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can be specified within the range 01-1 x 10'" < a ;;; b < 1 x 10.°. See ~.
Note: The following cannot be used ilJtx): Pol, Rae, +R. The following cannot
be used inJ!x), a, or b: I, dldx, L, n.
~-:
Determ~nes the product of J!x) over a given range. The calculation
formula is: II(j(x))
=J!a) xJ!a+l) xJ!a+2) x... xJ!b). The Natural Display
~
b
.
inputsyntax is II(j(x)), whilethe LinearDisplayinputsyntax is n(/!x), a,
b). a and b arei';;tegers in the range of a < 1 x 10'°, b < 1 x 10'°,a;;; b.
See&.
Note: The following cannot be use\! inJ!x): Pol, Rec, +R. The following cannot
be used inJ!x), a, or b: I, dldx, L, n.
Pol, Rec: Pol converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, while
Rec converts polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates. See .lll.
Pol(x, y) = (r, 8)
Rec(r, 8) = (x, y)
Specify the angle unit before
tr
~
performing calculations.
p(;r.y)
p(r,8)
.
The calculatoon result for rand 8
i
-2!!l
and forx and yare each assigned
i
respectively to variables Xand Y.
°
.
.
x
Calculation result 8 is displayed
Rectangular
Polar
in the range of _180. < 8 :5
Coordinates (Rae)
Coordinates (Pol)
1800.
X I: Factorialfunction.See ~.
Abs: Absolute value function. Note that the input method is different
depending upon whether you are using NaturalDisplayor LinearDisplay.
See~.
Ran#: Generates a 3-digitpseudo random number that is less than 1.
The result is displayed as a fraction when Natural Display is selected.
~
Ranlnt#: For input of fhe function of the form Ranlnt#(a. b), which generates
a random integer wifhin the range of a to b. See ~.
nPr, nCr: Permutation (nPr) and combination (nCr) functions. See LIz.
Rnd : The argument of this function is made a decimal value and then rounded
in accordance with the current number of display digits setting (Norm, Fix, or
Sci). With Norm 1 or Norm 2, the argument is rounded off to 10 digits. With
Fix and Sci, the argument is rounded off to the specified digit. When Fix 3
is the display digits setting, for example, the result 0110 + 3 is displayed
as 3.333, while the calculator maintains a value of 3.33333333333333
(15
digits)intemallyfor calculation.In the case of Rnd(10+3)
=
3.333 (with Fix
3), both the displayed value and the calculator's intemal value become
3.333. Because of this a series of calculations will produce different results
depending on whether Rnd is used (Rnd(10+3) x 3
=
9.999) or not used (10
.. 3 x 3
=
10.000). See As.
GCD, LCM: GCD determines the greatest common divisor of two values.
while LCM determines the least common multiple. See ~.
Int: Extracts the integer part of a value. See ~.
E.21
Intg: Deferminesthe largest integer that does not exceed a value. See
~.
Note: Usingfunctionscan slowdowna calculation, w hichmaydelaydisplay
of the result.Donot performany subsequent operationwhilewaitingforthe
calculationresult to appear. To interruptan ongoingcalculationbefore its
result appears, press @.
Integration
and Differential
Calculation
Precautions
.
Integration and differential calculations can be performed in the COMP
Mode(~[IJ)
only.
.
The following cannot be used in J!x): Pol, Rec, +R. The following cannot
be used inJ!x), a, b, or /01: I, dldx, L, n.
. When using a trigonometric function in J!x), specify Rad as the angle
unit.
.
A smaller /01 value increases precision, but it also increases calculation
time. When specifying /01, use value that is 1 x 10-" or greater.
Precautions
for Integration
Calculation Only
.
Integration normally requires considerable time to perform.
.
For J!x) < 0 where
a ;;; x ;;;b (as in the case
of
J~
3r
-
2
=
-1), calculation
will produce a negative result.
.
Depending
on the content
of J!x) and the region
of integration,
calculation
error that exceeds the tolerance may be generated, causing the calculator
to display an error message.
Precautions
for Differential Calculation
Only
.
If convergence to a solution cannot be found when /01 input is omitted, the
/0/ value will be adjusted automatically to determine the solution.
.
Non-consecutive
points, abrupt
fluctuation,
extremely
large or small points,
inflection points, and the inclusion of points that cannot be differentiated,
or a differential point or differential calculation result that approaches zero
cancause
poorprecision or error.
Tips for Successful Integration Calculations
When a periodic function or integration interval results in positive and
negative
fix)
function values
Perform separate integrations for each cycle, or for the positive part and the
negative part, and then combine the results.
ft~
I
b
I
c
I
b
a f(x)dx
=
J(x)dx + (- .f(x)dx)
~~
PositivePart NegativePart
(5 Positive)
(5 Negative)
When integration
values fluctuate
widely due to minute shifts in the
integration
Interval
Divide the integration interval into multiple parts (in a way that breaks areas
of wide fluctuation into small parts), perform integration on each part, and
then combine the results.
f~)
tJ\~
z
I
b
I
x.
I
x,
a f(x)dx = 0 f(x)dx + x,f(x)dx
+.
+ I>X)dx
E.22
...
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