................28 Parametric Equalisation ........................ 29 FIR Shelving EQ..........................29 Parametric Filters .......................... 29 Routing ............................
- Page 4 DHCP ............................. 34 AUTO-IP ............................34 Static-IP ............................35 IP Troubleshooting ........................35 Snapshots ............................35 AUX Port ............................35 Latency delay ............................ 37 Input/Output Latencies ......................... 37 Processing Latencies ........................37 Secure Mode ............................. 38 Overlay Flush ............................. 38 Protection Systems ...........................
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Page 5: Important Safety Instructions
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Read these instructions. Keep these instructions. Heed all warnings. Follow all instructions. Do not use this apparatus near water. Clean only with dry cloth. Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves or other apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat. -
Page 6: Consignes De Sécurité Importantes
CONSIGNES DE SÉCURITÉ IMPORTANTES 1. Lisez ces instructions. 2. Conservez ces instructions. 3. Respectez tous les avertissements. 4. Suivez toutes les instructions. 5. Ne pas utiliser cet appareil près de l'eau. 6. Nettoyer uniquement avec un chiffon sec. 7. Ne pas bloquer les ouvertures de ventilation. Installer conformément aux instructions du fabricant. - Page 7 16. Déconnexion permanente de l'alimentation secteur doit être atteint en supprimant le connecteur du cordon fourni à l'arrière de l'unité. Ce connecteur doit être facilement utilisable. AVERTISSEMENT DE SECURITE Ne retirez pas les couvercles, ne desserrez pas les fixations et ne laissez aucune pièce s'introduire dans les ouvertures.
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Page 8: Compliance
COMPLIANCE FOR CUSTOMERS IN EUROPE This product complies with both the LVD (electrical safety) 73/23/EEC and EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) 89/336/EEC directives issues by the commission of the European community. Compliance with these directives implies conformity with the following European standards: EN60065 Product safety EN55103-1... -
Page 9: For Customers In The Usa
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY WITH FCC RULES We, Linea Research Ltd. of 1 Marquis Business Centre, Royston Road, Baldock, Hertfordshire, SG7 6XL, England, declare under our sole responsibility that this family of devices, complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. -
Page 10: For Customers In The Canada
FOR CUSTOMERS IN THE CANADA This product complies with CA /CSA C22.2 No.60065-03 Ce produit est conforme avec CA /CSA C22.2 No.60065-03 THIS PRODUCT MUST BE EARTHED. Use only a flexible cable or cord with a green or green / yellow core which must be connected to the protective earthing terminal of a suitable mains plug or the earthing terminal of the installation. -
Page 11: Thanks And Unpacking
Thanks and Unpacking Thank you for choosing a Linea Research 44 Series Advanced System Amplifier for your application. Please spare a little time to study the contents of this manual, so that you obtain the best possible performance from this unit. -
Page 12: Installation Instructions
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Mechanical Installation The 44 Series Amplifier system is designed to be mounted in a standard 19” rack enclosure. Where the amplifier is used in a fixed installation, as long as the bottom unit is supported and there are no gaps between units, it is acceptable to use only the front panel 19” rack holes when fitting it... -
Page 13: Ac Power Connection
It is possible to mount multiple 44 Series amplifiers without ventilation gaps between them but it is essential that an unobstructed flow of clean air is available from the front of the unit to the rear. It is important that neither the air intakes on the front of the unit or the exhaust vents at the rear are covered. -
Page 14: The User Guide
This user manual gives a progressively more detailed description of the functions of the Linea Research 44 Series Advanced System Amplifier. A single page quick reference guide is provided for those users who are experienced with this type of equipment and just need to know how to ‘drive’... -
Page 15: Introduction And Key Features
Introduction and Key Features Introduction The Linea Research 44 Series Advanced System Amplifier represents current state-of-the-art technology in several areas. This product is the result of several years of research, from which many advances in switched mode power technologies and ever finer detail in signal processing have stemmed. - Page 16 Drive Modules The 44 Series processor has a new way of ordering and grouping channels in order to give a more speaker-based approach to controlling, designing and recalling speaker configurations; these are called Drive Modules. A Drive Module is the Processing provided by one Input DSP Block, and a number of Output DSP Blocks, which are associated with one-another by means of routing.
- Page 17 The shape of the LIR crossover filter is quite similar to a 4 order or 24dB/Oct Linkwitz-Riley filter, and maintains zero phase difference between the adjacent bands across the crossover region to keep the polar response rock steady. FIR Linear Phase Equalisation The Input High-Shelf Equalisers use Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filtering to produce Linear Phase equalisation;...
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Page 18: Audio Connections
Audio Connections Input Connections For each input channel there is a female XLR input connector. Even channel numbers are for Analogue inputs only. Odd channel numbers are either for Analogue inputs (when in Analogue input mode) or for AES3 input pairs (when in AES3 input mode). The HOT, + or ‘in phase’... -
Page 19: Load Matching
Amplifier output connections Speaker - Speaker + The Speakon connector for amplifier channel 1 carries the output for amplifier channels 1 and 2. Similarly, the Speakon connector for amplifier channel 3 carries the output for amplifier channels 3 and 4. This can be useful for making a connection to two loudspeakers with one 4-core cable (i.e. Bi- Amp): Amplifier output connections –... - Page 20 maximum RMS voltage that the amplifier will produce. Select the one which is appropriate for the installation. A number of low impedance settings (depending on the model) are also available. Although it is not critical that this setting matches the impedance of the connected load, this will maximise the power that is available for the load.
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Page 21: Panel Layouts
Panel Layouts Limiter Indicators- The output indicators shows the status of the limiter and output level. The <SIG> indicator shows signal presence and will illuminate when a signal is present in the output. The second indicator <-6dB> shows that the signal has reached 6dB below the limiter threshold. - Page 22 Relay output- This isolated relay output may be used to indicate abnormal conditions to external monitoring apparatus. See Fault Relay Power Inlet- The unit should be connected to a suitable mains electricity supply using an earthed Powercon connection power lead. The device has a switch mode power supply that is capable of operating with a nominal mains voltage of 100V to 230V, 50/60Hz without re-configuration.
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Page 23: Operation
Operation Starting up the unit When power switch is switched on the unit will go through its start-up cycle, checking all the sub- systems as it does so. Along the way, the screen will inform you of its progress. Once this is complete the display will then show the Home screen indicating drive module configurations. -
Page 24: Navigation
Output 8 component number Navigation Parameter navigation and adjustment on the 44 Series is very straightforward. There is no concept of drilling down deeper into hidden menus; every parameter is accessible by simply scrolling across a ‘map’ of parameter pages which can be thought of as placed on a 2-dimensional grid. Horizontally across the width of the grid are the various channels, and vertically up and down the grid are the parameter pages for each section of processing. -
Page 25: The Home Page
Bridged pair is encountered. See Bridge Mode Note: DSP inputs are not the same as physical inputs. The 44 Series has four audio inputs and four DSP inputs. This is a matrix mixing system where any physical inputs, be they analogue, AES3 or... -
Page 26: Component Presets
Component Presets A Component Preset represents the processing for just one output. Any part of a Module Preset may be recalled to any one output. A Drive Module comprised of parameters which have been recalled to its outputs using Component Preset Recalls can then be saved into another Module Preset provided the outputs remain consecutive (i.e. -
Page 27: Recalling Module Presets
Note: Storing a Drive Module preset for a module which is not configured with consecutive outputs is not permitted. Note: When storing a Drive Module preset on the device, Component Names cannot be edited. To change Component names, the Module Preset must be saved in the PodWare application. Recalling Module Presets To recall a Drive Module preset, press the <INPUT>... -
Page 28: Networked Audio (Dante) Inputs
There is no ‘standard’ for the relative gains between Analogue and AES3 so depending on the levels delivered by the audio source, it may be necessary to adjust the digital input gain trims to normalise them. It is possible to adjust the gain of the AES3 input using the Input Route AES3 Gain parameter. For example, to achieve 0dBFS = +18dBu, set the AES3 trim to -2dB. -
Page 29: Parametric Equalisation
Parametric Equalisation There are nine stages of equalisation available for each input channel, three shelving filters and six parametric filters. FIR Shelving EQ The Input High Shelf EQ is implemented using a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter, and exhibits a linear phase response;... -
Page 30: Delay
LIR Crossover Filtering Unique to Linea Research, “Linear Impulse Response” (LIR) crossover filtering gives a Linear Phase crossover which has a constant delay regardless of frequency (unlike other types of crossover which delay different frequencies to a different extent, thus smearing the arrival time). -
Page 31: Limiters
Limiters The 44 Series includes three limiters in the output signal path. Please note that whilst the Limiters in this product offer protection for amplifiers and drivers, they can never protect from all possible scenarios, therefore Linea Research is not responsible for any damage which might occur. -
Page 32: Bridge
low-frequency response, effectively limiting the linear excursion to below the X-max specification of the driver. To set the limiter up, it is necessary to know the shape of the family of Excursion vs. Frequency curves of the driver for various drive voltage levels. A curve should then be chosen where the slope is high where it passes though the specified X-Max value for the driver. -
Page 33: Stereo Linking
Stereo Linking Stereo linking is available between DSP Drive Modules A & B and between C & D. Changing a parameter in either of the stereo linked Drive Modules will change the other linked Drive Module. Stereo linking is controlled by the STEREO page in the “UTILITY” menu. Note: Stereo linking will only work when the linked Drive Modules are of equal size. -
Page 34: External Breaker Protection (Ebp)
however as there is no negative consequence to doing this since ‘wake-up’ on detecting the presence of an audio input signal is instantaneous. The Standby Now ‘parameter’ allows the amplifier to be put into standby mode manually when it is not being used. -
Page 35: Static-Ip
Static-IP If the device or the computer has a static IP address set, PodWare may not be able to 'see' the device if it is in a different IP Address range (i.e. in a different subnet). Unless there are good reasons it is best to avoid the use of static IP addressing if at all possible. - Page 36 The AUX port may be configured to work in a number of ways by adjusting the Style parameter in the Aux page of the Utility menu: None - No operation 2+Mute (Event or State) – Either Snapshot 1 or Snapshot 2 may be recalled by applying a momentary or static connection to an Aux port terminal, or the device may be muted by Grounding both Aux port terminals ...
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Page 37: Latency Delay
Latency delay All Digital Signal Processing, and conversion between different formats of signal – analogue/digital/network etc., necessarily introduce some delay (latency) to the signal path. Of course, we strive to minimise these latencies. Small as they are, it is sometimes useful to know their precise values. -
Page 38: Secure Mode
Example: Input/Output Analogue Input 0.385ms Analogue Output 0.402ms Processing Input HiShelf FIR (Off) LIR Linear Phase crossover (500Hz) 2.38ms VxLim Lim (VX mode on, 1KHz Fsplit) 0.358ms Total 3.525ms Note that the latencies within a Drive Module are equalised among outputs of that Drive Module. That is, padding delay will be automatically added to some outputs such that the total latency is the same in each output of a Drive Module. -
Page 39: Summary Of Protection Indication
When the protection systems are reducing the level, this is indicated by illuminating the left-hand Amplifier channel protection indicator. This will also illuminate when the output voltage is ‘clipping’. This indicator will remain permanently illuminated if the channel has been muted by the protection systems. -
Page 40: Performance Logging
switched on). When the amplifier is switched on, the relay will normally energise. When a Fault incident occurs, the relay will be de-energised. This will allow either a Fault Incident or a loss of power to be seen as a ‘Fault’. Also see Incident Reporting Performance Logging... -
Page 41: Processing Block Diagram
Processing Block Diagram... -
Page 42: Input Menu Map Utility Menu Map
Input Menu Map Utility Menu Map CH A CH B CH C CH D STATIC IP IP MODE IP CURR FIR/ FIR/ FIR/ FIR/ HOME IP CURR HOME UTIL STEREO HOME HOME POWER HOME SAVE HOME SCREEN HOME EQ 2 EQ 2 EQ 2 EQ 2... -
Page 43: Output Menu Map
Output Menu Map CH 1 CH 2 CH 3 CH 4 EQ / EQ / EQ / EQ / HOME EQ 8 EQ 8 EQ 8 EQ 8 HOME EQ 7 EQ 7 EQ 7 EQ 7 HOME EQ 6 EQ 6 EQ 6 EQ 6... -
Page 44: Eq And Filter Response Graphs
EQ and Filter Response Graphs... -
Page 48: Technical Specifications
Max ambient temperature (full power, no audio limiting) 40degC (105degF) Audio Amplifier topology Proprietary 5th generation Linea Research Class D. Amplifier modulation scheme Low feedback, multiple loop, with feedforward error correction. Dynamic range (analog input to speaker output) >113dBA typ. -
Page 49: Power Supply
Power Output Model 44 series M20 44 series M10 44 series M06 RMS output power per channel, all channels driven with continuous program material Power specification and a nominal ambient temperature of 40degC / 105degF Crest Factor of 4 (12dB), 2-Ohm nominal load... -
Page 50: Power Distribution Protection Systems
Power distribution protection systems Mains inrush current limiting (soft start and anti-surge). Mains average current limiting (mains breaker / fuse trip protection). Randomised initialisation when powered up to reduce the peak power demand in large systems. Monitoring and logging Supply current logged vs time Number of power cycles counted Supply voltage logged vs time Number of mains brownout events counted...
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